B Kiến thức: Mệnh đề chỉ nguyên nhân Giải thích: due to + V-ing/ noun phrase: bởi vì be blamed for: bị đổ lỗi cho be responsible for: chịu trách nhiệm về result in v: dẫn đến kết quả Gi
Trang 1BÀI TẬP TÌM CÂU ĐỒNG NGHĨA VỚI CÂU ĐÃ CHO (PHẦN 1)
MỨC ĐỘ: THÔNG HIỂU MÔN: TIẾNG ANH LUYỆN THI THPT QG
Mục tiêu:
- Dịch được câu và hiểu được những câu đề bài tương đối dài và đòi hỏi kiến thức từ vựng
- Nhận diện được kiến thức cần áp dụng, loại được đáp án sai và nhanh chóng chọn được câu trả lời chính xác
- Củng cố những kiến thức ngữ pháp hay gặp ở dạng bài này: Câu tường thuật, Câu điều kiện, Các loại mệnh đề, Câu so sánh,
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in
meaning to each of the following questions.
Question 1: People think that traffic congestion in the downtown area is due to the increasing number of
private cars
A Traffic congestion in the downtown area is blamed for the increasing number of private cars.
B The increasing number of private cars is thought to be responsible for traffic congestion in the
downtown
area
C The increasing number of private cars is attributed to traffic congestion in the downtown area.
D Traffic congestion in the downtown area is thought to result in the increasing number of private
cars
Question 2: I would willingly have lent you the money myself if only I’d known you needed it.
A I would lend you the money willingly if I were convinced that you really required it.
B As I realized just how necessary the loan was to you, I naturally lent you what you needed.
C Had I realized that you were in need of such a loan, I would gladly have lent it to you myself.
D I was under no obligation to offer you a loan, but nevertheless did so gladly.
Question 3: The scene is set in Normandy, but most of the characters in this novel are Londoners.
A In the novel, the action moves backwards and forwards between Normandy and London.
B The story is about Normandy, but the leading characters are all Londoners.
C The main characters in the novel are Londoners on a sightseeing holiday in Normandy.
D In this novel, the story takes place in Normandy but the majority of the characters are from London
Question 4: We got caught in a traffic jam so we were among the last to arrive.
A Most people got there before us as we were held up by the traffic.
B The late arrivers all put the blame on the heavy traffic.
C The traffic was so heavy that nearly everyone arrived late.
D There was such a congestion on the roads that I thought we never would get there.
Question 5: Only with careful environmental planning can we protect the world in which we live.
A Careful environmental planning protects the world we live in.
B Planning the environment carefully, we can protect the world in which we live.
C Protecting the world we live in, we plan the environment carefully.
Trang 2D We can protect the world we live in only with careful environmental planning.
Question 6: It was not until after I got home that I realized I had not set the burglar alarm in the office.
A On the way home, I suddenly realized that I had forgotten to turn on the burglar alarm in the
office
B Fortunately, I realized that I hadn't set the burglar alarm just before I left for home; otherwise, I
would have had to travel all the way back to the office
C I didn’t turn the burglar alarm on before I left the office, but I only became aware of this after
I'd arrived home
D I wish I had realized before I arrived home that I hadn't turned on the burglar alarm in the office, then it would have been easier to go and set it
Question 7: For a cold, doctors often recommend that you rest and drink lots of fluids.
A Doctors would rather give avice about colds than about fluids.
B Rest and liquids are frequently advised for treatment of colds.
C The doctors recommend that you have cold soft drinks.
D You were told to come in out of the cold and rest.
Question 8: My cousin shows a desire to put aside the status of the school child.
A The status of the school child makes my cousin happy.
B My cousin doesn’t want to be a school child any more.
C My cousin is determined to put up with the other school children.
D My cousin decides to play down the status of the school child.
Question 9: If it hadn't been for my father's encouragement, I would never have become a chef.
A If my father hadn't been courageous, I wouldn't have become a chef.
B It was my father who encouraged me to become a chef.
C If my father had encouraged me, I would never have become a chef.
D My father didn't encourage me to become a chef.
Question 10: It was your assistance that enabled us to get achievement.
A Without your assistance, we could get achievement
B Your assistance discouraged us from get achievement.
C But for your assistance, we could not have got achievement.
D If you assisted us, we could not get achievement.
Question 11: Migrating birds return every year to their place of birth to lay their eggs.
A Every year, to lay their eggs, migrating birds return to their place of birth.
B Every year, migrating birds return to their place of birth while laying their eggs.
C Every year, on returning to their place of birth, migrating birds lay their eggs.
D Every year, on the journey back to their place of birth, migrating birds lay eggs.
Question 12: “Could you read this essay and give me your opinion on it?”
A He asked his classmate whether she could read his essay and gave him her opinion on it.
B He made a request to his classmate that she read his essay and give him her opinion on it.
C He asked his classmate to read the essay and give him opinion on it.
D He invited his classmate to read his essay and give her opinion on it.
Question 13: My sister worries so much about fitness that she wastes a lot of time and money.
A My sister wastes a lot of time and money though she worries so much about fitness.
Trang 3B Worrying too much about fitness, my sister wastes a lot of time and money.
C My sister worries about fitness so that she wastes a lot of time and money.
D Fitness worried, my sister wasted a lot of time and money.
Question 14: “ Why don’t you get your hair cut, Gavin?” said Adam.
A Adam advised Gavin to cut his hair
B Gavin was suggested to have a hair cut
C It was suggested that Adam get Gavin’s haircut
D Adam suggested that Gavin should have his hair cut
Question 15: It is difficult to start looking for a job at my age.
A It is difficult for me to get employed at my age.
B I’m young, so it is difficult to start looking for a job.
C Getting employed at such ages is also difficult.
D I don’t think I can start looking for a job now.
Question 16: The accident happened as a result of the driver’s not paying attention to the road.
A If the driver would have paid attention to the road, the accident hadn’t happened.
B Had the driver been paid attention to the road, the accident wouldn’t have happened.
C If the driver had been paying attention to the road, the accident wouldn’t have happened.
D Had the accident not happened, the driver would not have had to pay attention to the road Question 17: "Why don't you take extra classes in English if you want to become a tourist guide?" said
my friend
A My friend advised me to take extra classes in English only if I wanted to become a tourist guide
B My friend suggested I take extra classes in English if I wanted to become a tourist guide.
C In my friend's opinion, I will never become a tourist guide if I don't take extra classes in English
D In my friend's opinion, taking extra classes in English is necessary if I wanted to become a tourist guide
Question 18: Many countries share the view that drastic measures must be taken to stop the pollution of
the seas
A The pollution of the seas can only be prevented provided that many countries follow the same
policy
B By putting into practice a series of precaution it is generally believed that the pollution of the
seas will be prevented
C The sea will, it seems, continue to be polluted unless this agreement is accepted by a majority
Trang 4B The more Keanu Reeves became famous, the more difficult for him it was to avoid newspaper
C She always takes her daughter to activities which are supervised by grown-ups.
D As long as she herself is present at the activity, she permits her daughter to join in.
Question 21: People believed that Jane retired because of her poor health.
A Jane is believed to have retired because of her poor health.
B Jane was believed to have retired because of her poor health.
C It is believed that Jane retired because of her poor health.
D Jane retired because of her poor health was believed.
Question 22: Impressed as we were by the new cinema, we found it rather expensive.
A We were not impressed by the new cinema at all because it looked rather expensive.
B We weren’t as much impressed by the new cinema’s look as its cost.
C The new cinema was more expensive than we expected.
D We were very impressed by the new cinema, but found it rather expensive.
Question 23: She said she would go to the police unless she was given her money back.
A She went to the police because she hadn't got her money back.
B She wasn’t given her money back because she had gone to the police.
C She was given her money back and then went to the police.
D She hasn't yet got her money back or gone to the police.
Question 24: Ha Long Bay, the global heritage recognized twice by the UNESCO, remains one of the
country’s top attractions
A Ha Long Bay was recognized twice by the UNESCO, and as a consequence it remains one of
the country’s top attractions
B Ha Long Bay, the global heritage which was recognized twice by the UNESCO, that remains
one of the country’s top attractions
C Ha Long Bay, is the global heritage and was recognized twice by the UNESCO, remains one of
the country’s top attractions
D It is Ha Long Bay, the global heritage recognized twice by the UNESCO, that remains one of
the country’s top attractions
Question 25: Had the advertisement for our product been better, more people would have bought it.
A Not many people bought our product because it was so bad.
B Our product was of better quality so that more people would buy it.
Trang 5C Fewer people bought our product due to its bad quality.
D Since the advertisement for our product was so bad, fewer people bought it.
Question 26: “How beautiful you are today!” he said.
A He complimented her on being beautiful today.
B He said to me that she was beautiful that day.
C He complimented her on being beautiful that day.
D He complemented her on being beautiful that day.
Question 27: The sooner we solve this problem, the better it will be for all concerned.
A If all concerned are better, we can solve this problem soon.
B If we could solve this problem soon, it would be better for all concerned.
C If we can solve this problem soon, it will be better for all concerned.
D It would be better for all concerned if we can solve this problem soon.
Question 28: “Please send me to a warm climate” Tom said.
A Tom pleaded with the boss to send him to a warm climate.
B Tom begged the boss send him to a warm climate.
C Tom would rather went to a warm climate.
D Tom asked his boss to go to a warm climate.
Question 29: He expected us to offer him the job.
A We were expected to be offered him a job B He expected to be offered the job.
C He is expected that we should offer him the job D He was offered the job without expectation
Question 30: When the unemployment rale is high, the crime rate is usually also high.
A The unemployment rate is as high as the crime rate.
B The high rate of unemployment depends on the high rate of crime.
C The higher the unemployment rate is, the higher the crime rate is.
D The unemployment rate and crime rate are both higher.
Question 31: You will get a rise in salary after six months.
A Your salary will be risen after you work six months.
B After six months your salary will be raised.
C You'll get your salary after six months' work.
D After six month your salary will be raised.
Question 32: People say that at least ten applicants have been selected for the job interview.
A It is said that well over ten people are interested in having an interview for the job.
B It is said that no fewer than ten people are going to be interviewed for the job.
C People say that fewer than ten job interviews have been held so far.
D I have heard that only ten people have been chosen to have the job interviewed.
Question 33: Eating with chopsticks feels strange to Jonathan.
A Eating with chopsticks isn’t what Jonathan used to.
B Jonathan is not used to eating with chopsticks.
C Not feeling strange, Jonathan tries eating with chopsticks.
D Jonathan didn’t use to eat with chopsticks.
Question 34: “Why don’t you have your room repainted?” said Robert to Lan.
Trang 6A Robert suggested having Lam’s room repainted.
B Robert asked Lam why you didn’t have your room repainted.
C Robert wanted to know why Lam doesn’t have his room repainted.
D Robert suggested that Lam should have his room repainted.
Question 35: People rumour that the leader has been suffering from a rare disease.
A A rare disease is rumoured to be causing suffering to the leader.
B It was rumoured that the leader has been suffering from a rare disease.
C The leader is rumoured to have been suffering from a rare disease.
D The leader has been rumoured to suffer from a rare disease.
Question 36: Those who are riding a motorbike are not allowed to take off their helmet.
A People must never take their helmet off while they are riding a motorbike.
B Those who are wearing a helmet are not allowed to ride a motorbike.
C It is the helmet that one needn't wear when he is riding a motorbike
D You should not wear a helmet when you are riding a motorbike.
Question 37: Harry does not eat like a horse anymore.
A Harry used to eat like a horse B Harry used to eat a horse.
C Harry does not like a horse D Harry has never eaten too much.
Question 38: This company's new products have tripled its profits in only one year.
A The company has greatly increased the number of new products.
B The company has increased its profits 100 percent
C The company’s profits are three times higher this year than last year.
D The company has had an unprofitable year.
Question 39: Viet Nam carried out an intensive training program for its athletes, but the results were not
as high as expected
A There is no expectation for Vietnamese athletes to win due to lack of training.
B Whereas Vietnamese athletes were intensively trained, their performance was below expectation
C Vietnamese athletes were intensively trained carefully, and they won all the matches.
D It might not be possible for Vietnamese athletes to get good results because their training was
Question 41: People believe that he and a friend discovered traces of treasure in the hole.
A It is believed that he and a friend had discovered traces of treasure in the hole.
Trang 7B Traces of treasure are believed to have been discovered in the hole by him and a friend.
C Traces of treasure were believed to have been discovered in the hole by him and a friend.
D It was believed that he and a friend had discovered traces of treasure in the hole.
Question 42: Wouldn’t it better to let them know about the alternations to the plan?
A Why haven’t they have been informed about the new development?
B Shouldn’t they have been consulted before the scheme was changed?
C Don’t they think they should be informed about the changes in the plan?
D We’d better ask them to change the plan, hadn’t we?
Question 43: Don’t take any notice of all his complaints about his health; there’s nothing wrong with him
A You can ignore all his talk of being ill; he’s actually perfectly healthy.
B Try to avoid the subject of his health as I am tired of hearing all about his complaints.
C Don’t listen to him talking about his health; it’s his favorite subject.
D If you let him, he would talk only about his ill- health though actually he is quite healthy.
Question 44: We had planned to walk right round the lake, but the heavy rain made this impossible.
A In spite of the heavy rain we managed to walk half way round the lake as planned.
B The heavy rain nearly prevented us from walking right round the lake.
C We would have walked right round the lake even if it had rained heavily.
D If it hadn’t rained so heavily, we would have walked right round the lake.
Question 45: I find myself at a loss to understand Harold’s behavior.
A I lost contact with Harold, so I couldn’t understand his behavior.
B I have to lose a lot to understand Harold’s behavior.
C I understood Harold’s behavior completely.
D I find Harold's behavior quite incomprehensible.
Question 46: A child is influenced as much by his schooling as by his parents.
A Schooling doesn’t influence a child as much as his parents do.
B A child’s parents have greater influence on him than his schooling.
C A child can influence his parents as much as his schooling.
D A child's schooling influences him as much as his parents do.
Question 47: Jenny is so creative that we all can rely on her original ideas.
A Being creative, we can all rely on Jenny for original ideas.
B So creative is Jenny that we all can rely on her for original ideas.
C Jenny is such creative girl that we all rely on her for original ideas.
D Creative though Jenny is, we can rely on her for original ideas.
Question 48: The older he grew, the more forgetful he became.
A He grew older when he became more forgetful.
B He became more forgetful and older.
C As he grew older, he became more and more forgetful.
D He grew older and more and more forgetful.
Question 49: We couldn’t have managed our business successfully without my father’s money.
A Had it not been for my father’s money, we couldn’t have managed our business successfully.
B We could have managed our business successfully with my father’s money.
Trang 8C If we could manage our business successfully, my father would give us his money.
D If we couldn’t have managed our business successfully, we would have had my father’s money
Question 50: It is an undeniable fact that children watch too much TV.
A It’s undeniable that too many children watch TV.
B It’s undeniable that children don’t watch too many TV programmes.
C It can’t be denied that children watch too many TV programmes.
D It’s obviously true that children spend too much time watching TV.
-^^ TO BE CONTINUED
Trang 9^^ -HƯỚNG DẪN GIẢI CHI TIẾT
Question 1 B Question 11 A Question 21 B Question 31 A Question 41 B
Question 2 C Question 12 A Question 22 D Question 32 B Question 42 C
Question 3 D Question 13 B Question 23 D Question 33 B Question 43 A
Question 4 A Question 14 A Question 24 D Question 34 D Question 44 D
Question 5 B Question 15 A Question 25 D Question 35 C Question 45 D
Question 6 C Question 16 C Question 26 C Question 36 A Question 46 D
Question 7 B Question 17 B Question 27 C Question 37 A Question 47 C
Question 8 B Question 18 D Question 28 A Question 38 C Question 48 C
Question 9 B Question 19 D Question 29 B Question 39 B Question 49 A
Question 10 C Question 20 A Question 30 C Question 40 A Question 50 D
Question 1 B
Kiến thức: Mệnh đề chỉ nguyên nhân
Giải thích:
due to + V-ing/ noun phrase: bởi vì be blamed for: bị đổ lỗi cho
be responsible for: chịu trách nhiệm về result in (v): dẫn đến (kết quả)
Giải thích: Mọi người nghĩ rằng tắc nghẽn giao thông trong khu vực trung tâm thành phố là do sự gia
tăng số lượng xe hơi tư nhân
A Tắc nghẽn giao thông ở khu vực trung tâm thành phố phải chịu trách nhiệm cho sự gia tăng số lượng
xe hơi tư nhân => sai nghĩa
B Số lượng ngày càng tăng của xe ô tô tư nhân được cho là do sự tắc nghẽn giao thông trong khu vực trung tâm thành phố => đúng
C Sự gia tăng số lượng xe hơi tư nhân là do tắc nghẽn giao thông trong khu vực trung tâm thành phố
D Tắc nghẽn giao thông trong khu vực trung tâm thành phố được cho là làm tăng số lượng xe hơi tư nhân
Chọn B
Question 2 C
Kiến thức: Câu điều kiện loại 3
Giải thích:
Câu điều kiện loại 3 diễn tả điều giả định ngược lại với quá khứ
Cấu trúc: If + S + had + Ved/ V3, S + would have + Ved/ V3
Tạm dịch: Tôi sẽ đã sẵn lòng cho bạn mượn tiền nếu tôi biết bạn cần nó.
A Tôi sẽ sẵn sàng cho bạn mượn tiền nếu tôi bị thuyết phục rằng bạn thực sự cần nó => sai nghĩa
B Khi tôi nhận ra sự cần thiết của khoản vay đối với bạn, tôi tự nhiên sẽ cho bạn mượn những gì bạn cần
=> sai nghĩa
C Nếu tôi nhận ra rằng bạn đang cần khoản vay như vậy, tôi hẳn đã sẵn sàng cho bạn mượn nó => đúng
D Tôi không có nghĩa vụ cho bạn một khoản vay, nhưng tôi vẫn làm điều đó rất vui vẻ => sai nghĩa
Trang 10Đáp án: C
Question 3 D
Kiến thức: Mệnh đề chỉ sự nhượng bộ / tương phản
Tạm dịch: Khung cảnh được đặt ở Normandy, nhưng hầu hết các nhân vật trong tiểu thuyết này là người
London
A Trong tiểu thuyết, hành động di chuyển lùi và tiến giữa Normandy và London => sai nghĩa
B Câu chuyện về Normandy, nhưng nhân vật chính tất cả đều là người London => sai nghĩa
C Nhân vật chính trong tiểu thuyết là người London trong một kỳ nghỉ tham quan ở Normandy => sainghĩa
D Trong tiểu thuyết này, câu chuyện diễn ra ở Normandy nhưng phần lớn các nhân vật đều đến từ London => đúng
Chọn D
Question 4 A
Kiến thức: Mệnh đề chỉ kết quả
Tạm dịch: Chúng tôi đã bị tắc đường vì vậy chúng tôi là một trong những người cuối cùng đến.
A Hầu hết mọi người đến đó trước chúng tôi vì chúng tôi bị tắc đường => đúng
B Những người đến trễ đều đổ lỗi cho giao thông => sai nghĩa
C Giao thông quá đông đến mức gần như mọi người đều đến trễ => sai nghĩa
D Có một sự tắc nghẽn trên đường đến mức tôi nghĩ chúng tôi sẽ không bao giờ đến được đó => sai nghĩa
Chọn A
Question 5 B
Kiến thức: Đảo ngữ với “ Only”
Giải thích: Cấu trúc đảo ngữ với “only”: Only with + noun phrase + trợ động từ + S + động từ chính Tạm dịch: Chỉ với việc hoạch định môi trường cẩn thận chúng ta mới có thể bảo vệ được thế giới mà
chúng ta đang sống
A Hoạch định môi trường cẩn thận bảo vệ thế giới chúng ta đang sống => sai nghĩa
B Hoạch định môi trường một cách cẩn thận, chúng ta có thể bảo vệ thế giới mà chúng ta đang sống => sai nghĩa
C Bảo vệ thế giới chúng ta đang sống, chúng ta hoạch định môi trường một cách cẩn thận => sai nghĩa
D Chúng ta chỉ có thể bảo vệ thế giới chúng ta đang sống duy nhất bằng việc hoạch định môi trường cẩn thận => đúng
Chọn D
Giải thích: It was not until S + Ved/ V2 + that + S + Ved/ V2 : Mãi cho đến khi thì
Tạm dịch: Mãi đến sau khi tôi về đến nhà tôi mới nhận ra rằng tôi đã không đặt báo động chống trộm trong văn phòng
A Trên đường về nhà, tôi đột nhiên nhận ra rằng tôi đã quên bật báo động chống trộm trong văn phòng
=> sai nghĩa
B May mắn thay, tôi nhận ra rằng tôi chưa đặt báo động chống trộm trước khi tôi về nhà; nếu không, tôi
đã phải quay trở lại văn phòng => sai nghĩa
C Tôi đã không bật báo động chống trộm trước khi rời văn phòng, nhưng tôi chỉ nhận ra điều này sau khi tôi về đến nhà => đúng
Trang 11D Tôi ước gì tôi đã nhận ra trước khi tôi về đến nhà rằng tôi đã không bật báo động chống trộm trong văn phòng, sau đó nó sẽ dễ dàng hơn để thiết lập nó => sai nghĩa
Chọn C
Question 7 B
Question 6 C
Kiến thức: Cấu trúc “ It was not until that ”
Kiến thức: Cấu trúc câu đề nghị
Giải thích: S1 + recommend + (that) + S2 + (should) + V = advise: đề nghị/ khuyên bảo
Tạm dịch:Với bệnh cảm cúm, bác sĩ thường gợi ý bạn nên nghỉ ngơi và uống nhiều nước.
A Bác sĩ muốn đưa ra lời khuyên về bệnh cảm hơn là đồ uống => sai nghĩa
B Nghỉ ngơi và uống nước thì thường được khuyên để điều trị cảm cúm => đúng
C Bác sĩ gợi ý nên uống đồ lạnh => sai nghĩa
D Bạn được yêu cầu nên đi vào để khỏi lạnh và nghỉ ngơi => sai nghĩa
Chọn B
Question 8 B
Kiến thức: Cụm động từ
Giải thích:
put aside = to ignore or forget something, usually a feeling or difference of opinion: quên đi
put up with: chịu đựng
play down = to try to make something seem less important than it is: làm giảm đi
Tạm dịch: Anh họ tôi mong muốn quên đi thân phận là 1 học sinh.
A Thân phận học sinh làm anh họ tôi thấy vui => sai nghĩa
B Anh họ tôi không muốn là 1 học sinh nữa => đúng
C Anh họ tôi quyết tâm chịu đựng các em học sinh => sai nghĩa
D Anh họ tôi quyết định giảm thân phận học sinh => sai nghĩa
Tạm dịch: Nếu không có lời khích lệ của cha tôi, tôi sẽ không bao giờ trở thành đầu bếp.
A Nếu cha tôi không can đảm, tôi sẽ không trở thành đầu bếp => sai nghĩa
B Cha tôi đã khuyến khích tôi trở thành một đầu bếp => đúng
C Nếu cha tôi đã khuyến khích tôi, tôi sẽ không bao giờ trở thành đầu bếp => sai nghĩa
D Cha tôi đã không khuyến khích tôi trở thành đầu bếp => sai nghĩa
Chọn B
Question 10 C
Kiến thức: Câu điều kiện loại 3
Giải thích:
Câu điều kiện loại 3 diễn tả điều giả định ngược lại với quá khứ
Cấu trúc: Without/ But for + cụm danh từ, S + would/ could have Ved/ V3