Sự biến đổi của các giá trị đạo đức truyền thống việt nam hiện nay tt tiếng anh

Practical significance: The research results of the thesis contribute to protecting, preserving and developing the traditional ethical values of Vietnam in the context of market economy

VIETNAM ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

GRADUATE ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

DOCTORAL DISERTATION SUMMARY

Hanoi - 2019

This doctoral dissertation is completed at:

GRADUATE ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

Scientific Supervisor: Prof., Dr Ho Si Quy

Reviewer 1: Prof., Dr Nguyen Van Tai

Reviewer 2: Assoc Prof.Dr Nguyen Thi Tho

Reviewer 3: Prof., Dr Tran Phuc Thang

The thesis will be defenced in the Commission for doctoral thesis evaluation of the Graduate Academy of Social Sciences in…….2019

The thesis can be found at:

The National Libary of Vietnam

The Library of the Graduate Academy of Social Sciences

INTRODUCTION

1 The urgency of the research theme

The PhD student has chosen:"The transformation of Vietnamese traditional ethical values today" as his doctoral thesis for the following reasons:

Firstly, among the traditional values of the Vietnamese nation, traditional

ethical values such as patriotism, solidarity, community consciousness, compassion, philanthropism, diligence, thrift, fondness of learning, respecting Teacher and honoring the Way always play fundamental roles Although the traditional moral values of the Vietnamese people have been formed and relatively stable for a long time, their content, structure and mode of expression are not constant but always change along with the change of socio-economic life, political institutions and the infiltration, interaction and enculturation with the trends of thought and culture from the outside So it is necessary to clarify that process of change/transfomation

Secondly, in our country today, the promotion of the cause of

industrialization, modernization, market economy development, international integration makes traditional moral values inherited and supplemented by new elements that are modern and valuable to all humanity but also there is a tendency to degrade traditional moral values in some communities and classes, especially young people

Thirdly, the study of the transformation of traditional ethical values in

Vietnam aims to find solutions to limit negative changes and orient traditional ethical values to transform according to positive trends

2 The purpose and tasks of the dissertation

Research purpose: to clarify the transformation of traditional ethical values

in Vietnam in the current conditions, thereby proposing directions and solutions

to ensure the transformation of traditional moral values is in a positive direction

Research tasks: In order to achieve the above purpose, the thesis will conduct

the following research tasks:

Firstly, reviewing the research works related to the topic and identifying the

contents that the thesis need to continue to study

Secondly, clarifying the basic concepts that form the theoretical framework to

study the transformation in traditional moral values and analyze that transformation

in the historical movement of the Vietnamese nation

Thirdly, studying the reality of changing traditional ethical values in Vietnam,

both in the positive and negative changes as well as the causes of those changes in our country today

Fourthly, proposing some orientations and solutions to promote positive effects

and limit negative effects on changing traditional moral values, meeting the requirements of building Vietnamese country and people in current conditions

3 Objectives and Scope of research

Objectives: The thesis studies the transformation of Vietnamese traditional

ethical values in the current conditions

Scope of research: The thesis focuses on the transformation of some typical

Vietnamese moral values such as patriotism, solidarity and sense of community, compassion, diligence and thrift, studiousness, being deferential to teacher and respected for moral…

The time for survey of the transformation of Vietnamese traditional ethical values is mainly from the Renovation (1986) to now

4 Theoretical basis and research methods

Theoretical basis: The thesis is based on Marxist - Leninist philosophy and

ethics, Ho Chi Minh's thoughts and views of the Communist Party of Vietnam

on Vietnamese traditional moral values At the same time, the thesis also inherits the views and research achievements of scientists on issues related to the thesis topic

Research methods: The thesis uses the methods of dialectical materialism

and historical materialism, of Marxist-Leninist ethics, with particular emphasis

on methods such as historical and logical unity, analysis and synthesis, comparison, abstraction, generalization and axiology

New scientific contribution of the dissertation

Firstly, analyzing the transformation process and the factors affecting the

transformation of Vietnamese traditional ethical values

Secondly, proposing a number of orientations and solutions to influence the

transformation of Vietnamese traditional moral values in a positive direction and limit negative trends

6 Theoretical and practical significance of the dissertation

Theoretical significance: The thesis contributes to further research on some

theoretical issues of the transformation of Vietnamese traditional moral values The thesis can be used as a reference for reasearch and teaching activities on the topics of ethics and Vietnamese traditional moral values in current conditions within the majors of philosophy and ethics of graduate and postgraduate units in Vietnam

Practical significance: The research results of the thesis contribute to

protecting, preserving and developing the traditional ethical values of Vietnam

in the context of market economy development and international integration; at the same time, creating active positive effects and limit negative changes to Vietnamese traditional ethical values in the current period

7 Structures of the thesis

Apart from the introduction, the conclusion, the list of references and the appendices, the thesis is structured in 04 chapters and 9 sections

CHAPTER 1 OVERALL REVIEW OF RESEARCH WORKS RELATED TO

THE THEME 1.1 Theoretical issues of traditional ethical values and the transformation of Vietnamese traditional ethical values

1.1.1 Research works on the theoretical issues of ethical values and Vietnamese traditional ethical values

In the book "The traditional spiritual values of the Vietnamese nation"

(1993), Ho Chi Minh City Publisher, Tran Van Giau deeply analyzed the precious traditional spiritual values of Vietnamese people; they are patriotism, diligence, heroism, creativity, optimism, philanthropism, sense of righteousness

In the articles: "Traditional values and modern values" by Nguyen Ngoc

Van published in the Journal of Social Science Information, No 11/1995 and

"Tradition and modernity: some thoughts and suggestions" of Phan Huy Le

published in the Communist Review, No 8/1996, the authors stated and analyzed the basic traditional values of the nation (including traditional moral values) and their role in forming modern values

In the paper "The issue of exploiting traditional values for development

purposes", Journal of Philosophy, No 2/1998; the author Nguyen Trong Chuan

stated relatively clearly about the content and ways to exploit traditional values for development purposes

In the work: "Traditional values under the challenges of globalization" by

Nguyen Trong Chuan and Nguyen Van Huyen (co-editor) (2002), National politics Publisher, Hanoi, the authors not only mentioned the traditional values and realities of Vietnamese traditional values but also raised issues about the need to preserve and promote national cultural identity under the challenges of globalization

And some other typical projects need to be mentioned are: Ngo Duc Thinh

(Editor) (2014), "Vietnamese cultural values - tradition and transformation", National politics Publisher, Hanoi; Tran Duc Duong, "Promoting the positive

values of ancestor worship in the current period", Journal of Religious Studies,

No 2/2010; Tran Nguyen Viet, "Traditional ethical values of Vietnam and the

popularization of all humanity of ethics in a market economy", Journal of

Philosophy, No 5/2002;

Firstly, the authors basically agreed with typical traditional spiritual values

stated by Tran Van Giau such as patriotism, kindness, sense of community, diligence, creativity, fondness of learning, in which patriotism is the primary value At the same time, these are also the traditional ethics values of the Vietnamese nation

Secondly, the authors affirmed that the traditional moral values formed

along with the process of formation and development of national history regulated by socio-economic conditions, cultural – beliefs activities, political institutions are transmitted from generation to generation

Thirdly, the authors affirmed that the traditional moral values of the nation

are human values, so they have longevity

Fourthly, the authors said that traditional moral values in particular as well

as traditional values in general are the thread connecting the past, present and future of the nation At the same time, they are also the premise and motivation for promoting the development of national history

1.1.2 Research works related to the issue on transformation of Vietnamese traditional ethical values

In the book "The traditional spiritual values of the Vietnamese nation"

(1993), Ho Chi Minh City Publisher by Tran Van Giau, from determining the traditional spiritual values and traditional moral values of the nation, the author raised the need to inherit the spiritual and traditional values in building new cultural values in our country today Besides that, the traditional moral values must also have certain transformations to be compatible with the changes of social conditions

On the impact of innovation on moral values, it must first mention the work:

"The transformation of the moral value ladder in a market economy with the

construction of new ethics for management staffs in our country today” by

Nguyen Chi My (editor), National politics Publisher, Hanoi, 1999 The authors mentioned a number of moral issues that are of interest to society, and also have profound explanations about the transformation of moral values in the market mechanism In addition, the authors also studied and proposed some orientations and solutions for the formation of new moral values under the impact of the

market economy in order to build moral values for management staffs in our country today

According to author Nguyen Dinh Tuong in the article "Some

manifestations of changing moral values in the market economy in Vietnam today and solutions to overcome", (Journal of Philosophy, No 6/2002), the

preservation and promotion of traditional moral values is to enrich the content of these traditional moral values in the new era, serving the construction and development of the country

In the work: "Studying traditional cultural values in the process of

industrialization and modernization" by Nguyen Trong Chuan, Pham Van Duc,

Ho Si Quy (co-editor) (2002), National Political Publishing House, Hanoi, the authors presented the transformation of traditional values to modern values It is due to the transition to the implementation of a market economy, due to technological advances in production and in the operational areas of social life The impact of the market economy, of industrialization and modernization in the process of globalization on traditional cultural values is always double-sided (positive and negative), so the exploitation, preservation and promotion of traditional values is one of ensuring the sustainable development of society and people

In the book: "Globalization in the Asia-Pacific context: Some philosophical

issues" by Pham Van Duc (Editor) (2007), Social sciences Publisher, Hanoi, the

author analyzed and evaluated the transformation of some traditional Vietnamese values in the face of positive and negative impacts of globalization

In the article: "Marx’s thought on ethics and its meaning for the cause of

building new morality in Vietnam today", Journal of Philosophy, No 9/2008, the

author Nguyen Van Phuc concretized Marx’s thought on social existence determining social consciousness in general and morality in particular, at the same time presented F.Engels’s argument on the social nature of morality by showing the modernity, nationality and class of ethics

In addition, the works need to be mentioned such as: "The transformation of

cultural values in the context of building a market economy in Vietnam today",

by Nguyen Duy Bac (editor) (2008); "Ethical consciousness in the market

economy conditions in our country today" by Le Thi Tuyet Ba (2010), Social

Sciences Publisher, Hanoi, 2010; "Some issues on Marxist ethics and building

ethics in the market economy conditions in Vietnam today" by Nguyen The Kiet

(2012), National Politics Publisher, Hanoi

All of the above works confirm that:

Firstly, the transformation of traditional moral values is not an unusual

thing, but an objectively necessary law of development This depends on economic development conditions The dominant moral standards have been always determined by the ruling class, the class representing the forces that determine social development in each certain historical period

socio-Secondly, the transformation of moral values is both in terms of content and

form of expression

Thirdly, the transformation takes place both in a positive and negative

direction Therefore, there must be orientations for the development of moral values

Fourthly, the transformation of traditional moral values is not only the

inheritance of national values but also the reception and modification of the cultural spiritual and moral values of the other nations during the exchange process

Fifthly, traditional moral values are altered but change more slowly, more

sustainable than other spiritual values At the same time, they still occupy a significant position and role in the development of human communities, first of all culturally and spiritually

1.2 The works related to the reality, the causes of transformation in Vietnamese traditional ethical values as well as orientations and solutions to ensure a positive transformation

1.2.1 The works related to the reality of transforming Vietnamese traditional ethical values and its causes

In the report "Value and transformation of Vietnamese traditional cultural

values" presented at the Scientific Conference "Preserving and promoting

Vietnamese traditional cultural values in the process of innovation and integration", 18th September, 2009 in Bien Hoa - Dong Nai, author Tran Ngoc Them said that unlike other countries, Vietnam has a static development with gradual, little mutations

Nguyen Dinh Tuong in the article "Preserving and promoting traditional

cultural values in Vietnam under the impact of globalization" (Journal of

Philosophy, No 5/2006) stated and analyzed the reality of Vietnamese traditional cultural values under the impact of globalization The negative effects

of globalization have been challenging many traditional spiritual values, as well

as the personality of Vietnamese people In particular, some of the good,

important and sacred traditional values of the Vietnamese people are also at risk

of being eroded and corrupted

Nguyen Van Phuc in the article "On creating a strong change in the

construction of new morality in our country today" (Philosophical Journal, No

11/2006) said that when considering the current reality of morality now, it is necessary to accept the fact that, to a certain extent, the uncertainty of moral standards is inevitable

According to Nguyen Thi Thanh Huyen in the article "Globalization and the

risk of degradation of Vietnamese morality and lifestyle today" (Journal of

Philosophy, No 6/2007), globalization is introducing the Western lifestyle into our country On the one hand, it positively impacts on transforming a closed, resigned, dependent, dependent lifestyle into an open, dynamic, independent, responsible lifestyle, in line with the trend of the times However, it is also the lack of orientation towards acquiring that way of life that leads to being far away lifestyle according to national ethical standards

In the books "Moral culture in our country today - Issues and solutions" by

Le Quy Duc - Hoang Chi Bao (Co-editor), (2007, Culture and Information

Publishing House & Cultural Institute, Hanoi) and "Vietnamese cultural values -

tradition and transformation" by Ngo Duc Thinh (Editor, 2014, National

Politics Publishing House, Hanoi), the authors commented that the traditional cultural innovation takes place in an unusual way which is without inheritance and development, acquisition and removal but often a chaotic interweaving between the old and the new does not create an organic connection with each other That means the old is lost while the new has not yet formed, creating a loss in cultural life and consequently, the cultural life of the people is depleted and becomes poor

The research works related to the current situation of transformation of Vietnamese traditional ethical values have solved some isues:

Firstly, like most other cultural values, traditional moral values transform

slowly with little mutation

Secondly, in the process of transforming the traditional moral values, there

are appearing moral disturbances

Thirdly, there are two trends of transformation:

- The first trend is forming some new values, overcoming the limitations of traditional values

- The second trend is the "slipping", degradation which is increasingly far removed from traditional values

Fourthly, due to the current situation of disruption of standards and

degradation, it is necessary to pay attention to morality both in value and value (bad qualities of Vietnamese people)

non-The authors analyzed and identified objective and subjective causes of the above situation

Regarding objective causes: Due to the socio-economic conditions in the transitional period; due to the impact of internal market factors in conditions of integration and globalization; due to a change in the mechanism of operating political institutions

Regarding subjective causes: due to the inadequate management and orientation of social management levels, both at the theory, law and management practices

1.2.2 The works related to solutions that ensure the transformation of Vietnamese traditional moral values in a positive direction

Author Nguyen Dinh Tuong in the article: "Some manifestations of the

transformation of moral values in the market economy in Vietnam today and solutions to overcome", (Journal of Philosophy, No 6/2002) focused on the

propagation and moral education for the whole society, especially the younger generation That is the task of each family, schools and society In the article

"Preserving and promoting Vietnamese traditional cultural values under the impact of globalization", (Journal of Philosophy, No 5/2006), this author

analyzed and clarified the situation and the cause of preserving and promoting Vietnamese traditional cultural values in the context of globalization today

The authors of the book "Globalization in the context of Asia-Pacific: Some

philosophical issues" by Pham Van Duc (Editor) (Social Sciences Publishing

House, Hanoi, 2007), provided some basic solutions to protect and promote traditional cultural values and overcome the ethical and lifestyle degradation as

follows: firstly, building a social-oriented market economy that is the guarantee for preserving and promoting traditional cultural values; secondly, strengthening

the role of law in protecting traditional values and resolutely fighting against the thoughts, morals, and lifestyles that are not in line with Vietnamese national

traditions; thirdly, strengthening traditional education

According to Nguyen Van Phuc in the article "Marx’s view on ethics and its

meaning for the cause of building a new morality in Vietnam today" (Journal of

Philosophy, No 9/2008), morality is regulated by the socio-economic basis, therefore, the construction of new morality must now be attached and a part of the innovation

Author Tran Duc Duong in the article "Promoting the positive values of

ancestor worship in the current period" (Journal of Religious Studies, February

2010) said that to promote the traditional cultural values (including traditional moral values), it is necessary to have orientations from the Party's and State's guidelines and policies; At the same time, there must be close and synchronized coordination of different sectors, levels, political social organizations, villages, communes, kinship, each family and each person in awareness and action to increasingly promote positive values and overcome limitations of ancestor worship and thereby building a better society

The work "Vietnamese cultural values - tradition and transformation"

(National Political Publishing House, Hanoi, 2014) by Ngo Duc Thinh (Editor), points out that to preserve and promote traditional cultural values, to proactively integrate into the world in the context of globalization, we need to implement key solution points of view

In the above works, the authors have proposed solutions to ensure the transformation of traditional cultural values in general and traditional moral values in particular in a positive direction

Firstly, strengthening the education on traditional cultural values (including

traditional moral values)

Secondly, promoting the development of a socialist-oriented market economy,

promoting industrialization and modernization to create premise and conditions for good infrastructure to ensure the transformation of traditional cultural values in general as well as traditional moral values in a positive direction

Thirdly, completing the system of policies and laws, and strictly enforce policies

and laws to ensure the orientation to transform traditional moral values in a positive direction

Fourthly, promoting the positive role of moral subjects (individuals, collectives,

communities, nation ) in preserving and promoting traditional values

1.3 The issues need to be further studied in the thesis

Although there have been many works related to the issues of the dissertation topic, we have found that most works have only approached the issues of traditional cultural values or traditional spiritual values There are some works have discussed the transformation of Vietnamese traditional ethical values

but they have not mentioned about that directly but mainly clarify some aspects

of the relationship between traditional moral values and market economy Acquiring the results and suggestions of the above mentioned works, we continue to study the following issues:

Firstly, studying the system of theories, viewpoints on ethical values and the

transformation of traditional ethical values in modern society

Secondly, defining clearly traditional moral values and Vietnamese

traditional moral values; classifying, arranging and analyzing typical and specific Vietnamese moral values

Thirdly, surveying the current situation of the transformation of Vietnamese

traditional moral values, both in terms of their form, content and structure according to some surveyable criteria such as areas and ethnic and social components composition, class ; Researching in more detail and analyzing the causes of that transformation

Fourthly, proposing a number of orientations and solutions to orient the

transformation of Vietnamese traditional moral values in a positive way in oder

to ensure nationality and modernity

CONCLUSION OF CHAPTER 1 The traditional moral value and its transformation are not unusual but the objectively necessary law of development due to socio-economic development and the need for social stabilization of the ruling class in each certain historical period The scientists all agree on the Vietnamese traditional ethical values that are typical such as: patriotism, solidarity, philanthropism, diligence, fondness of learning

When referring to the transformation of traditional moral values, the authors have argued that it is a transformation in both content and form, both positive and negative way; there is transformation but there is also inheritance of quintessential values of the nation and mankind Along with pointing out the cause of the transformation of traditional moral values, authors have mentioned solutions to limit the transformation in a negative direction and orient them to develop a positive way

Chapter 2 THE TRANSFORMATION OF VIETNAMESE TRADITIONAL ETHICAL VALUES - SOME BASIC THEORETICAL ISSUES 2.1 Vietnamese traditional moral values: basic concepts and some typical values

2.1.1 The basic concepts

2.1.1.1 The concept of ethics

Ethics is a social phenomenon formed from the formative state of human

society, which are requirements, rules set by life that each person must follow

voluntarily Ethics include: ethical consciousness, ethical behavior and ethical

relations

Ethical consciousness is the system of knowledge of value, moral-value orientation, ideals, feelings, beliefs, reason, and will to regulate relations and moral behaviors

Ethical behavior is human action under the influence of ethical ideals, expressed through affection, belief, reason, will

Ethics is also a form of social relations, which is the relationship of each human being with oneself and the relationship of each person with the community, so ethics is always social and there is a dialectical unity between social ethics and personal ethics

Ethics is present as a useful, positive meaning for human life and therefore valuable to society When the system of ethical values meets the needs, benefits and significance for the subjects, is chosen by the moral subjects to adjust and evaluate the behavior, behavioral relationship, it is the ethical value orientation

2.1.1.2 The concept of value

In fact, there are many sciences that use the concept of value such as mathematics, logic, culturology, art, sociology, philosophy, aesthetics, ethics Most of the them affirm that value shows what is useful and meaningful that which are things, phenomena of nature, of society and of conscious thinking; they are able to satisfy certain material or spiritual needs and serve human interests

From the author's point of view: Value is a concept that refers to the

socio-cultural meaning of phenomena, including all that meet the needs, interests and has certain meaning for a subject ((be it) individual, collective, social), that is the unity between objective factors and subjective factors of the subject in consideration and evaluation They promote positive activities, subjective efforts