HƯỚNG dẫn GIẢI CHI TIẾT các đề IELTS WRITING THÁNG 8 BY NGOCBACH

 Paragraph 3: measures 1 subsidies for basic needs – example, the USA should provide free medical care 2 reduce taxes for people on low incomes by cutting military spending  Conclusio

HƯỚNG DẪN GIẢI CHI TIẾT CÁC ĐỀ IELTS

WRITING THÁNG 8/2019 MỚI RA

BY NGOCBACH

Đề thi 01/08/2019

Report Plan:

 Paraphrase paragraph: give information>show; hours of daylight>the

times of sunrise and sunset; the same week>during 3 days

 Overview/summary paragraph: (1) the temperatures were higher in

Mumbai (2) the hours of daylight were longer in Moscow

 Paragraph 3: temperatures – contrast sunrise and sunset

temperatures (1) in Mumbai (2) in Moscow

 Paragraph 4: report and contrast hours of daylight in the two cities

Report:

The tables show the temperatures and the times of sunrise and sunset in Mumbai and Moscow during three days in May 2007

Overall, it is clear that the temperatures were much higher in Mumbai than in

Moscow However, the hours of daylight were significantly longer in Moscow compared to Mumbai

In Mumbai, the temperatures at sunrise were almost constant, at 33 to 34 degrees

At sunset, they were slightly lower at 29 degrees on each day By contrast, the

temperatures in Moscow were very low, at sunrise reaching just 8 degrees on Friday before rising slightly to 10 degrees and 13 degrees on Saturday and

Sunday, respectively Sunset temperatures in Moscow fluctuated, falling from 5 degrees on Friday to 2 degrees on Saturday There was then an increase to 9 degrees on Sunday evening

The sun rose in Mumbai at 6:00 am, later than in Moscow where it rose just after 4:00 am The time of sunset in Moscow was 22:00, whereas in Mumbai it was shortly after 19:00

169 words

TASK 2:

In many countries the cost of living is rising What are the effects on

individuals and society? What measures can be taken to deal with this

problem?

Essay Plan:

 Introduction: refer to the task question State that the effects are

serious, but measures can be taken

 Paragraph 2: effects (1) individuals have to pay more, and have to cut

back on their spending (2) society – the economy declines as people pay late or go into debt

 Paragraph 3: measures (1) subsidies for basic needs – example, the

USA should provide free medical care (2) reduce taxes for people on low incomes (by cutting military spending)

 Conclusion: the consequences of rising living costs are serious, but

measures can be taken to tackle the problem

Essay:

It is true that in many countries, it is becoming increasingly difficult for the

majority of people to make ends meet While the effects on individuals and

society as a whole are serious, I believe that steps can be taken to address this issue

Rising living costs result in hardship for many individuals and serious

consequences for society In terms of individuals, they are faced with higher

prices for everyday necessities, such as food, paying rent or heating bills They are forced to make cutbacks in their household budgets in order to make the most

of the income that they have From the perspective of society, when goods and

services are more expensive, major socio-economic changes occur People spend less in stores and on entertainment, or they have to pay in arrears or run up debts, and the whole economy of the country goes into decline

However, effective policies must be adopted to tackle the rise in living costs Firstly, governments should provide public subsidies for basic needs, such as

food, heating and healthcare For example, in the USA citizens on average

incomes cannot afford rising medical bills, and so universal free medical care

should high on the agenda of the government Secondly, if governments curbed

public spending on military weapons, they would be able to prioritize

expenditure on programmes to reduce taxes for people on low incomes This would help people to afford the higher prices in the shops and enable them to buy the things they need

In conclusion, in order to tackle the increase in the cost of living, governments

must adopt measures to help those in society who are in most need

276 words

Vocabulary from business and money:

 to make cutbacks

Meaning: to decrease, to reduce

Example: The company made cutbacks at their stores in New York and

many employees were dismissed

 to make the most of something

Meaning: to make something appear as good as possible; to exploit something; to get as much out of something as is possible

Example: They designed the advertisements to make the most of the

product's features

 to pay in arrears

Meaning: refers to making a payment to a supplier later than the terms of the arrangement under which goods or services were purchased from the supplier

Example: The company pays one month in arrears to all its suppliers and

employees

Vocabulary from society:

 socio-economic changes

Meaning: changes relating to the society and economy of a country

Example: Mass migration to cities is a result of socio-economic changes

that include the industrialisation of agriculture

Vocabulary from government:

 to adopt policies

Meaning: to start to use particular policies

Example: In order to deal with traffic congestion, the government must

adopt policies to restrict the use of private cars

 to provide public subsidies for

Meaning: to give government money to reduce the costs of services or to produce goods in order to keep the price low

Example: In order to promote agriculture that is environmentally-friendly,

the government should provide public subsidies for organic farmers

 high on the agenda

Meaning: something which is among the first things in the list of actions to

be taken

Example: The rehabilitation of prisoners must be high on the agenda of

prison authorities everywhere

 to curb public spending on

Meaning: to restrict what the government spends on something

Example: I would argue that it is preferable to curb public spending on

building new roads rather than to impose spending cuts on education

 to prioritize expenditure on

Meaning: to put the need to spend money on certain things first

Example: I believe that it is important to prioritize expenditure on medical

research in order to save lives

Other vocabulary:

 hardship [noun]:

Meaning: a situation that is difficult and unpleasant because you do not have enough money, food, clothes etc

Example: People suffered many hardships during the long, cold winter

 to make ends meet [expression]:

Meaning: to earn just enough money to be able to buy the things you need

Example: Many families on low incomes struggle to make ends meet

 to address [verb]:

Meaning: to think about a problem or situation and decide how you are going to deal with it

Example: The quality of the air in big cities is a big problem, and

governments must address this issue immediately

 to run up [phrasal verb]:

Meaning: to allow a bill or a debt to reach a large total

Example: As a result of his gambling, he ran up a large debt at the casino

Đề thi 10/08/2019

The diagrams show how olive oil is produced

Report Plan:

 Paraphrase paragraph: show>illustrate; how olive oil is

produced>the process of olive oil production

 Overview/summary paragraph: (1) state the number of stages (2)

mention the first and last stages

 Paragraph 3: report on the first diagram (from picking the olives to

final mashing in vats)

 Paragraph 4: report on the second diagram (from pressing the olives

to extract oil to final shipment)

Report:

The diagrams illustrate the various stages in the process of olive oil production

Overall, seven stages can be identified, beginning with picking the olives and

ending with the shipment of the bottles of olive oil

Initially, workers using poles knock the olives from the trees The olives

selected for plumpness and ripeness are then washed in cold water Next, the olives are milled, which involves mashing and removing the stones After

mashing, they enter large vats in which they are milled further to make a

homogenized paste

The next stage involves the loading of the paste into a hydraulic press There,

the paste is placed between 25-30 hemp pressing bags and, with each push of the

piston of the hydraulic press, oil is extracted Then, the oil is pumped to a

centrifuge, to separate the oil and water, and the extracted oil is stored in

underground vats Finally, the oil is bottled just before it is shipped to

Essay Plan:

 Introduction: refer to the key words in the task question State your

own opinion – zoos must avoid cruelty, but they can provide useful protection

 Paragraph 2: cruel conditions still exist in some zoos The health of

wild animals suffers

 Paragraph 3: arguments in favour of zoos (1) many zoos provide good

conditions for animals e.g London Zoo (2) problems faced by wild animals in their natural habitats and the role of zoos in conservation and captive breeding e.g pandas

 Conclusion: zoos must provide good conditions, but they also serve an

important conservation/protection role

Essay:

It is true that some people believe that confining wild animals in zoos is cruel and

that zoos should therefore be closed down While I believe that cruelty to

animals should be avoided at all costs, I agree with those who see a vital role for zoos in protecting wildlife

On the one hand, there is an outcry in many countries over the cruel conditions

in which animals are kept in some zoos As a result, many people argue that the

public must exert pressure on governments to shut down all zoos For example,

in some zoos the animals are still kept in cages, with little room in which to move around Critics argue correctly that the health of wild animals kept in such

conditions must suffer, because they cannot exercise or follow their natural

behaviour Physically and mentally, therefore, it is cruel to maintain wild

animals in such confined spaces

On the other hand, others argue that not all zoos subject wild animals to

cramped conditions and, in addition, zoos perform a useful role in animal

protection Firstly, the welfare of animals in a priority for many zoos London Zoo, for instance, houses wild animals in large, open spaces, often with trees or ponds to mimic their natural habitats Secondly, our small planet is facing an

ecological crisis Today, there are many endangered species, because of

exploitation and habitat destruction, which have left many creatures on the brink

of extinction Captive breeding programmes in zoos have saved some species, including the well-known success story of the giant panda

In conclusion, I agree that all zoos must provide spacious, natural environments

for their animals However, zoos have an important role to play in wildlife

protection and survival

287 words

Vocabulary from society:

 an outcry (at/over/against something)

Meaning: a reaction of anger or strong protest shown by people in public

Example: The new tax provoked a public outcry

Vocabulary from government:

 to exert pressure on

Meaning: to use power to influence somebody or something

Example: Environmental organisations should exert pressure on

governments to invest in renewable energy projects

Vocabulary from the environment:

 an ecological crisis

Meaning: a serious situation that occurs when the environment of a species or

a population changes in a way that destabilizes its continued survival

Example: Environmental degradation caused by human activity is provoking

an ecological crisis which threatens our existence

 endangered species

Meaning: plants or animals that only exist in very small numbers, so that in future they may disappear forever

Example: One example of an endangered species is the lowland gorilla,

which has almost disappeared as a result of the destruction of its forest habitat

 habitat destruction

Meaning: the process that occurs when a natural habitat, like a forest or wetland, is changed so dramatically by humans that plants and animals which live there

Example: The elephant population in the world is declining because of

habitat destruction caused by human exploitation of the environment

 on the brink of extinction

Meaning: an animal or plant which has almost disappeared from the planet Example: Before the captive breeding program in zoos, the giant panda was

on the brink of extinction

 captive breeding

Meaning: the reproduction of animals in confinement, not in their natural habitats

Example: A successful captive breeding program in zoos has resulted in an

increase in the world’s panda population

Vocabulary from reading:

 a success story

Meaning: a person or thing that is very successful

Example: Although some people have great talent in their field, behind every

success story there is always a lot of hard work and effort

Other vocabulary:

 to confine [verb]:

Meaning: to keep a person or an animal in a small, closed space

Example: During the train journey, the horses were confined in a small

carriage

 at all costs [expression]:

Meaning: whatever is needed to achieve something

Example: Competitors in sports these days try to win at all costs, even by

cheating

 to subject [verb]:

Meaning: to make a person or animal experience something unpleasant

Example: In prison, he was subjected to many beatings

 cramped [adjective]:

Meaning: not having enough room to move freely

Example: The classroom was small, and so the students were forced to

work in cramped conditions

 to mimic [verb]:

Meaning: to look or behave like something else

Example: Conditions in the astronaut training centre were designed to

mimic conditions of zero gravity in space

Đề thi 13/08/2019

Report Plan:

system>how water is supplied

(2) in future no water will enter the river

water

and (2) in the overview paragraph

Report:

The diagrams illustrate how water in Australia is supplied to users at present and also proposed future changes to the system

Overall, it is clear that in the future water will be recycled after treatment No

water will be discharged into the river in future

At present, water is stored in dams or other facilities Then, this pure water is sent to households, shops, and factories Next, waste water is sent to a water treatment plant, and after cleaning it then enters the river Storm water,

however, enters the river directly from the city

In the future, the storage of water in dams or other facilities will continue

unchanged, and pure water will be sent to the same users However, in contrast

to the present system, all water will go to the water treatment plant It will then

return to supply users as pure water following treatment, and no water will enter the river

154 words

Task 2:

Students should pay the full cost for their own study, because university education benefits individuals rather than society To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Essay Plan:

 Introduction: refer to the task question My opinion – disagree:

students should not pay the full cost

 Paragraph 2: individual students do often benefit from their studies

Good job prospects, promotion, better salaries offered by

corporations – therefore they may have a better lifestyle – example USA

 Paragraph 3: arguments against paying the full cost: (1) students get

skills which benefit society – examples (2) problems if students have

to pay for their studies – loans, or part-time work

 Conclusion: disagree, because students contribute to society

Essay:

Some people believe that students should not receive help with the costs of their

university education While graduates may benefit individually later in life from

the opportunity to pursue a successful career, I would argue that the government should provide funding for students

In many cases, it is true that students benefit from their university education in

terms of future salaries Headhunting corporations compete with each other to

offer attractive employment to graduates Graduates can expect to have better job prospects than non-graduates, enjoying higher pay and good promotion

opportunities They will, therefore, be more likely to live in prosperous

neighbourhoods, with an enviable lifestyle For example, in the USA college

graduates may earn two or three times as much as an unskilled worker

However, I consider that there are two important reasons why students should

not pay the full cost of their university education Firstly, they acquire skills

which are useful, and sometimes essential, to society as a whole Doctors,

scientists and engineers are obvious examples, but other professions should not

be forgotten, such as teachers, artists or philosophers Secondly, if students have

to pay for their education, they may be forced to pay off a huge student loan