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ĐỀ SỐ13 Đề thi gồm 07 trang BỘ ĐỀ THI THPT QUỐC GIA CHUẨN CẤU TRÚC BỘ GIÁO DỤC & ĐÀO TẠO Môn: TIẾNG ANH Thời gian làm bài: 50 phút Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to

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Đề thi gồm 07

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BỘ ĐỀ THI THPT QUỐC GIA CHUẨN CẤU TRÚC BỘ GIÁO DỤC & ĐÀO

TẠO

Môn: TIẾNG ANH Thời gian làm bài: 50 phút

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning

to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Question 5: There has been insufficient rainfall over the past two years, and farmers are having trouble.

Question 6: She was so insubordinate that she lost her job within a week.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Question 7: Help and supports are rapidly sent to wherever there are victims of catastrophe.

Question 8: You must answer the police’s questions truthfully: otherwise, you will get into trouble.

A as trustingly as you can B with a negative attitude

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes each

of the following exchanges.

Question 9: Tom: “How did you get here?” - John: “ _”

A The train is so crowded B I came here last night.

Question 10: Mai: “It’s been a tough couple of months, but I think the worst is behind us now.”

Nam: “ _”

A Good! B Good luck! C Good morning D Goodness me!

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 11: His _ and bad work led to his dismissal from the company.

Question 12: The smell of the sea _her childhood.

A took her in B took after C took her back to D took it for granted Question 13: Can you tell me who is responsible _luggage?

Question 14: Not only _ the exam but she also got a scholarship.

A did she pass B she passed C she has passed D has she passed

Question 15: What made Mark _ his family and his job? Where did he go and why?

Question 16: My mother has _ for a bargain.

Question 17: Despite all the interruptions, she _ with her work.

Question 18: My grandfather is getting old and forgetful _, he is experienced.

A Be that as it may B Regardless C Inasmuch as it is D Consequently

Question 19: Rarely have I visited _ Bangkok, the capital of Thailand.

A as a beautiful city as B as beautiful a city as

C as beautiful as the city D as a city as beautiful as

Question 20 I read the essay again and again _ avoiding making spelling mistakes.

A in terms of B by means of C with a view to D in view of

Question 21 Not until a monkey is several years old _ to exhibit signs of independence from

its mother

Question 22 He suffered from depression _ by overwork and ill-health.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 23 to 27.

Easter is a holiday in late March or early April, the first Sunday after the first full moon after 21 March Many people (23) _it with their family or have a short holiday/ vacation It is also an important Christian festival Easter Sunday, the day of the Resurrection, is the end of Lent (24) _ the most important date in the Christian year Many people who do not go to church at other times go on Easter Sunday It was once common for people to wear new clothes to church on this day

Easter bonnets for fun A few people send Easter cards with religious symbols on them or pictures of small chickens, lambs, rabbits and spring flowers, all traditionally associated (25) _ Easter The Friday before Easter Sunday is called Good Friday and is (26) _ as the day Christ was crucified (= hanged on a cross to die) On Good Friday many people eat hot cross buns (= fruit buns decorated with a simple cross) The Monday after Easter is called Easter Monday In Britain Good Friday and Easter Monday are both bank holidays In the US, each company decides for itself (27) _to close or remain open on those days

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34.

It is estimated that over 99 percent of all species that ever existed have become extinct What causes

extinction? When a species is no longer adapted to a changed environment, it may perish The exact

causes of a species' death vary from situation to situation Rapid ecological change may render an environment hostile to a species For example, temperatures may change and a species may not be able to adapt Food Resources may be affected by environmental changes, which will then cause problems for a species requiring these resources Other species may become better adapted to an environment, resulting

in competition and, ultimately, in the death of a species

The fossil record reveals that extinction has occurred throughout the history of Earth Recent analyses have also revealed that on some occasions many species became extinct at the same time - a mass extinction One of the best-known examples of mass extinction occurred 65 million years ago with

the demise of dinosaurs and many other forms of life Perhaps the largest mass extinction was the one

that occurred 225 million years ago When approximately 95 percent of all species died, mass extinctions can be caused by a relatively rapid change in the environment and can be worsened by the close interrelationship of many species If, for example, something were to happen to destroy much of the

plankton in the oceans, then the oxygen content of Earth would drop, affection even organisms not living

in the oceans Such a change would probably lead to a mass extinction

One interesting, and controversial, finding is that extinctions during the past 250 million years have tended to be more intense every 26 million years This periodic extinction might be due to intersection of the Earth’s orbit with a cloud of comets, but this theory is purely speculative Some researchers have also speculated that extinction may often be random That is, certain species may be eliminated and others may survive for no particular reason A species’ survival may have nothing to do with its ability or inability to adapt If so, some of evolutionary history may reflect a sequence of essentially random events

Question 28 The word “it” in paragraph 1 refers to _

Question 29 What does the author say in paragraph 1 regarding most species in Earth’s history?

A They have remained basically unchanged from their original forms.

B They have been able to adapt to ecological changes.

C They have caused rapid change in the environment.

D They are no longer in existence.

Question 30 Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 1 as resulting from rapid ecological

change?

A Temperature changes B Availability of food resources

C Introduction of new species D Competition among species

Question 31 The word “demise” in line 10 is closest in meaning to

Question 32 Why is “plankton” mentioned in paragraph 2?

A To demonstrate the interdependence of different species

B To emphasize the importance of food resources in preventing mass extinction.

C To illustrate a comparison between oiganisms that live on the land and those that live in the ocean

D To point out that certain species could never become extinct.

Question 33 Which of the following can be inferred from the theory of periodic extinction mentioned in

paragraph 3?

A Many scientists could be expected to disagree with it

B Evidence to support the theory has recently been found.

C The theory is no longer seriously considered.

D Most scientists believe the theory to be accurate.

Question 34 In paragraph 3, the author makes which of the following statements about a species’

survival?

A It reflects the interrelationship of many species.

B It may depend on chance events.

C It does not vary greatly from species to species

D It is associated with astronomical conditions.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42.

A considerable body of research has demonstrated a correlation between birth order and aspects

such as temperament and behavior, and some psychologists believe that birth order significantly affects the development of personality Psychologist Alfred Adler was a pioneer in the study of the relationship

between birth order and personality A key point in his research and in the hypothesis that he developed based on it was that it was not the actual numerical birth position that affected personality; instead, it was

the similar responses in large numbers of families to children in specific birth order positions that had an effect For example, first - borns, who have their parents to themselves initially and do not have to deal with siblings in the first part of their lives, tend to have their first socialization experiences with adults and therefore tend to find the process of peer socialization more difficult In contrast, later-born children have to deal with siblings from the first moment of their lives and therefore tend to have stronger socialization skills

Numerous studies since Adler’s have been conducted on the effect of birth order and personality These studies have tended to classify birth order types into four different categories: first-born, second-born and/or middle, last, and only child

Studies have consistently shown that first-bom children tend to exhibit similar, positive and

negative personality traits First-borns have consistently been linked with academic achievement in

various studies; in one study, the number of National Merit scholarship winners who are first - borns was

found to be equal to the number of second - and third-borns combined First - borns have been found to

be more responsible and assertive than those born in other birth-order positions and tend to rise to positions of leadership more often than others; more first - borns have served in the U.S Congress and as U.S presidents than have those born in other birth - order positions However, studies have

shown that first-borns tend to be more subject to stress and were considered problem children more often than later-borns

Second-born and/or middle children demonstrate markedly different tendencies from firstborns They tend to feel inferior to the older child or children because it is difficult for them to comprehend that their lower level of achievement is a function of age rather than ability, and they often try to succeed in areas other than those in which their older sibling or siblings excel They tend to be more trusting,

accepting, and focused on others than the more self-centered first-borns, and they tend to have a

comparatively higher level of success in team sports than do first-borns or only children, who more often excel in individual sports

The last-born child is the one who tends to be the eternal baby of the family and thus often exhibits

a strong sense of security Last-borns collectively achieve the highest degree of social success and demonstrate the highest levels of self - esteem of all the birth-order positions They often exhibit less competitiveness than older brothers and sisters and are more likely to take part in less competitive group games or in social organizations such as sororities and fraternities

Only children tend to exhibit some of the main characteristics of first-borns and some of the characteristics of last-borns Only children tend to exhibit the strong sense of security and selfesteem exhibited by last-borns while, like first-borns, they are more achievement oriented and more likely than middle-or last-borns to achieve academic success However, only children tend to have the most problems establishing close relationships and exhibit a lower need for affiliation than other children

Question 35 The word body in paragraph 1 could best be replaced by _.

Question 36 The word it in paragraph 1 refers to _.

Question 37 What is stated in paragraph 1 about Adler?

A He was one of the first to study the effect of birth order on personality.

B He believed that it was the actual birth order that affected personality.

C He had found that the responses by family members had little to do with personality.

D He was the only one to study birth order.

Question 38 The word traits in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _.

Question 39 Which of the sentences below expresses the essential information in the bold sentence in

paragraph 3? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information

A In spite of certain characteristics that first-borns possess, many of them become leaders.

B An interesting fact that is difficult to explain is that many first-borns have served in high government

positions

C Because first-borns tend to be very assertive, they are uncomfortable serving in government

positions

D Several examples support the idea that first-borns have characteristics that make them leaders.

Question 40: The word accepting in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _.

Question 41 Which of the following is NOT true?

A First-borns tend to do well in individual sports.

B Middle children tend to have a preference for team sports.

C Last-borns tend to prefer games with fierce competition.

D Only children tend to prefer individual over team sports.

Question 42 Which of the following would be most likely to have a successful career but few close

friendships?

A A second-born B A middle child C A last-born D An only child

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

Question 43: His dog was so fierce that nobody would visit him.

A He had a such fierce dog that nobody would visit him.

B He had so fierce a dog that nobody would visit him.

C He had a so fierce dog that nobody would visit him.

D His dog was too fierce to visit.

Question 44: "If I were you, I’d buy that house." Ms Hoa said to Ms Lan.

A Ms Hoa promised Ms Lan that he would buy that house.

B Ms Hoa advised Ms Lan to buy that house.

C Ms Hoa suggested Ms Lan to buy that house.

D Ms Hoa forced Ms Lan to buy that house.

Question 45: You needn’t hurry because there is a delay of about two hours.

A There is a delay of about two hours and therefore you mustn’t hurry.

B It is not possible for you to hurry because there is a delay of about two hours.

C It is not necessary for you to hurry because there is a delay of about two hours.

D You mustn’t hurry because there is a delay of about two hours.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.

Question 46: (A) After writing it, the essay must (B) be duplicated by the student himself and handed (C)

in to the department secretary before (D) the end of the month.

Question 47: It is the (A) high time Tim (B) understands (C) how to behave properly (D) towards the old

men

Question 48: She finds (A) the work she (B) has to do quite (C) easily; boredom is her (D) biggest

problem

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.

Question 49: You’d better take the keys It’s possible I’ll come home late.

A You’d better take the keys as I possibly come home late.

B You’d better take the keys in case I come home late.

C I’ll probably come home late so that you’d better take the keys.

D If I come home late, you’d better take the keys.

Question 50: We chose to find a place for the night We found the bad weather very inconvenient.

A Bad weather was approaching, so we started to look for a place to stay.

B The bad weather prevented us from driving any further.

C Seeing that the bad weather had set in, we decided to find somewhere to spend the night.

D Because the climate was so severe, we were worried about what we’d do at night.

ANSWER KEY

Question 9 Chọn đáp án C

- Tom: “Bạn đã đến đó bằng phương tiện gì?”

- John: “ _ ”

A Tàu quá đông

B Tôi đến đây tối qua

C Tôi đến đây bằng tàu hỏa

D Nó ở xa đây đúng không?

Note 36

Hỏi về phương tiện: How do/does/did + you + go/travel ?

Để trả lời, ta đùng: by bike (bằng xe đạp), by bus (bằng xe buýt), by train (bằng tàu hỏa), by motorbike (bằng xe máy), by car (bằng xe hơi), by plane (bằng máy bay), on foot (đi bộ)

E.g: How do you go to school? (Bạn đi học bằng phương tiện gì?)

- I walk to school (= I go to school on foot ~ Tôi đi bộ đến trường)

Question 14 Chọn đáp án A

Cấu trúc đảo ngữ với “not only”:

- Not only + trợ động từ/ động từ to be + S + V .but + S + also + V (không những mà còn )

E.g: Not only does he sing well but he also plays the piano perfectly.

A, C sai cấu trúc

D sai “thì” của động từ

Dịch: Cô ấy không những đã thi đậu mà còn được học bổng

Note 37

Đảo ngữ với “not only, not until, not since, not a +N”

E.g: Not until 11 o’clock will he come back ~ It was not until 11 o’clock that he will come back (Mãi

cho đến 11 giờ thì anh ta mới về.)

Not until he came home did he realize that he had lost his wallet (Mãi cho đến khi anh ta về nhà thì

anh ta mới nhận ta anh ta đã mất ví.)

Not only does she sing beautifully but she can also play the guitar well (Cô ta không những hát hay mà

cô ta còn có thể chơi ghi-ta giỏi.)

Question 46 Chọn đáp án A

Đây là dạng rút gọn mệnh đề trạng ngữ ở bị động vì chủ ngữ là “the essay/ it” => dùng Vpp

Do đó: After writing it =>After being written

Note 38 Rút gọn mệnh đề trạng ngữ

- Mệnh đề trạng từ là mệnh đề nối nhau bằng các liên từ như when, because, while, after, before

+ Điều kiện rút gọn: Chủ ngữ 2 vế giống nhau

+ Cách thức rút gọn:

- Bỏ liên từ (hoặc để lại thì biến thành giới từ)

- Chủ động thì đổi động từ thành Ving

- Bị động thì dùng Vpp (nhưng nếu giữ lại liên từ, hoặc có NOT thì phải để lại to be và thêm "ing" vào "to be": (being + Vpp) - ngoại trừ các liên từ "when, if, though" thì lại có thể bỏ luôn to be

- Đối với liên từ when, as (khi) mà động từ chính trong mệnh đề đó là to be + N và mang nghĩa “là” thì có thể bỏ luôn "to be" mà giữ lại danh từ

E.g1: When I see him, I will give him this gift, (chủ động)

 When seeing him, I will give him this gift (liên từ when có thể giữ lại)

Seeing him, I will give him this gift (bỏ liên từ when)

E.g2: When I was given a watch by my mother, I felt very happy.

 When being given a watch by my mother, I felt very happy, (để lại liên từ when thì để lại to be => being Vpp)

 When given a watch by my mother, I felt very happy, (nếu là liên từ when thì có thể bỏ “to be”)

 Given a watch by my mother, I felt very happy, (bỏ liên từ)