Nội dung test bank Giới thiệu về Giải phẫu và Sinh lý học, Cấp độ tổ chức hóa học, Cấp độ tổ chức tế bào, Cấp độ tổ chức, Hệ thống tích hợp, Cấu trúc xương và xương, Bộ xương trục, Bộ xương ruột thừa, Khớp, Mô cơ, Hệ thống cơ bắp , Mô thần kinh, Tủy sống, Thần kinh cột sống và Phản xạ cột sống, Thần kinh não và sọ, Đường dẫn truyền cảm giác và Hệ thần kinh Somatic, Hệ thần kinh tự chủ và Chức năng bậc cao, Các giác quan đặc biệt, Hệ thống nội tiết, Máu Tim, mạch máu và tuần hoàn, hệ thống bạch huyết và miễn dịch, hệ hô hấp, hệ tiêu hóa, trao đổi chất, dinh dưỡng và năng lượng, hệ thống tiết niệu, chất lỏng, chất điện giải và cân bằng axit, hệ thống sinh sản
Trang 1Multiple Choice Questions
1) Muscleȱtissue,ȱoneȱofȱtheȱfourȱbasicȱtissueȱgroups,ȱconsistsȱchieflyȱofȱcellsȱthatȱareȱhighlyspecializedȱfor
Trang 25) NervesȱandȱbloodȱvesselsȱthatȱserviceȱaȱmuscleȱfiberȱareȱlocatedȱinȱtheȱconnectiveȱtissuesȱofȱitsA) endomysium.
Trang 1144) Theȱmostȱimportantȱfactorȱinȱdecreasingȱtheȱintracellularȱconcentrationȱofȱcalciumȱionȱaftercontractionȱis
Trang 1248) Theȱproteinȱthatȱregulatesȱmuscleȱcontractionȱbyȱcontrollingȱtheȱavailabilityȱofȱactiveȱsitesȱonactinȱisȱcalled
Trang 1457) InȱtheȱmyofibrilȱtheȱproteinȱthatȱpossessesȱtheȱactiveȱsiteȱforȱmyosinȱheadsȱtoȱbindȱisȱcalledA) titin.
Trang 1770) Theȱcytoplasmȱofȱtheȱneuromuscularȱterminalȱcontainsȱvesiclesȱfilledȱwithȱmoleculesȱofȱtheneurotransmitter
Trang 1874) AȱpatientȱtakesȱaȱmedicationȱthatȱblocksȱAChȱreceptorsȱofȱskeletalȱmuscleȱfibers.ȱWhatȱisȱthisdrugȇsȱeffectȱonȱskeletalȱmuscleȱcontraction?
Trang 2187) Ifȱaȱsecondȱstimulusȱarrivesȱbeforeȱtheȱrelaxationȱphaseȱhasȱended,ȱaȱsecond,ȱmoreȱpowerfulcontractionȱoccurs.ȱThisȱadditionȱofȱoneȱtwitchȱtoȱanotherȱisȱcalled
Trang 2389) Whatȱisȱthoughtȱtoȱhappenȱinȱaȱmuscleȱduringȱtheȱresponseȱshownȱinȱgraphȱ(a)?A) Itȱisȱstrengtheningȱwithȱexercise.
B) Thereȱisȱaȱgradualȱincreaseȱinȱcalciumȱionȱconcentrationȱinȱtheȱsarcoplasm.C) Itȱisȱfatiguedȱandȱmustȱmakeȱrepeatedȱeffortsȱtoȱtwitchȱnormally
Trang 2599) Theȱincreaseȱinȱmuscleȱtensionȱthatȱisȱproducedȱbyȱincreasingȱtheȱnumberȱofȱactiveȱmotorȱunitsisȱcalled
Trang 27108) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱallowsȱmusclesȱtoȱreturnȱtoȱtheirȱoriginalȱshapeȱduringȱrelaxation?A) gravity
Trang 29LearningȱOutcome: 10-8
BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering
121) Large-diameter,ȱdenselyȱpackedȱmyofibrils,ȱlargeȱglycogenȱreserves,ȱandȱfewȱmitochondriaareȱcharacteristicsȱof
Trang 30122) Whichȱofȱtheȱfollowingȱtypesȱofȱmuscleȱfibersȱareȱbestȱadaptedȱforȱprolongedȱcontractionȱsuchasȱstandingȱallȱday?
Trang 31A) skeletalȱmuscleNepimysium;ȱmuscleȱfascicleNperimysium;ȱmuscleȱfiberNendomysium;myofibrilNȱsarcoplasmicȱreticulum
B) skeletalȱmuscleNsarcoplasmicȱreticulum;ȱmuscleȱfascicleNepimysium;ȱmuscleȱfiberNperimysium;ȱmyofibrilNendomysium
C) skeletalȱmuscleNendomysium;ȱmuscleȱfascicleNepimysium;ȱmuscleȱfiberNperimysium;myofibrilNȱsarcoplasmicȱreticulum
D) skeletalȱmuscleNendomysium;ȱmuscleȱfascicleNperimysium;ȱmuscleȱfiberNsarcoplasmicreticulum;ȱmyofibrilNepimysium
E) skeletalȱmuscleNepimysium;ȱmuscleȱfascicleNendomysium;ȱmuscleȱfiberNperimysium;myofibrilNȱsarcoplasmicȱreticulum
Trang 324) WhichȱskeletalȱmuscleȱfiberȱtypeNslowȱorȱfastNcontainsȱmoreȱmitochondria?ȱ(Figureȱ10-21)A) slow
LearningȱOutcome: 10-4
BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding
2) Aȱhypotheticalȱgeneticȱdiseaseȱcausesȱtheȱbodyȱtoȱproduceȱantibodiesȱthatȱcompeteȱwith
acetylcholineȱforȱreceptorsȱonȱtheȱmotorȱendȱplate.ȱPatientsȱwithȱthisȱdiseaseȱexhibitȱvaryingdegreesȱofȱmuscleȱweaknessȱinȱtheȱaffectedȱmuscles.ȱIfȱyouȱcouldȱadministerȱaȱdrugȱthat
inhibitsȱacetylcholinesteraseȱorȱaȱdrugȱthatȱblocksȱacetylcholine,ȱwhichȱoneȱwouldȱyouȱuseȱtoalleviateȱtheseȱsymptoms?
Answer: Thisȱisȱaȱcaseȱofȱcompetitionȱbetweenȱacetylcholineȱandȱtheȱantibody.ȱToȱmakeȱthe
patientȇsȱacetylcholineȱmoreȱeffective,ȱaȱdrugȱthatȱinhibitsȱacetylcholinesteraseȱwouldslowȱtheȱbreakdownȱofȱacetylcholine,ȱrelievingȱsomeȱofȱtheȱweakness.ȱAnȱacetylcholineblockerȱwouldȱbeȱworseȱthanȱdoingȱnothing
LearningȱOutcome: 10-6
BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Remembering
Trang 334) ThirtyȱminutesȱafterȱMaryȱhasȱcompletedȱaȱ25 -kmȱrace,ȱsheȱbeginsȱtoȱnoticeȱsevereȱmusclesorenessȱandȱstiffnessȱinȱherȱlegs.ȱHerȱurineȱisȱdarkȱcolored.ȱSheȱwondersȱwhetherȱsheȱmayhaveȱdamagedȱherȱmusclesȱduringȱtheȱrace.ȱSheȱvisitsȱtheȱER,ȱandȱtheȱdoctorȱordersȱseveralbloodȱtests.ȱWhatȱkindȱofȱbloodȱtestsȱcanȱhelpȱdetermineȱwhetherȱmuscleȱdamageȱhas
occurred?
Answer: Ifȱmuscleȱdamageȱoccurred,ȱtheȱdoctorȱwouldȱfindȱenzymesȱsuchȱasȱcreatineȱkinaseȱand
proteinsȱsuchȱasȱmyoglobinȱorȱtroponinȱinȱtheȱbloodstreamȱreleasedȱbyȱinjuredȱskeletalmuscleȱcells.ȱTheȱlevelȱofȱtheseȱsubstancesȱcorrelatesȱwithȱtheȱseverityȱofȱtheȱinjury
LearningȱOutcome: 10-7
BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying
5) Meganȱwantsȱtoȱenterȱaȱweight-liftingȱcompetitionȱandȱconsultsȱyouȱasȱtoȱwhatȱtypeȱofȱmusclefibersȱsheȱneedsȱtoȱdevelopȱandȱhowȱsheȱshouldȱgoȱaboutȱit.ȱWhatȱwouldȱyouȱsuggestȱtoȱher?Answer: Weightȱliftingȱrequiresȱanaerobicȱendurance.ȱMeganȱwouldȱwantȱtoȱdevelopȱherȱfast
fibersȱforȱshort-termȱmaximumȱstrength.ȱSheȱwouldȱachieveȱthisȱbyȱengagingȱinactivitiesȱthatȱinvolveȱfrequent,ȱbrief,ȱbutȱintensiveȱworkouts,ȱsuchȱasȱwithȱheavyweightsȱtoȱtheȱpointȱofȱmuscleȱfatigue.ȱTheȱfatigueȱtriggersȱtheȱproductionȱofȱnewmyofilamentȱproteins,ȱleadingȱtoȱmuscleȱbulkȱandȱstrength
LearningȱOutcome: 10-8
BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Applying
6) Manyȱvisceralȱsmoothȱmuscleȱcellsȱlackȱmotorȱneuronȱinnervation.ȱHowȱareȱtheirȱcontractionscoordinatedȱandȱcontrolled?
Answer: Gapȱjunctionsȱinterconnectȱvisceralȱsmoothȱmuscleȱfibers.ȱAnȱactionȱpotentialȱthat
beginsȱinȱoneȱwillȱspreadȱtoȱitsȱsurroundingȱneighbors.ȱTheȱactionȱpotentialȱcanȱbetriggeredȱbyȱstretching,ȱhormones,ȱchemicalȱchanges,ȱorȱstimulationȱatȱaȱmyoneuraljunctionȱonȱaȱdistantȱsmoothȱmuscleȱcell
LearningȱOutcome: 10-10
BloomȇsȱTaxonomy: Understanding