A new jumping spider species of the genus Maeota

2016 http://www.revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/cal A new jumping spider species of the genus Maeota Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini, with new faunistic data of the tribe from Colombia Un

Caldasia 38(2): 274-284 2016 http://www.revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/cal

A new jumping spider species of the genus Maeota

(Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini), with new faunistic

data of the tribe from Colombia

Una nueva especie de araña saltarina del género Maeota

(Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini), con nuevos datos faunísticos

de la tribu para Colombia

W illiam G alviS

Laboratorio de Aracnología & Miriapodología (LAM-UN), Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Colombia.

wlgalvisj@unal.edu.co

J uan S ebaSTián m oreno

Fundación Ecotonos, jsmoreno@ecotonos.org

ABSTRACT

A new species of jumping spider of the genus Maeota (Salticidae), M galeanoae sp nov.,

is described and illustrated from the Caribbean state of Magdalena, Colombia Additionally,

the genus Anasaitis is recorded for the first time from Colombia, with the species A

canalis, from the department of Chocó Moreover, new records are presented for Maeota serrapophysis from the departments of Magdalena, Quindío and Valle del Cauca, Colombia,

with individuals from the southern region presenting a slightly different pattern of coloration

in which the prosoma, abdomen and legs have a reticulated brown and gray pattern New

faunistic data from Colombia are also presented for the species M betancuri and Ilargus

galianoae Finally, a distribution map is presented, including new and previously published

records for the taxa treated here.

Key Words Salticids, South America, Caribbean, Andes.

RESUMEN

Una nueva especie de araña saltarina del género Maeota (Salticidae), M galeanoae sp nov

es descrita e ilustrada del departamento caribeño del Magdalena, Colombia Adicionalmente,

el género Anasaitis es reportado por primera vez para el país, con la especie A canalis, del departamento del Chocó Además, se presentan nuevos reportes para el país de Maeota

serrapophysis, en los departamentos de Magdalena, Quindío y Valle del Cauca, con los

individuos de la región sur presentando un patrón de coloración ligeramente diferente, conformado por un prosoma, abdomen y patas con un patrón reticulado marrón con gris De

la misma forma, nuevos datos faunísticos en el país se presentan para M betancuri e Ilargus

galianoae Finalmente, se incluye un mapa de distribución con estos nuevos datos y aquellos

previamente publicados para los taxones aquí tratados.

Palabras clave Saltícidos, Sudamérica, Caribe, Andes.

INTRODUCTION

Globally distributed, jumping spiders

(Salti cidae) make up the most

genera-rich and species-genera-rich family of the order

Araneae, and even one of the most diverse

groups of the subphylum Chelicerata, with 618 genera and more than 5900 of the Earth’s > 46000 known species of spiders (Prószyński 2016, World Spider Catalog 2016) Recently, salticids has been part of important studies in its

taxonomy, phylogenetics, biogeography

and evolution, which has permitted

unders tand its evolutionary patterns,

classification and actual distribution, in the

New and Old World (Maddison 2015) In

the latter paper, the author established a

phylogenetic classification of the genera

included in the family, and a division based

both in morphological and molecular data,

with seven subfamilies, 30 tribes, and 13

subtribes Of these tribes, the Euophyrini

represents the largest group in jumping

spiders, in both Old and New World, with

116 genera and more than 1080 species

(Maddison 2015, Zhang & Maddison

2015) The genera below mentioned belong

to this tribe of jumping spiders (Maddison

2015)

The genus Maeota Simon, 1901 currently

includes nine described species and is

distributed in the Neotropical region, from

Mexico to Venezuela and Brazil (World

Spider Catalog 2016) Zhang & Maddison

(2012a, 2015) provided the latest revision

of the group, giving systematic comments

of the genus, and transferring Pensacola

tuberculotibiata Caporiacco, 1955 to the

group In addition, the authors described

three new species, one of which (M simoni

Zhang & Maddison, 2012) was recently

synonymized with the Panamanian Maeota

serrapophysis (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936) by

Cheng et al (2015) Additionally, three new

species were described by Galvis (2014,

2015) from Colombia, and one more by

Garcilazo-Cruz & Álvarez-Padilla (2015)

from Mexico

In the same form, the genus Ilargus

Simon, 1901 includes ten accepted species

distributed in Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador

and Brazil (Galiano 1980, Braul et al 1997,

Edwards et al 2005, Galvis 2015, World

Spider Catalog 2016), whose males can be

recognized by their large palpal bulbs, with

large proximal tegular lobes, embolus long

with a wide spiral, and usually finger-like RTA (retrolateral tibial apophysis); while females can be recognized by their large epigynal windows, with a median septum, with short to long copulatory ducts (Zhang

& Maddison 2015) The genus Anasaitis

Bryant, 1950 includes 21 accepted species distributed mainly in the Greater Antilles, with only two species inhabiting continental

lands: A canalis (Chamberlin, 1925) from Panamá and A canosa (Walckenaer, 1837)

from United States and Cuba (Bryant 1950, Edwards 1999, Zhang & Maddison 2012b,

2015, World Spider Catalog 2016) Males

of the latter genus can be recognized by their usually short embolus, with a proximal tegular lobe, distal hematodocha highly reduced, and finger-like RTA; and females

by their epigynum without distinct window, and copulatory ducts usually short (Zhang & Maddison 2015)

The vast majority of known species, about 80%, are invertebrates, and worldwide conservation efforts have mostly relied on a few emblematic groups, being largely driven

by substantial confidence in the umbrella

species concept (Cardoso et al 2011a, b)

For this is important to point out that the current known distribution and number of New World jumping spiders is still poorly known and is probably overwhelming greater, considering the fact that only about 27% of the total species of spiders may be known (Coddington & Levi 1991) In this sense, faunistic and taxonomic studies on Neotropical arthropod species are important, both, to improve our knowledge about the biotic richness of one of the most biodiverse

regions in the world (Myers et al 2000), as

well as to combat two of the most important obstacles to the conservation of invertebrates: the well-known Linnean shortfall, most species are undescribed, and the Wallacean shortfall, the distribution of described species

is mostly unknown (Bini et al 2006, Cardoso

et al 2011b, Hortal et al 2015).

In this paper Maeota galeanoae sp nov

is described and illustrated from material

collected near to the Minca town at the

Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Magdalena,

Colombia Additionally, new records are

presented for the genera Ilargus and Maeota,

along with a new record of the genus

Anasaitis Bryant, 1950 from the country

Finally, a distribution map with these new

and previously published records for the

taxa here treated is included

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The material examined is deposited in the

Arachnological Collection of the Instituto

de Ciencias Naturales of the Universidad

Nacional de Colombia (ICN-Ar, current

curator: prof Eduardo Flórez), Bogotá,

Colombia; and the Invertebrate Collection

of the Universidad de los Andes (ANDESIN,

current curator Prof Emilio Realpe), Bogotá,

Colombia The multifocal photographs of

the genitalia of all species were taken with a

Leica MC-170 HD digital camera attached to

a Leica M205A stereomicroscope, and then

united by the image stacking software Leica

Application Suite version 4.6.0 The general

format of descriptions follows Galvis (2015)

The photographs of the remaining material

in laboratory and measurements were taken

with an AmScope MU300 digital camera,

attached to an Advanced Optics JSZ-6

stereomicroscope The photographs of the

live specimens were taken with a Nikon

D7100 camera, with a Nikkor 105 mm f/2,8

macro lens and a Raynox DCR-250 Super

Macro lens attached to the macro lens

Platnick & Shadab (1975) was used, with

minor modifications, as model for describing

leg macreosetae For visualization of female

genitalia, the epigynal plate was dissected

and cleared in 10% KOH The measurements

are in millimeters

Abbreviations used in the text and figures

are: AMNH = American Museum of Natural

History, Central Park, New York, USA; MCZ = Museum of Comparative Zoology, Invertebrate Zoology (Harvard University), Cambridge, USA; OC = ocular quadrangle; QCAZ = Museum of Zoology, Pontificia Universidad Católica, Quito, Ecuador; RTA

= retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD = sperm duct; TL = proximal tegular lobe; UBC-SEM= Spencer Entomological Collection at the Beaty Biodiversity Museum, University

of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; VTA = ventral tibial apophysis; cd = copulatory duct; co = copulatory opening;

d = dorsal; di = distal; e = embolus; ed = embolic disc; ew = apigynal window; fd = fertilization duct; m = meters above mean sea level; me = medial; p = prolateral; pr = proximal; r = retrolateral; sp = spermathecal;

v = ventral The information in square brackets was added for complementing the label data Records without coordinates in the label were approximated to locations via the gazetteers GeoLocator (http://tools freeside.sk/geolocator/geolocator.html) and GeoNames (http://www.geonames.org/) The distributional map was prepared in the QGIS “Lyon” (version 2.12.2, http://www qgis.org/es/site/)

RESULTS Salticidae Blackwall, 1841 Salticinae Blackwall, 1841 Euophryini Simon, 1901

Maeota Simon, 1901 Maeota galeanoae sp nov.

Figs 1a-d, 2a-d, 6

Types Holotype: male from Colombia,

Magdalena, Santa Marta, Corregimiento Minca, Hacienda La Victoria, Sector Jabalí Alto, Quebrada Jabalí, alrededores Cascada (VIC4), 11.119°N, 74.081°W, 1293 m, Jul

2015, W Galvis & CARBIO team, ICN-Ar

8080 Paratypes: three females with same

data as holotype, ICN-Ar 8081, 8093; one

female from same municipality as holotype,

Hacienda La Victoria, Quebrada Jabalí,

Sector Jabalí Alto (VIC5), 11.120°N,

74.082°W, 1323 m, Jul 2015, W Galvis &

CARBIO team, ICN-Ar 8092.

Diagnosis Males of M galeanoae sp

nov can be distinguished from those of the

remaining species of the genus, except M

tuberculotibiata (Caporiacco, 1955) by the

Figures 1a-d Maeota galeanoae sp nov., male holotype (ICN-Ar 8080), a-d) left palp, a) ventral

view, b) embolus, detail, c) prolateral view, d) retrolateral view Scale bar = 0.20 mm (a, c-d); 0.05 mm

(b) e = embolus; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD = sperm duct; TL = proximal tegular lobe; VTA = ventral tibial apophysis.

presence of a VTA From M tuberculotibiata

can be distinguished by their shorter embolus, straight distally, with one lap, and a shorter

and pointed VTA, versus longer and rounded

in that species, and a longer RTA (Figs 1a-d) Females can be distinguished of those

of the remaining species of the genus by their anterior and laterally disposed short copulatory ducts, with anterior oval and smaller spermathecae (Figs 2a-b)

Description Male (holotype) Total

length: 4.09 Carapace brown with two

white lateral stripes and one white mark

posterior to the OC, 2.15 long, 1.66 wide,

1.28 high (Fig 2c) OC brown, 0.99 long

Anterior eye row 1.56 wide and posterior

1.49 wide Sternum white, 0.88 long, 0.65

wide Labium dark brown, 0.20 long, 0.30

wide Endites dark brown Chelicerae dark

brown, with one retromarginal and two

promarginal teeth Palp brown with wide

embolus, short and pointed VTA, and

lanceolated RTA (Figs 1a-d) Legs 4312, 1

brown, 2-4 white Leg macrosetae: femur,

I-IV d 2 di, p 1 di, r 1 di; patella, I-IV p 1

me, r 1 me; tibia, I-II v 2-2-2, p 1-1-1, d 1

pr, r 0-1-1; III-IV v 1-0-2, p 1-1-1, d 1 pr, r

1-1-1; metatarsus, I-II v 2-2, p 1-1, r 1-1; III

v 2-2, p 1-0-2, r 1-0-2; IV v 1-1, p 1-1-2, r

1-1-2 Abdomen dorsally whitish with two

longitudinal brown stripes, ventrally white

Spinnerets brown (Fig 2c)

Female (paratype, ICN-Ar 8081) Total

length 4.99 Carapace light brown with two dark brown longitudinal stripes, 2.04 long, 1.44 wide, 1.21 high (Fig 2d) OC brown, 0.95 long Anterior eye row 1.59 wide and posterior 1.52 wide Sternum white, 0.80 long, 0.62 wide Labium light brown, 0.18 long, 0.25 wide Endites light brown Chelicerae light brown, with one retromarginal and two promarginal teeth Legs 4312, all white Leg macrosetae: femur, I d 2 di, p 1 di; II, IV d 2 di, p 1 di,

r 1 di; III d 2 di, p 1 di, r 1 di; patella, I p 1 me; II-IV p 1 me, r 1 me; tibia, I v 2-2-2, p 0-1-1, r 1 di; II v 2-2-2, p 0-1-1, d 1 pr, r 1 di; III v 1-0-2, p 0-1-1, d 1 pr, p 0-1-1; IV v 0-1-2, p 1-1-1, d 1 pr, r 1-1-1; metatarsus, I-II v 2-2, p 1-1, r 1-1; III v 2-0-2, p 1-0-2, r 1-0-2; IV v 1-0-1, p 1-1-2, r 1-1-2 Abdomen white with two longitudinal dorsal-wide and two longitudinal lateral-thin brown stripes, ventrally white Spinnerets brown (Fig 2d)

Figures 2a-d Maeota galeanoae sp nov a-b) female paratype, epigynum (ICN-Ar 8081), a) ventral

view, b) dorsal view; c) male holotype, habitus (ICN-Ar 8080); d) female paratype, habitus Scale bar = 0.10 mm (a-b); 0.50 mm (c-d) co = copulatory opening; cd = copulatory duct; ew = apigynal window; fd = fertilization duct; sp = spermathecae.

Figures 3a-d Living spider photos of Maeota serrapophysis (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936), (ICN-Ar

3399), a-b) male, a) frontal view, b) dorsolateral view; c-d) female, c) frontolateral view, d) dorsolateral view Scale bar = aprox 1.00 mm (a-d) Figures a-d are copyright © 2016 J.S Moreno, released under

a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 3.0 license.

Epigynum (Figs 2a-b), with anterior and

lateral copulatory openings, wide epigynal

windows, short copulatory ducts and

pos-terior oval spermathecae with centrally

disposed fertilization ducts

Variation (n=4 females) Total length

3.71-4.99 Carapace length 1.83-2.04

Etymology The specific epithet is a

patronym in honor of Dr Gloria Amparo

Galeano Garcés, who made great

contri-butions in taxonomic studies of plants

from Colombia and the Neotropical region,

especially in the palm family

Distribution and Natural History

Colombia (Magdalena) (Fig 6) The material

examined was collected beating low shrubs

in a preserved wet-mountain forest

New records

Maeota serrapophysis (Chamberlin &

Ivie, 1936)

Figs 3a-d, 4a-g, 6

Note For further taxonomic information

and diagnosis see Cheng et al (2015:

7), Chickering (1946: 153) and Zhang & Maddison (2012b: 25)

Material examined COLOMBIA,

Mag-da lena: 1 male, 1 female, Santa Marta,

Minca, Hacienda La Victoria, parte alta Río Gaira, [11.137°N, 74.098°W], [900

m], 28 Jul 2015, W Galvis, ICN-Ar 3381

Quindío: 1 male, 3 females, La Tebaida,

Valle de Maravelez, Hacienda Maravelez,

4.482°N, 75.813°W, 1239 m 5 Mar 2016, V

Muñoz-Charry, ANDESIN 2972 Valle del

Cauca: 3 males, 1 female, Buga, Parque

Natural Regional (PNR) El Vínculo, 3.848°N, 76.787°W, 980 m, 28 Nov 2014,

J.S Moreno, ICN-Ar 3399.

Morphological Variation The males and

females from Southern Colombia (Valle del Cauca, figs 3a-d) present a different pattern

of coloration in comparison with those from Northern Colombia (Magdalena, figs 4a-g), with prosoma, abdomen and legs with a

reticulated brown pattern of coloration, but

without any difference in the reproductive

characters, so here they are considered as be

part of the same species Chickering (1946:

155) and Cheng et al (2015: 10) previously

noticed this high color variation, both in

males and females

Distribution and Natural History Panama

(Colón, Panamá, Darién) and Colombia (Magdalena, Quindío, Valle del Cauca) (Fig 6) Known altitudinal distribution:

20-1239 m New record from Colombia The

species has been found beating foliage of

plants such as Eugenia procera (Sw.) Poir

Figures 4a-f Maeota serrapophysis (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936), (ICN-Ar 3381), a-c) left male palp, a)

proventral view, b) ventral view, c) retrolateral view; d-e) female epigynum, d) dorsal view, e) cleared, ventral view; f) male, habitus; g) female, habitus Scale bar=0.20 mm (a-c), 0.10 mm (d-e), 0.50 mm (f-g) co = copulatory opening, e = embolus, fd = fertilization duct, RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis,

SD = sperm duct, sp = spermatheca, TL = proximal tegular lobe.

(Myrtaceae) and Sapindus saponaria L

(Sapindaceae) in one of the few preserved

relicts of the most endangered ecosystem of

the country (i.e.the tropical dry forest), and

beating foliage in wet forest near to a river

in low shrubs

Maeota betancuri Galvis, 2015

Fig 6

Note For diagnosis and further taxonomic

information, see Galvis (2015: 37)

Material examined COLOMBIA, Tolima:

1 female, Rovira, Vereda Martínez, Finca

La Gaitana, camino a Quebrada El Salado, 4.291°N, 75.208°W, [830 m], 29 May to

2 Jun 2015, W Galvis, V Muñoz, ICN-Ar

7978 Cundinamarca: 1 male, 2 female,

Figures 5a-g Ilargus galianoae Zhang & Maddison, 2012, male, (ICN-Ar 3398), a-d) living male,

a-b) frontal views, c) dorsal view, d) lateral view; e-f) left palp, e) prolateral view, f) ventral view, g) retrolateral view Scale bar= aprox 1.00 mm (a-d), 0.20 mm (e-f) e = embolus, ed = embolic disc, RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis, SD = sperm duct Figures a-d are copyright © 2016 J.S Moreno, released under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 3.0 license.

La Mesa, Agroparque Mutis, [4.630°N,

74.463°W], 950 m, 21 Nov 2015, C Mora,

F Cala-Riquelme, N Castro Cortéz, V

Muñoz, ANDESIN 2971, ICN-Ar 3389,

ICN-Ar 3390; 1 female, Zipacón, Vereda

La Cabaña, Finca Villa Mercy, [4.761°N,

74.374°W], 1500 m, 29 Nov 2014, D Luna

leg, ICN-Ar 3377.

Distribution and Natural History Only

known from Colombia (Cundinamarca,

Tolima) (Fig 6) Known altitudinal

distribution: 830-1700 m New record

from the Andean state of Tolima, and the

municipalities of La Mesa and Zipacón

(Cundinamarca) The species has been

found beating low shrubs in disturbed and dry Andean forests The specimen was collected beating low shrubs in a low-dry Andean ecosystem, and in a farm, in a palm crop

Anasaitis canalis (Chamberlin, 1925)

Fig 6

Note For diagnosis and further taxonomic

information see Chickering (1946: 136) and Zhang & Maddison (2015: 15, figs 13-19, 660-661)

Material examined COLOMBIA, Chocó:

5 males, 5 females, Acandí, Sapzurro,

Figure 6 Known distribution of the species of Anasaitis Bryant, Maeota Simon and Ilargus Simon

treated here, from Panama to Colombia and Ecuador.

Reserva Natural Tacarcuna, 8.663°N,

77.366°W, 13 m, Jun 2015, W Galvis and

CARBIO team, ICN-Ar 8100.

Distribution and Natural History Panama

(Bocas del Toro, Canal Zone Biological

Area) and Colombia (Chocó) (Fig 6)

Known altitudinal distribution: 4-178 m

New record for Colombia Both males and

females were all collected together above or

under leaf litter, in quantities at least of 3 or 4

individuals per m2, in an disturbed

lowland-wet forest near human constructions

Ilargus galianoae Zhang & Maddison,

2012

Figs 5a-g, 6

Note For diagnosis and further taxonomic

information, see Zhang & Maddison (2012b:

16)

Material examined COLOMBIA,

Caque-tá: 1 male, 1 female, Parque Nacional Natural

Los Pichachos, Guayabal-Andalucía,

[2.696°N, 74.882°W], 1700 m, 17 to 24 Nov

1997, V Rodríguez, ICN-Ar 3359-3360

Putumayo: 1 male, San Francisco, Vereda

Minchoy, road to Patacoyo river, 1.206°N,

76.835°W, 2345 m, 15 May 2015, J.S

Moreno, ICN-Ar 3398.

Distribution and Natural History Known

from Colombia (Risaralda, Caquetá,

Putu-mayo) and Ecuador (Morona Santiago)

(Fig 6) Known altitudinal distribution:

1700-2345 m New record from the

Caquetá and Putumayo states The species

have been found beating foliage of median

shrubs and foraging among the rocks and

dried leaves on roads of two well-preserved

Andean forests Zhang & Maddison (2015:

112, fig 779) presented a photograph of an

unconfirmed live male that may correspond

to the species, based in the coloration

pattern of the male examined here (Figs

5a-d)

AUTHORS PARTICIPATION

JSM and WG collected, revised and diagnosed the material WG was responsible for species description WG and JSM revised literature, drafted the manuscript and contributed to the critical discussion WG prepared the images JSM take the pictures

of the living spiders Both authors read and approved the final manuscript

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Authors thank to Eduardo Flórez-Daza (ICN-Ar) for allowing us to examine the referenced material, for his support and advices To Valentina Muñoz-Charry (Universidad de los Andes) for the invitation to collect in the Tolima state, and for permit the revision

of her own jumping spider material To Natividad and Henry for the assistance and help in that last field trip To Ingi Agnarsson (University of Vermont), Alexander Sabogal (Universidad Nacional de Colombia) and the CARBIO team for their invitation to collect in the northern Caribbean coast of Colombia, for the CARBIO project, and

to Fabio and Martha for the assistance and help in that field trip, in the Tacarcuna Natural Reserve, Chocó, Colombia

To the Laboratorio de Equipos Ópticos Compartidos (LEOC), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, for their help in photographing the material examined

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