Urban systems in South East Asia Nguyen Ngoc Hieu 3Disctrict 1 – CBD 2015... 7Urban systems in South East Asia Nguyen Ngoc Hieu Settlement pattern... 2012 plan inward development9Urban s
Trang 1TRANSFORMATION OF HOCHIMINH CITY
TO A METROPOLIS
1
Dr Nguyen Ngoc Hieu, 2017
Regional coordination issues
Trang 3Urban systems in South East Asia Nguyen Ngoc Hieu 3
Disctrict 1 – CBD 2015
Trang 4• Largest population city
• National economic hub & driver
• International & regional
Trang 55Urban systems in South East Asia Nguyen Ngoc Hieu
Fast growth
0 1000000 2000000 3000000 4000000 5000000 6000000 7000000 8000000 9000000
Trang 7Source: author using census data 2009.
• Compact city
• One large core – old centre
• Sprawling to the South Eastern economic
region: 30.000km2, 16 mill, in 8 provinces
Landsat map, internet, 2015
7Urban systems in South East Asia Nguyen Ngoc Hieu
Settlement pattern
Trang 82008 regional plan for a metropolis (under
Trang 92012 plan inward development
9Urban systems in South East Asia Nguyen Ngoc Hieu
Trang 10• Slum areas
• Segregation
deepening
Housing disparity
& urban poor
Slums in Kenh doi, District 4, HCMC, internet, 2016
Trang 1111Urban systems in South East Asia Nguyen Ngoc Hieu
Peak hour morning congestion in Hanoi Highway, Dist 2, 2015, internet
Trang 1313Urban systems in South East Asia Nguyen Ngoc Hieu
• Water & air pollution increase
Environmental issue
Trang 14Water supply in
danger
y = 0.777x - 1453.5
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Trang 1515Urban systems in South East Asia Nguyen Ngoc Hieu
HCMC region conceptual multi-model development, SISP, 2008
Trang 16Road & rail: Belt & radial high ways HCMC regional plan 2008
Regional link
Long Thanh
Hiep Phuoc
HCMC regional transport planning, 2008, SISP.
Trang 1717Urban systems in South East Asia Nguyen Ngoc Hieu
Trang 1919Urban systems in South East Asia Nguyen Ngoc Hieu
• Ambitious metro
lines & Rail link
• Short of resources
and synergy
Rail & metro
HCMC Transport planning, 2013, Decision 568, PM.
Trang 20• Industrial park ribbon within HCMC and in
the region
• Within province priority
Industrial (concentrated) parks
Existing IPs
HCMC Regional planning, 2008, SISP.
Trang 2121Urban systems in South East Asia Nguyen Ngoc Hieu
Trang 22• Dykes & tide control
within city region
Trang 2323Urban systems in South East Asia Nguyen Ngoc Hieu
Mushrooming sea ports
• Relocation of inner sea
ports upon city
expansion and new
Trang 24Sao Mai – Ben Dinh Hiep Phuoc
Tan Thuan
ICD & Other
Urban planning & Design manual, 2010, MOC-DANIDA.
Long An
Trang 2525Urban systems in South East Asia Nguyen Ngoc Hieu
• 2+2+1 cities and
provinces
Regional sea ports
Trang 26• Inner city 4 port clusters to
be transformed (2020)
• Cat Lai port – most efficient
port
• Façade’s subdivision pattern
HCMC sea and river ports inner
competition
Trang 2727Urban systems in South East Asia Nguyen Ngoc Hieu
• Cai Mep - most advantage port exploitation under 20%
capacity
• 51 site ports was adopted, some developed without link of
road infrastructure among ports
• No rail road & logistics
• Cai Mep continue to enlarge
Thi Vai port river bank subdivision
Trang 28Governing model
Steering Committee Hochiminh
city
Dong Nai
Binh Duong
Ba Ria – Vung Tau Long
An
Tay Ninh
Binh Phuoc
Steering Committee (central government)
Hochiminhcity
BinhDuong
Ba Ria– VungTau
Long An
TayNinh
BinhPhuoc
Dong Nai
Physical & economic Political & administrative
Trang 2929Urban systems in South East Asia Nguyen Ngoc Hieu
• Provincial budget reliance on
taxing IP and import tax from
ports
• Reliance on upper’s resources on
common infrastructure
• No substantial decision making
process or procedure against
competing/conflicting issues
Revenue driven competition
Trang 30• Regional plan making process
• – reflection and reconciliation
• Reliance on upper’s resources on
common infrastructure
• No substantial decision making
process or procedure against
competing/conflicting issues
Planning body, not authority
Trang 3131Urban systems in South East Asia Nguyen Ngoc Hieu
• Discussion on council
governments was rejected,
regional plan relies on voluntary
coordination
• Over past decade, each still
follows each strategy on
maximizing revenue – investment
Hiep Phuoc
Trang 32• Port’s government
• Authority vs planning body
• Coordination mechanism on
cross-border issues
• Priority scheme materialization
• Market choice and political
choice
• Ownership of the regional issue
• Market power, technical power,
• Technical power – monitoring
and benchmarking information
provision – planning body
What works?
Trang 3333Urban systems in South East Asia Nguyen Ngoc Hieu
Options for a new metropolis
How to govern a metropolis sustainably?
Synergige regional infrastructuredevelopment
Limitation of internal competition bad effect
Port Authority to specific area &
issues
Bilateral & development by area