International maritime conventions (volume 2) navigation, securities, limitation of liability and jurisdiction informa law from routledge

navigation, securities, limitation of liability and jurisdiction informa law from routledge navigation, securities, limitation of liability and jurisdiction informa law from routledge navigation, securities, limitation of liability and jurisdiction informa law from routledge navigation, securities, limitation of liability and jurisdiction informa law from routledge navigation, securities, limitation of liability and jurisdiction informa law from routledge

I N T E R N A T I O N A L M A R I T I M E C O N V E N T I O N S

V O L U M E I I : Navigation, Securities, Limitation of Liability and Jurisdiction

MARITIME AND TRANSPORT LAW LIBRARY

MARITIME AND TRANSPORT LAW LIBRARY

International Maritime Conventions

Offshore Contracts and Liabilities

by Bari s¸ Soyer and Andrew Tettenborn

The Maritime Labour Convention: International

Labour Law Redefi ned

edited by Jennifer Lavelle

(2013)

Modern Maritime Law, Volume 1:

Jurisdiction and Risks

3rd edition

by Aleka Mandaraka-Sheppard (2010)

(2013)

Modern Maritime Law, Volume 2:

Managing Risks and Liabilities

3rd edition

by Aleka Mandaraka-Sheppard

(2013)

Carriage of Goods by Sea Land and Air:

Uni-Modal and Multi-Modal Transport in the

21st Century

edited by Bari s¸ Soyer and Andrew Tettenborn

(2013)

The Law of Yachts and Yachting

by Filippo Lorenzon and Richard Coles

Marine Insurance Clauses

5th edition

by N Geoffrey Hudson, Tim Madge and Keith Sturges (2012)

Pollution at Sea: Law and Liability

edited by Bari s¸ Soyer and Andrew Tettenborn

(2012)

Contracts of Carriage by Air

2nd edition

by Malcolm A Clarke (2012)

Place of Refuge: International Law and the CMI Draft Convention

by Eric Van Hooydonk (2010)

Maritime Fraud and Piracy

by Paul Todd (2010)

The Carriage of Goods by Sea under the Rotterdam

Rules

edited by D Rhidian Thomas

(2010)

The International Law of the Shipmaster

by John A C Cartner, Richard P Fisk and

Tara L Leiter (2009)

The Modern Law of Marine Insurance

edited by D Rhidian Thomas

(2009)

The Rotterdam Rules: A Practical Annotation

by Yvonne Baatz, Charles Debattista, Filippo Lorenzon, Andrew Serdy, Hilton Staniland

and Michael Tsimplis (2009)

The Evolving Law and Practice of Voyage Charters

edited by D Rhidian Thomas

(2009)

International Carriage of Goods by Road: CMR

5th edition

by Malcolm A Clarke (2009)

Risk and Liability in Air Law

by George Leloudas

(2009)

Legal Issues Relating to Time Charterparties

edited by D Rhidian Thomas

Liability Regimes in Contemporary Maritime Law

edited by D Rhidian Thomas

(2007)

Marine Insurance: The Law in Transition

edited by D Rhidian Thomas

Port State Control

2nd Edition

by Oya Ozcayir (2004)

Modern Law of Marine Insurance:

Volume Two

edited by Francis Rose (2002)

Commercial and Maritime Statutes

edited by Peter Macdonald Eggers and

Simon Picken (2002)

Bills of Lading: Law and Contracts

by Nicholas Gaskell, Regina Asariotis and

Yvonne Baatz (2000)

Shipbrokers and the Law

by Andrew Jamieson (1997)

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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Berlingieri, Francesco, author.

International maritime conventions / by Francesco Berlingieri.

—(Maritime and transport law library)

ISBN 978-0-415-71984-1 (hardback) — ISBN 978-1-315-79645-1 (ebook)

1 Maritime law I Title.

K1150.B47 2013

341.4̖5—dc23

2013038767 ISBN: 978-0-415-71985-8

eISBN 978-1-315-79496-9

Typeset in Plantin

By Refi neCatch Limited, Bungay, Suffolk

CONTENTS

Glossary xix Introduction xxi Table of conventions xxiii

Table of decisions, directives, regulations, treaties and conversions xxxiii

Table of UK legislation and international legislation xxxiv

Table of cases xxxvii

Volume II Part I Collision Chapter 1 International Convention for the Unifi cation of Certain Rules

of Law Relating to Collision between Vessels, 1910 3

2.1 The type of accidents to which the Convention applies 7

2.4 The waters in which the collision has taken place 11

3.1 The various regimes in force prior to the Convention 12

3.3.1 The situations in which no liability is conceivable 14

3.4 The apportionment of damages to ships, their cargoes and

3.5 Joint liability in respect of damages caused by death or

3.7 Apportionment of the loss in case of limitation of liability 23

6.1 The general rule 25

Chapter 2 International Convention on Certain Rules Concerning Civil

4.1 Basis of jurisdiction according to the Convention 33

Chapter 3 International Convention for the Unifi cation of Certain Rules

Relating to Penal Jurisdiction in Matters of Collision or Other

3 Circumstances in which the fl ag of the ship is relevant 41

Part II Salvage Chapter 4 International Convention for the Unifi cation of Certain Rules

of Law Relating to Assistance and Salvage at Sea, 1910 47

2.4.1 The nationality of the vessels rendering and receiving

2.4.3 Ships of war and government vessels 53

2.4.5 Services rendered by the crew of the vessel in danger

3.2 The conditions for the entitlement to a remuneration 59

3.5.1 Prohibition by the vessel to whom assistance is

rendered 63 3.6 When the terms of the salvage agreement may be challenged 64

3.6.1 Agreement made under the infl uence of danger 64

3.6.2 Agreement vitiated or remuneration too large or too

small 65

3.7.1 The distribution of the remuneration amongst the

3.7.2 The apportionment of the remuneration amongst

the owner and the persons in the service of the

3.7.3 The apportionment of the salvage remuneration

amongst the salvors of a ship in danger and the salvors

2.1 The geographical scope of application of the Convention 71

2.2 The nature of the operations to which the Convention applies 72

2.2.1 The defi nition of salvage operation and the exclusion

2.3 The vessels or other property excluded from the scope of the

Convention 76

3 Salvage operations controlled by public authorities 80

3.1 Possible confl ict between the Salvage Convention and other

4.1.3 Duties to prevent or minimise damage to the

environment 88

4.3 Provisions that do not concern the relationship between

5.1.2 Duties of the owner and master of the vessel in

danger and of the owner of other property in danger 92

6.7 The apportionment between the owner, the master and

7.2 Matters arising after the completion of salvage operations 120

Part III Maritime Liens and Mortgages Chapter 6 International Convention for the Unifi cation of Certain Rules

2.1 The exclusion of warships and government vessels 135

2.2 The type of vessels to which the Convention applies 135

2.4 The connection between the person against whom the claim

has arisen and the vessel on which the maritime lien may be

enforced 136 2.5 The variation by national law of the scope of application 138

3 The provisions on hypothèques 138

6 The properties on which the maritime liens can be enforced 147

7 The ranking of claims secured by maritime liens inter se and in respect

of hypothèques 152

7.1.2 The ranking of maritime liens arising in the same voyage 154

8.1.1 The period for which the liens remain in force 155

8.1.2 The date on which the extinction period commences 156

8.1.3 The rules applicable in respect of the running of the

period 157

9.2 The voluntary sale 159

9.2.2 When the droit de suite ceases to apply 160

Chapter 7 International Convention on Maritime Liens and

4 The provisions on mortgages, hypothèques and charges 166

4.3 The requirements for the recognition and enforcement of

4.5 Protection of mortgagees and of holders of hypothèques or charges

5.2 Claims set out in art 4(1) not secured by maritime liens 174

5.3 Priority of the Convention maritime liens and of registered

securities 175

5.5 The extent to which limitation proceedings may affect priorities 177

5.8.1 The length of the period and the action required in

5.9 The rule pursuant to which maritime liens travel with the

claims 182

6.1.1 The persons to whom the notice must be given 184

6.1.3 The contents of the notice and how much time in

6.2 The position of the claimant who has a right of retention 186

6.3 The effect of the forced sale on registered securities, maritime

6.5 Freedom of States Parties to grant other priorities 189

6.6 The change in the registration of the vessel consequential to

Part IV Arrest of ships Chapter 8 International Convention Relating to the Arrest of Sea-Going

2.3 The ships to the arrest of which the Convention does not

apply 200 2.4 The situations in which a State may limit or exclude the

3 The measures excluded from the scope of application of the

4.1 The burden of proof in respect of the claim for which the

5.1 Arrest of the ship in respect of which the claim has arisen or

5.2 When the arrest of a ship not owned by the person liable is

permissible 226

5.3 Arrest of a ship owned by the charterer in respect of claims of

5.3.2 Discussion of the problem from the perspective of the

5.4.1 The prohibition of re- arrest 239

5.4.2 The remedy in case of breach of the prohibition 241

5.4.3 The situations in which re- arrest is permitted 241

5.4.3.1 Release of the bail or other security 241 5.4.3.2 Existence of other good cause for maintaining

6.1 The requirement that the arrest be authorised by a judicial

authority 246 6.2 The requirement that such judicial authority be that of the

6.3 Issues worthy of consideration in respect of art 4 250

6.3.1 Jurisdiction before the arrival of the ship 250

6.3.3 Arrest pursuant to an order of a foreign court 251

6.3.4 Choice of the judicial authority of the State in the

6.3.5 Jurisdiction for arrest when the court has no

6.3.6 Jurisdiction for arrest when the court has jurisdiction

on the merits but the ship is not within its jurisdiction 254 6.3.7 Jurisdiction for arrest when a decision on the merits

6.3.8 Exclusive jurisdiction pursuant to the 1952 Convention

7.2 The linkage between proceedings for arrest and proceedings

7.3 Failure to timely bring proceedings on the merits 262

7.3.2 Agreement on the jurisdiction of a particular court or

Chapter 9 International Convention on Arrest of Ships, 1999 274

2 The layout and structure of the Convention 280

6 Ships excluded from the scope of application of the Convention 283

6.1 Ships within the jurisdiction of the fl ag State arrested by a

person having his habitual residence or principal place of

6.3 Ships detained or prevented from sailing by governments or

7 The claims in respect of which a ship may be arrested 287

8.1 Arrest of the ship in respect of which the claim is asserted 299

8.1.3 Claim based upon a mortgage, hypothèque or charge 302

8.1.4 Claim relating to the ownership or possession of the

ship 304

8.2 Arrest of other ships owned by the person liable 306

8.3 When the arrest of a ship not owned by the person liable is

permissible 307

9.2 The burden of proof in respect of the claim for which the arrest

9.4.3 Failure to bring proceedings on the merits within the

9.5.2 Provision of security in a non- party State and in a

9.5.3 Failure to bring proceedings on the merits within the

9.7.3 The time by which proceedings on the merits must be

brought 325

Part V Limitation of liability Chapter 10 International Convention Relating to the Limitation of Liability

5 Claims in respect of which the benefi t of limitation is applicable 337

5.2 Events in respect of which the liability may be limited to the

7.2 The rule applicable in respect of master and crew 345

10.3 The temporary distribution of only a part of the fund 349

11 The reservations allowed by the Protocol of Signature 352

Chapter 11 International Convention on Limitation of Liability for

3.2 Permissions to State Parties to regulate otherwise the system

3.2.1 System of limitation in respect of passenger claims for

3.2.2 System of limitation applicable to certain ships 357 3.2.3 System of limitation applicable to claims in cases where

3.3 Prohibition on courts applying the Convention to certain ships 359

5 Claims in respect of which the benefi t of limitation is applicable 362

5.2 Events in respect of which the liability may be limited to the

8.1.1 The adoption of two separate funds, one for personal

9 Aggregation of claims against the persons who benefi t from the limit 380

10.1 Limitation invoked with constitution of a limitation fund 381

10.1.3 For what sum the fund may be constituted 381

10.2.3 The protection of the person that may be compelled to

effect payment of a claim subject to limitation 385

10.3.1 Bar to other actions after the constitution of the fund 385

10.3.3 An overview of the effect of the constitution of a

Appendix 1: Convention Internationale pour l’Unifi cation de Certaines Règles

en Matière d’Abordage et Protocole de Signature, 23 Septembre 1910 391

English unoffi cial translation of the Convention 395

Appendix 2: Convention Internationale pour l’unifi cation de certaines règles en

matière d’assistance et de sauvetage maritimes 399

English unoffi cial translation of the Convention 403

Appendix 3: International Convention for the Unifi cation of Certain Rules

Relating to Maritime Liens and Mortgages, 1926 407

Appendix 4: International Convention on Maritime Liens and Mortgages, 1993 412

Appendix 5: International Convention Relating to the Arrest of Sea-Going

Ships, 1952 419

Appendix 6: International Convention on Arrest of Ships, 1999 425

Appendix 7: International Convention Relating to the Limitation of Liability of

Owners of Sea-Going Ships, 1957 432

Appendix 8: International Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime

Claims, 1976 and Protocol of 1996 to amend the Convention on

Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims, 1976 438

Appendix 9: Resolution LEG.5(99) adopted by the Legal Committee on

19 April 2012 and notice on Amendments 452

Index 459

GLOSSARY

Arrest Convention 1952: International Convention Relating to the Arrest of Sea-Going Ships, Brussels, 10 May 1952

Arrest Convention 1999: International Convention on Arrest of Ships, 1999

Athens Convention 1974: Athens Convention Relating to the Carriage of Passengers and their Luggage by Sea 1974, Athens, 13 December 1974

Civil Jurisdiction Convention 1952: International Convention on Certain Rules Concerning Civil Jurisdiction in Matters of Collision, Brussels, 10 May 1952

CLC (Civil Liability Convention) 1992: International Convention on Civil Liability for Pollution Damage, London, 27 November 1992, as amended on 18 October 2000 Collision Convention: Convention internationale pour l’unifi cation de certaines règles en matière d’abordage, Brussels, 23 September 1910

Convention on Conditions for Registration of Ships 1986: United Nations Convention on Conditions for Registration of Ships, Geneva, February 1986

HSC Code: International Code of Safety for High Speed Craft

ISM Code: International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention, adopted by IMO Resolution A.741(18)

ISPS Code: International Ship & Port Facility Security Code

LLMC (Limitation) Convention 1976: Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims, 1976/1996, London, 19 November 1976, as amended by the Protocol of

2 May 1996

Lisbon Draft: Draft Revision of the International Convention for the Unifi cation of Certain Rules Relating to the Arrest of Sea-Going Ships, done in Brussels, 10 May 1952, approved by the XXXIII International Conference of the Comité Maritime

International, Lisbon 1985 (Lisboa II)

MARPOL: International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973 MLM (Maritime Liens and Mortgages) Convention 1926: Convention Internationale pour l’unifi cation de certaines règles relatives aux privilèges et hypothèques maritimes, Brussels, 10 April 1926

MLM (Maritime Liens and Mortgages) Convention 1967: International Convention for the Unifi cation of Certain Rules Relating to Maritime Liens and Mortgages, done in Brussels, 10 May 1967

MLM (Maritime Liens and Mortgages) Convention 1993: International Convention on Maritime Liens and Mortgages, 1993

Penal Jurisdiction Convention 1952: International Convention for the Unifi cation of Certain Rules Relating to Penal Jurisdiction in Matters of Collision or Other Incidents

of Navigation, Brussels, 10 May 1952

Rhine Convention 1868: Revised Rhine Convention, 17 October 1968

Salvage Convention 1910: Convention Internationale pour l’unifi cation de certaines règles

en matière d’assistance et sauvetage maritimes, Brussels, 23 September 1910

Salvage Convention 1989: International Convention on Salvage, 1989

SOLAS Convention: International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea 1974, London,

1 November 1974

Travaux Préparatoires-Salvage: The Travaux Préparatoires of the Convention on Salvage,

1989, ed F Berlingieri, published by the Comité Maritime International

Travaux Préparatoires-Arrest: The Travaux Préparatoires of the International Convention for the Unifi cation of Certain Rules of Law with Respect to the Collision Between Vessels, 23 September 1910, and of the International Convention for the Unifi cation

of Certain Rules Relating to the Arrest of Sea-Going Ships, 10 May 1052, ed F Berlingieri, published by the Comité Maritime International

Travaux Préparatoires-LLMC: The Travaux Préparatoires of the LLMC Convention, 1976 and of the Protocol of 1996, ed F Berlingieri, published by the Comité Maritime International

UNCLOS: United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 1982

– International Convention on Salvage, 1989

III: Maritime liens and mortgages

– International Convention for the Unifi cation of Certain Rules Relating to Maritime Liens and Mortgages 1926

– International Convention on Maritime Liens and Mortgages, 1993

IV: Arrest of ships

– International Convention Relating to the Arrest of Sea-going Ships, 1952 (Arrest 1952)

– International Convention on Arrest of Ships, 1999

About the Author

Francesco Berlingieri is a renowned Italian lawyer based in Genoa, Italy, ising in maritime law at Studio Legale Berlingieri, the very fi rst law fi rm to specialise

special-in maritime law

Francesco’s family has been involved in drafting maritime law for almost a century In particular, his grandfather was involved in the drafting of the two 1910 Conventions on Collision and Salvage, the two 1924 Conventions on Limitation of Liability and Carriage of Goods, and the 1926 Convention on Maritime Liens and Mortgages His father has been involved in the preparation of the 1952 Arrest Convention and in the 1957 Limitation Convention

Francesco himself has been involved in drafting the 1969 Civil Liability Convention and in the creation of the 1993 Maritime Liens and Mortgages Convention and of the 1999 Arrest Convention Francesco has taught maritime law

at various institutions in Italy and abroad He was President of the Comité Maritime

International (CMI) and presently holds an ad honorem President status In addition,

he is the Editor of the CMI Publications, Editor of Il Diritto Marittimo (a quarterly

maritime law review, published in Genoa, Italy), the correspondent in Italy for

Lloyd’s Maritime and Commercial Law Quarterly, and the author of many books and

articles in Italian, English and French

TABLE OF CONVENTIONS

Arrest Convention, 1952 see International

Convention Relating to the Arrest of

Sea-Going Ships

Arrest Convention, 1999 see International

Convention on Arrest of Ships

Athens Convention Relating to the

Carriage of Passengers and their

Luggage by Sea, 1974 as amended

by its Protocols of 1990 and 2002

Bunker Oil Convention, 2001 see

International Convention on Civil

Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution

Damage

Civil Jurisdiction Convention, 1952 s ee

International Convention on Certain

Rules Concerning Civil Jurisdiction in

Matters of Collision

Collision Convention, 1910 see

International Convention for the

Unifi cation of Certain Rules of

Law Relating to Collision between

Vessels

CLC 1992 (Civil Liability Convention)

see International Convention on Civil

Liability for Pollution Damage, 1969

as amended by its Protocols of 1984

and 1992

Convention for the Unifi cation of Certain Rules Relating to International Carriage by Air, 1929, as amended

by Protocol of 1955 371 Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims, 1976, and Protocol

1996 (LLMC Convention) 23,

238, 284, 285, 338, 341,

347, 348, 349, 355 art 1 357, 358, 360, 362 art 1(1) 360 art 1(2) 357, 360, 367, 373 art 1(3) 357 art 1(4) 373 art 2 389 art 2(1) 364 art 2(1)(a) 290, 364 art 2(1)(b) 364 art 2(1)(c) 365, 378 art 2(1)(d) 293, 365, 366, 386 art 2(1)(e) 357, 365, 366, 386 art 2(1)(f) 366 art 2(2) 366 art 3 368, 391 art 3(a)–(e) 368 art 3(a) 368 art 3(b) 369

art 3 bis 357, 359

art 4 365, 371, 373 art 4(1) 373 art 4(2) 373 art 5 368, 373 art 6 375, 379, 380, 382, 385, 390 art 6(1) 177, 361, 381, 386 art 6(1)(a) 384 art 6(1)(b) 341, 384 art 6(2) 177 art 6(3) 386

art 7 359, 375,

376, 378, 379, 380,

382, 386 art 7(1) 379, 384

Convention on the Contract for the

International Carriage of Goods by

by the Protocol of 1982 and by the Protocol of 2004

art 2(a) 370 art 2(a)(ii), (iii), (iv) 370 art 7(a) 370 Convention Internationale pour

l’Unifi cation de certaines règles concernant la limitation de la responsabilité des propriétaires de navires de mer, adopted on 25 August

1924 22

EC Convention on Jurisdiction and the Enforcement of Judgments in Civil and Commercial Matters, Brussels

1968 255 art 5(7) 272 art 5(7)(b) 272 art 27(3) 259

Fund Convention, 1971 see International

Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage

Hamburg Rules see United Nations

Convention on the Carriage of Goods

by Sea

Immunity Convention, 1926 see

International Convention for the Unifi cation of Certain Rules Concerning the Immunity of State- owned Vessels

HNS Convention see International

Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in Connection with the Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances,

1996 International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 (COLREG 72) 204 International Convention for the Prevention

of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modifi ed by Protocols of 1978 and

1997 (MARPOL 73/78) 204 Annex 13G, reg 13G 208 International Convention for the Safety

of Life at Sea, 1974 (SOLAS 74) 204, 286 reg 1(19) 207

Annex, Chap XI-2 207

International Convention for the Safety

of Life at Sea, 1974 (SOLAS PROT

78) 204

International Convention for the Safety

of Life at Sea, 1974 (SOLAS PROT

88) 204

International Convention for the

Unifi cation of Certain Rules

Concerning the Immunity of

State- owned Vessels 1926 and 1934

Additional Protocol (Immunity

Convention) 147, 165, 338

art 3 222, 285

art 3(1) 285

art 3(3) 126

International Convention for the

Unifi cation of Certain Rules of

Law Relating to Assistance and

Salvage at Sea, 1910 (Salvage

Convention, 1910) xxi, 27, 47,

69, 85, 89, 90, 92, 96, 104, 106,

135, 143, 212, 338, 368 art 1 9, 49, 50, 51, 52, 59, 62, 72

International Convention for the

Unifi cation of Certain Rules of Law

Relating to Bills of Lading, 1924

(Brussels Convention 1924) as

amended by the Visby Protocol of 1968 (The Hague-Visby Rules) and the SDR Protocol of 1979

Brussels Convention, 1924 (Hague Rules) 91, 144, 364 art 3(1)(b) 217 Protocol of signature 354 Hague-Visby Rules 1968 30, 123,

348, 362, 364, 365 art 3(6) 157 art 4(2)(a) 20 art 4(4) 67 art 4(5)(e) 371, 373, 374 art 10 165 International Convention for the

Unifi cation of Certain Rules of Law Relating to Collision between Vessels, 1910 (Collision Convention, 1910) xxi,

3, 32, 34, 41, 135, 338 art 1 8, 40, 41, 211 art 2 13, 14, 15 art 3 13, 16 art 3(1), (2) 20 art 4 13, 17, 211 art 5 21, 22 art 6 13, 24, 66 art 7 13, 25, 68, 156 art 8 10, 13, 25, 26, 27, 29, 30, 41, art 9 29, 88 art 10 13, 30 art 11 9, 14, 135 art 12 9, 11, 32, 71 art 13 40, 157, 271 International Convention for the

Unifi cation of Certain Rules Relating

to the Carriage of Passengers by Sea,

1961, and Protocol art 10 222 International Convention for the

Unifi cation of Certain Rules Relating

to the Limitation of Liability of Owners

of Sea- going Vessels and Protocol of Signature, 1924 (Limitation Convention, 1924) 22, 153,

334, 335, 338 art 1 151, 165 art 1(1)–(5) 334 art 2 334, 347 art 4 149 art 6 385

art 12 71, 137

International Convention for the

Unifi cation of Certain Rules Relating

to Maritime Liens and Mortgages,

1926 (MLM Convention) xxi,

131, 162, 163, 165, 167, 172, 176,

177, 181, 197, 214, 216, 220,

222, 275, 334 art 1 134, 135, 138, 139, 140, 146, 304

art 2 41, 134, 140, 147, 148,

152, 154, 155, 157 art 2 (draft) 133

art 2(1) 141, 142, 149, 157,

171, 173, 188 art 2(1)(a) 141

International Convention for the

Unifi cation of Certain Rules

Relating to Maritime Liens and

Unifi cation of Certain Rules Relating

to Penal Jurisdiction in Matters of Collision or Other Incidents of Navigation, 1952 (Penal Jurisdiction Convention) xxi, 39, 43, 143, 354 art 1 9, 10, 39, 40, 41, 42, 165, 257, 279 art 2 257, 258, 270 art 3 42, 270 art 4 35, 39, 41, 270 International Convention on Arrest

of Ships, 1999 (Arrest Convention, 1999) 71, 218, 233, 260, 275 arts 1–9 281 art 1 281 art 1(1) 279, 289, 295, 299, 325 art 1(1)(a) 290 art 1(1)(b) 290, 294 art 1(1)(c) 173, 290 art 1(1)(d) 291 art 1(1)(e) 293, 294 art 1(1)(f), (g), (h), (i) 294 art 1(1)(j), (k), (l), (m) 295 art 1(1)(n) 295, 296 art 1(1)(o), (p) 296 art 1(1)(q) 297, 298 art 1(1)(r) 297, 298 art 1(1)(s), (t) 298 art 1(1)(u), (v) 299 art 1(2) 281, 305, 313 art 1(4) 303, 315, 316 art 1(5) 314 art 2 282, 314 art 2(1) 282, 313, 314, 315 art 2(2) 288 art 2(3) 313, 314 art 2(4) 316 art 3 316 art 3(1) 280, 300, 301, 303, 307,

308, 316 art 3(1)(a) 301 art 3(1)(b) 229, 302

International Convention on Certain

Rules Concerning Civil Jurisdiction

in Matters of Collision, 1952

(Civil Jurisdiction Convention) xxi,

31, 33, 354 art 1 9, 33, 36

2001 (Bunker Oil Convention) 81,

84, 204 art 1.1 165 art 1.7 111 art 6 369 International Convention on Civil Liability for Pollution Damage, 1969 as amended by its Protocols of 1984 and 1992 (CLC 1992) 81, 85,

174, 204, 286, 291, 328, 363, 369, 384 art I(7) 292 art I(8) 242 art V(4) 385 art V(5) 386 art VI 286, 287 art VII 209, 356 art VII(1) 209 art X(1) 328

1992 Protocol art I(1) 165 art I(6) 111 art I(7) 84, 112 art II(b) 84 art II(1) 292 art III(4) 67, 222 art III(4)(b) 41 art V(4) 385 art VI(1)(a) 222 art VII(8) 222 art 15 380 art 15(2), (7), (8) 381 International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage

in Connection with the Carriage

of Hazardous and Noxious Substances,

1996 (HNS Convention) 209,

355, 391 art 1.1 165 art 12 356 art 12.11 209 International Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims, 1976, as

amended by the Protocol of 1996

(LLMC Convention, 1976) xxi,

178, 222, 275, 286, 288 art 2(1) 211

International Convention on Maritime

Liens and Mortgages, 1993

(MLM Convention)) xxi,

139, 157, 202, 222, 276, 279,

285, 288, 290, 295, 296,

299, 305, 307 arts 1–7 175

art 1 166, 167, 175, 178,

188, 193, 220, 304 art 1(a) 167

187, 193 art 11(1) 184 art 11(1)(a), (b), (c), (d) 184 art 11(2), (3) 185 art 12 169, 170, 179, 181, 184,

187, 193 art 12(1) 181, 186 art 12(1)(a), (b) 187 art 12(2) 171, 175, 187 art 12(3) 175, 176, 188 art 12(4) 176, 180, 186, 188, 293 art 12(5) 171, 190 art 12(6) 188 art 13 165 art 13(1) 165 art 15 177 art 16 191, 193 art 16(a) 191 art 16(b), (c), (d), (e) 192 art 16(f) 192, 193 art 16(g) 193 International Convention on Salvage,

1989 (Salvage Convention, 1989) xxi, 47, 54,

66, 69, 143, 290, 363, 365, 368 chapter IV 120 art 1 75 art 1(a) 73, 115 art 1(b) 73 art 1(c) 75 art 1(d) 85, 105, 110 art 1.3 (draft) 81 art 2 71, 75 art 2(2)(e) (draft) 77 art 3 76 art 4 89, 125, 126 art 5 80, 89 art 6(1) 86 art 6(1)(c) (draft) 95 art 6(3) 87 art 7 86, 87, 88 art 7(a), (b) 87 art 8 88, 89, 114 art 8(1) 88, 89, 91, 106, 115, 118 art 8(1)(a) 92

Watchkeeping for Seafarers,

1978 (STCW 78) 204 International Convention on the Control

of Harmful Anti-Fouling Systems on Ships, 2001 (AFS2001) 204 International Convention on the

Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage, 1971 (Fund Convention, 1971) as amended by the International Maritime Organization Protocol of

1992 (Fund 92) 81, 84, 85, 174 art 1.1 165 International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969 (TONNAGE 69) 204, 374, 377 International Convention Relating to Intervention on the High Seas in Cases of Oil Pollution Casualties,

1969 366 art I(1) 342 International Convention Relating to the Arrest of Sea-Going Ships, 1952 (Arrest Convention, 1952) 39,

142, 163, 197, 275, 276, 280,

283, 287, 289, 290, 291,

297, 338, 354 art 1 199, 200, 281, 315, 323 art 1(1) 200, 204, 209, 220, 233,

239, 242, 280, 296, 315 art 1(1)(a) 211, 257, 258 art 1(1)(b) 211, 228 art 1(1)(c) 212, 233, 239 art 1(1)(d) 212, 228, 233, 235,

239, 294 art 1(1)(e) 212, 228, 233, 235, 239 art 1(1)(f) 212, 228, 294 art 1(1)(g) 213, 228, 233, 239 art 1(1)(h) 213 art 1(1)(i) 213, 228, 233, 239, 294 art 1(1)(j) 213, 228, 233, 239 art 1(1)(k) 213, 214, 215 art 1(1)(l) 213, 216, 295

art 1(1)(m) 41, 214, 217, 296

art 1(1)(n) 218, 296

art 1(1)(o) 202, 218, 220, 239,

298, 352 art 1(1)(p) 202, 218, 220, 234,

240, 298, 352 art 1(1)(q) 139, 220, 221

252, 253, 258, 267, 281,

282, 313, 314, 315 art 5 35, 232, 249, 250, 253,

254, 259, 260, 261, 263, 267,

272, 273, 281, 317, 319 art 6 250, 252, 268, 272, 281

art 7 188, 222, 253, 255, 261,

263, 265, 271, 272, 274, 281

art 7(1) 245, 249, 254, 262,

272, 273, 274, 325 art 7(1)(a)–(f) 273

262, 326, 327 art 7(4) 261, 263, 320

333, 355, 365, 367, 370,

374, 377, 385 art 1 165, 346 art 1(1) 336, 337, 338, 339, 342, 344 art 1(1)(a) 339, 340 art 1(1)(b) 339, 340, 344, 364 art 1(1)(c) 341 art 1(3) 339 art 1(4) 343, 346 art 1(5) 343, 346, 368 art 1(6) 345 art 2 337, 342, 349 art 2(1) 341, 342 art 2(2) 350, 352 art 2(3) 350, 352 art 2(4) 203, 350, 352, 353 art 3 337 art 3(1) 154, 342, 348 art 3(1)(c) 351 art 3(2) 154, 177, 350 art 3(3), (4) 351, 387 art 3(5) 348 art 3(7) 348, 349 art 4(1) 364 art 4(3) 352 art 5 203, 352 art 5(1) 352, 353 art 5(2) 353 art 5(3) 353, 354 art 5(4) 351 art 6 338 art 6(1), (2) 336 art 6(3) 337, 347 art 7 335, 337, 350, 358 art 8 338 art 8(3) (draft) 347 Protocol of signature

para 2(b) 354 International Convention Relating to the Limitation of Liability of Owners of Sea-Going Ships, and the Protocol of

21 December 1979 xxi

Intervention Convention, 1969 see

International Convention Relating to

Intervention on the High Seas in Cases

of Oil Pollution Casualties

Limitation Convention, 1924 see

International Convention for the

Unifi cation of Certain Rules Relating

to the Limitation of Liability of Owners

of Sea- going Vessels and Protocol of

Signature

Limitation Convention, 1957 see

International Convention Relating to

the Limitation of Liability of Owners of

Sea-Going Ships

LLMC (Limitation) Convention, 1976 see

Convention on Limitation of Liability

for Maritime Claims, 1976

Maritime Labour Convention 2006

reg A21(1) 148

MARPOL 73/78 see International

Convention for the Prevention of

Pollution from Ships, 1973, as

modi-fi ed by Protocols of 1978 and 1997

Merchant Shipping (Minimum Standards)

Convention, 1976 (ILO Convention

No 147) (ILO 147) 204

Merchant Shipping (Minimum Standards)

Convention, 1976 (ILO Convention

No 147) (ILO 147 PROT 96) 204

MLM (Maritime Liens and Mortgages)

Convention, 1926 see International

Convention for the Unifi cation of

Certain Rules Relating to Maritime

Liens and Mortgages, 1926

MLM (Maritime Liens and Mortgages)

Convention, 1967 see International

Convention for the Unifi cation of

Certain Rules Relating to Maritime

Liens and Mortgages, 1967

MLM (Maritime Liens and Mortgages)

Convention, 1993 see International

Convention on Maritime Liens and

Nuclear Ships Convention, 1962 see

Convention on the Liability of Operators of Nuclear Ships Paris Convention on Third Party Liability in the Field of Nuclear Energy, 1960 174

Passengers Convention, 1961 see

International Convention for the Unifi cation of Certain Rules Relating

to the Carriage of Passengers by Sea,

1961, and Protocol

Penal Jurisdiction Convention, 1952 see

International Convention for the Unifi cation of Certain Rules Relating to Penal Jurisdiction in Matters of Collision

or Other Incidents of Navigation Rhine Navigation Convention 1868, amended 1963, and by Additional Protocols 1972, 1979, 1989 272 art 34 33 art 34-II 33 arts 35–35ter 33

Rotterdam Rules, 2008 see United Nations

Convention on the International Carriage of Goods Wholly or Partly

by Sea

Salvage Convention, 1910 see International

Convention for the Unifi cation of Certain Rules of Law Relating to Assistance and Salvage at Sea

Salvage Convention, 1989 see International

Convention on Salvage

SOLAS 1974 see International Convention

for the Safety of Life at Sea

UNCLOS see United Nations Convention

on the Law of the Sea UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural

Heritage, 2001 81, 120 art 1(a) 81, 82 art 4 82 United Nations Convention on Conditions for Registration of Ships, 1986 363 art 5 165 art 11(4) 192 art 12 192 United Nations Convention on

International Multimodal Transport

of Goods, 1980 art 25(3) 222

United Nations Convention on the

Law of the Sea, 1982

United Nations Convention on the

Carriage of Goods by Sea, 1978

Treaties, 1969, as amended by Protocol of 1997 201, 228 art 30 147 art 30(3) 43 art 31 211, 231 art 31(1) 389 art 32 211

Warsaw Convention, 1929 see Convention

for the Unifi cation of Certain Rules Relating to International Carriage by Air York-Antwerp Rules 1994

rr II, III 213

r VI 143

r IX, XII 213

TABLE OF DECISIONS, DIRECTIVES, REGULATIONS, TREATIES AND

CONVERSIONS

European

Council Directive No 2002/59/EC 106

art 20 106

Council Directive No 2009/16/EC of 23

April 2009 on Port State Control 204

art 5 206

art 5(2)(b) 206

art 19 206

Council Directive No 2009/20/EC of 23

April 2009 on the Insurance of

Shipowners for Maritime Claims 173

Council Regulation No 1346/2000/EC of

Council Regulation No 417/2002/EC on

the accelerated phasing in of double-

hull or equivalent design requirement

for single- hull oil tankers

art 5 208 art 6 209 Council Regulation No 1726/2003/EC art 5 208 Council Regulation No 192/2009/EC 20 Council Regulation No 392/2009/EC of 23 April 2009 13, 359 Council Regulation No 1215/2012/EU of

12 December 2012 on Jurisdiction and the Recognition and Enforcement of Judgments in Civil and Commercial Matters 259

art 1(2) 257 art 2 253 art 2(a) 190 art 8(1) 34 art 44 257

Resolution

LEG.5(99) of 19 April 2012 381

TABLE OF UK LEGISLATION AND

2011 art 1468 249 Code des Transports

art L5121-6 388 Decree 31 July 1992

art 211 251, 254 Décret 68-845 of 24 September 1968 art 24 298 art 25 298 Law of 15 July 1915 11 Law No 67-5 of 3 January 1969

art 11 219 art 40 161 Ordonnance of 1681 12, 50, 144

Germany

Act Relating to the Private Law Aspects of Inland Navigation 361 Handelsgesetzbuch (HGB)

art 486 333 § 754 No 6 144

Code of Civil Procedure

art 4 270

art 669 ter 251

Code of Merchant Marine 64

Codice della Navigazione

Decisión No 487 on Garantias Maritimas

(Hipoteca Naval y Privilegios

Maritimos y Embargo Preventivo de

Buques) of 7 December 2000,

amended by Decisión No 532 279

Spain

Codigo de Comercio art 589 318, 333

Sweden

Enforcement Act (Utsokningsbalken) chapter 4, s 7 252 chapter 16, s 13 252 Maritime Code

s 1(1)(b) 234

s 1(1)(m) 214, 215

s 3(4) 235

s 480(1) 257 Admiralty Court Act 1840

s 6 214 Admiralty Court Act 1861

s 5 214 Civil Procedure Rules 1998 (SI 1998

No 3132)

r 6.7(3) 244 Foreign Limitation Periods Act 1984

s 1(1) 25 Maritime Conventions Act 1911 12, 23, 24 Merchant Shipping Act 1854

s 506 342 Merchant Shipping Act 1894

s 5 219

s 5(2) 219

s 10(i) 219

s 419(4) 24 Merchant Shipping Act 1906

s 3(4) 30

s 92(1) 30 Merchant Shipping (Liability of Shipowners and Others) Act 1858

s 8(2) 342 Senior Courts Act 1981 274

s 20(1) 244

Ley de Comercio Marítimo of

13 December 2005, as amended by the Ley de Reforma Parcial del Decreto

No 1.506 con Fuerza de Ley de Comercio Marítimo,

5 January 2006 279

Calypso IV , The, Juge des Saisies of Antwerp, 1 February 1974 214

Cour d’Appel of Antwerp, 16 January 1991, and Juge des Saisies of Antwerp,

6 June 1985 214

Flanders Harmony , The, Juge des Saisies of Dendermonde: order of 20 September

1982 217

Canada

Frontier International Shipping Corp v Tavros, Federal Court of Canada 268

Peracomo Inc v TELUS Communications Co., The Realice 2014 SCC 29, Supreme

Court of Canada 372

EC

Bernard Denilauder v SNC Couchet Frères, Case C-125/79 [1980] ECR 1553, Judgment,

21 May 1980, 253 Italian Leather SpA v WECO Polstermöbel GmbH & Co., Case C-80/00 259

Owners of the Cargo Lately Laden on Board the Ship Tatry v The Owners of the

Ship Maciej Rataj , Case C-406/92, Recueil [1994] ECR I-05439; [1995] 1 Lloyd’s

Rep 302 259

France

Barjan , The and Tourbillon (1967) DMF 94, Court of Appeal of Rouen, 6 May

1966 62 Calvé-Delft v Alcoa Steamship, (1963) DMF 100, Tribunal de Commerce de Marseille,

12 June 1962 8

Flota Mercante Grancolombiana v Nireus Navigation Co Ltd, The Mediterranea 2000)

DMF 709, Cour de Cassation (Ch Com, 26 October 1999 226 Jupiter Maritime Corporation v Schiffahrtgesellschaft Detlef Von Appen mbH (1999) DMF 130, Cour de Cassation., 5 January 1999 251, 254

Master of the Atlantic Mariner v Trademar Conasa, The Atlantic Mariner (1985) DMF

167, Cour d’Appel of Rouen, 19 June 1984 227

Sallyview Estates v SA Enjoy, The Zaher V (1997) DMF 31, Cour d’Appel of Montpellier,

31 July 1996 226

Union de Remorqueurs de l’Océan v Cie Générale d’Armement Maritime, The Loire

(1967) DMF 305, Court of Appeal of Paris, 23 January 1967 79

Augusta Imprese Marittime SpA v Pibimare SpA, The Ombrina (1990) Dir Mar 62,

Corte di Cassazione, 27 May 1989 79

Big Trans Shipping SA v Rimorchiatori Riuniti Panfi do SpA, The Cryseis , Corte di

Cassazione, (1991) Dir Mar 688, 27 April 1990, No 3534 79 Boschetti v Società di Navigazione Petroleum (1950) Dir Mar 25, Court of Cassation, 13 August 1949 56

Cantieri Balsamo v Sail Boat Enterprise, The Felguera (1996) Dir Mar 1064, Tribunal of

Lecce, 24 December 1994 217

Capt Ivanov Zdenko v Sadav Lines Srl, The Zamet (1993) Dir Mar 416, Order of 30

January 1991, Tribunal of Trani 241, 242

Community of Bremen v Giacomo Costa fu Andrea (1960) Dir Mar 380, Judgment of 11 May 1968, No 1445 136 Egyptian Navigation Co v Impresa Barretta (1999) Dir Mar 371, Court of Appeal of Lecce, 11 March 1997 61

Espresso Liguria , The (1990) Dir Mar 416 63

Esso Italiana SpA and others v Patmos Shipping Corp and others (1986) Dir Mar 996 Tribunal of Messina, 30 July 1986; (1994) Dir Mar 1076, Court of Appeal of Messina, 24 December 1993 84, 85 Fallimento Navalferro Porto Srl v CNAN –Société Nationale de Transports Maritimes,

The Nemencha (1957) Dir Mar 1057, Tribunal of Genoa, 9 January 1995 247 Filikos Shipping Corp v Impresa Barretta, The Filikos (1997) Dir Mar 464, 664, Court

of Appeal of Lecce, 11 April 1996 60, 79 Gie Dream Bail v Pallavicino and Others (2006) Dir Mar 537, Tribunal of Genoa, 21 May 2004 251, 253

Goldfi sh Shipping SA v Odin Denizcilik Anonim Sirketi, The Pacifi c Trust ex Ahmet Bay

(2005) Dir Mar 1423, Tribunal of Ravenna, 15 June 2014 258

H S Hansen’s Skibs Proviantering A/S v SNC Giacomo Costa and Lloyd Tirrenico (1966) Dir Mar 227, Judgment of 21 April 1966, No 1014 136

Haven case (1996) Dir Mar 407, Court of Appeal of Genoa, 30 March 1996 384 Industria Chimica Subalpina SpA v Navalbuo Srl, The Bibor (1997) Dir Mar 112,

Tribunal of Genoa, 10 February 1995 252

Italiana Contenitori Srl v Black Sea Shipping Co., The Lev Tolstoj and Pavel Mizikievich

(1995) Dir Mar 1106, Tribunal of Genoa, 18 April 1995 247

Italmare-Olivieri Ship Chandlers Srl v Adriatica Tankers Shipping Co SA, The Irene VII

(1998) Dir Mar 739, Tribunal of Genoa, 4 June 1997 214, 215

Kaiko Maru , The No 15 (1965) Dir Mar 300 (arbitration award, 25 July 1963) 62 Lockwood Carlisle and Others v Sicilsud Leasing SpA, The Depa Giulia (1997) Dir Mar

1063, Tribunal of Genoa, 24 March 1995 252

Mamidoil Jetoil Greek Petroleum Co., The Carlo R (1997) Dir Mar 147, Tribunal of

Naples, 22 September 1995 214 Maroceano Compania Naviera SA v Compagnia di Navigazione Capo Gallo SpA, The

Lykaion (1972) Dir Mar 655, Arbitration Award, 18 December 197 62, 79 Martingale Trading Corp v Azovske Morske Paroplavstvo, The Mekhanik Yuzvocich

(2005) Dir Mar 200, Court of Appeal of Rome, July 2003 57

Navigation Maritime Bulgare v Rimorchiatori Riuniti Panfi do & C., The Petko R

Slaveinov (1980) Dir Mar 249, Court of Appeal of Venice, 6 March 1980 79

North Sea Petroleum GmbH v Duplex Maritime Co Srl, The Dumbraveni (1998) Dir

Mar 1222, Tribunal of Genoa 25 January 1997 214

Pallavicino v Gie Vision Bail, The European Vision (2006) Dir Mar 537, Tribunal of

Tribunal of Ravenna, 20 January 2011

Servet-Ka , The (2011) Dir Mar 592, Tribunal of Ravenna, 29 May 2010 246 Sonino Srl Provveditoria Marittima v Star of Venice Navigation SA, The Star of Venice

(unreported), Tribunal of Venice, 14 October 1998 214 SpA Caremar v Luigi Trani (1986) Dir Mar 105, Court of Appeal of Naples, 29

December 1984 8 Trademar Conasa v Line Island Marune Co (1988) Dir Mar: 804, Tribunal of Ravenna,

24 January 1987 214, 216

Netherlands, The

Arrondissementsrechtbank of Middelburg, 18 March 1992 [1992]

Kort Gelding 130 247 Arrondissementsrechtbank of Middelburg, 19 August 1998 (2000)

Schip en Schade 29 243 Arrondissementsrechtbank of Rotterdam, 23 January 1984 (1984)

Ship en Schade 53 237 Gerechtshof of Amsterdam on 6 April 1995, (1995) Schip en Schade 107 243

Golfo de Guanahacabibes , The> (1995) Schip en Schade 107, Arrondissementsrechtbank of

Maya Maritime v Medbridge Shipping Co., The Medlink and the Medbridge

(2004) Dir Mar 280, Audiencia Provincial of Barcelona, judgment on 11 February

2002 243