This is the main reseasons why the author decides to choose the thesis: "Statistical research on the impact of factors on the development of supporting industries – the real situation in
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INTRODUCTION
1 The urgency of the thesis
In the process of the international economic integration, the development of
supporting industry has created a wonderful and meaningful time but there are also
many big challenges Vietnam can adopt a great number of attractions of foreign
investment in the supporting industry, receive technology transfer of the world, create
good conditions to accelerate the process of industrialization and modernization of the
country, promote maturity businesses The biggest difficulty is information on the
current status of the supporting industry in Vietnam, production capacity, ability to
meet the needs of supporting products, exchange information Currently, the General
Department of Statistics has not yet developed the concepts, the basis of dividing
products of the supporting Industry, the indicator system, the statistical data on the
field of supporting industry development in order to have an overall assessment of
position and role as well as ability of the industry Moreocer, for Vietnam Support
Industrial Development to develop sustainably, it is necessary to determine the
combination of influencing factors in order to have a suitable solution system for each
factor In fact, there have been many studies assessing the situation and solutions to
develop supporting industries, but the scientific researches on the statistical sense of
supporting industry are not yet available This is the main reseasons why the author
decides to choose the thesis: "Statistical research on the impact of factors on the
development of supporting industries – the real situation in Bac Ninh province" for
their research direction It is a theoretical, practical, high-profile and urgent issue to
find solutions for the development of the supporting industry today The dissertation
goes into the real situation in Bac Ninh province because there have been many
industrial developments recently, especially attracting a great amount of water
investment capital The thesis follows the direction of studying a typical case to find
out the lessons for the development of supporting industry of the whole country In
addition, thanks to the difficulties in supporting industry data of the whole country, the
General Statistics Office has not been published yet, so the survey and research in the
whole country have many difficulties and do not guarantee high reliability of
information Therefore, the thesis limits the scope of research in Bac Ninh province
2 Research objectives of the thesis
- This thesis focuses on systematizing a number of basic theoretical issues about
supporting industry, classifying support industry groups, building a system of criteria
for evaluating the development and identifying factors affecting the development of
supporting industries
2
- This thesis evaluates the impact of factors on the development of SI support and proposes some solutions to improve the current industrialization situation of Vietnam
3 Subjects and scope of research
The research object of the thesis is the supporting industry and the impact of factors on the development of the supporting industry The thesis studies the following issues:
- Study the factors affecting the development of the supporting industry - the real situation in Bac Ninh province
- The object of collecting information is the owner of enterprises operating in supporting industry
4 Structure of the thesis
In addition to the introduction, conclusion, references and appendices, the content of the thesis is divided into 3 chapters:
Chapter 1: Basic theoretical issues about the supporting industry development Chapter 2: Indicator system for statistics of industrial development support and real situation in Bac Ninh’s supporting industry
Chapter 3: Research methods and results of research on the impact of factors on the development of the supporting industries
Chapter 4: Recommendations
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CHAPTER 1 BASIC THEORETICAL ISSUES ABOUT THE SUPPORTING INDUSTRIAL
DEVELOPMENT 1.1 The overview of research
* Experimental studies which use the qualitative methods
Some researches are basically based on theoretical basis and expert methods to
assess the achievements and limitations in the development of the supporting
industries of the countries that have been leading and given useful lessons and
solutions to many countries going after the development of supporting industry
Research by Abell Peter, 1990; Anderdon, 1999 provides some development
experiences for developing countries; Kenichi Ohno & Nguyen Van Thuong, 2011
analyzed and evaluated the achievements and limitations in the development of
supporting industries of the two countries Malaysia and Thailand, thereby drawing
meaningful lessons for countries and families going after by Nguyen Ke Tuan, 2004
mentioned generally: Concepts, roles and factors affecting the development of SI
support, proposed many effective policies and developments for the supporting
industry, especially the viewpoint to choose the development policies for Vietnam;
Kenichi Ohno, 2007; Kenichi Ohno and Nguyen Van Thuong, 2005) showed that the
competitiveness of the industry bases on factors
Except from a number of researches and reports in the world which relate to the
development of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) of other supporting industries
such as: Lipovatz Daphne et al, 2000 studying policies and mechanisms Industrial
push in Thailand - Industrialization policy with a focus on downstream plastic parts
industry and mold industry; Rantana E, 1999 studied the roles of small and medium
industrialization in Japan and Thailand; Rendon R, 2000 with an overview of
industrial subcontracting and partnership exchange; Subrahmanya & M.H Bala, 2006
with research on small and medium manufacturing enterprises in Japan:
Subcontracting, structure and operation Suzuky.S, 2006 studying Korea, promoting
parts industry and raw materials;
These reseaches focus on the nation's competitive advantages such as value
chains and industrial clusters: Michael Porter, 1990; Jones R.W & Kierzkowski.H,
2005; Briger, 1984; Dunning John, 1977; Eiamkanitchat, 1999; Elaine Mosakowski et
al, 1997; Ernst Dieter, 2000 said that the existence of supporting industries determines
the ability of national competition and creates advantages for industries to use output
in different ways
In adddition, there are some domestic studies that provide theoretical basis,
assess the situations, set out some solutions, improve policies and mechanisms to
develop the supporting industries (Foreign Trade University, 2010) ; (Phan Dang
4 Tuat, 2007,2008); (Le The Gioi, 2014), (Hoang Van Chau, 2010) On the basis of introducing concepts, nature, characteristics, theoretical system and policy system on the supporting industry, the authors propose solutions to macroeconomic policies and markets to promote the development of the supporting industries in Vietnam today
* Experimental studies which use the quantitative methods
This research uses to descriptive statistical methods to assess the situations and give some theoretical basis for the factors which affect the development of supporting industries of the authors: (Prof Nguyen Nguyen Tuan, 2014); (Tran Dinh Thien, 2012); (Nguyen Thi Hue, 2013); (Ha Thi Lan Huong, 2014); (Nguyen Thi Dung Hue, 2013); (Do Minh Thuy, 2013); (Truong Thi Chi Binh, 2010) brought many reasons that supporting industry has not developed such as: "The concept of the supporting industry is too general, the government has not paid attention, has not attracted foreign investment, ignoring rules determining the localization rate and capacity of Vietnamese enterprises is still weak ” Since then, the author has introduced a solution system to the development of supporting industries in Vietnam Moereover, a model is uses to analyze the influence of factors: (Luu Tien Dung et al, 2014); (Nham Phong Tuan & Nguyen Thi Tuyet, 2012); (Pham Van Hung, 2014)
1.2 The basic theoretical issues about supporting industry 1.2.1 The viewpoints on supporting industries:
With the points of view of the Industry support, the development history; and the Industry support from other countries With the real situation in Vietnam, the scope of research of the supporting industry is focused on a narrow scope to consentrate resources on developing high quality products directly which provided to enterprises
of assembly and processing
This thesis also states that: Supporting industry is a group of industrial activities providing intermediate inputs including components, spare parts and tools to produce these spare parts for the assembly industry and processing industry mainly based on that basis
1.2.2 The characteristics of supporting industry
Supporting industry has its own characteristics from the structures of development characteristics of the industry: multi-level calculation; calculation of linkage systems according to production processes, by region and depending on the main industry; diverse in technology and technology level
1.2.3 The classification of supporting industry
In order to classify the supporting industry based on the industry manufacturing technology, the author relied on the economic subdivision in the national account system (GSO, 2007) is a sector consisting of a group of production units with the relation to the same type of activity or similar activities to classify the supporting industry products
Trang 35 With a classification approach based on the national economic classification
system and product sub-sector combined with the Decision No 111/2015 / ND-CP of
the Government on "supporting industry development", it can be classified into
industry or technology in which the component manufacturing is one of the important
categories Therefore, a number of supporting industries are divided into six main
areas as follows: (1) Field of supporting Industry in textile industry; (2) Leather and
footwear; (3) Electronics - informatics; (4) Support for production of automobiles and
motorcycles; (5) Manufacturing mechanics; (6) High-tech industry support
1.3 The concept, the role of the supporting industry development
The concept of industrialization development: "is an increase in the number of
supporting industrial enterprises accompanied by the improvement of enterprises'
competitiveness"
The concept of industrialization development: "is an increase in the number of
supporting industrial enterprises accompanied by improving the competitiveness of
enterprises"
The improvement of enterprise capacity is more clearly reflected in the
competitiveness of enterprises in the market Accessed from the value chain by
M.Porter, 1990: "Competitiveness of enterprises is the ability to stand firm in the
competitive market, expand market share and increase profits through a number of
indicators such as productivity, quality, technology, differences in goods and services
provided, added value, production costs; is the ability of the business to perform better
than its competitors in achieving the most important goal” Competitiveness
approaching resources theory by J Barney, 1991 emphasizes the role of intrinsic factor
- the resources of a private enterprise Characteristics of resources are rare, hard to
imitate and irreplaceable Approach from competence theory by Amit R & et al,
1993, Peteraf, 1993; Barney, 1997; Beckman S.L et al., 2007, JJorg Freiling, 2004;
JJorg Freiling et al., 2008) provide factors including: Property, ability, capacity
There are total six steps during the research process of this thesis
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CHAPTER 2 THE SYSTEM OF STANDARD INDICATORS OF THE SUPPORTING INDUSTRY
DEVELOPMENT AND REALITY OF BAC NINH’S SUPPORT INDUSTRY
2.1 The statistical indicators system of the supporting industry development
- Speed of increasing (decreasing) the number of enterprises in the supporting industry
- Labor scale
- Production value
- Extra value
- Import and export value
- Average income of employees
- Labor productivity
- Proportion of added value in production value
- Export rate compared to production value
- Performance using total capital
2.2 The real situation and development trend of Bac Ninh’s supporting industry in the
period of 2010-2016
Bac Ninh is an attractive destination to many domestic and foreign investors Industry
of the province achieved rapid growth, the trend of restructuring towards positive among
sectors The growth rate of total products in the at the constant prices in 2010, but in 2018
compared to 2017 was 10.6% higher than the whole country (7.08%) Total products in the
province per capita reached 6498 $ ranked 2nd in 63 provinces and cities (the whole country
averaged 2587 $) The economic structure shifted towards a positive trend, the proportion of
industry - construction sector accounted for 76.6% of which, industry accounted for 72.2%
Industrial production affirmed the solidity as the driving force of industrial scale in GRDP
reaching VND 120,002 billion up 11.6%, industrial production value reached VND
1,136,000 billion, of which foreign-invested economic sector reached VND 1,055,600
billion The number of foreign-invested enterprises operating in the province is mainly from
South Korea, Japan and China
Bac Ninh province has identified the development of the supporting industry recently
as the main direction, because it is a high value-added industry, the product meets the needs
of domestic and foreign assembling enterprises In the period of 2010-2016, the number of
enterprises operating in this sector tends to increase:
8
Table 2.2: Number of supporting enterprises by sector group and type of enterprise in
Bac Ninh province in the period of 2010-2016
Unit: Enterprise Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
According to type of group
4 Support for manufacturing cars and
According to type of business
10 Enterprises with 100% foreign capital 25 47 51 79 104 173 198
Source: Bac Ninh Statistical Office
The number of supporting industry enterprises in Bac Ninh in the period of 2010-2016 tends to increase (average of 20.27% / year) On average, each year, the province has 190 enterprises operating in this field
Table 2.3: The structure of number of supporting enterprises by industry group in Bac
Ninh province in the period of 2010-2016
Unit: %
According to type of group
1 Textile supporting industry 11,47 13,54 11,41 11,09 13,96 11,55 10,39
2 Shoes supporting industry 3,38 2,77 1,78 2,16 1,15 1,61 1,07
3 Electronics - Informatics 14,53 15,62 20,49 26,41 37,24 41,41 44,80
4 Support for manufacturing cars
10,75
5 Mechanical engineering 59,46 59,45 54,79 44,16 37,04 34,08 32,25
According to type of group
Enterprises with 100% foreign capital 25,51 30,51 31,48 43,65 51,74 67,05 70,96
Domestic companies 73,47 68,84 67,29 54,15 47,27 31,79 28,33
Trang 59 Through table 2.3 shows that the number of the supporting enterprises in the Bac Ninh
province is mainly in the two groups of electronics - informatics and mechanical
engineering Particularly, domestic enterprises in the field of supporting industry tend to
decrease and FDI enterprises increase
Table 2.4: The added value at a constant prices in 2010 of Bac Ninh supporting
industry period 2010-2016
Increase in
quantity
(reduced)
continuous
Speed
Source: Bac Ninh Statistical Office - Annual enterprise survey 2010-2016
The added value of supporting industry sector in Bac Ninh province in the period of
2010-2016 increased by an average of 35% per year (equivalent to VND 1,656.509 million /
year)
Table 2.5: The continuous growth rate of added value and production value of
supporting industry in Bac Ninh province in the period of 2010-2016
Unit: %
Năm Tốc độ tăng của VA Tốc độ tăng GO Tỷ trọng VA so GO
Source: Bac Ninh Statistical Office - Annual enterprise survey 2010-2016
In 2011, the growth rate of the added value index was lower than the growth rate of the
production value index; the proportion of added value in production value is only 17.31%
By 2015, the proportion of added value in production value reached 26.82% Although the
growth rate of production value in 2016 is higher than the value-added growth rate and the
value-added proportion in the value of production decreased slightly, but it is in
consideration the period of 2010-2016, the industrialization sector of the province is
developing fast and effectively
Increasing the investment in the supporting industry, especially key sectors, the efficiency
of capital utilization over the years has been improved and improved
10
Table 2.6: The efficiency of capital use of the supporting industry in Bac Ninh
province period 2010-2016
Capital size
Billions
capacibility using capital
Source: Bac Ninh Statistical Office - Annual enterprise survey 2010-2016
The effeciency of capital use reflects 1 VND of investment capital can generate how many results as many as possible This higher indicator shows that the industry has used very good capital, maximizing the capacity of machines to produce Industry and trade industry needs capital to produce, especially investment capital for machinery and application of new technologies to participate in the supply chain
The babor productivity of the supporting industry in Bac Ninh province tends to increase and is always higher than the average labor productivity of the whole country On average, each employee in the supporting industry in the province in 2010 generated 149.45 million VND in value added the whole country reached 122.39 million VND / person, by
2016 it was 227.14 million VND person (nationwide 122 , 25 million VND / person)
Graph 2.4: The labor productivity in supporting industry in Bac Ninh and the whole
country 2010-2015 period
Source: Bac Ninh Statistical Office - Annual enterprise survey 2010-2016
With the general industrial development of the province, the key supporting industry is electronics - informatics, manufacturing and manufacturing industries These are industries with outstanding labor productivity and added value created in products are always improved and improved, contributing to improving workers' income, improving people's living standards and promoting economic development
Trang 611 Thanks to these above mentioned achievements, Bac Ninh province has become one of
the leading provinces in promoting SI Therefore, the thesis selects the province to be the
study area In order to determine the system of factors affecting Bac Ninh's supporting
industry, in addition to the theoretical basis, the thesis combines a qualitative research to
determine the influencing factors to build a suitable model for specific characteristics of Bac
Ninh province for the following sections
12
CHAPTER 3 THE RESEARCH METHOD AND RESEARCH RESULTS THE IMPACTS OF THE FACTORS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF BACNINH’S
SUPPORTING INDUSTRY 3.1 The researching methods
3.1.1 Qualitative research of factors affecting the development of supporting industries
This thesis selects the form of qualitative data collection which based on the direct interview plan of each person in order to deeply understand the views on the researched problem of the respondents, observe the reaction of the interviewees carefully, suggest many relevant ideas easily and especially the collection information will be more meaningful
From the above theoretical basis, the author gives the research model and hypotheses
as follows:
H16(+)
Figure 3.1 The official research model
3.1.2 The quantitative research on the impact of factors on the development of supporting industries
The steps used to perform the quantitative research
- Develop a scale: The process of general research and expert interviews, the thesis selects the scale with indicators or items that are most suitable for each variable and in accordance with the context of the study
- Evaluate scale: Based on ensuring validity and ensuring reliability Ensure the Cronbach Alpha index 0.7 so that the scale is stable and reliable over the measurement
The development of supporting industry
Responsibility environmental protection
Capacity market
High quality human resources
policy
Information and awareness Policy of tax
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- Official research: Completing the questionnaire to collect official information
Sampling and collecting data from the research subjects
- Data analysis: Using SPSS software to perform SEM analysis and build the proposed
regression function model
3.2 The research results from Bac Ninh province
Changing the high quality human resource skills with Cronbach Alpha = 0,936 and no
observed variables have the total variable correlation <0.5, so all 3 observed variables in the
variable of knowledge improvement are satisfactory The argument is similar to the
remaining variables, giving the results shown in Table 3.12:
Table 3.12: The results of evaluation of tree reliability of the above factors
Corrected item
- Total correlation
Cronbach's Alpha if Item Deleted Factor 1: The high quality human resources
Skills of CLC human resources with Cronbach
KNLD1 Company employees engaged in
production activities are those with
good experience and skills
KNLD2 Employees of enterprises always
have professional working attitude
to ensure maximum product quality
KNLD3 Labor is always capable of
acquiring and applying machinery
technology well
Human resource level with Cronbach Alpha =
0.818
TDLD1 Labor has the opportunity to
participate in joint training
programs between domestic and
foreign enterprises
TDLD2 Labor is regularly inspected and
has a certificate of qualification 1,44 0,757 0,659
TDLD3 Employees of enterprises are
always able to communicate about
foreign languages
Factor 2: Policy environment Cronbach Alpha =
0.866
14
Corrected item
- Total correlation
Cronbach's Alpha if Item Deleted
MTCS1 He or she always catches the
Government's policies on support industry
MTCS2 Government policies always follow
the real business situation of your business
MTCS3 The system of related laws well
supports the operation of his / her business
Factor 3: Tax policy with Cronbach Alpha = 0.869 CST1 The tax system is always clear (tax
officials do not take advantage of profiteering) ”
CST2 The tax policy in foreign trade is
protecting his or her business 3,50 0,819 0,750 CST3 The domestic tax policy of the
State is well supporting his or her business
Factor 4: Market capacity
Cronbach Alpha = 0,866
DLTT1 In case, he or she has a big market
(domestic and foreign market) 3,17 0,757 0,812 DLTT2 The market is increasingly
expanded due to the international economic integration
DLTT3 Products of enterprises mainly
supply directly to foreign markets 2,95 0,770 0,807 DLTT4 Products of enterprises mainly
provide for domestic assemblers capable of exporting final products
Factor 5: Information with Cronbach Alpha
=0,905
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Corrected item
- Total correlation
Cronbach's Alpha if Item Deleted
always receive timely assistance
with information about consulting
products of partners (especially
foreign enterprises' help
TT2 Investment promotion activities
make it easier for your company to
access customers
TT3 Your company seeks customers
based on advanced information
technology system
TT4 Information about customers who
need SP products is always updated
Factor 6: Responsibility to protect the
environment
Cronbach Alpha = 0,952
TNBVMT1 Investing in cleaner production
technology, rational use, saving
raw materials, fuel, reusing and
recycling waste, reducing
emissions into the environment
TNBVMT2 Investing in the waste collection
and treatment system (waste water,
exhaust gas, solid waste, dust,
noise) to ensure the environmental
technical standards and Vietnam
Standards on environment
TNBVMT3 Investing in renewable energy,
actively responding to climate
change
TNBVMT4 Investing in the green clean and
beautiful projects, improve the
environmental quality in and
around businesses
TNBVMT5 Supporting communities to 3,43 0,878 0,954
16
Corrected item
- Total correlation
Cronbach's Alpha if Item Deleted
improve the living environment such as building, repairing drains, clean water toilets, planting trees, collecting and classifying solid waste at source
Nhóm nhân tố 7: The development of supporting
industry
Cronbach Alpha = 0,902
PTCNHT1 Your company will continue to
increase the localization rate in their products
PTCNHT2 The product of your company is
able to meet the requirements of multinational companies in terms
of quality as well as price
PTCNHT3 Supply capacity of his or her
enterprise satisfies the needs of partners
PTCNHT4
Your company is competitive in the region and internationally
PTCNHT5
He or she will continue to expand investment in SI products in the coming time
The Cronbach Alpha results determine that the scales meet the reliability requirements Specifically: Cronbach Alpha of the scale of High quality human resource skills is 0.936; human resource qualification scale is 0.818; the scale of the policy environment is 0.866; the scale of tax policy is 0.869; the scale of the market capacity is 0.866; information scale
is 0.905; the scale of environmental protection responsibility is 0.952 and the development scale of supporting industry is 0.902 The above results state that the Cronbach Alpha coefficient satisfies the condition greater than 0.7, the factors are statistically significant and reach the required reliability coefficient
After the evaluation of EFA for each single variable, the results show that the initial criteria are guaranteed, the author continues to run EFA for all criteria simultaneously
Trang 917
Table 3.21: The results of factor analysis of simultaneous discovery of variables
Ingredient Eigen – value
The Cronbach alpha method is used to assess the reliability of the scale and analytical
methods of EFA with the Principal Component Alnalysis and the Varimax with Kaiser
Normalization which are used to evaluate the convergence and discrimination value of
scale Bartlett test with sig = 0,000 states that we can reject the hypothesis H0 (correlation
matrix is the unit matrix); ie variables which relate to each other KMO coefficient = 0.788,
according to Kaiser (1974) the relation of model is good and suitable for research The
results of convergence values show that the variables are explained 72,202% in the model
The author proceeds to put all scales of variables into a model to assess the suitability of this
model to evaluate and eliminate the inappropriate observations in the model These are the
results in details:
18
Figure 3.3: The results of CFA analysis (measurement model)
The regression coefficients on the model states that all are greater than 0.7 It is pretty good The covariance between the factors is less than 0.6 as well The result of Model Fit model (Appendix 3.3) shows: CFI = 0.918; TLI = 0.906 is good, PCLOSE = 0,000 (less than 0.05) satisfies the model's condition; RMSEA = 0.071 (less than 0.08) satisfies the appropriate model conditions
Table 3.23: The results of regression estimation among the observed variables in each
potential variable
Correlation of observed variables
with hidden variables
Estimate
S.E
False S.E
standard
Value critical C.R
Intention Meaning
P TNBVMT1 < - TNBVMT 1,000
Trang 1019 Correlation of observed
variables
with hidden variables
Estimate
S.E
False S.E
standard
Value critical C.R
Intention Meaning
P
PTCNHT1 < - PTCNHT 1,000
KNLD1 < - KNLD 1,000
DLTT1 < - DLTT 1,000
TDLD1 < - TDLD 1,000
MTCS1 < - MTCS 1,000
Source: Research results of the author (Note: P value: *** corresponds to P <0.001)
From these results table , I think that with anova analysis, sig = 0,000 research models
are considered appropriate The coefficient VIF of the factors satisfies the condition (<10),
there is no multi-linear phenomenon in the model Testing autocorrelation with DW = 1.893
shows no autocorrelation in the model So the research model is completely suitable
20 However, testing regression coefficients showed that TDLD variable did not affect the development of supporting industry (p_value = 0.345> 0.1) Therefore, the model is regained with the removal of TDLD variable as follows:
Coefficients a
Model
Unstandardized Coefficients
Standardized Coefficients
t Sig
Correlations Collinearity
Statistics
B Std
Error Beta
Zero-order Partial Part Tolerance VIF
1 (Constant) 1,635 0,435 3,760 0,000 KNLD 0,131 0,065 0,139 2,003 0,047 0,157 0,157 0,136 0,958 1,043 MTCS 0,126 0,084 0,124 1,493 0,013 0,357 0,118 0,101 0,663 1,509 CST 0,151 0,077 0,148 1,962 0,051 0,239 0,154 0,133 0,808 1,237 DLTT 0,195 0,066 0,235 2,970 0,003 0,415 0,230 0,201 0,733 1,364
TT 0,177 0,067 0,205 2,636 0,009 0,365 0,205 0,179 0,759 1,318 TNBVMT 0,004 0,051 0,005 0,069 0,094 0,080 0,005 0,005 0,955 1,047 Thanks to this standardized regression coefficients, the order of influence of the factors arranged in descending direction is as follows: The most influential factor is the policy environment (std = 0.084); the second is the tax policy factor (std = 0.077); the third
is the information element (std = 0.067); The fourth is the factor of market capacity (std = 0.066) and the worker skill factor (std = 0.066) and finally the environmental protection responsibility factor (std = 0.051)