Bí quyết chinh phục tiếng anh nâng cao. ĐIỂM NỔI BẬT CỦA CUỐN SÁCH: Tích hợp 25 chủ điểm ngữ pháp với tất cả các kiến thức ngữ Pháp từ cơ bản đến Nâng cao như: Thì, mạo từ, từ đồng nghĩa, cặp động từ dễ nhầm lẫn, mệnh đề quan hệ… Cấu trúc và cách dùng của các phần ngữ pháp được giải thích “Chi tiết” bằng tiếng Việt. Bài tập ngữ pháp chuyên sâu ở mức độ Khó vừa và Khó có đáp án được giải thích chi tiết về Nghĩa Cấu trúc ngữ pháp được dùng trong bài Ví dụ nhắc lại ngữ pháp. Bổ sung những mẹo, Tips làm những bài tiếng Anh khó dễ nhầm lẫn giúp người học tự tin chinh phục mọi dạng Ngữ Pháp Tiếng Anh.
Trang 1DifCiNG HU'ONG
(Chii Bien)
BI QUYtT CHINH PHCJC NGIT MAP BENG MN
NAND CAO
:Pi
NHA XUAT BAN DAI HOC QUOC GIA HA NOI
Trang 3131 QUIIT CHINH PHUC NGU PHAP TItNG ANH NANG CAO
THAY LOI NOI DAU
MEGABOOK MUON CAC EM HIEU DUVC GIA TR! CUA VIEC TV HOC
TV HOC DOT PHA DANH THCC TIEM NANG TRONG BAN
Chao cac em hoc sinh than men
Megabook cho ra deli b0 sach Grammar For You nham muc Bich giup cac em Wang cao kha
nang tit hoc va ciac biet phat then tu'duy cua minh ye mon hoc do
Megabook hieu cltidc viec phat then tu' duy, tri tue con ngudi a tao nen ski thanh cong nhu
Bill Gates, Steve Jobs hay Mark Zuckerberg 80% la dy'a vao viec tit hoc, tu' nghien tutu den say me Viec tit hoc kh6ng hen th6ng qua sach vd, ma th6ng qua sot quan sat cu6c song xung quanh,
qua internet, hay don gian la hoc hoi kinh nghiern cua ngudi di trubc
Viec tii hoc se giup cac em phat huy tiem nang cua ban than, nhan thay nhCing kha nang,
so trudng cua chinh minh con Bang an giau clau do trong tiem thut ma cac em chu'a nhan ra
Viec tvhpc glop cac em tang kha nang to duy, xt:t 19 cac van a nhanh nhay, thich nghi va clap Ung tot ham vai sit thay cl6i cua moi trudng va xa h6i
Viec tit hoc xay Ong ban nang sinh ton, phan xa tot horn cho moi con nguti
Sinh ra & tren dal moi du'a tre cla biet tvhpc hoi nhu'viec quan sat, nhin moi vat xung quanh, nghe nhieu va roi biet noi.Viec tvhpc that ra rat tit nhien, den truting la mot phadng phap giup
kith thich sit tvhpc.Va thay c6 chi co the hudng den va tao cam hirng cho kh6ng the day thong
to moi this
TOm lai vie( tvhpc se giup moi ngudi dOt pha trong sot nghiep va cu6c song MOt kisu biet to hoc se d6t pha cho nhang tong trinh vi dai, mot bac si say me nghien cu'u se dOt pha tra thanh bac
si tai nang tutu china bao nhieu nguti, mot giao vier) tit Wang cao chuyen mon moi ngay se [Dien
nhCing gid hoc nham than thanh day cam hang va thu vi.Bolvayviec tvhpcse giup bat k9 ai thanh
cong va hanh ph& hem trong cu6c song
Bie't tiihoc => Nang cao kha nang to duy, xi 19 van de nhanh
Blet tit hoc => Tang kha nang thich nghi, phan xa nhanh vai moi trudng
Bie't tit hoc => Tao ra nhitng cong dan u'u to giup dat nude va nhan loci
ty hoc => Giup moi ngtidi thanh cong trong cuOc song, cl6t pha trong sit nghiep
5
Trang 4B3 Mega book Chuyin Gia Scich Luyen
Trang 5B1 QUM' CHINH PHUC NO PHAP TIE'NG ANH NANG CAO
UNIT 10: ANOTHER-OTHER-OTHERS-THE OTHER-THE OTHERS-
Trang 6M Mega book Chuyen Gia Stich Luyen Thi
Trang 7BI OMIT CHINH PHUC NO NAP TItNG ANN NANG CAO
a BAI TEST NANG WC HIEN TAI
1 My cousin has a/an clock
A old nice red Italian C nice old Italian red B nice old red Italian D Italian red nice old
2 There are boys in this school than in that school
3 My younger sister, Linda a book until she was ten
A never reads C has never read B never read D was never reading
4 Mike dinner at 5 o'clock yesterday
A is cooking B cooks C was cooking D cooked
5 The bell when we dinner yesterday
A was ringing- were having C rang- were having
B rang- had D was ringing- had
6 The man arrived at the bus stop after we for him for about 2 hours
A had waited B were waiting C waited D have waited
7 Where since you from university, John?
A have you taught - have graduated C did you teach - graduated
B did you teach - have graduated D have you taught - graduated
8 Sarah says that she this test by 9 o'clock tomorrow morning
A will finish B has finished C finishes D will have finished
9 Tom on the beach at this time next week
A is going to lie B will lie C will be lying D lies
10 Somebody my handbag on the bus
11 I must go now I promise late
A not being B not to be C not being D won't be
12 Don't forget the letter I gave you
13 I had my bike yesterday
A repair B repaired C repairing D to repair
14 This old school before the first semester
A needs restored C needs to restore B needs restoring D needs to restoring
15 Dinosaurs are believed many years ago
A die out C to die out B to have died out D having died out
1 9
Trang 8M Mega book Chuyen Gia Sach Luyen Thi
16 My brother said he at home
A is staying B has stayed C was staying D will stay
17 James asked me in English
A what does this word mean C what did this word mean
B what that word means D what that word meant
18 .the time passes, I feel
A The faster / the nervous C The fast / the more nervous
B The more fast / the nervous D The faster / the more nervous
19 Her house is mine
A twice as big as C as two times big as B as twice big as D as big as twice
20 In this country, many people have difficulty a job to support their family
21 Of the two tables, the round one is
A the nicest B the nicer C nicer D a nice one
22 I would have visited you if I busy doing homework
A won't be B hadn't been C wouldn't be D weren't
23 I wish it a holiday today
it not been for the heavy rain, we would have gone fishing
25 If Lisa had studied hard last year, she a student now
A would be B would have been C will be D is
26 The girl is our neighbor
A talks to the woman over there C was talking to the woman over there
B is talking to the woman over there D talking to the woman over there
27 The man with I have been working is very friendly
28 We get high marks,
A that makes our parents happy C whom makes our parents happy
B which makes our parents happy D who makes our parents happy
29 My aunt has two children,
A neither of whom are living in the city B none of them are living in the city
C both of them are living in the city D all of them are living in the city
30 When I was young, I fishing every afternoon
A was used to go B used to go C used to going D used to be going
24
A If
Trang 9B1 QUIIT CHINH PIN( NGU PHAP TIMG ANH NANG CAO
31 She blamed her father's death him
32 The purpose of this book is a complete guide to the university
33 determines a good meal varies from country to country
34 This task is too difficult for us
35 Michael has learnt very fast He has made an progress
A astonish B astonishing C astonishment D astonished
36 John is disappointed at the result of the match
37 We have enough food at home so we do some shopping today
38 The party was very terrible Nobody enjoyed
39 , I forgot my homework Therefore, I got a bad mark
40 Neither Mary nor I happy about that result
41 That he takes this course very certain
42 a week goes by without some road accidents
43 We would rather coffee than tea
44 Let's go for walk, ?
45 It's imperative that our country on improving its public education system
46 We didn't go for a walk it was very cold
47 the liberation of women, women can take part in social activities
11
Trang 10B3 Mega book Chuyen Gia Stich Luyen 7hi
48 , I went swimming
A As was a child C As be a child B As a child D I was a child
49 , I felt very happy
A When I gave a gift by my boyfriend C Giving a gift by my boyfriend
B When giving a gift by my boyfriend D Given a gift by my boyfriend
50 You really should go to Paris The scenery is stunning and the people here are very friendly and hospitable
A absolutely B fairy C very D extremely
Ban hay dila ra ke hoach on tap pha hop cho minh sau bai Test nang hfc nhe!
Trang 112 Present (+) S + to be (am/ is/ are) + V-ing
progressive tense (-) S + to be + not + V-ing
(?) To be + S + V-ing ?
3 Present perfect (+) S + have/ has + PP
tense (-) S + have/ has + not + PP
(?) Have/ Has + S+ PP ?
4 Present perfect (+) S + have/ has + been + V-ing
progressive tense (-) 5 + have/ has + not + been + V-ing
(?) Have/ Has + S+ been + V-ing ?
5 Past simple tense (+) S + V past +
(-) S + did + not + V (bare -inf)
(?) Did + S + V (bare- inf) ?
6 Past progressive (+) S + to be (was/ were) + V-ing
tense (-) 5 + to be + not + V-ing
(?) To be + S + V-ing ?
7 Past perfect tense (+) S +had + PP
(-) S + had + not + PP
(?) Had + S + PP ?
(+) S +had + been + V-ing
(-) S + had + not + been + V-ing
(?) Had + S + been + V-ing ?
(+) S + will/ shall +V (bare-inf)
(-) S + will/ shall + not + V (bare-inf)
(?) Will/ Shall + S +V (bare-inf) ?
Trang 12B3 Mega book Chuyen Gia Sach Luyen Thi
10 Future progressive (+) S + will + be + V-ing
tense (-) S + will+ not + be + V-ing
(?) Will + S + be + V-ing ?
11 Future perfect (+) S + will have + PP
tense (-) S + will+ not + have PP
(?) Will + S + have PP ?
12 Future perfect (+) S + will have been + V-ing
progressive tense (-) S + will+ not + have been + V-ing
(?) Will + S + have been + V-ing ?
Trang 13Bi QUYET CHINH PHUC NO NAP TING ANH NANG CAO
a EXERCISE
► I Put the verb in the bracket into the correct form
1 My brother (buy) some land in southern France recently He (build) a
summer house there at the moment
2 Andy and Mary (go) to a concert tomorrow night They
(look forward to) it the whole week
3 John (watch) the news on TV every day and it (help) him
with his English
4 My car (break) down when I (drive) home from work I
(fix) it if I (know) what was wrong
5 When he (found) Microsoft, Bill Gates was only 20 years old He
(already write) his first computer program six years earlier
6 An accident (happen) near my house last night A car (hit) a
young man He (ride) his bike when someone in front of him suddenly
(open) a car door Many people (see) the accident The police
(interrogate) them last night
7 Mrs Smith said that one day she (retire) from teaching She said that she
(spend) her new free time learning about computers
8 I (not sleep) at all last night Someone (listen) to music all night
9 I (see) a film a week ago, but I (not enjoy) it very much because I
(already read) the book If I (not read) the book I (probably enjoy) the film more
10 The judge sentenced the man to eight years in prison because he (rob) a bank
11 They (stand) in the queue for over an hour when the manager
(tell) them that there were no more tickets
12 Alan (be) in the car accident yesterday The other driver (lose) control
of his car because he (fall) asleep
13 She (not see) her father since she (start) to work in Marseille two years ago
14 I (sleep) when the fire broke out
15 Linda phoned and explained that she would not be able to come to the party the next day
because she (be) still sick
16 I (just see) the film "The Da Vinci Code" - (you see) it too? - No,
I haven't but I read the book
Trang 14M Mega book Chuyen Gia Sach Luyen Thi
18 Unless he (sell) more he won't get much money
19 While he (wait) for the bus there (be) a robbery at the bank After the robbers (go) away the police (come) but they were not able to catch them
20.1 (use) to ski when I was at the university but I (break) a leg five years ago and since then I (not ski) any more
21 I (see) a great film yesterday
22 (you ever buy) a new car?
23 I (meet) him last Monday
24 The band while I (play, write)
25 She the new car in 2005 (buy)
26 Her mother in Victoria for five years (live)
27 They in Germany when we arrived a few days ago (already be)
28 to get married? (you plan)
29 I so much fun since I was a kid (not have)
30 When I got up I out of the window and that it
(look, see, rain)
31 Janet for Smith and Brothers before she came to work for us (work)
32 I three movies so far this week (see)
33 How long for me? (you wait)
34 I over Loch Ness last week - the Loch Ness monster? (fly, you see)
35 I'm afraid I'm not hungry I (already eat)
36 Peter football in the afternoon when he got the call (play)
37 "What between 9 and 12 yesterday morning?", the detective said (you do)
38 He kept looking at her, wondering where he her before (see)
39 The doctor's waiting room was full of people Some people newspapers, a woman and a child with a doll Suddenly the door
and a nurse out (read, knit, play, open, come)
40 Travelling much easier and more comfortable in the past hundred years (become)
41 I cake That's why my hands are full of flour (bake)
42 When I first came to this house it quite a noisy area (be)
43 He twisted his ankle while he (ski)
44 the doors before you leave the house? (you lock)
Trang 15BI QUYET CHINH PHUC NGII PHAP TIENG ANN NANG CAO
45 My best friend and I each other for 15 years (know)
46 Jack usually but he doesn't smoke when his father comes (smoke)
47 breakfast yet? - Yes I had it together with Sue at 7 (you have)
48 I this kind of work when I was a small boy (do)
49 He the paper when his wife came home (read)
50 He for an hour now I'll be finished soon (speak)
51 How long _John and Maria?- We met the couple over thirteen years ago (you
know)
52 He in Oxford for two years and when his mother died he moved to London
(live)
53 After Harry his work he Jude from the office (finish, call)
54 You your homework for two hours Haven't you finished yet? (do)
55 He always to the supermarket alone, but today he his son with
him (go, take)
56 He never in the evening, only on Sundays (work)
57 I to South America but I have been to New York several times (never, be)
58 Jean? - No, she probably went to her friend's place anyone, see)
60 Lee late every day since Tuesday (be)
61 When we reach Land's End, we 1,500 km (walk)
62 I saw him when he the house I at the corner when he
by He a word and I a word either (leave, just stand, pass, not say,
not say)
63 It's a beautiful drive I am sure you the scenery (enjoy)
64 The car If you get in, Tom and I you a push (not start, give)
65 I put the five-pound notes into one of the books; but the next day it me ages to
find it because I which book I it in (take, forget, put)
66 He the bagpipes since six this morning He (play, just stop)
67 My son work yet He's still at High School - How long at school? - He
there for six years Before that he spent five years at primary school (not start, he
be, be)
68 Mary: I wonder what he now Ann: Well, his girlfriend
too, so I suppose he Japanese (say, come, speak)
69 When I first met him he architecture (study)
from Japan
17
Trang 16M) Mega book Chuyen Gia Sach Luyen Thi
70 While we someone into the house and us this note (fish, break, leave)
71 It won't be easy to get out of the country The police all of the ports (watch)
72 If I catch some fish, them for me? (you cook)
73 He to come last night (not forget)
74 It for two hours so the game has been postponed (rain)
75 When I him, he a picture of his wife last night (see, paint)
76 The car had nobody in it but the engine (run)
77 Tom can't have the newspaper now because his aunt it (read)
78 After five years of travelling through Asia I back to Europe next week I
the flight (go, already book)
79 Where tonight? - I out with Peter (you go, go)
80 At 3 A.M, Jane up her husband and said that she that someone
to get into the house (wake, think, try)
81 When you see me next time I my new sunglasses (wear)
82 This bike in our family for the last 14 years My father it for the first five years, then my brother it and I it since then (be, use, ride, have)
83 Some time ago I that our mayor to go to Iceland (read, want)
84 You see, Doctor, she ill two days ago and since then she anything I'm sure she several kilos (feel, not eat, lose)
85 Most people at work when the fire (be, start)
86 Jenny (never fall) in love until she (meet) Ben two years ago
87 Mike (not stop) studying until he (revise) all topics this evening
88 When the old woman (hear) that her grandson (arrest) for robbery, she got a big shock
89 When Lisa (have) problems at school, her parents (usually help) her to cope with them
90 We (wait) for the bus for nearly half an hour, but it (not arrive) yet so I don't think we (be able to) attend the meeting on time
91 When Sally (graduate) from university next year, she (study) English for nearly four years
92 While the children (play) by the lake, one of them (drop) his ball and
(try) to get it out himself
93 Tomorrow at around 7.30 pm, I (drive) through America
94 Builders (finish) the Millennium Dome by the end of the year 2000
Trang 17BI QUYET CHINH PHUC PHAP TING ANH NANG CAO
95 When I (have) another look I (realize) the shirt in the laundry
(shrink)
96 I was exhausted at the end of the exam I (write) for over two hours
97 When thieves stole my favorite leather jacket, I was really upset I (have) it for over ten years
98 No one even noticed when I got home They (all watch) the big game on TV
99 We didn't really want to go and see the musical again We (already see) it twice - so
we said "no" and we went to a restaurant instead!
100.1arrived over an hour late to the office and everyone was working Actually, they
(work) for over two hours on the new project and I felt really guilty
II Choose the underlined part in each sentence (A, B, C, or D) that needs correcting
1 After Mrs Smith had (A) returned (B) to her house (C) from work, she (D) was cooking dinner
2 Tim (A) threw the ball (B) high in the air, and Betty (C) is catching it (D) when it came down
3 Lisa has (A) worn her (B) new yellow dress (C) only once since she (D) buys it
4 Last week Mark (A) told me that he (B) qot very bored with his present job and (C) is looking for
a (D) new one
5 (A) Having fed the dog, he (B) was sat down (C) to his (D) own meal
6 When I turned on my computer, I was (A) shocked (B) to find some junk mail, (C) and I
(D) delete it all
7 They are going (A) to have to (B) leave soon and (C) so do (D) we
8 The boss laughed when the secretary (A) has told him that she (B) really (C) needed a (D) pay rise
9 The telephone rang several (A) times and (B) then (C) stop before I (D) could answer it
10 Mike, (A) whose father is an excellent tennis (B) player, (C) has been playing tennis (D) since ten years
11 I (A) have seen (B) lots of (C) interesting places when I (D) went on holiday last summer
12 When my cat (A) heard a noise in the bushes, she stopped (B) moving and (C) listen (D)
intently
13 I (A) think it's time you (B) change your (C) way of (D) living
14 Robinson felt (A) the outside of his pocket (B) to make sure (C) his wallet (D) is still there
15 When (A) I'm shopping in the supermarket, I ran (B) into an old friend whom I (C) hadn't met (D) for five years
16 (A) Thepolice arrested the man (B) while he (C) is having dinner (D) in a restaurant
17 Peter and Daisy (A) first met (B) in 2006, and they (C) are married for three years (D) now
19
Trang 1811) Mega book Outyen Gia Sach Luyen Thi
18 (A) Some people (B) are believing that there is life (C) on (D) other planets
19 Recently, (A) the island of Hawaii (B) had been the subject of (C) intensive research (D) on the occurrence of earthquakes
20 Every morning, the sun (A) shines in my bedroom (B) window and (C) waking me (D) up,
21 The man died (A) as a result (B) of falling (C) asleep while he (D) drives,
22 I (A) haven't finished the report (B) yet, but by the time you (C) return I (D) will certainly complete it
23 Kate (A) has worn her new (B) yellow dress only (C) once since she (D) buys it
24 (A) We'll be cycled to (B) Hoa's village (C) at this time (D) next Sunday
25 What (A) will you (B) d o (C) when your friends (D) won't come?
26 Someone (A) was_knocking at (B) the door when I (C) was doing the (D) washing_up
27 My friend (A) didn't drink (B) any beer since we (C) came to live (D) Mere
28 We have (A) written to (B) each other (C) when we (D) were in primary school
29 (A) After breakfast, I'm (B) gone to walk (C) to school (D) with my friends
30 (A) Did he (B) go to the pop concert next (C) weekend for (D) a change?
Trang 19BI QUYET CHINH PHUC NGU' PHAP TIENG ANN NANG CAO
ANSWER KEY
► I Put the verb in the bracket into the correct form
1 has bought - is building
2 are going - have been looking forward to
3 watches - helps
4 broke - was driving - would have fixed - had known
5 founded - had already written
6 happened - hit - was riding - opened - saw - interrogated
7 would retire - would spend
8 didn't sleep - was listening
9 saw - didn't enjoy - had already read - hadn't read - would probably have enjoyed
10 had robbed
11 had been standing - told
12 was - lost - had fallen
13 hasn't seen - started
14 was sleeping
15 was
16 have just seen - Have you seen
17 is flying - will arrive - am leaving
18 sells
19 was waiting - was - had gone - came
20 used - broke - haven't skied
26 has lived/ has been living
27 had already been
28 Are you planning
29 haven't had
30 looked - saw - was raining
21
Trang 20))) Mega book Chuyen Gia Scich Luyen Thi
, pleamminommimac
31 had been working/ had worked
32 have seen
33 have you been waiting
34 flew - Did you see
35 have already eaten
50 has been speaking
51 have you known
52 had been living
53 had finished - called
54 have been doing
55 goes - is taking
56 works
57 have never been
58 Has anyone seen
59 went
60 has been
61 will have walked
62 left - was just standing - passed - didn't say - didn't say
63 will enjoy
64 doesn't start - will give
Trang 21BI QUYET CHINH PHUC NGIJ PHAP TIENG ANH NANG CAO
65 took - forgot - had put
66 has been playing - has just stopped
67 hasn't started - has he been - has been
68 is saying - comes - is speaking
74 has been raining
75 saw - was painting
76 was running
77 is reading
78 will go - have already booked
79 are you going - am going
80 woke - thought - was trying
86 had never fallen - met
87 won't stop - revises
88 heard - had been arrested
89 has - usually help
90 have been waiting - hasn't arrived - will be able to
91 graduates, will have been studying
92 were playing - dropped - tried
93 will be driving
94 had finished
95 had - realized - had shrunk
96 had been writing
97 had had
98 were all watching
I 23
Trang 22M Mega book Chuyen Gia Sack Luyen Thi
99 had already seen
100 had been working
► II Choose the underlined part in each sentence (A, B, C, or D) that needs correcting
1 D was cooking -> cooked
2 C is catching -> caught
3 D buys -> bought
4 C is looking -> was looking
5 B was sat -> sat
14 D is still -> was still
15 A I'm shopping -> I was shopping
16 C is having -> was having
17 C are -> have been
18 B are believing -> believe
19 B had been -> has been
20 C waking -> wakes
21 D drives -> was driving
22 D will certainly complete -> will have certainly completed
23 D buys -> bought
24 A We'll be cycled -> We'll be cycling
25 D won't come -> don't come
26 A was knocking -> knocked
27 A didn't drink -> hasn't drunk
28 C when -> since
29 B gone -> going
30 A Did -> Will
Trang 23AD dai - Vift Nam
Ta ao dai thuat tha bay nhe nhe trong gio at hcin khong can la hinh anh xa nhi'& du khach khi cign Viet Nam Ao dai la trang phyc truyen thimg gem 2 phan la do co cao voi td dai een dau g6i va quan emg rang vita phcii bang lya hay vizi mem Ao dai nhu mot bie'u wow ve ye do mOc mac, gian di, chiing can cau 1(31 ma van ducic MQi nguai yeu men, key ca nguoti nude ngoai Nguai Viet thueing mac dai vao cac dip 16' hoi, su kien trang trong Du trcii qua bao thong tram lich set, ao dai van luon giu chtvc net c ep van có dia minh, ton len ye do vita kin dap lai vo ding mk mai, thanh thoat cita nguai phy nu Viet
Trang 24D) Mega book Gwen Gia Stich Luyen Thi
UNIT
TO BE + TO INFINITIVE
❖ be + to V thu'ang cluqc sit dung trong van viet, dac biet c1 cac bai bac) de de cap den nhCing
su kien se xay ra trong tu'ong Iai gan, dung a truyen dat mot ke hoach hoac du Binh
E.g:
Police officers are to visit every home in the area (Canh sat se den tham m9i gia Binh 6' khu She is to visit France in spring (Co ta se der) tham nudc Phap vao mCia xuan.)
Mai is to be married next week (Mai sap seta ke't hon.)
- Cach dung nay hay gap trong bac) chi:
The Prime Minister is to make a statement tomorrow (Thu Wang chinh phi) se phat bleu vao ngay mai.)
dau de bao, Ong tit be thubng du'qc luqc b6 de tiet kiem khoang trong:
E.g:
Prime Minister to make a statement tomorrow
• be + to V: du'qc dung de nOi rang ai dO nen hoac phai lam gi (truyen dat menh lenh, yeu du, hiking dan)
You are not to leave the school without my permission (Ban khOng clu'9'c khoi tru'ang ne.0 khOng c6 cho phep dia tOi.)
She is to stay here till we return
(CO ta phai a clay cho tai khi thong ta tra
• Be + to V: dung trong menh de dieu kien if de not rang mot dieu gi dO phai )(ay ra truck (trong menh de chinh) trubc khi mot dieu 91 khac co the xay ra (trong menh de if) > a precondition for something to happen
E.g:
If the human race is to survive, we must look at environmental problems now (Neu cu6c ch.?), dua dia loci ngudi ton tai thi ngay bay gid thong ta phai nhin vao nhUng van ale m6i taking.)
• Was / were to V:
+ De de cap den cac ke hoach 6 qua khU
Mr Jones was to speak at the meeting (it was arranged and he did)
+ Se nOi den so menh
Trang 25BF QUYET CHINN PHOC NGU PHAP TIENG ANH NANG CAO
Simon was to die before he achieved his objective (Simon (15 chgt tru'dc khi Ong ay dat dU9c myc tieu cua minh.)
❖ To be + about + to-infinitive: Dien ta mot hanh dOng sap xay ra
E.g:
They are about to start (Ho sap seta khai hanh.)
- Neu Wong Iai rat On, chung ta dung them just :
❖ To be + just + about + to-Infinitive:
E.g:
They are just about to leave (Ho sap rdi
Wait a minute! I'm about to finish this exercise
attifn Nhang cgu tn:ic nay khong di vol thai gian
Wit so cum tif dien ta nghia Wong tit nhu' to be about to infinitive:
+ To be about to + bare Verb
- To be on the verge of/ on the brink of/ on the point of + Ving/ N: deu dien ta mot dieu gi hanh dOng nao dO sap xay ra
Tuy nhien, cum Won the point of mang phong van trang trong hdn ca
People are on the verge of starvation as the drought continues (Moi nguai sap che't doi khi han han tiep tyc.)
She is on the point of bursting into tears (Co ta sap bat khoc.)
- Be due to + infinitive: not ye 1 ski kien/ sii viec mong dqi xay ra tai thdi diem cu the nao dO trong tuong Iai (co kem thdi gian)
E.g:
The train is due to leave at 5A.M
- Be set to + infinitive: not ye nhang this sap xay ra theo dy kien
Prices are set to rise once more
- Be bound/sure/certain to + infinitive: khang dinh dieu gi do chat than se xay ra trong tuong lai
E.g:
The president is certain to resign (CM.) tich chgc chgn se tit chtk.)
Chu y: due to + N (do, vi): con dung de data ra ljf do cho dieu gi do
Due to illness, Mary is unable to perform tonight (Vi bi 6m nen Mary khOng the bleu dien toi nay divc.)
- Chung ta dung mot s6 d6ng + to infinitive de nOi ye dy dinh
27
Trang 26a it's expected to happen at a certain time
b we are very certain it will happen
c when something is expected to happen (especially by newspapers)
d it's imminent, it's going to happen very soon
e it's probably going to happen
f when something is in the future at a particular point of time
)11 Mega book Chuyen Gia Stich Luyen Thi
Do you mean to work harder in your second year at college? (Ban có clinh cham hoc trong
nam hoc tht:i 2 kheing?)
We guarantee to refund your money if you are dissatisfied with the computer (Chung Col dam
bao se hoar) tra lai tier) cho bon ne'u ban khOng hai Ong ye may tinh.)
MOt so dOng tip nhu' agree, aim, expect, hope, intend, plan, promise, propose, resolve,
undertake, want, dOng de dien to
I am aiming to get to France by the end of July (or I aim to get )
EXERCISE
► I Match the expressions with their meanings
► II Complete the past form of a suitable expression from the box into each gap
be to be likely to be set to be about to be bound to be due to
1 When we saw the size of the traffic jam, we knew we be late
2 According to the timetable, the bus leave here at 6.30 But it's 6.45 and it's still
here
3 Later she go on to become the greatest poet of her generation
4 Our company overtake all our rivals by the end of last quarter We're just waiting
for the final figures before we make an announcement
5 They quickly ran to the platform because the train leave any minute
6 It was thought that any further eruption of the volcano cause considerable damage
► III Underline the correct answers In some cases both alternatives are possible
1 You need to work much harder if you have/ are to have any chance of passing the exam
Trang 27Bi QUYtT CHINH PHUC PHAP TIENG ANH NANG CAO
2 My brother is to start/ is about to start a PhD in Physics
3 Mrs Green is likely to become the Foreign Minister if the party wins/ is to win power at the
next election
4 If you enjoy/ are to enjoy romantic comedies, then this is a film you must see
5 A: Can you type this letter for me?
B: Sorry, I'm just to go/'m just about to go home
6 If he recovers/ is to recover from a foot injury, it seems certain that he will play in Saturday's
match against Spain
7 If the university keeps/ is to keep its international reputation, it must first invest in better
facilities for students
8 John has denied that he is to resign/ is about to resign as marketing manager
9 It started snowing an hour ago, and from the look of those clouds things are to get/ are about
to get a lot worse
10 If the railway system is improved/ is to be improved, the government should invest substantial
amounts of money now
► IV Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first, using the word given
1 The electricity bill should be paid tomorrow (due)
The electricity bill
2 Mary will definitely win the song competition (sure)
Mary
3 Having problems at work is very likely to affect your family life.(bound)
If you
4 The local council are expected to make a decision within a week (due)
The local council
5 My sister is leaving here in a few minutes (about)
My sister
6 He would have told you the good news but you left (point)
When you left, he
7 If you don't stop shouting, I'm going to leave right this minute (just)
If you don't stop
8 According to the contract, the loan must be redeemed in ten monthly installments (is)
According to the contract,
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Trang 28M Mega book Chuyen Gia Scich Luyen Thi
9 There is no doubt that most students feel nervous before final exams (certain)
-> H9 nhanh chong chay tai san ga bcli vi tau sap sib rdi di
(at) any minute (now): very soon
E.g: Hurry up! He'll be back any minute now
6 was likely to
Ng di ta da nghi rang bat ky host dOng phun them cua nui lira deu co the gay ra thiet hai Bang ke
► III Underline the correct answers In some cases both alternatives are possible
1 are to have (Ban can phai cham h9c [Ion neu ban muon co co hoi thi d'au.)
Trang 2981 QUM' CHINH PHUC NGU PHAP TIENG ANH NANG CAO
be + to V: dung trong menh de dieu kien if de not rang met dieu 91 do phai xay ra trutc (trong menh de chinh) trutc khi met diet.' 91 khac co the xay ra (trong menh de if): cham hoc —> CO cc hOi thi dau
2 is to start/ is about to start (Anh trai toi se/ sap sua bat dau hoc tien s9 vat 19.)
3 wins (Ba Green c6 kha nang tra thanh B6 Trutt-1g Be Ngoai Giao neu clang n5m quyen trong dot tuyen cif sap tai.)
—> Cau talc cau dieu kien Ioai 1 (Ong tia menh a if chia a thi hien tai)
4 enjoy (Neu ban thich hai kith lang man thi day la be phim ban phai xem.)
5 I'm just about to go
-To be + just + about + to-Infinitive: de dien ta syviec sap sira xay ra trong tueng lai rat On A: Ban c6 the danh may bac thu nay cho toi diet khong?
B: Xin 16i, toi chuan bi ye nha roi
6 recovers (Neu anh ta phut hoi than thueng than thi during nhu'chac ch5n rang anh ta se chei tran Tau vao the 7 vol Tay Ban Nha.)
Tau tu'vao co se vat chat tot hen cho sinh vien.)
"Trt.idng dai hoc phai dau tu'vao co sa vat chat tot hen -> gia duet danh tieng queic te"
8 is to resign/ is about to resign (John phu nhan viec anh ta se/ sap tir chic a vi tri quan Iy marketing.)
("is about to resign"emphasizes that he will resign very soon)
9 are about to get (Trai da c6 tuyet cach day mot tieng, va nhin nhUng dam may kia thi moi this sap tra nen toi to hen nhieu.)
10 is to be improved (Neu he thong during sat muOn dif9c cai thien thi ngay bay gia chinh phi) nen dau tij so tien Ian.)
"Chinh phia dau to khoan tien Ian > cai thien cluoc he thong du'ang sat"
IV Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first, using the word given
1 The electricity bill is due to be paid tomorrow (H6a don tien (lien nen cluec tra vao ngay mai.)
2 Mary is sure to win the song competition (Mary ch5c ch5n se gianh chi& th5ng cu9c thi am
nhac nay.)
3 If you have problems at work, it is bound to affect your family life
Cau goc: Gap van de khO khan trong tong viec chat than anh huang den &A song gia dinh cua ban
—> Neu ban gap van de kilo khan trong tong viec thi chat than anh hutng den dai song gia dinh ban
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Trang 30M Mega book Chuyen Gia Scich Luyen Thi
4 The local council are due to make a decision within a week (HOi (long dia phudng se dtia ra
guy& Binh trong \tong 1 tugn.)
5 My sister is about to leave here (Chi gai cua toi sap sifa khoi day.)
Chu y: c5u truc"to be about to V" khong di vai thdi gian
6 When you left, he was on the point of telling you the good news (Khi ban rdi di la luc anh ta sap not cho ban biet tin tac tot lanh.)
7 If you don't stop shouting, I'm just about to leave (Neu ban khOng ngiing la het thi toi se rdi
kh6i day ngay lap tut.)
Chu y: c5u trot "to be just about to V" kh6ng di vdi thdi gian
8 According to the contract, the loan is to be redeemed in ten monthly installments (Theo hop
(long thi khoan vay no se ditoc tra het trong yang 10 15n hang thang.)
9 Most students are certain to feel nervous before final exams (H5u het hoc sinh chat than cleu
cam th5y tang thang trudc ky thi cu6i.)
10 She was on the point of finishing her next novel when she had a heart attack (Luc ca ta sap
hoan thanh cuon tieu thuyet tiep theo cua minh thi c6 ta bi dau tim.)
11 We ought to leave the party now if we are to catch the last train
Cau goc: Neu thong toi kh6ng rdi khoi bCta tiec ngay bay gid thi chimg VA se nho chuyen tau cuoi tong
—>ChtIng toi nen rdi khoi bCta tiec ngay bay gid neu chung toi mu& bat chuyen tau cu6i ding
12 When he arrives, the film is about to start (Khi anh ta den thi !DO phim sap bat d5u.)
Trang 31Kimono - Nhtit Bern
Kimono la trang phuc truyen thong cua phu nu Niwit Ban vai nhieu loaf, nhi'eu ten g9i khcic nhau Mof loci Kimono cluot sit clung cho mot dip rieng biet va cling vi vOy no khcic nhau ve chAt lieu, hoa van, kie'u clang Kimono khong chi la trang phuc ma can la mot tac pham nghe thuat Viec mac Kimono kiwi pink top
va cong phu, chi rieng viec bu'Oc that lung Obi a có den 100 each, ngoai ra nguai mac Kimono can phZii di guoc go va tat tabi trang Ngay nay, nguai Nhat chi mac Kimono vao ccic chp le, Vt, dam cued va tiec tra ctoo
Trang 32M Mega book Chuyen Gia Stich Luyen Thi
MODALS
Can, Could, Be able to: có the
*CAN dung de:
• Dien to kha Wang 6 hien tai, kha Wang chung
E.g:
He can speak French (Anh ay biet nal tieng Phap.)
• Dien to mot diet.' CO the xay ra (possibility)
E.g:
Can it happen? (Dielu cla co the xay ra khOng?)
Dang phu Binh cua can la can't (= cannot): du6c dung de dien to mot dieu khO co the xay ra (virtual impossibility)
The doctor can't see you this morning; he's busy at the hospital (Sang nay bac sir khOng the gap ban; Ong J )/ ban a benh vien.)
*COULD dung de:
• dien to kha nang 6 qua khU (could la clang qua khU cua can)
E.g:
I could swim when I was five years old (Toi biet bo'i khi tOi 5 tuoi.)
• dien to kha Wang not chung (general ability)
She could speak 3 languages
• du6c xem CO tinh chat lich sti hon CAN
E.g:
Could you tell me the way to the post office, please?
• Can/ Could thu'ang dung NA cac dOng tit chi cam giac nhLf feel, hear, see, smell, taste va cac dOng tUtri giac nhu remember, understand, believe, decide
- 1 can't believe Mr Nam is so kind
- I could remember the crash, but nothing after that
Trang 33Bi OMIT CHINH PHUC NGU PHAP TING ANH NANG CAO
• Could thU6ng du'Oc dung sau cac cum tip: the only thing/ time/ place va sau tit all vai nghia
"the only thing"
E.g:
All we could see were her fingers
• Can/ could thU6ng du'oc dung trong the bi Ong hon be able to
I'm able to speak foreign languages — I can speak foreign languages
• Clang be able to d thay cho can/ could trong thi hoan thanh, hinh thk Ving, nguyen m5u
va sau cac modal verbs
E.g:
I have been able to swim since I was five
The film star hates not being able to leave here
They might be able to help you
• Dung d d cap tai mot so viec xay ra trong mot tinh hu6ng d c biet (particular situation), chung ta dung was/were able to —manages to d not rang ai dO cia tim cach xoay sc1 a lam mot viec gi dO thanh cong trong mot hoan canh"Oc biet" (truing hop nay khong dung could):
E.g:
He was able to escape the fire after thirty minutes struggling in the house (Sau 30 phut xoay xa de thojt kh6i dam chjy thi anh ta da thanh cong.)
Firefighters were able to bring the fire under control quickly
Nhting clang phu clinh chung ta co the dung was/ were not able to — couldn't cho Cat ca cac tru'ang hop:
* May/ might: co the, co le (possibility) - may not/ might not
• May va Might dung d nOi ye nhiing hanh cong hay so viec co the xay ra c1 Wong lai Chung
ta dung might khi kha nang xay ra thgp (duti 50%), con dung may khi kha nang xay ra cao hon (tren 50%)
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Trang 34M Mega book Chuyin Gia Scich Luyen Thi
E.g:
I may go to Da Lat tomorrow (kha nang cao ho'n)
I hope that you might come here (kha nang tha p ho'n)
• May/ Might dung a data ra sy'xin phep (ask for permission): trang trong va lich ski kin can/ could Ca may va might deu co the cliing a xin phep, nhiing might thi nhun nhu'ang va lich sit
E.g:
May out?
• Might la hinh thilc qua kht.i oh may trong 16i not gian tiep
• Trong cau hoi, khong nen dung may a h6i ye mot scf viec co kha nang xay ra, ma nen dung could hoac la cum tit be likely to, hoac c6 the dung might (cach dung trang trong)
E.g:
What time is the meeting likely to finish?
Are you likely to go to the party tonight?/ Could you go ?/Might you go ?
• May dung trong cac lei chtic tyng (khong dung might)
E.g:
May you both be very happy (ChLic hai ban hanh ph0c)
• Might: dung khi sit viec kh6ng xay ra: unreal situation (khong clung may)
E.g:
If I knew him earlier, I might love him
• May/ Might as well: clung a nOi ai dO nen lam gi do vi khong co giai phap nao tot hdn va khong c6 ljf do gi de khong lam viec do
I will go to Hue next week
• Dien ta mot quyet Binh tdc thdi khi nOi
E.g:
I will answer the phone
• Dien ta mot ldi hiia (promise) hay mot syquyet tam (determination)
E.g:
I promise I will come back early
• Dung de de nghi, mai moc (requests/ invitation)
Trang 35131 QUIET CHINH PHUC NGU PHAP TING ANH NANG CAO
- Will you go out with me?
- Will you please open the door?
• Dien to sir phong loan
He said he would come back the next day
If he were free, he would meet me
She would have been very happy if she had passed the exam
• Dung de cle nghi, nhd va, xin phep, mdi moc
)E.9:
Would you turn on the TV forme?
Would you mind closing the windows?
• Dien to mot thoi quen trong qua khir (past habits) Vai nghia nay, WOULD co the dung thay cho used to
E.g:
When we met each other, we would talk a lot
Would- used to: dung de dien dat hanh d6ng lap lai trong qua khir (thOi quen), nhu'ng bay gid kh6ng con nCra
E.g:
When I was younger my grandmother would/used to bring us chocolate when she visited
Nhung giCra would va used to a5 sy khac nhau:
• wou/dthuang duoc sir dung khi co cum tii/ menh de chi thdi gian r6 rang
• "Used to"cO the cluoc sirdung cle not ye tin h trang trong qua kha cung nhu nhUng thOi quen
va hanh d6ng trong qua khir du'oc lap lai, nhung "would" chi clUoc sir dung de not ye thOi quen trong qua khir nhung khong du'oc sir dung de not ye tinh trang trong qua kht (past states)
37
Trang 36B) Mega book Chuyen Gia Sack Luyen Thi
I used to be a player (kh6ng du6c sC(dung would trong cau nay vi day la tinh trang trong qua
khd, khOng phai th6i quen)
We used to have a car (khong dimc dung would)
-> M6t s6 d6ng tif bleu thi trang thai/ tinh trang (stative verbs) nhu' have (possession), be, live, like, love, believe, think, understand, know, feel thi khOng du6c sif dung WOULD
11 Must- have (got) to )
"Must" va"Have (got) to" deu co nghia la "phai": de chi sy' ca'n thiet phai lam mot viec gi O E.g:
I must/ have to go out now
Must va have (got) to co the dung de thay the cho nhau nhu'ng dOi khi gith chUng co su khac
nhau:
• Must: mang tinh chat Ca nhan, de dien ta sy' bat bu6c den ti( ngUdi n6i, cam giac cua ca Man minh (chi] quan) Ngubi nOi thay viec do can thiet phai lam
I really must give up smoking (Toi thcfc phai bo thuoc.)
• Have (got) to: khOng mang tinh chat ca nhan, de dien ta sq bat bu6c den ti cac yeu t6 ngoai canh ben ngoai nhii luat 10, quy Binh (khach quan)
E.g:
You can't turn right here You have to turn left (because of the traffic system)
Have got to — have to nhu'ng have got to thu'Ong du6c diing trong ngon ngCt nOi (informal)
I/you/we/they have to 1/you/we/they have got to
I/you/we/they don't have to I/you/we/they haven't got to
Do I/you/we/they have to ? Have I/you/we/they got to ?
• Neu have du'oc tinh lacic 've thi chung ta phai co "got"
E.g:
They've got to be changed (kh6ng dupc They've to be changed)
• Trong thi qua khd don, cht:ing ta thubng dung had to ho'n la had got to
• Must CO the clUpc dung de nOi ye hien tai va Wong lai, nhung khOng duoc dung 6 qua kha Thay vao do, ta phai dung had to (have to clUng du'qc tat ca cac thi)
E.g:
I must go to school now
I must go to school tomorrow /1 will have to go to school tomorrow
I had to go to school yesterday
Trang 37BI QUYET CHINH PHUC NGU PHAP TING ANH NANG CAO
Neu khi khong ch5c ch5n nen dung ti:f nao thi thong thudng a "an toan" ho'n ta nen dung have to
• Must con dung de du'a ra sit suy 1u5n dya vao l5p luan logic
You must be tired after that trip (Ban chat hat-) rat met sau chuyen di dd.)
+ Mustn't va Don't have to
Must not (mustn't) khac hoan toan vai don't/ doesn't have to
• Mustn't: khOng dudc lam gi do (chi sit cam loan)
You mustn't tell the truth (Ban khong clu'oc phep not ra sii that)
• Don't have to = Don't need to: khOng can lam gi, kh6ing phai lam gi (nhu'ng ban co the lam neu ban muon)
E.g:
You don't have to get up early (Ban khong can thCic day sdm clau.)
11 Needn't have done - didn't need to v
• Needn't have PP: dien to sit khong can thiet cua mot sit kien (15 xay ra (clang le la kh6ng can) Tut la cla lam lieu gi do nhu'ng bay gid biet (=lieu dO la khOng can thiet
E.g:
She needn't have taken the umbrella (CO ay clang le khOng can mang 0.) > Co ay da mang
theo 0 nhu'ng no kh6ng can thiet CO ay khOng biet (lieu nay khi c6 ay ra di
• Didn't need to V: dien ta sit khong can thiet cua mot sit kien chu'a xay ra
• didn't need to = (15 kh6ng can thiet de ai do phai (t6i da biet dieu nay ngay tif d5u):
Should-ought to- had better
+ Should - Ought to- Had better: nen lam gi do
Chiing ta dung should, ought to de' &fa ra loi khuyen cho ai do Trong h5u het cac trudng hop thi chUng ta co the dung ought to thay the cho should
Trang 38M Mega book Owen Gia Stich Luyen Thi
• Should - Ought to +V: nen lam gi do
You should/ ought to finish your homework before you go out
Tuy nhien CO sir khac biet nho gida should va ought to
• Should thdang &lac dOng khi chung ta main bleu dat quan diem, y kien ca nhan
I think you should see him (TOi nghi ban nen gap anh ta.)
• Ought to thu'dng dudc dung khi nOi den dieu luat, nhiern Vy, quy Binh
E.g:
They ought to follow the school's policy, or they will get expelled (H9 nen tuan theo chInh sach cua trudng hoc, hok la hose bi clu9i ra khOi &Wing.)
• Should thddng dddc dung trong cac cau h6i hon,dac biet la trong loai cau hOi WH- questions
What should I do if I have any problems? (TOi nen lam gi neu tOi gap van de?)
• Had better + V: nen, tot Nan nen lam gi
Had better ='d better
Had better not +V: kh6ng nen lam gi
Had better: cung dung khi cho Idi khuyen, hay dien dat (lieu gi do tot nhat nen lam Had better' dudc dung de cho loi khuyen ve sq sy' viec, tinh hu6ng cu the, Idi khuyen chung chung
ta nen sddyng 'ought to/or/should'
* Could/ May/ Might + have + PP: c6 le da
Dien ta mot diet.] gi do c6 the da xay ra hoac co the dung a qua khi'; mot kha nang co the 6' qua khd nhdng ngudi nOi khong dam chac
E.g:
She didn't hear the phone ring She might have been sleeping at that time (CO ay da khOng nghe tha'y chuOng dien thoai Vao luc do có le la co ay clang ngu.)
Mai could have gone out with him last night (Toi qua Mai co le da di cho'i vdi anh ta.)
* Should/ Ought to +have + PP: le ra phai, le ra nen
Trang 39BIQUAT CHINN PHUC NGU PHAP TIENG ANH NANG CAO
- Dien to mot (lieu gi dO le ra da nen hoac phai xay ra trong qua khd nhtfng thyc to da kh6ng xay ra trong qua khdvi ly do nao dO
I should have gone to the post office this morning (Le ra sang nay tOi phai cli bu'u t6i
da khOng di
- Dien to sy' clang tiec, h6i han da khong lam viec gi do
E.g:
I failed the exam I should have studied harder (T6i cla thi tru'ot Bangle ra tOi nen cham hoc ho'n.)
• Chung to có the dung cum was/were supposed to V de thay the cho should have PP
E.g:
She was supposed to go/ should have gone to the party last night
* Must + have + PP: ch5c h5n da, han la
Dien to sy suy (loan hay ket luan logic dya vao thyc to 6 qua khd
* Would + have + PP: dung trong cau (lieu kien loai 3 vOi nghia"da roi"
If I had had enough money, I would have bought that house last year (1\16'u nam ngoai t6i cla c6 to tien thi toi cla mua ngoi nha kia r6i.)
Dien to mot tinh hu6ng da co the xay ra trong qua khd, nhu'ng thyc sy'da khong dien ra
E.g:
I would have been happy to see him, but I didn't have time
* Can't + have + PP: chic la da khong the lam gi
Dien to mot sy'viec gin nhuch5c chin khOng the xay ra
E.g:
Last night, Mai can't have gone to the party with her friends because she had to be at home to help her sister do the homework (Chat la t6i qua Mai khong the di der) blia tleic vdi ban clu9c vi co
ay phai nha glop em gal lam bai tap.)
They can't have bought it today because the shops are closed (Ham nay chic la ho khOng the: mua clu9c no vi cac cCia hang cleu clang cC/a.)
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Trang 4010 This band
A must
play very well last year Now they are much better
M Mega book Owen Gia Scich Luyen 11ti
► I Choose the best answer to complete the sentence:
1 I have more cheese on my cake?
2 You eat more vegetables
3 I like to buy a television for my house
4 I use your telephone to make a call please?
5 You smoke near this area It's very dangerous
6 The passengers wear their seatbelts at all times
7 We go to the zoo if the rain stops We don't know for sure
8 I play the guitar very well
9 The children wake up earlier than 7:30 am They have classes at 7:45 am
11 Twenty years ago, Ms Nga speak French fluently Now she's forgotten a lot
12 This table isn't as heavy as it looks You help me with it Thanks anyway for offering
to help
13 You play loud music at night because this badly affects your neighbours
14 You stand up because there are a lot of seats available on the bus
15 This book is overdue You better return it today
C might D had
16 Whatever come, I will always stand by your side