Following were the Clupeiformes order with 8 species 9.76%, the catfish order Siluriformes with 7 species 8.54%, the Flounder order Pleuronetiformes with 5 species 6.10%, respectively..
Trang 1
ISBN: 978-604-913-162-2
BÁO CÁO KHOA HỌC HỘI THẢO VAST – IRD VỀ KHOA HỌC BIỂN
PROCEEDINGS OF VAST – IRD SYMPOSIUM ON MARINE SCIENCE
NHÀ XUẤT BẢN KHOA HỌC TỰ NHIÊN VÀ CÔNG NGHỆ
Trang 2PRELIMINARY RECORDS OF BIODIVERSITY OF FISH FAUNA
IN THE COASTAL ZONE OF BAC LIEU PROVINCE, VIETNAM
Nguyen Xuan Dong
Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology (VAST)
1 SUMMARY
The project was carried out from 2010 to 2011 There were 82 species, belonging to 45 families of 14 orders recorded from 300 collected specimens Perciformes was the most dominant order with 46 species (56.10% of total species) Following were the Clupeiformes order with 8 species (9.76%), the catfish order (Siluriformes) with 7 species (8.54%), the Flounder order (Pleuronetiformes) with 5 species (6.10%), respectively The other orders are only consisted one to three species (in the range of 1.22-3.66%) In total of 82 species,
5 species are listed in the Vietnam Red list (2007) and two others are listed in the IUCN Red list (2012) Especially, two species listed in the IUCN Red list did not
listed in the Vietnam Red list (2007) These species are Flapnose ray – Rhinoptera
javanica and Ribbontail stingray –Taeniura lymma Although these two fishes are
still not listed in Vietnam Red list (2007) but they are considered as rare species in the world Therefore, they should be suggested to be in the list of the Vietnam Red List
Keywords: Biodiversity, Fish fauna, Coastal zone, Bac Lieu province
2 INTRODUCTION
The coastal zone of Bac Lieu province was covered about approximate 4,142 ha They play a crucial role in economic development and a socio-balanced ecological environment throughout the region Mangrove areas are always subject
to the tide regime
Mangrove ecosystems have very high biodiversity because of their transitional position between land and sea environments The amount of humus rich residue of the mangrove forest provides an abundant food source for many aquatic animals It is where many marine species of high economic value such as shrimp, crab, oysters, clams and fishes, etc are found
For nearly two decades, brackish water shrimps and fish aquaculture developed in the Bac Lieu coastal zone The massive development of shrimp and fish farming in mangrove forests is a factor very seriously impacting the management planning and sustainable exploitation of coastal resources in the Bac Lieu province, but also results in reduced area and quality of mangrove forests, altering the environmental soil and water as well as ecological system Biodiversity is likely to be rapidly declining due to lack of suitable conditions for the species to live and breed, the environmental change due to climate, coastal landslides, sea level rise and ecological imbalance
Trang 3Until now, we are not found any research to investigate biodiversity in the Bac Lieu coastal zone This study aims to provide a preliminary data of biodiversity of fish fauna to setup database for the next researchs in the Bac Lieu coastal zone
3 MATERIALS AND METHODS
The samples were collected from February, 2010 to January, 2011, with four surveys along to the Bac Lieu coastal zone (belong to Dong Hai, Hoa Binh districts and Bac Lieu city) All specimens were collected by normal equipments
of fisherman such as nets, trawl nets, inshore stake trap net, mangrove stake trap net, dai, etc Specimens were also collected in local market, ferry for fish, buying form fisherman, etc
The specimens were taken photo, short description of shape character and fixedness with 5-8% formalin
Specimens were identified and classified (order, family, genus and species), with reference to Mai Dinh Yen et al (1992) [1], Nguyen Van Hao (2005) [2], Rainboth (1996) [3], FAO (1999, 2001) [4, 5], Nguyen Huu Phung (2001) [6], Nguyen Khac Huong (2000) [7], Nguyen Nhat Thi (2000) [8], etc List species was ordered to classified system of Eschmeyer (1998) [9]
4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 The composition of marine fishes in Bac Lieu coastal area
Through four surveys during 2010-2011 in Bac Lieu coastal zone, 82 species of marine fishes were collected and identified which belonged to 45 families of 14 orders in the survey area Checklist of marine fishes in the Bac Lieu coastal area is presented in table 1
Table 1: Checklist of marine fishes collected in the Bac Lieu coastal zone
No Scientific names
Surveyed sites and collected time Dong Hai Hoa Binh Bac Lieu
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
I RAJIFORMES
1 Dasyatidae
1 Taeniura lymma (Forsskål, 1775) *
2 Himantura signifer Compagno& Roberts, 1982 * * * * *
2 Myliobatidae
3 Rhinoptera javanica Müller &Henle, 1841 *
II ELOPIFORMES
3 Megalopidae
4 Megalops cyprinoides (Broussonet, 1782) * * *
4 Elopidae
5 Elops saurus Linnaeus, 1766 * * * * * *
Trang 4III ANGUILLIFORMES
5 Muraenesocidae
6 Congresox talabon (Cuvier, 1849) * * * * * * * * * * * *
6 Ophichthidae
7 Pisodonophis boro (Hamilton, 1822) * * * * * *
IV CLUPEIFORMES
7 Clupeidae
8 Clupeichthys goniognathus Bleeker, 1855 * * * * * * * * * * * *
9 Clupeoides borneensis Bleeker, 1851 * * * * * * * * * * * *
10 Anodontostoma chacunda (Hamilton, 1822) * * * * *
8 Engraulidae
11 Setipinna taty (Valenciennes, 1848) * * * * * * * * * * * *
12 Coilia mystus Linnaeus, 1775 * * * * * * * * * *
13 Coilia rebentischii Bleeker, 1858 * * * * * * * * * *
14 Coilia macrognathos Bleeker, 1852 * * * * * * * *
15 Coilia reynaldi Valenciennes, 1848 * * * * * * * * *
V SILURIFORMES
9 Bagridae
16 Mystus wolffii (Bleeker, 1851) *
10 Pangasiidae
17 Pangasius krempfi Fang &Chaux, 1942 * * * * * * *
18 Pangasius polyuranodon Bleeker, 1852 * * *
11 Ariidae
19 Arius caelatus Valenciennes, 1840 * * * * * *
20 Arius maculatus (Thunberg, 1791) * * * * * * *
21 Osteogeneiosus militaris ( Linnaeus, 1758) * * * * * *
12 Plotosidae
22 Plotosus canius Hamilton, 1822 * * * * * * * * * * *
VI AULOPIFORMES
13 Synodontidae
23 Harpadon nehereus Hamilton, 1822 * * * * * * * * * * VII BATRACHOIDIFORMES
14 Batrachoididae
24 Allenbatrachus grunniens (Linnaeus, 1758) * * *
VIII ATHERINIFORMES
15 Aplocheilidae
25 Aplocheilus panchax (Hamilton, 1922) * * * * * * * * * *
16 Poeciliidae
26 Gambusia affinis (Gaird& Birard,1853) * * * * * * *
IX BELONIFORMES
17 Hemiramphidae
Trang 527 Zenarchopterus ectuntio (Hamilton, 1822) * * * * * * * *
X SYNBRANCHIFORMES
18 Synbranchidae
28 Ophisternon bengalensis McClelland, 1844 * * *
XI SCORPAENIFORMES
19 Platycephalidae
29 Platycephalus indicus (Linnaeus, 1758) * * * * * * * * * * * XII PERCIFORMES
20 Centropomidae
30 Lates calcarifer (Bloch, 1790) * * * * * * * * * * * *
21 Ambassidae
31 Parambassis wolffii (Bleeker), 1851 * * *
22 Teraponidae
32 Terapon jarbua (Forsskăl, 1775) * * * * * * * * * *
23 Sillaginidae
33 Sillago sihama (Forsskăl, 1775) * * * * * * * * * * * *
24 Leiognathidae
34 Leiognathus equulus (Forskăl, 1775) * * * * * * *
35 Secutor insidiator (Bloch, 1787) * * *
26 Lutijanidae
36 Lutjanus russellii (Bleeker, 1849) * * * * *
37 Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskăl, 1775) *
38 Datnioides polota (Hamilton, 1822) *
27 Gerreidae
39 Gerres filamentosus Cuvier, 1829 * * * * * * * * * * *
40 Gerres limbatus Cuvier, 1830 * * * * * *
28 Haemulidae
41 Pomadasys maculatus (Bloch, 1793) * * * * * *
42 Pomadasys hasta (Bloch, 1790) * * * * *
29 Sparidae
43 Acanthpagrus berda (Forskăl, 1775) * * * * * * *
30 Sciaenidae
44 Boesmania microlepis (Bleeker 1858) * * * * * * * *
45 Nibea soldado (Lacépède 1802) * * * * * * * * *
46 Bahaba taipingensis (Herre, 1932) * * * * * * * * *
31 Polynemidae
47 Eleutheronema tetradactylum (Shaw, 1804) * * * * * * * * * * * *
48 Polynemus paradiseus Linnaeus, 1758 * * * * * *
32 Toxotoidae
49 Toxotes charareus (Hamilton, 1822) *
33 Drepanidae
Trang 650 Drepane punctatus (Linnaeus, 1758) * * * * *
34 Stromateidae
51 Pampus chinensis (Euphrasen, 1788) * * * * * * * * * *
35 Mugillidae
52 Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758 * * * * * * * * * * * *
53 Valamugil cunnesius (Valenciennes, 1836) * * *
54 Liza tade (Forsskăl, 1775) * * * * * * * *
36 Eleotridae
55 Eleotris fusca (Schneider & Forster, 1801) * * * * *
56 Butis butis (Hamilton, 1822) * * * * * *
57 Ophiocaraporo cephala (Valenciennes, 1837) *
58 Oxyeleotris siamensis (Gỹnther, 1861) * * * * * * *
37 Gobiidae
59 Acentrogobius viridipunctatus (Valenciennes, 1837) * * * * * * * * *
60 Acentrogobius chlorotigmatoides (Bleeker, 1849) * *
61 Acentrogobius caninus (Valenciennes, 1837) * *
62 Glossogobius punctatus (Richardson, 1838) * * * * *
63 Glossogobiu saureus Akihito & Meguro, 1975 * * * *
64 Pseudogobiopsis oligactis (Bleeker, 1875) * * * * * *
65 Stigmatogobius sadanundio (Hamilton, 1822) * * *
66 Oxuderces dentatus Eydoux&Souleyet, 1850 *
67 Pseudapocryptes elongatus (Cuvier, 1816) * * * * * * * * * *
68 Pseudapocryptes borneensis (Bleeker, 1855) * * * * * * * * * *
69 Boleophthalmus boddarti (Pallas, 1770) * * * * * * * * * * * *
70 Periophthalmodon schlosseri (Pallas, 1770) * * * * * * * * * *
71 Caragobioides geomys (Fowler, 1935) * *
72 Taenioides gracilis (Valenciennes, 1837) * * * * * *
38 Scatophagidae
73 Scatophagus argus (Linnaeus, 1776) * * * * * * * * * * * *
39 Trichiuridae
74 Lepturacanthus savala (Cuvier, 1829) * * * * * * *
40 Scombridae
75 Scomberomorus sinensis (Lacepède, 1800) * * XIII PLEURONETIFORMES
41 Paralichthyidae
76 Pseudorhombus cinnassoneus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) * * * *
42 Pleuronectidae
77 Pleuronectes commersonnii Lacépède,1802 * * * * *
43 Cynoglossidae
78 Paraplagusia bilineata (Bloch, 1785) * * * * * * * * * * * *
79 Cynoglossus bilineatus (Lacépède, 1802) * * * * *
Trang 780 Cynoglossus puncticeps (Richardson, 1846) * * VIX TETRAODONTIFORMES
44 Lagocephalidae
81 Takifugu oblongus (Bloch, 1786) * *
45 Tetraodontidae
82 Chelonodon patpoca (Hamilton, 1822) * * *
Total 35 51 54 60 45 50 53 38 29 30 22 52
Notes: (1): 02/2010; (2): 7/2010; (3): 11/2010; (4): 01/2011
In total of 82 collected species, the Perch-like fish order (Perciformes) is the most diverse group, with 46 species, accounts for 56.10% The Herring order (Clupeiformes) is the second-most diverse group, consisting of 8 species (9.76%
of total species collected) The Catfish order (Siluriformes) has 7 species and (8.54%) The Flounder order (Pleuronetiformes) consists of 5 species (6.10%) The Stingray order (Rajiformes) has 3 species (3.66%) Four orders of fish including Eel order (Anguilliformes), Silverside fishes order (Atheriniformes), Tarpon order (Elopiformes) and the Pufferfish order (Tetraodontiformes) has only two species (2.44%) Five other orders of fishes consist of one species (1.22%) Number of species is presented in table 2 and fig 1
Table 2: Number of species, genus, family and their rates
3 Anguilliformes 2 4.44 2 3.03 2 2.44
7 Batrachoidiformes 1 2.22 1 1.52 1 1.22
8 Atheriniformes 2 4.44 2 3.03 2 2.44
10 Synbranchiformes 1 2.22 1 1.52 1 1.22
11 Scorpaeniformes 1 2.22 1 1.52 1 1.22
12 Perciformes 21 46.67 36 54.55 46 56.10
13 Pleuronetiformes 3 6.67 4 6.06 5 6.10
14 Tetraodontiformes 2 4.44 2 3.03 2 2.44
Trang 8Fig 1: Number of fish species in each order
In terms of family diversity, of the 45 families of fish collected, the most diverse order of fish is the Perch-like fish order (Perciformes) which consists of
21 families and accounts for 46.67% The Catfish order (Siluriformes) consists of
4 families and accounts for 8.89% Other orders of marine fishes consist from 1 -
2 families, and account for 2.22% - 4.22%
For genus diversity, 66 genera were recorded, the Perch-like fish order (Perciformes) is the most diverse consisting of 36 genera and accounts for 54.55%
of total genera The Herring (Clupeiformes) and the Catfish orders (Siluriformes), each consists of five genera (7.58%) The Flounder order (Pleuronectiformes) has four genera (6.06%) The Stingray order (Rajiformes) has three genera (4.55%) The other orders vary from 1 – 2 genera in each one (1.52% – 3.03%)
4.2 Rare fish species recorded in the coastal area of the Bac Lieu province
82 species of fishes were recorded and collected in the coastal area of the Bac Lieu province Five of these are listed in the Vietnam Red List (2007) [10] and two others are listed in the IUCN Red List species of threatened fishes [11] The list of rare fish species and the category of their threat is presented in table 3
Trang 9Table 3: List of rare fish species recorded in Bac Lieu coastal zone
No Scientific names Vietnam Red list 2007 IUCN Red list 2012
1 Rhinoptera javanica Müller &Henle, 1841 VU
3 Megalops cyprinoides (Broussonet, 1782) VU
4 Elops saurus Linnaeus, 1766 VU
5 Anodontostoma chacunda (Hamilton, 1822) VU
6 Datnioides polota (Hamilton, 1822) VU
7 Toxotes charareus (Hamilton, 1822) VU
Notes: VU – Vulnerable; NT: Near threatened
Two of the seven recorded rare fish are listed in the IUCN Red List of threatened species, but not listed in the Vietnam Red list (2007) These are the
Flapnose ray – Rhinoptera javanica and Ribbontail stingray –Taeniura lymma
Although these two fishes still be not listed in Vietnam Red list (2007) they are the rare species in the world They should be suggested as rare species in the Red list of Vietnam
5 CONCLUSIONS
82 species of marine fishes were found belonging to 45 families of 14 orders
in the Bac Lieu coastal area In the total 82 species, the most diverse is the Perch-like fish order (Perciformes), with 46 species, accounts for 56.10% of total species The Herring order (Clupeiformes) is the second-most diverse group, consisting of 8 species (9.76%) The Catfish order (Siluriformes) has 7 species and (8.54%) The Flounder order (Pleuronetiformes) consists of 5 species (6.10%) Other orders have number species vary 1-3 species (1.22-3.66%)
In total of 82 recorded species, five of these are listed in Vietnam Red List (2007) and two others are listed in the IUCN Red List species of threatened fishes Two species are listed in the IUCN Red List of threatened species, but not
listed in the Vietnam Red list (2007) They are the Flapnose ray – Rhinoptera
javanica and Ribbontail stingray –Taeniura lymma They should be suggested as
rare species in the Red list of Vietnam
Acknowledgements: I would like to express my heart and thankfulness to
the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit - Bac Lieu (GTZ – Bac Lieu MCE) to support the finance to performance project Thankfulness Mr Phan Van Hoang, coordinator of MCE and Miss Ngo Minh Hang, MCE’s officer in Bac Lieu city Thankfulness the Forest Protection Department’s staffs in Hoa Binh District, fishermen, local traders enthusiastically supported in the survey and collection of samples in the coastal zone of Bac Lieu province I also would like to thank Management for ITB who helped me in all time of this study.
Trang 106 REFERENCES
1 Mai Dinh Yen, Nguyen Van Trong, Nguyen Van Thien, Hua Bach Loan, Le Hoang Yen (1992) Taxonomy
of freshwater fishes in the Southern Vietnam (Định loại các loài cá nước ngọt Nam Bộ) Science and
Technics Publishing house, Hanoi: 350 pp
2 Nguyen Van Hao (2005) Freshwater fishes of Vietnam (Cá nước ngọt Việt Nam), Volume 2+3
Agriculture publishing house, Hanoi,1516 pp
3 Rainboth W J (1996) Fishes of the Cambodian Mekong Food and Agriculture Organization of the
United Nation, Rome: 310 pp
4 Kent E C., Volker H Niem (1999) FAO species identification guide for fishery purpose-The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific, 3+4: 1368-2790
5 Kent E C., Volker H Niem (2001) FAO species identification guide for fishery purpose-The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific, 5+6: 2791-4067
6 Nguyen Huu Phung (2001) Fauna of Vietnam, Volume 10 Science and Technics Publishing house,
Hanoi, 330 pp
7 Nguyen Khac Huong (2000) Fauna of Vietnam (Động vật chí Việt Nam), Volume 12 Science and
Technics Publishing house, Hanoi, 324 pp
8 Nguyen Nhat Thi (2000) Fauna of Vietnam (Động vật chí Việt Nam), Volume 2 Science and Technics
Publishing house, Hanoi, 184 pp
9 Eschemeyer (1998) Catalog Fish California Academy of Sciences, Volume III: 1811-2443
10 Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (2007) Vietnam Red
List (Danh lục Đỏ Việt Nam), part 1: Animals Publishing house for Science and Technology, 210 pp
11 http://www.iucnredlist.org/