Summary of Doctoral thesis: Cooperative attitudes of parents towards head teachers in secondary schools

The thesis builds a theoretical framework for cooperative attitudes of parents towards head teachers in secondary schools, assesses the level and expressions of cooperative attitudes of parents’ students to secondary school head teachers. On that basis, proposes and experiments measures to improve the positive working attitude of student’s parents with thehead teachers, contributing to improving the quality of student education.

VIETNAM ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

GRADUATE ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

COOPERATIVE ATTITUDES OF PARENTS

TOWARDS HEAD TEACHERS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Major: Psychology Code: 62 31 04 01

SUMMARY OF DOCTORAL THESIS

HANOI - 2017

THIS WORK IS COMPLETED AT GRADUATE ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

MENTORS: Asso.Prof.,Ph.D., Phan Trong Ngo

Asso.Prof.,Ph.D., Le Minh Nguyet

Reviewer No.1: Asso.Prof.,Ph.D Do Hanh Phuc

Reviewer No.2: Asso.Prof.,Ph.D Pham Thu Hoa

Reviewer No.3: Asso.Prof.,Ph.D.Tran Thi Minh Hang

The thesis is defended before the thesis appraisal board of the Academy at the Graduate Academy of Social Sciences at:

hours, date month 2017

This thesis can be found at:

- Library of Graduate Academy of Social Sciences

- National Library of Vietnam

PROLOUGE

1 The imperativeness of the topic

1.1 Cooperation between the family, the school and society is a principle that ensures good conditions for all education activities of the young generation, creating a favorable and positive environment for psychological development of the children to enhance development of personality of secondary school in particular

1.2 In the process of cooperation between the family and the school, if the parents have a positive attitude of cooperation with high consensus, they will contribute to improve the effectiveness of the comprehensive education personality

1.3 In recent years, In Viet Nam, studies on the cooperation of parents to secondary school head teachers are still limited

1.4 Studying the cooperation of parents to head teachers will help us better and more comprehensively assess the reality, identify factors influencing the cooperation of parents to head teachers This will help educators, teachers, parents, and other stakeholders work out ways

to improve the cooperation between parents and head teachers, contributing to improving the efficiency in the education This is an urgent and topical matter, of both theoretical and practical significance

It is the practical significance and the imperativeness of the

problemthat urges us to do researches on the topic: “Cooperative attitudes of parents towards head teachers in secondary schools”

2 Purpose and tasks of the research

2.1 Purpose of research

The thesis builds a theoretical framework for cooperative attitudes of parents towards head teachers in secondary schools, assesses the level and expressions of cooperative attitudes of parents’ students to secondary school head teachers On that basis, proposes and experiments measures to improve the positive working attitude of student’s parents with thehead teachers, contributing to improving the

quality of student education

2.2 Tasks of research

2.2.1 Overview of the research situation of domestic and foreign authors on attitudes and cooperative attitudes of parents towards head teachers in secondary schools

2.2.2 To study theories of attitudes and cooperative attitudes in psychology, on the basis of which to analyze, synthesize, generalize and develop the theoretical issues on cooperative attitudes of parents towards head teachers in secondary schools

2.2.3 To survey and evaluate the actual situation of cooperative attitudes of parents towards head teachers in secondary schools in the education of students; identify the factors that affect that situation

2.2.4 To propose and experiment with some measures to improve the positive working attitude of parents with secondary school teachers, contributing to improving educational effectiveness

3 Subject and scope of research

3.1 Research subject

The level and expressions of cooperative attitudes of student’s

parents towards head teachers in secondary schools

3.2 Scope of research

3.2.1 Scope of research contents

Studying the level and expressions of parent’s attitudes towards cooperation, manifested through the factors: cognition, emotion, and behavior of the parents in cooperative activities such as: student learning activities; Ethical education activities for students; Contribution for material and spiritual facilities to serve the educational work; Activities geared towards school development

3.2.2 Scope of research area and objects

*Research area: The research is conducted at 4 secondary

schools: Ly Tu Trong secondary school, Thanh Hoa city; Hoang Chau Secondary school, Hoang Hoa, Thanh Hoa; Co Nhue Secondary

School, Bac Tu Liem District, Hanoi; Chu Van An Secondary School,

Tay Ho District, Hanoi

*Scope of research objects: The study is conducted on 684

objects Of which, in the probe survey: 48 parents; in the official

survey: 586 parents, 40 head teachers, 04 managing officers, 6 students

4 Approach and methodology

4.1 Approach

4.1.1 Operational approach

4.1.2 Approach by functional systems

4.1.3 Practical approach

4.2 Specific research methods

4.2.1 Methods of collecting information

Documentary study method; Professional method; Product and activity study method; Questionnaire survey method; In-depth interview; Case study method; Observation method

4.2.2 Pedagogic experiment methods

4.2.3 Method of processing data by mathematical statistics

5 Contributions of the thesis

5.1 Theoretical contributions

The thesis helps clarify the concept of parents’ attitudes toward cooperative activities towards head teachers, the concepts, structures, levels of manifestation of cooperative attitudes with head teachers, at the same time manipulates the concepts into indicators that can be

measured in practice

5.2 Practical contributions

Determines the status of the levels and manifestations of cooperative attitude of the parents towards head teachers through the factors of cognition, emotion and behavior; identifies the factors that affect that situation Proposes positive measures to improve the positive cooperation of parents with head teachers, contributing to improving the

effectiveness in education

6 Theoretical and practical significance

6.1 Theoretical significance

Theoretically, the research outcomes contribute to clarify and enrich theories on attitudes, cooperative attitudes, and cooperative attitude of parents towards head teachers in pedagogical psychology as well as in pedagogic, they are also theoretical material in the training and development of teachers, in the study of psychology and pedagogic

science

6.2 Practical signification

- The research outcomes provide a system of feedback on the status of parents’ cooperation with secondary school level teachers in student education activities, helping educational administrators evaluate and strategically improve the efficiency of cooperation

- The measures proposed and verified experimentally will be reference materials for educational administrators as well as students’ parents and head teachers to apply and to enhance the effectiveness of cooperation in education of students

7 Structure of the thesis

Apart from the introduction and conclusions, recommendations and references, the thesis structure consists of 4 chapters

Chapter 1: An overview of the research on cooperative attitudes

of parents towards head teachers in secondary schools

Chapter 2: Theory of cooperative attitudes of parents towards head teachers in secondary schools

Chapter 3: Organization and method of research on cooperative attitudes of parents towards head teachers in secondary schools

Chapter 4: Research findings on cooperative attitudes of parents towards head teachers in secondary schools

CHAPTER 1

AN OVERVIEW OF THE RESEARCH ON COOPERATIVE ATTITUDES OF PARENTS TOWARDS HEAD

TEACHERS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS

1.1 Studies on cooperative attitude in the world

1.1.1 Studies on attitudes and cooperative attitudes

*Approach to the study of attitude with personal choices

W.I Thomas and F.Znaniecki (1918) were the first to introduce the term ”attitude” when studying the adaptation of Poles to the social environment, to the replacement of old values by new values that is mainly a matter of attitude A.Ph Lagiurski (1924) proposes to study the attitudes of people with the impact on the surrounding environment, including the natural world, the work products and other individuals; social groups, spiritual values such as sciences and arts

Also using this approach were a number of authors such asV.N Miaxisev (1973); Ph.Lomov (2000) According to some, attitude is a system of complete, selective, sensible personal relationships between personality and different aspects of objective reality Attitude has a guiding role in values, connections, bonding, emotion, aversion, interest, and other aspects of personality He said that the most common concept of personality is the concept of "personal subjective attitudes"

In addition, there is D.N.Uznatze's "Theory of attitude" (1901) and V.A.Iadov's "Theory of positioning" (1979) D.N.Uznatze states that attitude is a state of readiness towards a certain activity, which is the basis of selective, oriented positivity of the subject

*Approach of attitude study in relation with cognition

Representing this approach is Leon Festinger's Theory of cognitive dissonance (1957) and Heider's Balance theory (1958), which interpreted the relationship between attitudes They were on the epistemological perspective to emphasize the role of the cognitive component in explaining the formation and changes of attitudes and to

give prominence to unity, integrity, balance, stability, harmony and consistency of attitude Understanding new information that conflicts with existing emotions and behaviors will inevitably change attitudes

* Approach of functional and behavioral research in attitude study

In 1934, R.T.La Piere proved that sometimes, what we say is very different from what we do He concluded: “In many social situations, the data obtained through questionnaires are not reliable; Attitude in general must be studied by observing reality”

G.P.Allport (1935) argued that attitudes play a decisive role in influencing human behavior G.P.Allport is recognized by many psychologists, but the limitation of Allport's notion is that it does not address the role of social environment, needs, motives in the process of attitude formation

In addition, A Wichker (1969) also came up with a surprising conclusion: "People’s attitudes predict almost nothing about their behavior." And A.W.Wichker, Icek Ajzen (1977) and Martin Fishbein (1982) conducted 27 experiments, of which 26 experiments shown that

if the attitude is determined for a specific behavior, “what we say” and

”what we do” are consistent with each other

Hiebsch, H., Vorwerg, M (1992) studied the function of attitudes in personal collaboration with social groups The author argued that the attitude of the individual depended on the particular group, and when studying attitudes, attention should be paid not only on the individual, but on the social aspect as well

* Approach of studying the structure of attitude

That the study of attitudes consists of three components: cognition, emotion and behavior, proposed by M Smith (1942) and later by Krech, Crutchfield & Ballachey (1962), is widely accepted by psychologists: Cognition; Emotion, Behavior In addition, some of the

authors studied the three-component attitude: cognition, emotion and

behavior, such as P.N.Sikhirev (1973), Fishbein & Ajzen (1980), E

Willson T.D.Akert (1998) According to some authors, the three components are interactively related Later on, Eagly & Chaiken (1998), Fazio (2000) studied attitudes in the work environment and also based on three components: cognition; emotion and behavior.According to some authors, the three interactions have a reciprocal interaction with each other, which determines the attitude of the subject

* Approach of attitude measurement method

Since the 1930s, attitudinal studies have focused on the development of attitudinal measures which are quite accurate: Likert (1932), Triandis (1964), Miaxisev (1973) Recently, behavioral studies have suggested the famous "the bogus pipeline" method of Edward Jones and Harold Sigall (1971) The authors used this method by selecting two randomized groups to participate in their experiments, then assigned a group to answer with paper and pens; the other group will use a lie detector In subsequent experiments, some researchers have come to the conclusion that the information obtained using this method is very different from that obtained using conventional measurements

1.1.2 Studies on the cooperative attitude of students’ parents towards head teachers

J.A.Comenxki (1670); N.K Crupxkaia; V.A.Xukhomlinxki (1970); A.X Mackarencô; A.I Xorokina (1979) The above studies focus on defining the roles, responsibilities and importance of school-family collaboration in the education of students; the content, method, plan of cooperation However, some authors only focus on the collaboration between family, school and society in the education of students, while the problem of cooperative attitude of parents of students with the homeroom teacher in Educational work, in one aspect

or another, has almost never been mentioned by the authors

1.2 Studies on cooperative attitude in Vietnam

1.2.1 Studies on attitudes and cooperative attitudes

- Studies from the aspect of social psychology

Trinh Duy Luan, Thanh Le (2004), Tran Hiep (2004), Knud S Larsen & Le Van Hao (2010) Some authors have considered social attitudes as certain states of mind and nervous system; Show a readiness

to react, organized, based on previous experience, to affect behavior The authors refer to the notion of "attitudes" to predict or explain human behavior, to examine the relationship between attitudes and behavior of individuals

- Studies from the aspect of psychology

Represented by some psychologists such as Pham Minh Hac,

Le Duc Phuc, Nguyen Quang Uan, Nguyen Khac Vien, Le Ngoc Lan,

Do Long, Vo Thi Minh Chi (2004), Dao Thi Oanh… According to some authors, attitude is one of the components that make up the personality structure of the individual, creating the specific properties of the subject Vu Dung (2004) pointed out that: Attitude has a great impact on human behavior towards the environment When the attitude is positive, people will be more aware of the necessity and their responsibility for protecting the environment

1.2.2 Studieson cooperative attitudes of parents towards head teachers in secondary schools

- Studies from the aspect of sociology

Le Ngoc Hung, in the book "Educational Sociology," mentions the types of relationship between family and school: cooperative relationships; exchange relationship, Professional-client relationship, in which the author especially emphasizes cooperation

- Studies from the aspect of psychology

Representatives of those following this research approach are Tran Trong Thuy (1970), Bui Van Hue (1994), Duong Thi Dieu Hoa (CB) (2012) emphasized the positive cooperation between the family

and the school plays an important role in the education of children And recently, Pham Thanh Nghi (2013), who have paid attention to studying the cooperation between students family and teachers, the author considers student family as the partner of the school, the parents and the teachers share the same expression and support, they can create a more active classroom environment for teaching and learning

* Studies from the aspect of pedagogy

Research on the cooperative attitude of students’ parents with head teachers has attracted many educators such as Pham Khac Chuong,

Ha Nhat Thang, Le Tien Hung (1995), Thai Duy Tuyen (2001), Tran Thi Tuyet Oanh, Phan Thanh Long (2009) In their studies, some authors agreed that the cooperation should focus on the family of students Families have strengths that no other forces have The success

of school education depends very much on family education Head teachers need to actively cooperate with students’ families in many different forms,

In short, in the world as well as in Vietnam, there have been

many studies on the cooperative attitude between school and students’ families in education of students The study outcomes have shed light

on the theoretical issues on cooperative attitude of students’ parents; identifying the role, importance and necessity of cooperation in education However, these studies are still of a general nature, mainly with research orientations, especially those related to cooperative attitudes of parents towards head teachers in secondary schools, in which there has not yet been a comprehensive, systematic and in-depth

study Research on "Cooperative attitudes of parents towards head teachers in secondary schools" will help to clarify the above problem

CHAPTER 2 THEORY ONCOOPERATIVE ATTITUDES OF PARENTS TOWARDS HEAD TEACHERS

IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS 2.1 Cooperation between students’ parents and head teachers in secondary schools

The cooperative attitude of the parents of the students to the

secondary school classroom teacher is a close collaboration , coherent coordinationbetween students’ parents and head teachersto carry out educational activities in order to improve the education of students

2.2 Cooperative attitudes of students’ parents towards head teachers in secondary schools

2.2.1 Attitude

2.2.1.1 Definition of attitude

Attitude is the subject's willingness to selectively respond to an object, externally exposed through the subject's cognition, emotion, and behavior in specific situations and conditions

2.2.1.2 Aspects of attitude manifestations

*Cognitive manifestations: Attitudes manifestations cognition

makes things clearer, helps individuals realize the nature of the object, whether its value, its benefits meet the needs, the interests of the subject

or not

*Emotional manifestations: Emotions express the vibration of

the individual to the value of the object, related to the satisfaction or lack of satisfaction of the subject's motives and motives, which are the

core components acting as the driving force the willingness to react to the object of attitude Strong, positive emotion will promote stronger psychological readiness, stable emotions that create stability in attitude and vice versa

*Behavioral manifestations: Behavior is a level of external

manifestation of attitudes, a system of operations that express the degree of readiness of the cognitive choice, the state of emotion in attitudes, and the intensity, Behavioral actions affect the object of making the consciousness expressed, the emotion clear, through which

we can recognize the attitude of the individual more clearly

In a nutshell: The three manifestations of attitudes are

intimately related, the unity of which constitutes a definite attitude of

the subject

2.2.2 Cooperative attitude

2.2.2.1 Definition of cooperative attitude

Cooperative attitude is the readiness of the subject to react selectively to close, synchronized cooperation in activities, manifested through the cognition, emotions and behavior of subjects in specific situations and conditions in order to achieve common goals

2.2.22 Aspects of cooperative attitude manifestations

Cognitive, Emotional, Behavioral manifestations in cooperative attitude

2.2.3 Cooperative attitudes of parents towards head teachers