Research objectives The objective of this research is to develop methods for based teaching of pedagogical skills for students majoring in primary education through which enhancing thei
Trang 1MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING
HANOI PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY 2
Trang 2Thesis is completed at HANOI PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY 2
Scientific Supervisor 1 : Associate Prof Dr Dang Thanh Hung
Scientific Supervisor 2 : Dr Trinh Thi Hong Ha
Reviewer 1:
Reviewer 2:
Reviewer 3:
The thesis will be defended before the University Thesis Examining Council at at Hanoi Pedagogical University 2 at … (time)
on …… (date) in……(year)
The thesis can be found in :
- National Library, Hanoi
- Library of Hanoi Pedagogical University 2
Trang 3education Therefore, a research titled “Project-based teaching of
pedagogical skills for students of primary education” has been chosen
as the topic for this dissertation
2 Research objectives
The objective of this research is to develop methods for based teaching of pedagogical skills for students majoring in primary education through which enhancing their pedagogical capacity
project-3 Research object, subject and scope
3.1 Research object
The object of this research is the relationship between teachers‟ teaching activities and learners‟ learning activities in the process of applying learning projects in such environmental conditions that learning projects create
3.2 Research subject
The object of this research is the relationship between teachers‟ teaching activities and learners‟ learning activities in the process of applying learning projects in such environmental conditions that learning projects create
3.3 Research scope
Identifying theoretical foundation of Project-based teaching of pedagogical skills for students majoring in primary education
Trang 4Identifying practical basis of Project-based teaching of pedagogical skills for students majoring in primary education
Proposing methods for Project-based teaching of pedagogical skills in training Bachelor of primary education
Carrying out scientific experiment in order to evaluate research results
4 Scientific assumption
It is assumed that when methods of project-based teaching of pedagogical skills accurately follow characteristics, principles of designing and implementing projects, and the learning projects can create such a collaborative environment and opportunities to experience and practice for students, they will bring positive effects to the learing process and results of pedagogical skills
5 Research tasks
5.1 Identifying theoretical and pratical of the project-based teaching for pedagogical skills training in training Bachelor of primary education
5.2 Proposing methods for project-based teaching for pedagogical skills training in training Bachelor of primary education
5.3 Carrying out scientific experiment in order to evaluate research results
6 Methodology and research method
- Activity- Characteristics-based approach: Project-based teaching for pedagogical skills training need to be conducted through such activities as career practice and experience and it has to aim at building pedagogical capacity in particular and professional capacity in general for students of primary education
- Capacity-based approach: Project-based teaching for pedagogical skills training for students of primary education need to
Trang 5take pedagogical capacity that students are preliminary required as objectives and standards, and pedagogical capacity is also the baseline
to develop assessing criteria
- Utilizing practical methods to organize experimental teaching activities with learning projects and corresponding learning activities
6.2.3 Other methods
- Employing expert method in order to evaluate research results
- Employing the mothod of scientific information and data processing by computer-based statistic and calculation techniques
- Utilizing case study for additional evaluation of sienctific experiment results
7.2 There are a lot of problems in the current situation of teaching pedagogical skills for students of primary education It has not met the requirement of professional practice for students in order to
Trang 6assist them to develop pedagogical capacity in particular and professional capacity of primary teachers in general
7.3 In order to get the most out of project-based teaching in pedagogical skills training in developing professional capacity of students majoring in primary education, it is necessary to work well on the following tasks: 1/ Selecting the teaching content of pedagogical skills and develop them into topics for learning projects; 2/ Supporting students in designing learning projects in accordance with the selected topics; 3/ Developing and realizing the procedure of teaching pedagogical skills on the basis of the designed projects, and evaluating learning outcome
8 Contribution of this research
8.2 In practical aspect
- Strengths and weaknesses of project-based teaching in pedagpgical skills training for students of primary education have been discovered
- Some solutions to enhance project-based teaching in pedagogical skills training have been proposed The solutions include suggestions for designing project-based teaching of pedagogical skills, building and applying teaching and learning procedure of project-based teaching for pedagogical skills training, and some forms of learning assessment
- Illustrations of learning projects and activities have been given
7 Structure of this dissertation
In addition to such parts as Introduction, Conclusion and suggestion, References and Appendix, there are 4 chapters in this dissertation
Chapter 1 Theoretical foundation of project-based teaching for pedagogical skills training for students of primary education
Trang 7Chapter 2 Current situation of the teaching of pedagogical skills for students of primary education from the project-based teaching perspectives
Chapter 3 Project-based teaching methods for pedagogical skills training for students of primary education
Chapter 4 Scientific experiment
Chapter 1 THEORETICAL FOUNDATION OF BASED TEACHING FOR PEDAGOGICAL SKILLS TRAINING FOR STUDENTS OF PRIMARY EDUCATION
PROJECT-1.1 Overview of the research subject
1.1.1 Researches in pedagogical skills training
1.1.2 Researches in project-based teaching
In Vietnam and many other countries in the world, there are numerous researches and applications of project-based teaching in almost every field Results from researches and experiments show both advantages and disadvantages of this teaching approach The disadvantages include time, teaching curriculum, facilities and the lack
of theoretical foundation Recently, in Vietnam, there have been a number of researches in project-based teaching at different educational levels and majors; however, project-based teaching for pedagogical skills training has not been particularly researched This is such a big mistake because the teaching of pedagogical skills really fit in with project-based teaching method
1.2 The teaching of pedagogical skills for students of primary education
1.2.1 Some related concepts
Trang 81.2.1.2 The teaching of pedagogical skills
Pedagogical skills training is a concept that shows the process and results of teachers’ effect, influence upon students to motivate them in learning, knowing how to learn, learning sucessfully and persistently in order to develop such aspects as knowledge, skills, attitude in their pedagogical capacity, and support students to develop both pedagogical and professional capacity
1.2.1.4 Students of primary education
1.2.2 Content and features of pedagogical skills in primary teacher training
c) The content of pedagogical skills cover many knowledge areas and skills of the teaching profession
d) To learn pedagogical skills, it is a prerequisite that students experience teaching and practice teaching
1.2.3 Characteristics of students of Primary Education
Trang 9Project method is a method for development management in such fields as economy, healthcare, education, transportation It is then applied
in the teaching and learning process as a form of learning organization In the past, there were lesson-based teaching strategies, and nowadays, project-based teaching and many other methods are added
1.3.1.2 Learning project
Learning projects are essential in project-based teaching method In this dissertation, the concept of learning project can be
understood as a project that is designed and performed by learners in
the learning process with teachers’ support in order to achieve education and learner development goals Learning projects can create
such an environment in which there is a good harmony of learning content and activities Integrity, reality, cooperation and opportunities for students to showcase themselves are all included in this method These elements all together create such a good combination which fit in with the standards or learning objectives With regrads to principles, though learning projects at professional or vocational training institutues strive for socio-economic development, they, first of all, should be plan to develop learners and somehow contribute to the career development for teachers
1.3.1.3 Project-based learning
With project-based learning, learners learn by designing their projects Projects are used as tool for teachers to manage students and their learning process, to create an ideal environment to effectively teach the content and organize learning activities, and to apply teaching techniques and strategies which are highly socialized With this method, learning projects are the content and activities of that learning unit
Therefore, project-based learning is a method in which learning
is conducted through students designing and implementing their projects, and learning process is the process of designing the projects itself, and the products reflect students’ learning results though they are normally not the same
1.3.1.4 Project-based teaching
It can be understood that project-based teaching is a method in which students learn through their learning projects instead of attending
Trang 10traidtional lessons Therefore, project-based teaching is a teaching method or organization whose primary characteristics are to create an active, cooperative, and friendly learning environment by learning projects, in which learners complete learning tasks which are complex and open, and require the combination of theory and practice This method requires students‟ high responsibility throughout their learning process to create a product and introduce it in class, and they are evaluated by their own projects
1.3.2 Characteristics of learning projects in the teaching of pedagogical skills for students of Primary Education
1.3.2.1 Pedagogical critera of learning projects
a) The process of project-based teaching
According to such authors as Alan & Stoller (2005), Stoller (1997) Sheppard & Stoller (1995), project-based teaching requires 10 steps
1 Teachers and students agree upon the ideas and topics of the projects
2 Teachers and students discuss the final project products
3 Students design the project structure with teachers‟ support
4 Teachers prepare students to be ready for data collection step
5 Students collect the needed data and information
6 Teachers prepare students to be ready for data analysis step
7 Students analyze data
8 Teachers prepare students the langage and skills required in the process of conducting the projects
9 Students present their final products
10 Students evaluate themselves
b) General structure of project-based teaching
Project-based teaching requires the following elements:
1 Analyzing learning objectives and content which are appropriate to apply project-based teaching method
2 Identifying project topic
3 Designing the projects, including techniques for evaluation
4 Evaluating students and assigning them to work in groups on the basis of differentiation
Trang 115 Preparing teaching aids, materials and other resources
6 Implementing the designed project
7 Monitoring the process like managing learning
8 Evaluating the progress regularly
9 Evaluating the project ending
10 Evaluating project products and learning results
1.3.2.2 Types and classifications of learning projects
1.3.3 Viewpoint on project-based teaching
1.3.3.1 Principles of project-based teaching
Project-based teaching integrate almost every teaching techniques such as cooperative teaching, group teaching, problem-based teaching, constructive teaching, case study-based teaching, capacity-based teaching Therefore, this method follow different sets of priciples though it can be relatively differentiated from other teaching methods Project-based teaching, in fact, is cooperative teaching, but it leans on a project environment rather than a class or group environent as usual, and it is also teaching and learning from experiencing Hence, the principles of project-based teaching are from the combination of cooperative teaching and experience-based teaching
1 The positive interdependence in learning process and learning outcomes
2 Individual responsibilities and tasks in learning
3 Direct interaction in order to increase learning opportunities
4 Teaching is primarily through and depend on social skills
5 Collaborative group management
6 Probematic features of learning content, mainly the social ones
7 The involvement of everyone in all aspects
8 Exploring and working in order to achieve the final products and in the context that learning content is unavailable
9 Self-reliance and successive prositivity of learners
1.3.3.2 The characteristics and roles of the project-based teaching
of pedagogical skills
a) Characteristics
- The topic of the project relfect pedagogical content
Trang 12- Learning pedagogical skills is the process of conducting the projects
- Learning outcomes are reflected in the final project product and its process
- Students‟ self-evaluation is included in assessment
- Teaching is the process of action guiding and problem solvin b) Roles
- Focusing on professional skills
- Creating opportunities for students to experience
- Encouraging collaboration and sharing
- Practicing problem solving capacity
- Creating an open and active learning environment
Summary of chapter 1
1.1 Pedagogical skills training accounts for a major propotion
in Primary Education training curriculum However, the scientific concept of pedagogical skills has not been clearly identified Therefore, the learning content of this aspect has not been well and effectively organized Pedagogical skills should be understood as a great part of teachers‟ professional capacity which differentiate teaching profession from others
1.2 There have been numerous researches on project-based teaching of traditional subjects at general education schools and universities They are strong evidence of the applicability of project-based teaching in a wide rage of subjects, including pedagogical skills
As long as the subjects have such concrete learning content as knowledge, skills, attitude, this teaching methods are highly applicable
1.3 Project-based teaching has not been applied in the teaching
of pedagogical skills due to several reasons Some people think that it is time consuming and labor intensive Some keep the belief that the structure and content of teaching pedagogical skills are unsuitable for the application of project-based teaching Those believes show that project-based teaching has not been fully taken advantage of in the teaching of pedagogical skills
Trang 13CHAPTER 2 THE CURRENT SITUATION OF BASED TEACHING OF PEDAGOGICAL SKILLS FOR STUDENTS OF PRIMARY EDUCATION IN SOME SELECTED
PROJECT-UNIVERSITIES OF EDUCATION 2.1 The general situation of teaching pedagogical skills in some selected universities of education
2.1.1 Training programs of Pedagogical skills
2.1.2 Learning and teaching methods of Pedagogical skills
2.1.3 Evaluating the learning result of Pedagogical skills
2.2.1.2 Scale, location and participants
The sample consists of 640 participants
Period of survey: from September 2014 to September 2017
2.2.2 Survey content and methods
2.2.2.1 Content
- The teaching of pedagogical skills
- The awareness of Project based teaching
- The application of Project based teaching
2.2.2.2 Survey methods
- Survey questionnaire
- Experience, Interview, Profile analysis, Observation
- Data processing with statistics, quantitative assessment, qualitative assessment
2.3 Analysis
2.3.1 The teaching of pedagogical skills
2.3.1.1 Teaching methods of pedagogical skills
2.3.1.2 Teaching strategies of pedagogical skills
2.3.1.3 Effectiveness of teaching pedagogical skills
2.3.2 The awareness of Project-based teaching