HISTORY OF THE USA_Slide PowerPoint

The population between 50 and 100 million people, of which about 10 million lived in North America.America was not a vacant wasteland awaiting the arrival of “civilized Europeans” People in here speak language as Siouan, Algonquian, and Iroquoian. Relying on agriculture, fishing, hunting, and trapping.=> People of the Eastern Woodlands built stable villages In the early of 16th century, European started colonizing America.

I AMERICA BEFORE INDEPENDENCE

1 PRE-COLONIAL AMERICA

2 COLONIAL OF AMERICA

I AMERICA BEFORE INDEPENDENCE

The population between 50 and

100 million people, of which about

10 million lived in North America.

I AMERICA BEFORE INDEPENDENCE

1 PRE-COLONIAL AMERICA

I AMERICA BEFORE INDEPENDENCE

spawn

I AMERICA BEFORE INDEPENDENCE

1 PRE-COLONIAL AMERICA

GREAT LAKES

- People in here speak language as Siouan, Algonquian, and Iroquoian.

- Relying on agriculture, fishing, hunting, and trapping.

=> People of the Eastern Woodlands built stable villages

I AMERICA BEFORE INDEPENDENCE

1 PRE-COLONIAL AMERICA

- They lived in birch-covered wigwams or in rectangular longhouses.

Birch-covered wigwams Rectangular longhouses

- They also use light birchbark canoes to communicate with other tribes.

I AMERICA BEFORE INDEPENDENCE

2 COLONIAL AMERICA

- In 1492, Columbus discovered the “New World”- America

I AMERICA BEFORE INDEPENDENCE

2 COLONIAL AMERICA

- In the early of 16 th century, European started colonizing America

- In the late 16th century, England, France, Spain,… launched major colonization programs

in eastern North America.

Colonization of North Americas

in 1700

I AMERICA BEFORE INDEPENDENCE

- The most famous of these settlers were the “Pilgrim Fathers”.

- The colonist failed to recognize the existing civilizations of America and regarded the native as “barbarians”

I AMERICA BEFORE INDEPENDENCE

2 COLONIAL AMERICA

- In New World, tobacco provided a valuable cash crop.

- By the early 1700s enslaved Africans made up a growing percentage of the colonial population.

- Government protects their interests in their colonies by restricting trade with any other countries and by applying taxes and laws

- Colonies had one main purpose: to enrich the 'mother country’ by the triangular

trade routes.

I AMERICA BEFORE INDEPENDENCE

2 COLONIAL AMERICA

- The process of colonialism brought new diseases to America.

Population of Native Americans falling from 80 million to under 1 million in less than

500 years.

- The Native American Indians and the Europeans were literally from different worlds - neither understanding the culture of the other.

The beliefs, customs, languages, behavior and way of life of the Native Americans were totally undermined and were gradually eroded.

- The massive influx of European colonists led to increased conflict and war between the Europeans and the Native American Indians.

When did Columbus discover the “New World” ?

What is the special fish of Pacific Northwest ?

AMERICAN

INDEPENDENCE

- By the end of the 18th century, the whole of the eastern

coast of north America had been colonized, largely by the

British

- Some important events happened in the American Independence

The Boston Tea

The colonists' first meeting

in Philadelphia ( September

1774)

The colonists' first meeting

in Philadelphia ( September

1774)

The Declaration of Independence (4 July 1776)

The Declaration of Independence (4 July 1776)

The Battle of Saratoga

( October 1777)

- The American War of Independence lasted over six

years

- The French entered the war, after the American

victory in the battle of Saratoga in October 1777

The Battle of Yorktown ( October 1781)

19TH – CENTURY EXPANSION

- The American Revolution was achieved by the ‘original 13 states’ on the eastern seaboard

**Some of this land was acquired by treaty, such as Florida

Some by purchase, such as Louisiana

Some by war, such as Texas and California in the war of

1845 – 1847

-> By the end of the century, this form of continuous colonizing or ‘pioneering’ had led to the settlement of the entire united states from the east coast to the west

THE WAR OF SECESSION

(1861-1865)

Expansion brought problems, not least because of the very different societies of the north and the south

When the Republican

candidate, Abraham Lincoln was elected President in

1860

***Lincoln refused to allow secession to disrupt the Union However, as civil war became inevitable

- Virginia also seceded on the constitutional grounds that

every state in the Union enjoyed sovereign rights

- Nebraska, North Carolina and Tennessee quickly

followed

- The 23 states of the industrial north, with a population

of 22,000,000, were, therefore, opposed by 11 southern states, almost 4,000,000 of whose 9,000,000 inhabitants

were slaves

Some states seceded in the American Civil War

- The three main theatres of action when war broke out in 1861 were the sea, the Mississippi Valley and the Eastern seaboard states.

- The war became a lost cause for the south after the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863

The Battle of Gettysburg ( July 1863 ) The Battle of Gettysburg ( July 1863 )

INDUSTRIALIZATION AND

IMMIGRATION

In less than fifty years between the Civil War and the First World War, the economic progress of the United States was speeded up by thousands of inventions like telephone and typewriter

INDUSTRIALIZATION AND IMMIGRATION

In less than fifty years between the Civil War and the First World War, the economic progress of the United States was speeded up

by thousands of inventions like telephone and typewriter

Andrew Carnegie ( 1835 – 1919 )

Andrew Carnegie ( 1835 – 1919 )

He contributed to the

American steel industry

flourishing in the late 19th

century

- An important factor was continuous and unrestricted (không có giới hạn) immigration from Europe

- In the hundred years between 1820 and 1920, more than thirty million immigrants came to America The countries who sent the most immigrants were Germany and Ireland, but immigrants came from all over Europe

- While many of the 5 million immigrants

who had come over between 1850 and

1870 had been able to obtain cheap land in

the west, this was no longer possible for

the 20 million people who poured in the

country between 1870 and 1910 (mainly

from southern and eastern Europe) and

who were eager to work at almost any

wages and under almost any conditions

President Teddy Roosevelt, a Republican, began a social crusade (chiến dịch) in 1901 with the help of the progressive (tiến bộ) members in both the Democratic and Republican parties

Question 1: How many events are there in the

Question 2: When was the Declaration of

Independence signed ?

B 4 July 1777

Question 3: When was Abraham Lincoln elected President ? Question 3: When was Abraham Lincoln elected President ?

The war in the air

The war on the sea

The war in the trenchs

Trench : chiến hào

I, Cause of the world war I

The direct cause

1 The indirect cause

• The unequal development of capitalist countries in economics

and politics.

• The unequal development of capitalist countries in economics

and politics.

• The conflict of the imperialist contries about the colonial issue.

Capitalist countries: các nước tư bản

Imperialist countries: các nước đế quốc

Colonical issue: vấn đề về

thuộc địa

2 The direct cause

28/6/1914: Prince Ferdinand

of Austria-Hungary was killed.

The first world war was deviced into

two stages

The first world war was deviced into

two stages

II, Evolution of the World War 1

1 The first stage (1914 – 1916)

- On 28 /7/1914, Austria - Hungary declared war on Serbia.

- On 1/8, Germany declared war on Russia

- On 3 /8, Germany declared war on France

- On 4 /8, Britain declared war on Germany → World War I

broke out.

- On 28 /7/1914, Austria - Hungary declared war on Serbia.

- On 1/8, Germany declared war on Russia

- On 3 /8, Germany declared war on France

- On 4 /8, Britain declared war on Germany → World War I

broke out.

Declare war on: tuyên chiến

2 The second stage ( 1917 – 1918)

America participated in

a war.

America participated in

a war.

11/11/1918 Germany accepted to surrender no condition

The war finished

III, The consequence of war

- World War I ended with the complete failure of the Alliance to inflict heavy casualties on people and property:

   + 10 million dead    + 20 million injured    + The cost of the war was $ 85 billion

- Russia's October Revolution successfully marked a big change in the world.

• The nature of the war: World War I was an imperial war.

• World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945.

• Nearly every country was involved

in this war from USA till Japan So that’s why it was a world war

What’s World War II ???

• World War II started when Nazi Germany invaded

The two Alliances of World War II

• The World War II included two opposite alliances:

• Axis powers :(Germany, Italy, Japan, Hungary, Romania,

Bulgaria)

• Allies: (U.S., Britain, France, USSR, Australia, Belgium,

Brazil, Canada, China, Denmark, Greece, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, South Africa, Yugoslavia)

• The World War II included two opposite alliances:

• Axis powers :(Germany, Italy, Japan, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria)

• Allies: (U.S., Britain, France, USSR, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Denmark, Greece, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, South Africa, Yugoslavia)

Main Battles in World War II

The ending of World War II

• On 8 May 1945, the Allies accepted Germany's surrender, about a week after Adolf Hitler had committed suicide VE Day – Victory in Europe celebrates the end of the Second World War on 8 May 1945

• The surrender of the Empire of Japan was announced by Imperial Japan on August 15 and formally signed on September 2, 1945, after the USA dropped the atomic bomb

on Hiroshima and Nagasaki on 8 August 1945

The Atomic Bomb Exploding and the aftermath in

Hiroshima

The Atomic Bomb Exploding and the aftermath in

Hiroshima

Outcomes of World War II

• Germany was divided into four parts Part for the USA , part for the UK ,part for the Soviet Union and part for France

• Europe was divided into 2

parts Free countries(West)

Communist countries(East)

Economic Outcomes of World War II

• Due to men absence for fighting, women took

their place in manufacturing Rosie the

Riveter was an icon representing the 6 mil

women working in the USA

• Capitalism spread wide in Europe after the

soviet invasion

• At the end of the war, millions of people

were homeless, the European economy had

collapsed, and much of the European

industrial infrastructure had been destroyed

Facts About World War II

• 80% of Soviet males born in 1923 didn't survive World War 2

• Between 1939 and 1945 the Allies dropped 3.4 million tons of bombs, An average of about 27,700 tons of bombs each month.

• Germany lost 40-45% of their aircraft during World War 2 to accidents

• 84 German Generals were executed by Hitler

Question 1: Conflict fierce between countries Empire

"old" and the water Empire "young" end of the

nineteenth century - early twentieth century mainly

because :

A Property issues weapons and means war

new

B The issues Colonial

C Strategy economic development

D Contradiction in foreign policy

Question 2: Which countries participate in the

C America,

Germany,

Russia

B English, French, Russian

1, THE BEGIN OF THE COLD WAR

2, THE END OF THE COLD WAR

AR

THE COLD WAR (1945-1991)

THE BEGINNING

OF THE COLD WAR

THE END

OF THE COLD WAR

1, THE BEGIN

THE BEGINNING OF THE COLD

WAR

Conflicts of national interest caused the World War II alliance(liên minh)

between the United States and the Soviet Union to be replaced by a Cold War that lasted 45 years Initially a dispute over the future of Europe, it

grew to include confrontations(sự đối đầu) around the world.

 The Cold War got its name because

both sides were afraid of fighting each other directly In a "hot war," nuclear

weapons(vũ khí hạt nhân) might

destroy everything So, instead, both sides fought each other indirectly They supported opposing sides in conflicts in different parts of the world They also used words as weapons They

threatened and denounced each other

Or they tried to make each other look foolish.

The Cold War got its name because both sides were afraid

of fighting each other directly

In a "hot war," nuclear

weapons(vũ khí hạt nhân)

might destroy everything So, instead, both sides fought each other indirectly They supported opposing sides in conflicts in different parts of the world They also used words as weapons They

threatened and denounced(tố

cáo) each other Or they tried to

make each other look foolish.

 Cold War tensions increased, then eased, then increased again over the years The changes came

as both sides attempted to influence political and economic developments around the world.

 In the nineteen fifties, the United States began

sending military advisers(cố vấn quân sự) to help South Vietnam defend itself against communist(cộng

sản) North Vietnam.

VIET NAM AND USA

IN THE COLD WAR

• Cold War tensions increased, then eased, then increased again over the years The changes came as both sides attempted to influence political and economic developments around the world

• In the nineteen fifties, the United States

began sending military advisers(cố vấn quân sự) to help South Vietnam defend itself against communist(cộng sản)

THE NUCLEAR BAN TREATY OF 1963

TEST- The Cuban missile crisis showed that neither the United States nor the Soviet Union were ready to use nuclear

weapons (vũ khí hạt nhân)for fear of the other’s retaliation (sự trả thù) The two

superpowers soon signed the Nuclear

Test-Ban Treaty( hiệp ước cấm thử

nghiệm hạt nhân) of 1963

The Cuban missile crisis showed that neither the United States nor the

Soviet Union were ready to use nuclear weapons (vũ khí hạt nhân)for

fear of the other’s retaliation (sự trả thù) The two superpowers soon

signed the Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty( hiệp ước cấm thử nghiệm hạt

nhân) of 1963

THE NUCLEAR TEST-BAN TREATY OF

1963

THE END OF THE COLD WAR

Barbed wire bars(thanh thép gai) passage through the

Brandenburg Gate at the East-West border in Berlin in

1961 Barbed wire bars(thanh thép gai) passage

through the Brandenburg Gate at the West border in Berlin in 1961

East-THE END OF East-THE COLD WAR

Never having been declared, the Cold War did not end on a single agreed date, but it can reasonably

be said that it ended with the creation of a united, independent Germany in October 1990, the

most important issue of its origins.

Never having been declared, the Cold War did not end on a single agreed date, but it can reasonably be said that it ended with the creation of a united, independent Germany in October 1990, the most important issue of its origins

THE COLD WAR WAS

ended the alliance(liên minh) The Cold

War was over.

The Berlin Wall, the major symbol of communist oppression, was torn down

in November of that year In less than a year, East and West Germany became one nation again A few months after that, Warsaw Pact countries officially

ended the alliance(liên minh) The Cold

War was over.

THE COLD WAR WAS

OVER