COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY PRESENTATION- GROUP 1

• Cognitive psychology focuses on how the brain acquire knowledge, use knowledge to produce behavior.. Stages of memory- Memory Storageinformation Sensory Memory Holds the information f

MODULE: PSYCHOLOGY FOR LANGUAGE TEACHING

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY

OUTLINE

Part 1: Definition, history

Part 2: Approaches and topics

Part 3: Strengths and weaknesses Part 4: Implications for teaching

Part 5: Discussion

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY

• Definition

• “The science of mental

life” (George Miller)

• Concerned with the

way in which the human mind thinks and learns.

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY

History

• In the past, scientists studied only external observable behavior, which can be objectively measured

• Behaviorism dominated until the 1950s

• Cognitive psychology became of great importance due to

dissatisfaction with the behaviorist approach and increased use of

computer

• The birth of cognitive psychology: George Miller (1956) The magical number 7 plus or minus 2.

• After that, the cognitive psychology continued to grow Some of the key developments include:

– Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) Multi Store Model

– Newell and Simons (1972) Human Problem Solving

• Nowadays, cognitive psychology is applied in all areas of psychology including biological, social, behaviorism…

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY

Approaches of Cognitive Psychology

• Cognitive psychology focuses on how the brain acquire knowledge, use

knowledge to produce behavior

• It is the study of internal mental

processes such as:

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY- MEMORY

Memory is the faculty of the

brain by which information is

encoded (process often known

as Learning), stored, and

retrieved when needed.

Different cognitive processes

Stages of memory- Memory Storage

information

Sensory Memory

Holds the information for only

a few seconds

Stages of memory- Memory Storage

information

Short- Term Memory (STM)

holds information anywhere for less than 30 seconds

Stages of memory- Memory Storage

information

Long - Term Memory (STM)

Will hold information indefinitely And has an unlimited capacity

( limitless)

Different cognitive processes

HOW TO IMPROVE YOUR STUDENTS’ MEMORY?

Suggest games that use visual memory Encourage questions Encourage active reading

How to improve memory

Create mind maps

Break information into smaller chunks make information connections

How to improve memory

Use all senses

How to improve memory

Look at the picture and answer the questions followed

• 1.How many people taking part in the camping?

• 2 When did they come here?

Yesterday or few days ago?

• 3 Is there any villages nere

here?

COGNITIVE APPROACH STRENGTHS

• 1- It highlights people’s thought processes

- The behavioral approach ( focuses only on outward actions)

Stimulate Response ( passive learning)

- The cognitive approach ( focus on inward) and find out how the brain interprets stimuli.

- It highlights how cognition greatly affects behavior.

Stimulate Outcome ( active learning)

Pavlov’s experiment

Classical conditioning

COGNITIVE APPROACH STRENGTHS

COGNITIVE APPROACH STRENGTHS

2 It can be combined with other approaches

- Useful for learning more about the thought process

- Useful in helping people improve their behavior

- Can easily work together with other approaches to create a therapy that will bring about positive results.

- Helpful to those have phobias, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder.

COGNITIVE APPROACH WEAKNESSES

It dismisses important factors in human behavior.

- All things belongs to cognitive processes.

- It doesn’t take into account factors that may affect behavior

Such as: genes, individual experiences, biological structures, and even chemical imbalances.

This can lead to the generalization of human behavior, which doesn’t fit well with many people who think that each individual is different.

What saying are you thinking about?

Cognitive approach in the second language

teaching

TEACHING TECHNIQUES

 Guessing meaning from context

 Using imagery for memorisation

MINDMAP TECHNIQUE: GRAPHIC ORGANISER

 Student transforms target information

by creating meaningful visual, auditory images of the information

 Good questions to start:

• I can picture…

• In my mind I see…

• If this were a movie…

 Tell the story to your partner.

 Discuss “What is a great

present?”

Good questions to start with

• This reminds me of…

• I experienced this once when…

• I can relate to this because…

Mnemonics /nɪˈmɒnɪk/

• A technique such as a word, sentence, poem, etc that helps you to remember something

• Student transforms target information by relating a cue word, phrase, or sentence

to the target information

"Practice in discovering for oneself teaches one to acquire information in a way that makes that information more readily viable

in problem solving”

(Bruner)

What learning approach does this philosophy represent?

Experiential learning 21st century learning Discovery learning

DISCOVERY LEARNING

 A form of active learning that starts by posing questions, problems or scenario, and focuses on “learning by doing”

 The work of learning theorists and psychologists Jean Piaget, Jerome Bruner and Seymour Papert

 Models: guided discovery, problem-based learning, simulation-based learning, project-based learning, incidental learning

Creative assignment requirements

Task 1: Every week, make a conversation with a foreigner, then write a diary about that encounter.

Task 2: Make videos of a group

discussion, story, play about a certain

Hands-on learning (bàn tay nặn bột)

What Vietnamese model of learning is

referred to?

VNEN: Viet Nam Escuela Nueva

PROS AND CONS

- Tell your classmates what you learn from our presentation

- Introduce one interesting teaching activity you like to your classmates