SKKN một số phương pháp dạy và học từ vựng cho học sinh lớp 5

EXPERIENCE INITIATIVE SOME METHODS FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING VOCABULARY TO THE GRADE 5 STUDENTS Person in charge : Lê Thị Thương Position : Teacher Organization : Trường Tiểu học Xuân

THANH HOA DEPARMENT OF EDUCATION & TRAINNING. THO XUÂN DEPARMENT OF EDUCATION & TRAINNING.

EXPERIENCE INITIATIVE

SOME METHODS FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING VOCABULARY TO THE GRADE 5

STUDENTS

Person in charge : Lê Thị Thương

Position : Teacher

Organization : Trường Tiểu học Xuân Bái

The Field of Experience Initiative : Foreign language.

THANH HOA YEAR 2019

STT Contents Trang

1

2

2.2.Issues reality before applying Experience initiative 4

Solution 1 : Choose new words to teach 5 Solution 2 : Factors to clarify when introducing new words 6 Solution 3 : Rechniques to teach words 7 Solution 4 : Types of exercises should be applied when

practicing vocabulary

8

Solution 5 : Apply language games in vocabulary teaching 9

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Research rationale.

We all know that, in the era of informatics and technology, English is widely spoken internationally and has become the second language of many countries Thanks for English, people all over the world can connect and become more friendly to each other through facebook, zalo… English is the language with various vocabulary so learners and users often meet some difficulties in learning and using fluently English

Vocabulary is one of the most important elements in learning English If learners want to be good at English, in any skill: Listening, speaking, reading or writing also they need to have rich vocabulary In general, however, they are so lazy in learning new words, so they often make mistakes in spelling, writing, pronunciation, use words incorrectly and not followed by the right situation…

The problems above occur due to learners do not know how to learn vocabulary in right ways, or maybe they come from the English teaching method when teachers do not paying as much attention to teaching vocabulary as other skills because they think that learners can do it well by them selves, so they skipped it

How do learners get vocabulary that they need and can use them in the most effective way and make a suitable habit for learning vocabulary ? By the experience in my teaching process and through research materials, I would like

to propose some methods of teaching and learning vocabulary for elementary school students of grade 5 primary school, Tho Xuan Dist., Thanh Hoa province

1.2.Reseach purpse.

The objectives of this Research are to find out and summarize some methods of teaching and learning vocabulary for grade 5 students at primary schools better

1.3 Reseach object.

Research object is the methods for vocabulary teaching and learning to grade 5 students at primary school in Tho Xuan District

1.4 Reseach method.

a.Theoretical research method

b Practical research method

c.Appliep research method

2.THE CONTENT OF EXPERIENCE INITIATIVE 2.1 Rationale.

For English learners, vocabulary is considered the most important means,

it is the root of beginning to learn English In any skill (listening speaking -reading - writing), they needrich vocabulary.Especially it is important for them

to know three factors when using the English words: form, meaning, and usage (use in context)

2.2 Issues reality before applying Experience initiative:

*Teacher Issues:

Almost teachers are enthusiastic for researching and providing suitable teaching methods However, some teachers do not pay attention to finding new ways to teach vocabulary in every lesson To make the lesson more interesting, the teachers have to make pictures of illustration to help their students remember the words easily and direct their attention to the topic or the focus of the lesson Thus teachers can find the talented students who have good skills in learning English On the contrary, teachers who do not prepare teaching materials enough, their students learn mechanically and passively; they are not interested

in the lesson Class time is still limited, taking time for students to memorize and deepen vocabulary is slow

Lack of facilities, visual equipment such as pictures, English teaching rooms

*Student Issues:

During school hours, students are excited because they are most interested

in learning English On the other hand, there are some students who have passive attitude when they are learning and not really positive in the class Others are too shy, afraid to ask teachers for help Many students think that English vocabulary is hard to remember and takes a lot of time because they have not remembered new words in their heart and they also do not write regularly or learn new lessons and forget the old ones because they have no communicative environment to practice Not all parents know how to teach English vocabulary for their children at home and many parents do not care about their children's learning

In my teaching - grade 5 - experiences in school year (2016 – 2017) I often check the student’s vocabulary in the following ways:

* Teacher guides students play some games to memorize vocabulary

- Network

Ask students to work individually to find words related to the given topic For example:

January

April March

February

March

Months of a year

For example:

1. Surf the

2. Go to

3. Clean the

4. do

a. house

b. karate

c. Internet

d. cinemar

Call a student go to the board and match the words in column A with phrase word in column B to make the meaningful words

Jumbler words.

For example:

I give some words that are disordered letters, then ask students to rearrange them into meaningful words Then ask some students read their words

in front of the class

dctor = doctor urnes = nurse

arrmfe = farmer

pstmoan = postman

But after these tests, the quality of the result is not high, only approximately

Survey results before and after applying with 32 students of Grade 5A:

2.3 Solutions.

In an English lesson, most lessons have a section "Vocabulary Introduction" In order to achieve high results, students must know how to pronounce and how to use the words In that way, teachers need to select skills that are appropriate for each word so that students are easy to understand, remember and use Through the teaching and researching process, I would like

to offer some methods of teaching and learning common English vocabulary that

I think students are interested in learning and being able to make high efficiency

Solution 1 : Choose new words to teach

Normally, new words appear in a lesson But not all new words are taught equally To choose suitable new words to teach, each teacher must consider the following issues:

a Active and passive vocabulary.

- Active words are words that students understand, recognize and use in

written and communication

- Passive words are words that students only understand and recognize

when listening and reading

How to teach and introduce these two types of words are different

*Active words are related to all four skills: listening, speaking, reading and

writing, need to take many times to introduce and practice more, especially the

way how to use With passive words, can only stop at the recognition level, no

need to practice Therefore teachers need to know and decide which words are active and which words are passive

Example:

- Unit 8 – What are you reading ? B4,5,6,7 (English grade 5) teachers must determine:

- Active vocabulary:

go -> went sit -> sat talk -> talked buy -> bought take -> took

-Passive vocabulary:

sunny, hot, souvenir shop, great

b Have students already known thosenew words ?

In order not to waste time, teacher must always ensure that the words he teaches are words need to teach –the new words for students who do not know

Solution 2 : Factors to clarify when introducing new words

When introducing vocabulary, it is necessary to specify 3 basic elements

of language: form, semantics (meaning), usage (use in context)

When introducing new words if the words are only written and defined as

in the dictionary, they do not guarantee students how to use them in communication in English, especially with active words Students need to know how to pronounce not only single words but also to recognize and use those words in a series of words and especially know the meaning and usage in particular contexts So the factors that need to be clarified when introducing new words are expressed through:

2.1 Spelling

2.2 Pronunciation

2.3 Lexical meaning

2.4 Grammatical form

2.5 Use in context

Solution 3 : Techniques to teach words

a Drawing pictures

Teachers can guide students to draw simple pictures, so that they can remember new words longer Hereby, students will be very easy to learn and easy to remember the new words they have just learned

For example:

 a bike ;  a car ;  a clock ;  a book

b Use visual aids (realia)

Teachers can use objects in class or bring to class, pictures, diagrams or draw directly on the board

Example : apply for –

Unit 11 –lesson 1 (1, 2, 3)

- A sore throat : (action)

- A stomachache : (situation)

- Ride a bike : ( picture)

Unit 15 - lesson 1( 1, 2, 3)

Pilot : (situation) Write : (action)

Architect : ( picture)

c Use situation

Teachers can use real-world situations in class or outside the classroom to indicate the meaning of the word

Unit 19 : Which place would you like ? lesson 2( 1,2,3)

For example: When recommending the word "teacher", the teacher can point to himself and say: I am a teacher

d Give example

After some new words are learned in class, teachers can guide students to practice simple sentences with those words at home Then students will give them to teachers to check, and from that teachers know what difficulties studentshave in using new words to take prompt guidance With this method, students can use the new words in the right way and teach them how to use English grammar better

For example:

Unit 18: What will the weather be like tomorrow ? lesson 1 ( 1,2,3)

-Teacher give following words:

Cold, snowy, hot, sunny, warm, stormy, cool, cloudy

Unit 18: What will the weather be like tomorrow ? lesson 2 ( 1,2,3)

Teacher give following words:

Spring, Summer, Autumn, Winter

- Students can give some examples such as:

- I like spring.

- It’s very hot in summer.

- What is the weather like in autumn ?

- My father doesn’t like winter.

e Use body language

Teachers can use their body language to introduce new words and ask students to guess the meaning of them By this way, students can remember new words easily and longer

For example: When introducing new word hot, teachers can hold a notebook as a fan and fans constantly and say that "I’m very hot, I’m very hot."

f Translate into mother tongue

For some difficult new words, teachers can translate them into their mother tongue

For example:

- It takes about …: mât khoảng bao nhiêu …

- Place : địa danh

- Fly back : bay về

- Return : quay trở lại

Solution 4: Types of exercises should be applied when practicing vocabulary

a Give antonyms

Teachersor studentscan give a word or group of words and ask the other students to give the antonym to these words

By this method, students can remind the new words they have learned, and they can remember those new words one more

For example :

turn right >< turn left

short >< long

hot >< cold

b Give synonyms

Teacher can ask students to remind the new words they have learned by giving synonyms to those words

For example:

to play football = to play soccer

to learn = to study

a bike = a bicycle

c Learn by logic starting from the last letter of the previous word

This method helps students remember the new words they have learned before It will help students systemize the vocabulary they have learned, and students can remember more new words

For example:

nice - eye - egg - girl - learn - notebook - key - yellow …

d Learning by topic (Theme)

This method not only can help students systemize the new words they have learned, but consolidate and remember them better

For example

pork orange juice fish water

vegetable milk meat soda rice lemon juice

e Give infinitive words

Teacher or students give aninfinitive word then teacher asks students to develop the word into new meaningful words This method can help students develop thinking skills and develop infinitive words After that, students will get

a more basic vocabulary

For example:

Teach - Teacher

Drive - Driver

Work - Worker

f Practice new words as daily routines

Teachers should guide students to take a little bit of time about 20-30 minutes to learn new words every day rather than spend more time studying all day but not effective By this way, students can review some certain words many times, thereby will help them remember longer

i Write new words (each student must have a notebook to write new words)

With the above learning methods, it is only applicable for students with a sense of self-study, and for some students who are nothard working at home, teachers will be difficult to control So this method requires students to write new words of each lesson from 5-10 lines and memorize them, then give notebooks to teachers to check and score By this way, teachers can control students 'learning at home throughfixing new word errors, although it takes teachers lot of time, but the results are very positive

Solution 5 : Apply language games in vocabulary teaching

Applying a number of language games by integrating into the lessons not only creates a comfortable, exciting, engaging to students, but also makes the lesson more lively and effective, and get a natural relationship in communication between teachers and students

In the lessons, I regularly apply the following games to introduce vocabulary and check their vocabulary learning

a Bingo.

For example:

Apply for – Unit 11: What’s the weather with you? Lesson 1 ( 1,2,3) -Teacher write some single or phrase words on the board related to health:

- a headache

- sore throat

- a cough

- a toothache

- fever

- matter.

- Students write 4 words on their notebooks

- Teacher read the words on the board in different orders

- Students listen to the teacher reading and tick the words they hear from the teacher

- If any student tick 4 words completely, saying “Bingo”

- Teacher will ask her or him to read 4 those words

b Guessing from context

For example:

- Ask students to observe the picture and listen to the teacher reading

- Read the sentences under each picture: “My name’s Mai I’m from Vietnam ; My name’s Alan I’m from Singapore; My name’s Linda I’m from England ; My name’s Peter I’m from the America …”

-Ask students to guess the meaning of the word “from” in each sentence

and translate it into Vietnamese to see if the meaning of the word is logical with the sentences

c Jumbler words.

For example:

Apply for – Unit 10: What will the weather be like? Lesson 2 : 1,2,3 page 54

- Teacher writes 4 disordered words about the seasonson the board

1 singpr = Spring ; 2.umsrem = summer

3 nmtauu = autumn; 4 terniw = winter

- Ask students rearrange the order of those words

- Ask 2 – 3 of them to give their answers

d Networks

For example:

Apply for – Unit 13: What do you do in your free time? Lesson 2: 1,2,3 Page 2