TÀI LIỆU ÔN TẬP THI THPT QG MÔN TIẾNG ANH CÓ ĐÁP ÁN CHI TIẾTGiúp người học nhanh chóng hệ thống hóa toàn bộ kiến thức ngữ pháp căn bản môn tiếng Anh, đặc biệt là học sinh đang ôn tập luyện thi THPT Quốc gia theo cấu trúc bài thi của Bộ GDĐT.
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1
1 S S SO O OU U UN N ND D DS S S
CÁCH PHÁT ÂM "S/ ES" CUỐI : trong trường hợp danh từ số nhiều nhiều hoặc động từ số ít.
s / - Sau các phụ âm vô thanh (voiceless consonants): /f/, /k/, /p/, /t/ ,//,/h/
Ex: laughs, walks, cups, cats, tenths; books
/ iz / - Sau một phụ âm gió : /z/, /s/, /dz/, / t∫/, / ∫ /, /z/ Hoặc các chữ cái: s, x, z, ch, sh, ce, ge
Ex: washes , kisses , oranges…
// / z / Không thuộc hai loại trên Ex: bags , kids , days …
Ngọai lệ:
- Chữ s đọc / z /sau các từ : bu s y, plea s e, ea s y, pre s ent, de s ire, mu s ic, plea s ant, de s ert, choo s e, rea s on, pre s erve, poi s on
- Chữ s đọc /'∫/ sau các từ s ugar, s ure
EXERCISE
10 A delays B begins C attracts D believes 2018
11 A improves B destroys C suggests D reminds 2018
12 A wonders B problems C mountains D moments 2018
CÁCH PHÁT ÂM “ –ED” CUỐI :
1 “-ed ” pronounced as / id /: sau / t, d / : Thường sau chữ t, d : Ex: wanted; decided
2 “-ed ” pronounced as / t /: sau / k, f, p, s, ∫, t∫, h ,/ hoặc chữ p, k, f, th, s, sh, ch :.Ex: asked; stopped; laughed
3 “-ed ” pronounced as / d / : Trừ 2 trường hợp trên : Ex: moved; played; raised
Ngọai lệ: Đuôi -ed trong các tính từ sau được phát âm /id/: aged, learned, beloved, blessed, naked,,
EXERCISE
9 A supported B approached C noticed D finished TN 2015
BÀI TẬP VỀ CÁC NGUYÊN ÂM VÀ CÁC PHỤ ÂM KHÁC :
1 A message B sausage C teenage D passage TN 2011
2 A describe B punish C infectious D efficient TN 2011
3 A Christmas B characteristic C chemical D challenge TN 2011
4 A choice B achieve C each D chemistry
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7: A breath B breathe C thank D threat
10 A motion B question C mention D fiction
11 A apply B university C identity D early
2
2 S S ST T TR R RE E ES S SS S S Một số qui tắc nhấn âm cơ bản:
- Từ có 2 âm tiết: Động từ thường nhấn âm 2; Danh/ Tính/ Trạng từ thường nhấn âm 1
Ngoại lệ: Verbs: 'answer, 'enter, 'happen, 'offer; Nouns: po'lice, ad'vice, ma'chine, mis'take; Adj: a'lone, a'mazed, …
- Những đuôi nhận âm nhấn (Nhấn tại các âm đuôi): -ee, - eer, -oo,-ese, -ique, -esque, -ain.
Ex: ag'ree, volun'teer, Vietna'mese, re'tain, main'tain, u'nique, pictu'resque, engi'neer…
- Âm nhấn đặt ngay trước các tổ hợp âm: –ic, ish, ical, sion, tion, ance, ence, idle, ious, iar, ience,
-id, -eous, -acy, -ian, -ity
EXERCISE
1 A appalling B mechanic C November D architect
2 A symbolize B encounter C determine D diploma
3 A agriculture B referee C personality D mathematics
4 A apology B compulsory C Industry D Disaster
5 A interview B certificate C.applicant D primary
6 A certificate B apartment C individual D biology
7 A effective B important C historic D National TN 2013
8 A energetic B significant C competition D overwhelming
9 A competition B intelligent C automation D information
11 A importance B subtraction C algebra D example
12: A threaten B collect C begin D destroy TN 2012
13 A terrific B applicant C Continue D ignorant
14 A significant B convenient C fashionable D traditional
15 A personality B appropriate C information D entertainment
16: A natural B computer C animal D educate TN 2012
18 A catastrophe B agriculture C dictionary D supervisor
19.A reliable B preservative C intellectual D conventional 2014
20 A.customer B computer C energy D property 2014 21: A recipe B candidate C instrument D commitment 2015
23: A advantageous B oceanic C compulsory D influential THPT 2015
28 A difficult B popular C effective D national
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36: A apartment B.benefit C.argument D vacancy
38: A president B.opponent C assistant D companion
PART 2: GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES
I
I A A AR R RT T TI I IC C CL L LE E ES S S
1 Mạo từ xác định “The” đề cập:
- Người/ vật được nhắc đến lần thứ 2 trở đi
- Cái mà người nói lẫn người nghe đều biết
- Vật duy nhất: the sun, the earth, the moon
- Các dụng cụ âm nhạc, các đại dương, dãy núi, sa mạc
- Danh từ theo sau là một “of + cụm danh từ” hoặc một
mệnh đề quan hệ
- Câu so sánh nhất, so sánh kép
2 Indefinite article “a/ an” đề cập:
- Một danh từ chung chung “ONE”
- Cấu trúc cảm thán: “What a/ an + adj; Such a/an + adj”
- Chỉ nghề nghiệp: worrk as a/ an + nghề nghiệp
3 Không dùng mạo từ khi:
- Trước tên quốc gia, tên các ngôn ngữ, các bữa ăn, phương tiện đi lại,các ngọn núi, ao hồ…
Chí ý: The United States, The Neitherlands, The United Kingdom…
EXERCISE: Choose the best answer to complete the sentences
1 book you ordered last week is now in stock
2 Reading books is still one of _ most popular forms of entertainment
A an B the C any D a
3 We often go to school by bicycle A a B an C the D Ø
A badminton B the badminton C one badminton D a badminton
5 I bought umbrella to go out in the rain A a B an C the D Ø
6 My daughter is learning to play violin at her school
7 I need time to think about offer you made me
8 We can finish the rest of the bread for breakfast
9 Our neighbor has cat and dog
10 There was accident yesterday at corner of street
A a/ the/ the B an/ a/ a C an/ the/ the D the/ Ø / Ø
11 Reading books is still one of _ most popular forms of entertainment
A an B the C any D a TN 2011
12 Can anyone give me hand, please because I have just fallen over?
13 She always said that when she grew up she wanted to be
14 president of the United States will be visiting Australia next week
15 More and more investors are pouring money into food and beverage start-ups
Trang 4• IN (trong, vào) • AT (vào lúc/ tại) • ON (vào)
• FOR (trong) + khoảng thời gian: for two months • SINCE (từ, từ khi) + mốc t/ gian: since 2002
• UNTIL/ TILL (đến, cho đến): till midnight • FROM … TO (từ … đến): from morning to noon
• BEFORE (trước, trước khi): before lunchtime • AFTER (sau, sau khi): after luchtime
• DURING (trong, suốt): during World War II • BY (tính đến): by the end of May
• ABOVE/ OVER (bên trên – không tiếp xúc với bề mặt) • UNDER/ BELOW (ở dưới, dưới)
• IN FRONT OF (ở phía trước), BEHIND (ở phía sau), • IN THE MIDDLE OF (ở giữa)
• BETWEEN (ở giữa hai người/ vật), • AMONG (ở giữa nhiều người/ vật)
* Một số giới từ khác:
- Giới từ chỉ mục đích: for, to, in order to, so as to (để)
- Giới từ chỉ nguyên nhân: for, because of, owning to (bởi vì)
- Giới từ chỉ phương tiện: by, with (bằng), through (nhờ qua)
- Giới từ chỉ thể cách: with ( với), without (không có)
- Giới từ chỉ sự tương quan: according to (tùy theo), instead of (thay vì), in spite of (mặc dù)
II: PHRASAL VERBS:
1 apply to (+ người)/ for (công việc): nộp đơn xin
2 ask for: hỏi xin
3 break into: enter : đột nhập vào
4 cary out: triển khai
5 catch up / catch up with : bắt kịp , theo kịp
6 cheer up: làm vui vẻ
7 come across: tình cờ phát hiện
8 come along with = accompany: tháp tùng
9 come out = turn out/ appear: hóa ra
10 cool off ( nhiệt tình ) nguội lạnh đi , giảm đi
11 die out/ off: become extict: tiệt chủng
12 dress up: trang trí/ ăn diện
13 fall behind : thụt lui , tụt lại đằng sau
14 fill in : điền vào , ghi vào
15 get along with: hòa hợp với= get on (well) with
16 get on = put on mặc quần áo
17 get over : vượt qua, khắc phục = recover from
18 get up : thức dậy
19 give in : nhượng bộ , chịu thua
20 give up = stop : từ bỏ , bỏ
21 go away : biến mất , tan đi
22 go in : vào , đi vào
23 go off ( chuông ) : reo , ( súng , bom ) : nổ, ( đèn ) tắt
, ( máy móc ) : hư = explode/ blow up
24 go on = continue : tiếp tục = keep on/ cary on
25 go out ( ánh sáng , lửa , đèn ) : tắt
26 go up : trưởng thành/ tăng lên = grow up
27 go down : (giá cả) : giảm xuống
28 go after : theo đuổi
29 go by ( thời gian ) : trôi qua
30 go over (test/ essay): read carefully: đọc kỹ
31 hurry up : làm gấp
32 keep up/ pace with : theo kịp = catch up with
33 loose touch/ contact with: mất liên lạc
34 laugh at: cười nhạo
35 lie down : nằm nghỉ
36 look after : chăm sóc = take care of
37 look up : tìm , tra cứu ( book/ dictionary )
38 look for : tìm kiếm = search for
39 look down on/ upon: khinh thường
40 prevent …from + V-ing: ngăn ngừa khỏi …
41 put on : mặc ( quần áo ) , mang ( giày ) , đội ( mũ)
42 stare at: trừng, nhìn chằm vào
43 glance at: liếc
44 speak up : nói to , nói thẳng
45 take after = resemble : giống
46 take off : cởi ( quần áo , giày , mũ ) ; cất cánh
47 try out : thử = test
48 turn off : khóa , tắt ( đèn , máy móc , động cơ …)
49 turn on = switch on/ off
50 turn up = arrive/ appear: đến/ xuất hiện
51 turn round : quay lại , thay đổi hướng
52 try on : mặc thử ( quần áo)
53 wait up ( for ) : thức đợi ai
54 wash up : rửa bát đĩa
55 think over: xem xét
56 think of: nghĩ về
57 watch out : đề phòng , chú y
58 Put off= delay/ pospone = hold up
59 look out = be careful
Trang 51 Instead of staying around the house all day, you should be out there looking a job
2 Have you read any books Agatha Christie?
11 Stuart: Good heaven! It‟s Nick Jenkins, isn‟t it? I don‟t believe it!
Nick: Stuart! I haven‟t seen you we left school
12 A large number of inventions and discoveries have been made accident THPT 2015
16 Don‟t go too fast I can‟t keep _ you A on to B on with C up to D up with
17 “This library card will give you free access the Internet eight hours a day.”
18 The initiative for founding the Red Cross came _ a Swiss man called Jean Henri Dunant
19 We received a call from the teacher charge of our course
20.We are worried _ the current situation of enviromental pollution in our country TN 2014
A of B on C about D at
B PHRASAL VERBS
1.The young lady sat still in the afternoon breeze , with her hair _her back ĐH 2014
A running over B fallen against C flowed down D streaming down
2 We should join hands to make our city green, clean , elegant TN 2014
A work together B take action C put together D make decisions
3 To save energy, we should rememberto the lights before going out TN 2013
4 The nurse has to _ at the midnight
5 There is an inflation The prices
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A are going on B are going down C are going over D are going up
6 Remember to _ your shoes when you are in a Japanese house
7 You can the new words in the dictionary
8 It‟s cold outside your coat
9 Frank never turns up on time for a meeting
10 Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today
11 My father still hasn‟t really recovered from the death of my mother
12 The bomb exploded with a loud bang which could be heard all over the town
13 John, could you look after my handbag while I go out for a minute
14 Bill seems unhappy in his job because he doesn‟t get _ his boss
15 While I was looking through my old albums the other day, I this photograph of my parents‟ wedding
A made up B came across C took after D turned down ĐH 2014
16 We‟re already bought the house but won‟t it until May,when the present occupants have moved out
A keep track of B gain recognition of C take possession of D catch sight of ĐH 2014
17 The government hopes to _ its plans for introducing cable TV
18 While I was looking through my old albums the other day, I _ this photograph of my parent‟s wedding
19 I was born in Scotland but I in Northern Ireland
21 I could hear voices but I couldn‟t what they were saying ĐH 2014
A bring about B make out C turn up D try out
22 I woke up when the alarm clock
23 I agree with most of what you said, but I can‟t stand your idea of letting children leave school at 14
A go along with B keep up with C put up with D catch up with
24: He is doing very badly but he tries to appearances
25 I know we had an argument, but not I‟d quite like to………
26 I‟m sorry, but I just can‟t your behaviour any longer
27 What chemical is this? It's _ a horrible smell
28 Learning English isn't so difficult once you _
29 The teacher asked a difficult question, but finally Ted……….a good answer
30 It is very important for a firm or a company to keep the changes in the market
31 The forecast has revealed that the world‟s reserves of fossil fuel will have by 2015
32 She had to borrow her sister‟s car because hers was
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33 John has finally found a new job after being for three months THPT 2015
A out of order B out of mind C out of work D out of reach
34 Nguyen Thi Anh Vien performed so well in the 28th Sea Games women’s 200m butterfly that none of her rivals could her
A catch up with B look up to C come up to D put up with THPT 2015
35: The Second World War in 1939
36 “We'd better if we want to get there in time.”
37 The teamwere eager to make the loss of the previous match
38 I am sorry I have no time at present to detail of our plan
39 “My secretary will book you an afternoon flight and have you _ at the airport.”
40 We‟re already bought the house but won‟t _ it until May, when the present occupants have moved out
A keep track of B take possession of C gain recognition of D catch sight of
41 He retired early………his bad health
42 I ……….Katie, an old friend of mine, on the way home from work yesterday
43 Would you like a beer? – Not while I‟m _
44 Yes, I agree, but at the same time it‟s not the end of the world
A worth worrying about B worth talking about C worth looking at D worth speaking about
45 When the manager of our company retires, the deputy manager will that position
46 Peter is disappointed at not getting the job, but he will it soon
47 The company management decided to more workers to meet the production schedule
A take on B make out C take over D make up
48 A lot of research in medical science has been to improve human health
49: You shouldn't lose heart; success often comes to those who are not _ by failures
50: The school drama club is a play for the school's anniversary, which is due to take
place next month
51: Many parents tend to make their children study hard in the belief that good education will enable them to
in the future
52: The coastal city is extra buses during the summer because of a considerable
increase in the number of tourists
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Nhận biết
- always, usually, occasionally, often, …
- every : every day, every year…
- once…, twice…, 3 times…
- yesterday
- last : last week, last Sunday…
- ago : two months ago, five years ago…
- in the past
Thì
Dạng PRESENT CONTINUOUS (Hiện Tại tiếp diễn) PAST CONTINUOUS (Quá Khứ tiếp diễn)
Phủ định S + am not / isn’t / aren’t + V-ing S + wasn’t / weren’t + V-ing
Bị động …am / is / are + being + V-ed/3… …was / were + being + V-ed/3…
- When / As + (simple past):
When I came, she was crying
- While :
A dog crossed the road while I was driving
Thì
Dạng PRESENT PERFECT (Hiện Tại hoàn thành) PAST PERFECT (Qúa Khứ hoàn thành)
Nhận biết
- just, already, ever, yet, recent(ly), lately
- since, for : since 1995, for 9 years
- so far, up to now
- after + (past perfect), (simple past)
- before + (simple past), (past perfect)
Thì
Dạng SIMPLE FUTURE (Tương Lai đơn) FUTURE PERFECT (Tương Lai hoàn thành)
1) John …………tennis once or twice a week
A usually B is usually playing C usually plays D have usually played 2) Tom: „I ……… for Christine Do you know where she is ?‟
David: „She has gone out.‟
3) I …………along the street when I suddenly heard footsteps behind me
4) She ……….German for two years
5) As soon as I saw the advertisement, I the house agent TN 2013
6) When I last ………Jane , she ……… to find a job
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A see – trying B saw – was trying C have seen – tried D saw – tried
A has been published B has published C had been published D had published 8) The Olympic Games ………every four years
9) I ………lots about the job so far
10) At present, the new director to foster a culture of open communication within the company 2013
12) When their first child was born , they ……….married for three years
13) We were extremely tired at the end of the journey We …….for more than 24 hours
A.had been traveling B were traveling C have traveled D traveled
14) The man sitting next to me on the plane was nervous because he ……… before
15) There „s plenty of time You ………hurry
16) A few days ago , I ………that Jane ………for New York
A learn – had left B learned – had left C learned – has left D learn – will leave 17) He has been selling motorcycles ………
A ten years ago B since ten years C for last ten years D for ten years 18) Mark was listening to music while his sister ……….a book
19) You ………… here for my party , won‟t you ?
20) She ………music all day Now she feels tired
21 Not until……… himself seriously ill
A he had completed the task did he find B had he completed the task did he find
C had he completed the task he found D did he completed the task he had found
22 Carbon dioxide as one of the main contributors to the greenhouse effect
had identified B had been identified C has been identified D has identified
23 “Could you turn off the stove? The potatoes _ for at least thirty minutes
24 “I‟d rather you home now.”
25 In a few hours, we _ the test, and we‟ll go home and rest
A are finishing B have finished C will have finished D will be finishing
26 I regret going to the cinema I wish I
27 A didn't go there B haven't gone there C hadn't gone there D would By the end of this week, my illness
……… me $100
28 Rodney for the company for very long before he was promoted
A hadn‟t been working B hasn‟t been working C didn‟t used to work D didn‟t work
29 How long ago to learn French?
A did you start B were you starting C have you started D would you start
30 An eyewitness described how ten people _ in the fire
A had been being killed B were killed C had been killed D had killed
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33 Only after she _ from a severe illness did she realise the importance of good health 2018
A would recover B has recovered C.had recovered D was recovering
34 Only after the bus for a few miles did Jane realise she was on the wrong route
35 Linda rarely goes to school by bike, but today she _ a bike
I
IV V V V V VE E ER R RB B B F F FO O OR R RM M MS S S
I Bare infinitive : (bare) động từ nguyên mẫu không “to”
1 Sau modal verb ( động từ khiếm khuyết ), sau auxilary verb : do, does, did
2 Sau make, let, help ( sau help có thể có To inf ) Passive voice dùng to inf theo sau Trừ let
3 Sau động từ chỉ giác quan:(verbs of perception ) : see, hear, smell, feel, taste, watch, notice …
4 Sau had better ( tốt hơn ) would rather ( thà thì hơn ), had sooner
5 Causative form (Thể sai khiến): S + have + object ( chỉ người ) + Vo (bare)
6 Bắt đầu câu mệnh lệnh: ( imprative )
II To infinitive (V1) động từ nguyên mẫu có To)
1 Làm subject V(sing) (review formal subject)
2 It + take+ (object) + time + to inf / S + find it + adj + to-V (inf)
3 Sau một số động từ sau đây:
a Những động từ sau đây, theo sau là to infinitive : S + V + to inf
8 care : quan tâm
9 claim : cho là, tuyên bố
30 seem : dường như
b Những động từ sau đây, theo sau là Obj + to inf: S + V + objective + to inf
1 advise : khuyên
2 allow: cho phép
3 ask : hỏi, đòi hỏi
4 beg : năn nỉ, xin
Note: Teach, explain, know, understand, discover, consider, think, believe + how + to inf :Chỉ cách thức
III Gerund : Danh động từ
A Gerund as a noun ( subj , obj, complement & appositive)
1 Làm chủ ngữ V(sing) ( real subject & informal subject )
2 Sau các giới từ: on, in, at, with …
3 Sau các động từ: love, like, enjoy >< hate, detest, dislike
1 admit : thừa nhận
2 suggest : đề nghị
3 anticipate : tham gia
4 appreciate : đánh giá cao
5 avoid : tránh
6 stop : ngừng, từ bỏ
7 consider : xem xét
8 delay : trì hõan
9 recall : gợi lại, nhớ lại
10 recollect : gợi lại
20 imagine : tưởng tượng
21 involve : làm liên lụy
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22 start : ( hoặc To inf ) 23 keep : tiếp tục 24 mind : phiền
* can‟t bear, can‟t stand, can‟t help
* it is no use, it is no good, there is no use
* look forward to; busy/ worth
*Note: -ING and –ED form : dùng như tính từ hoặc trong mệnh đề rút gọn
EXERCISE
1/ I can‟t afford _ you any more money a borrowing b to borrow c to lend d my lending
2/ Most parents do not allow their children out late TN 2012
3/ “ Stacey seems like a bright student ” - “ She‟s always the first her work.”
a to finish b finishing c to being finished with d to be finish with
4/ Please ask the restaurant clientele in the no smoking area
a don‟t smoke b not to smoke c not smoking d don‟t to smoke
A to making friends B to make friends C make friends D making friends
6/ Nowadays a large number ofyoung people spend much time TN 2013
A surfing the Internet B surf the Internet C to surf the Internet D with surfing the Internet 7/ “Why are you mad ?” – “ I dislike by my first name ”
a you call b you to call me c your calling me d you call me
8/ “ Which baseball team do you support ?” – “ We‟d like ”
a the Tigers win b That the Tigers win c the Tigers will win d the Tigers to win
9/ “ May I help you ?” – “ Yes , I need someone _ the tire on my car ”
10/ “I heard Fred is going to work for the ambassador ”
– “ Yes , he was lucky _ such a good job.”
a to give b about getting c to be given d to be giving
11/ “Did you understand the solution to the calculus problem ?”
– “ Not very well Dr Baker‟s was complicated ”
a explain b explaining c explanation d explained
12 It has become necessary - water in the metropolitan area because of the severe drought
A rationing B ration C to have rationed D to ration
13/ We insisted _ by the manager
a to be seen b to see c on being seen d on seeing
14/ I decided the book you toldme about some days ago TN 2013
15/ “ What are you reading ?” – “ It‟s a magazine article your own furniture ”
a to make it b about make c about making d for make
16/ a foreign language well is a long process
a Learn b Learning c To learning d Having learned
17/ What do you enjoy _ in your free time ? a doing b do c to do d done
18/ You can‟t go to England without _ to Bucking ham Palace
19/ Would you mind not _ ?
20/ She was worried about by thieves a being robbed b robbing c being rob d be robbing
21 I enjoy - to the park on summer evenings
22 Don‟t forget - home as soon as you arrive at your destination
A to call B calling C having called D to be called
23 When I kept getting unwanted calls, I called the phone company and had my phone number - The process was easier than I expected it to be
Trang 1212
A change B changed C to change D changing
24 Jean should seriously consider - an actress She is a very talented performer
A to become B become C becoming D will become
25 television to the exclusion of all other activities is not a healthy habit for a growing child
A To be watched B Being watched C Watching D Watch
26 After their children had grown up Mr and Mrs Sills decided - to a condominium in the city They‟ve never been sorry
27 I truly appreciated - to give the commencement address, but I wasn‟t able to accept the honor because of a previous commitment
A asking B to have asked C to ask D having been asked
28 The store manager caught the cashier - money from the cash register and promptly called the police They discovered that it had been going on for a long time
A to sneak B sneaking C to have sneaked D.being sneaked
29 My roommate‟s handwriting is very bad, so he had me -his paper for him last night
30 Although MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome) spreads through close contact with sick people, not through the air, many people still avoid to crowded places
31 Your hair needs _ You‟d better have it done tomorrow
32 Our father suggested to Da Nang for this summer holiday 2018
A to continue B to continuing C continue D continuing
34 The boy denied _ the cake even though there was some cream left on his chin 2018
35 He promised his daughter a new bicycle as a birthday present 2018
V
V C C CO O OM M MP P PA A AR R RI I IS S SO O ON N NS S S
A COMPARATIVE (SO SÁNH HƠN)
1- Tính từ ngắn : ( Short adjectives ): tính từ có một âm tiết hoặc có hai âm tiết tận cùng là : “ y, er, ow, ple, tle ”
S + V + {adj- er/ adv-er} + than + {noun/ pronoun}
Example : Happy > happier Easy > Easier
Clever > cleverer Simple > simpler Gentle > gentler
2- Tính từ dài : ( long adjectives ) Là tính từ thường có hai âm tiết trở lên
S + V +more+ {adj/ adv} +than + {noun/ pronoun}
B SO SÁNH NHẤT ( SUPERLATIVE )
1- Tính từ ngắn : ( Short adjectives ) S + V +the+ {adj- est/ adv-est}
2- Tính từ dài ( long adjectives ) S + V + the +most+ {adj/ adv}
C SO SÁNH BẰNG : (SIMILARITY) S + V + as + {adj/ adv} + as + {noun/ pronoun}
Ex : 1- His car runs as fast as a race car S + V + the same + (noun) + as + {noun/ pronoun}
D- SO SÁNH KÉP : ( DOUBLE COMPARISON )
a- Tính từ ngắn : ( Short adjectives )
COMPARATIVE AND COMPARATIVE Ex: - Tom is growing fast He is getting taller and taller Adj –er and Adj-er
b- Tính từ hoặc trạng từ dài ( long adjectives/ adverbs )
S + V + more and more + Adj / Adv : Ex : - Computers are becoming more and more complicated
2- So sánh kép liên quan đến hai hay nhiều sự vật , hiện tƣợng : càng …càng …
The + tính từ so sánh bậc hơn + S + V, The + tính từ so sánh bậc hơn + S + V
( comparative ) , ( comparative )
Trang 13EXERCISE : Choose the best answer:
1 The more you talk about the situation,
A it seems worse B the worse does it seem C the worse it seems D it seems the worse
2 The larger the apartment, the the rent
A expensive B more expensive C expensively D most expensive
3 The faster we walk,………… we will get there
A the soonest B the soon C the more soon D the sooner
4 “ Why did you buy these oranges? ” “They were ……….… I could find ”
A cheapest B cheapest ones C the cheapest ones D the most cheapest
5 She plays the piano ……… as she sings
A as beautifully B more beautifully C as beautiful D the most beautifully
6 The streets are getting more and ……… these days
8 You must explain your problems …………
A as clear as you can B as clearly as you can C as clear than you are D as clearly you are
9 After the new technique had been introduced, the factory produced _ cars in 2014 as the year before 2015
A twice many as B as twice many C as many twice D twice as many
10 Which woman are you going to vote for? –I‟m not sure Everyone says that Joan is…………
11 Bill is ………
A lazier and lazier B more and more lazy C lazier and more lazy D more lazy and lazier
12 It‟s too noisy here Can we go somewhere ………?
14 China is the country with……… population
A the larger B the more large C the largest D the most large
15 She sat there quietly, but during all that time she was getting………… Finally she exploded
A more and more angry B the more angry C angrier and angrier D the most angry
16 For ……… , it is certain that in the future some things will be very different
A the better or the worse B the good or the bad C good or bad D better or worse
17 Her grandfather‟s illness was……… we thought at first
A more seriously as B as seriously as B more serious than D as serious than
18 My brother was feeling tired last night, so he went to bed………… usual
A more early than B as early as C more earlier as D earlier than
19. _ you study for these exams, _ you will do
A The harder / the better B The more / the much C The hardest / the best D The more hard / the more good
A the most crowded the beaches get B the most the beaches get crowded
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C the more crowded the beaches get D the more the beaches get crowded
A the more fluently you can speak it B the more fluent you can speak it
C the more you can speak it fluent D the more you can speak it fluently
V
VI I I C C CO O ON N ND D DI I IT T TI I IO O ON N NA A AL L L S S SE E EN N NT T TE E EN N NC C CE E ES S
Type 1: If + S + V(simple present), S + V(simple future)
Type 2: If + S + V(past subjunctive/ simple past), S + would/ could/ might + bare inf
Type 3: If + S + had + PP , S + would/ could/ might + have + PP
WISH clauses: Ta có thể dùng WISH như câu điều kiện để diễn đạt mong muốn ở quá khứ, hiện tại hoặc tương lai Note: - If not = Unless (trừ khi)
Ex: If you don't hurry, you'll be late for school <=> Unless you hurry, you'll be late for school
- As long as/ So long as/ Provided (that)/ Providing (that)/ On condition that + Clause ( với điều kiện)
Ex: As long as you drive carefully, you can use my car = If you drive carefully, you can use my car
- Đảo ngữ của câu điều kiện loại (bỏ IF): Dùng SHOULD (1), WERE (2), HAD (3)
- Kết hợp ĐK Loại II + Loại III
Eg: He isn't a rich man now because he didn't take my advice →If he had taken my advice, he would be a rich man now EXERCISE: Choose the best answer for each of the following sentences
1) If he didn't have to work today, he _his children to the zoo
2) If it tomorrow, we may postpone going on a picnic
A rains B will rain C shall rain D raining
3) Were I offered the job, I think I ……… it
a take b will take c would take d would have taken
A you will affect your health B your health wouldn‟t affect
C your health would be affected D your health will be affected
5) The bad weather caused serious damage to the crop If only it warmer
6) _, we couldn‟t have continued with the project TN 2009
A If you hadn‟t contributed positively B Even if you didn‟t like to contribute
C Provided your contribution wouldn‟t come D Unless we had your contribution
7) If I were you, I for thatintensive English course TN 2013
8) If he ……… my advices the day before, he ……….so nervous now
a had taken/ wouldn‟t have been b would take/ hadn‟t been c took/ wouldn‟t be d had taken/
wouldn‟t be
9) If no measures were taken to protect the environment, our lives ……… in danger
10) Should I find it, I ………you immediately
11) If I had known you were in hospital, I …………to see you
12) Without his help yesterday, we ……… a lot of difficulties
a would have got b would get c will be getting d had got
13) They didn't offer me the job I wish they it to me
14) I………… out if I hadn‟t been so tired
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15) ……… ……… a camera, I would have taken some pictures
16) You won‟t pass the examination………you study more
17) through, it would have been a good crop
have swept
18 If I the competition, I on a world cruise
19 What would happen if you ……… to work tomorrow?
20 If I had enough money, I ……… abroad to improve my English
21 ……… , he would have been able to pass the exam
A Studying more B Had he studied more C If he studied more D If he were studying more
22 I wish that some day I _ able to marry her
23 _ my mother‟s encouragement, I wouldn‟t have made such a daring decision
A Until B In spite C But for D Providing
24 If it for the heavy storm, the accident would not have happened
25 Susan regretted not buying that villa
A Susan wished she had bought that villa B Susan wished she bought that villa
C Susan wished she could buy that villa D Susan wished she hadn‟t bought that villa
26 “If I were you, I would do morning exercise regularly,” said John TN 2012
A John asked me to do morning exercise regularly B John prevented me from doing morning exercise regularly
C John congratulated me on doing morning exercise regularly D John advised me to do morning exercise regularly
28 I‟m afraid he won‟t get over his illness
A I wish he will get over his illness B I wish he would get over his illness
C I wish he got over his illness D I wish he had got over his illness
29 Students will not be allowed into the exam room if they their student cards
A produced B hadn‟t produced C didn‟t produce D don‟t produce THPT
2015
30 If Martin were here now, he us to solve this diíĩícult problem
V
VI I II I I I I IN N NV V VE E ER R RS S SI I IO O ON N N
1 Đảo ngữ với NO và NOT, các trạng từ phủ định Never, Rarely, Seldom, Little, Hardly ever,
No/ Not/ Never/ Rarely/ Seldom /Little/ Hardly ever + auxiliary + S + V
Eg: Never in mid-summer does it snow / No money shall I lend you from now on
2 Đảo ngữ với ONLY
only after/ by/ later/ then/ in this way ……+ auxiliary + S + V
Eg: Only after all guest had gone home could we relax /Only when I understand her did I like her
3 Đảo ngữ với các cụm từ có No
At no time / On no condition/ Under (in) no circumstances / For no searson
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In no way / No longer
Eg: For no reason whall you play truant./ On no condition shall we accept their proposal
4 No sooner than
= Hardly/ Bearly/ Scarely When
Eg: No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang
Hardly had she put up her umbrella before the rain becam down in torrents
5 Đảo ngữ với Not only but also
Not only + auxiliary + S + V but also
Eg: Not only is he good at E but he also draw very well
Not only does he sing well but he also plays musical instruments perfectly
6 Đảo ngữ với SO
So + adj/ adv + auxiliary + S + V + that clause
Eg: So dark is it that I can't write./ So difficult was the exam that few student pass it
7 Đảo ngữ với until/ till + clause/ adv of time + auxiliary + S + V
Eg: I won't come home till 10 o'clock = Not until/ till o'clock that I will come home
I didn't know that I had lost my key till I got home = Not until/ till I got home did I know that I had lost my key
8 Đảo ngữ với câu điều kiện
a Câu điều kiện loại 1: If clause = should + S + V
If she come late she will miss the train Should she come late she will miss the train
b Câu điều kiện loại 2: If clause = Were S + to V/ Were + S
If I were you I would work harder = Were I you
If I knew her I would invite her to the party = Were I to know her
c Câu đk loại 3: If clause = Had + S + PII
Exercise 1: Choose the best answer for each question
1 he arrived at the busstop when the bus came
A No longer has B No sooner had C Not until had D Hardly had
2 In no circumstances on campus
A smoking should be allowed B should allow smoking
C we should allow smoking D should smoking be allowed
3 at school yesterday when we were informed that there was no class due to a sudden power cut
A We had arrived hardly B We have hardly arrived
C Hardly we had arrived D Hardly had we arrived THPT 2015
4 George wouldn't have met Mary _ to his brother's graduation party
A had he not gone B hadn't he gone C if he has not gone D if he shouldn't have gone
5 No sooner……….my car than the alarm went off
A the thief touched B the thief had touched C did the thief touch D had the thief touched
6 ……… did I realize that the murderer was still in the house
A Only then B only after C Under no circumstances D Seldom
7 ……… that she burst into tears
A So angry was she B Such her anger C She was so anger D Her anger was so
8 ……… , he would have been able to pass the exam
A Studying more B Had he studied more C If he studied more D If he were studying more
9 ……….received law degrees as today
10 No sooner my car than the alarm went off
A the thief touched B touched the thief C the thief had touched D had the thief touched 11. , he couldn‟t finish that test in 60 minutes
A As the boy was intelligent B Intelligent as the boy was
C As intelligent the boy was D Intelligent as was the boy
12 Only after he the job as a computer programmer did he realise how much he loved it
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Exercise 2: Rewrite the sentences, using inversions
1 Her grief was so great that she almost fainted
- THAT: thay thế cho WHO/ WHOM/ WHICH trong MĐQH hạn định
* Những trường hợp thường dùng THAT:
- Sau cụm từ quan hệ vừa chỉ người và vật:
- Sau đại từ bất định: something, aynyone, nobody, all, much Ex: I‟ll tell you something that is very interesting
- Sau các tính từ so sánh nhất, only, first, last Ex: - This is the most beautiful dress that I have
* Những trường hợp không dùng THAT:
- Trong mệnh đề tính từ không hạn định Ex: Mr Brown, that we studied English with, is a very nice teacher
- Sau giới từ Ex: The house in that I was born is for sale
2 Trạng từ quan hệ (Relative Adverbs)
a WHERE (in/ on/ at which): thay thế cho cụm từ chỉ nơi chốn
Ex: - The movie theater is the place We can see films at that place
The movie theater is the place (at which) where we can see films
b WHEN (in/ on which): thay thế cho cụm từ chỉ thời gian
Ex: - Do you remember the day We first met on that day Do you remember the day (on which) when we first met?
c WHY (for which): thay thế cho cụm trạng từ chỉ lí do
Ex: - Tell me the reason You are so sad for that reason Tell me the reason (for which) why you are so sad
3 Rút gọn Mệnh đề quan hệ (Khi Đại từ quan hệ làm chủ ngữ trong MĐQH)
WHO/ WHICH/ THAT + S + V V-ING (V Ở CHỦ ĐỘNG)
V-ED (V Ở BỊ ĐỘNG)
To-V(inf) (The first/ second/ only…)+N + who/ which+ S-V
4 Tỉnh lược Đại từ quan hệ (Khi đại từ quan hệ làm tân ngữ trong MĐQH)
Exercises:
A got a pay rise B get pay rise C to get a pay rise D be getting pay rise
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2 That was the reason he didn't marry her
3 Dr Fleming, discovered penicillin, was awarded the Nobel Prize of Medicine in 1945
TN 2013
4 The film ……… on TV lastnight was really interesting
5 The land and the people I have met are nice
6 He read the Old Man and The Sea, a novel ………….by Ernest Hemingway
8 Do you know the man ……… over there?
9 The program ……… into this computer works properly
10 He talked about the books and the authors interested him
11 Question 6:Neil Armstrong is the first man foot on the moon TN 2013
12 Dec 26th, 05 was the day the terrible tsunami happened
13 The woman lives next my door is doctor
14 Two thieves _ at a bus stop were arrested yesterday TN 2011
A.wait B waiting C having waited D were waiting
15 The boy eyes are brown is my son
16 The boys ……… tennis over there are my new neighbor
A who plays B playing C that playing D are playing
17 The town we are living is noisy and crowded
18 The vegetables in this supermarket are always fresh TN 2012
19 The worker house is next to mine died this morning
20 The lady son went on a picnic with us last weekend is a teacher at our school
21 That is the place the accident occurred
22 Jill isn't on the phone, makes it difficult to contact her
23 Mrs Smith, _ has a lot of teaching experience, is going to join our school in September TN 2012
24 The receptionist, answered the phone, told me that the director was out
Trang 1919
27 Once _ in the UK, the book will definitely win a number of awards in regional book fairs
A is published B having published C published D publishing
28 : The patients _ with the new drug showed better signs of recovery than those
A treated B having treated C treating D who treated
29 Despacito, _ over four billion times on YouTube, is one of the most favourite
30 Drastic measures should be taken to tackle the problems child abuse 2018
A involved B to involve C involving D are involving
(Câu mệnh lệnh) 1* S+ V+ (not) + to infinitive (promise, (dis)agree, refuse, threaten, hope, expect, want, ask, wish, need, dare, offer,
plan, fail, swear, try, pretend, manage, intend, choose, fear, demand, seem, tend…)
2 * S + wondered + if /whether + clause (S+V)
3 * S + wanted to know + if / whether + clause (S+V) Những trường hợp không thay đổi thì của động từ:
a Khi động từ tường thuật ở thì hiện tại hoặc tương lai
Ex: She says to me: "I like classical music" → She tells me she likes classical music
b Nếu câu trực tiếp là câu điều kiện loại 2 và loại 3
Ex: "If the weather were fine, we could go camping", Peter said
→ Peter said if the weather were fine, they could go camping
c Nếu trong câu trực tiếp có các trợ động từ: should, would, could, ought to, might, used to, had better
Ex: "You should practice speaking English every day" the teacher said to Mai
→ The teacher said that Mai should practice speaking English every day
d Thì quá khứ giả định (past subjunctive) vẫn giữ nguyên sau: (I) wish , would rather , It‟s time
Ex: She said “I wish I had a lot of books.” → She told me she wished she had a lot of books
e Thì hiện tại đơn diễn tả 1 sự thật hiển nhiên, 1 chân lí
Ex: She said " Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius." → She said that water boils at 100 degrees Celsius
Trang 2020
EXERCISES:
1) She asked me…… the seat……… or not
a If / had occupied b Whether / was occupied c If / has been occupied d Whether/ occupied
2 The policeman asked us………
a had any of us seen the accident happen b If had any of us seen the accident happen
c Whether any of us had seen the accident happen d that if any of us had seen the accident happen
3 I asked him……… ,but he said nothing
a what the matter was b what was the matter c the matter was what d what‟s the matter was
4 Tom asked Janet where _ the previous Sunday TN 2012
A had she been B she had been C she has been D has she been
5 I wonder………….we‟ll catch the bus………we‟ll take a taxi
a if / and whether b whether / or that c if / or that d whether / or whether
6 Excuse me Could you tell me………?
a what time is it b what is the time c what time it is d it is what time
7 We wonder……….from his office after that scandal
a why did he not resign b why he did not resign c why he not resign d why didn‟t he resign
8 Jeff wanted to know………
a that why were his friends laughing b why were his friends laughing
c why his friends were laughing d the reason why his friends laughing
A she was leaving the tickets at home B she had left the tickets at home
C the tickets at home would be left D she would have left the tickets at home
10 She…………him whether he liked the steak she cooked
11 His neighbors sometimes wondered……….he did for a living
12 Could you please tell me………?
a It is how far to the nearest bus stop b how far is it to the nearest bus stop
c how far to the nearest bus stop is it d how far it is to the nearest bus stop
13 He asked me………
a How long you have studied English b How long had you studied English
c How long you had study English d How long you had studied English
14 "No, I won't go to work at the weekend," said Sally THPT 2017
A Sally refused to go to work at the weekend B Sally promised to go to work at the weekend
C Sally apologized for not going to work at the weekend D Sally regretted not going to work at the weekend 15: “If I hadn‟t had so much work to do, I would have gone to the movies.” said the boy
A As the boy did not have much work to do, he went to the movies
B They boy said that if he hadn‟t had so much work to do, he would have gone to the movies
C The boy explained the reason why he had so much work to do that he couldn‟t go to the movies
D The boy didn‟t want to go to the movies because he did have so much to do
X
X A A AD D DV V VE E ER R RB B BI I IA A AL L L C C CL L LA A AU U US S SE E ES S S & & & C C CO O ON N NJ J JU U UN N NC C CT T TI I IO O ON N NS S S
1 Clauses and Phrases of PURPOSE (Chỉ mục đính)
- to/ in order to/ so as to + Verb (infinitive) ; - so that/ in order that + S-V
2 Clauses of time (when, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as, by, )
Lưu ý: Trong MĐTN chỉ thời gian ta không dùng thì tương lai
3 Clauses and Phrases of concession:
although, although, even though (+ S-V)
no matter what (whatever)/ no matter how (however)/ no matter who (whoever)
despite, in spite of + Noun/ V-ing
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4 Clauses of manner: as/ as if/ as though (Dùng nhƣ câu điều kiện 1, 2, 3)
5 Clause and phrases of reason: because/ since/ as + S-V; because of / for (+N/ V-ing)
EXERCISE:
1 I like reading books this is a good way to get information TN 2012
A because B because of C so that D in order to
2 Most of the pupils are _ to pass the examination
good
3 The lesson _ for me to understand
A is very difficult B too difficult C difficult too D is too difficult
4 John has worked very late at night these day, _ he is physically exhausted
5 _ Peter gets here, we will congratulate him
6 Mary jogs everyday lose weight
A so she can B so that she can C because she can D so that to
7 You should look up the meaning of the new in the dictionary _ misuse it
8 He lighted the candle he might read the note
9 _, I will give him the report
A When he will return B When he returns C Until he will return D No sooner he returns
10 _ the firemen arrived to help, we had already put out the fire
11 Last night, the train was delayed the flood
A beacause B since C even though D because of TN
2011
12 Maria tried to read a novel in French the book was too difficult for her to understand
a so that b therefore c but d and
13 To get from Vancouver to Victoria, you can fly, you can ride the ferry
14 _ of the difficulty, they managed to climb to the top of the mountain
15 Despite _, we knew that he was guilty
A denied B of denying C he denied D his denial
16 I am afraid that the company is in deep trouble , we are going to make some people redundant
a Therefore b However c But d And
17 _ the dance, Jerry said good-bye to his girlfriend
A Before left B Before he leaves C Before leaving D Before he will leave
18 Jones _ after everyone _
A speaks / will eat B will speak / has eaten
C is speaking / eats D has spoken / will have eaten
19 He turned off the lights before going out _ waste electricity
A so that not B as not to C in order that not D so as not to
20 The school boys are in hurry they will not be late for school
21 The teacher was explaining the lesson slowly and clearly _
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A to make his students to understand it B in order that his students can understand it
C so as to that his students could understand it D so that his students could understand it
22 The boy always does his homework before class
A so as not to be punished by the teacher B so as to be punished by the teacher
C so that not to be punished by the teacher D in order that not to be punished by the teacher
23/ _ having the best qualifications among all the applicants, Justin was not offered the job
A Although B While C In spite of D Despite of
24/ the internet is very popular, many older people do not know how to use it
A However B Nevertheless C Even though D Despite
25/ Mery usually goes to parties She likes meeting people and crowded places she is rather shy A.In spite of B Even though C On the contrary D In other words
26/ They were brave and persistent. _, they had no chance of winning
A However B While C Although D Whereas
27/ Bob has been working very hard these days , he can‟t afford to buy a new car
A While B Even though C.Though D Nevertheless
28/ what she prepared for the job interview, Megan didn‟t pass it
A Despite of B In spite of C Though D However
29/ Despite the fact that _, we enjoyed our trip
A the weather is bad B it is a bad weather C the bad weather D the weather was bad 30/ Bruce was not praised _ he was a hard worker
A despite B in spite of C although D despite of
CONJUNCTIONS: Choose the correct answer
1 The sky was gray and cloudy , we went to the beach
A Consequently B Nevertheless C Even though D In spite of
2 Question 10:Our flight from Bangkok to London was delayed the storm TN 2013
A since B because of C in spite of D because
3 Sam and I will meet you at the restaurant tonight we can find a baby-sitter
4 Carol showed up for the meeting I asked her not to be there
5 You must lend me the money for the trip , I won‟t be able to go
A Consequently B Nevertheless C Otherwise D Although
6 The road will remain safe the flood washes out the bridge
7 The roles of men and women were not the same in ancient Greece For example, men were both participants and spectators in the ancient Olympics Women, were forbidden to attend or participate
A nevertheless B on the other hand C therefore D otherwise
8 The windows were all left open _, the room was a real mess after the windstorm
A Nevertheless B However C Consequently D Otherwise
9 It looks like they‟re going to succeed their present difficulties
10 Marge is an honest person, I still wonder whether she‟s telling the truth about the incident
11 The professor told me that I was doing well, my final grade was awful!
12 Beth has a new car, she no longer takes the commuter train to work She drives to work every day
13 You‟d better give me your answer quickly, I‟ll withdraw the invitation