- hành động diễn ra không mong đợi hoặc làm bực mình.thường dùng với từ always - hai hành động xảy ra song song kéo dài ở hiện tại * Dấu hiệu nhận biết: - at the moment, now, right now,
Trang 1CHUYÊN ĐỀ 1: THÌ ĐỘNG TỪ TENSES(Thì)
SIMPLE PRESENT
(HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN)
Động từ “tobe”:
S + am/ is / are + …
S + am / is / are + not + …
Am / Is / Are + S + …?
Động từ thường:
S + V1 / V(s/es)
S + don’t/ doesn’t + V1
Do / Does + S + V1 …?
- thói quen ở hiện tại
- sự thật, chân lí
- hành động trong tương lai được đưa vào chương trình, kế hoạch
- If sentence type 1
* Dấu hiệu nhận biết:
- always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, rarely, never, every, normally, regularly, occasionally, as a rule …
- She often goesto school late.
- The sun risesin the east.
- The next termstarts on 5 May.
- If I come there tomorrow, I’ll
phone you
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
(HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN)
S + am/is/are + V-ing
S + am/ is/ are + not + V-ing
Am / Is /Are + S + V-ing?
- hành động đang diễn ra vào lúc nói
- dự định sẽ thực hiện trong tương lai gần
- hành động có tính chất tạm thời
- hành động diễn ra không mong đợi hoặc làm bực mình.(thường dùng với từ always)
- hai hành động xảy ra song song kéo dài ở hiện tại
* Dấu hiệu nhận biết:
- at the moment, now, right now, at present
- Look!
- Listen!
- Be quiet!
- Keep silent!
* Note: một số động từ thường không dùng với thì tiếp diễn: like, dislike,
hate, love, want, prefer, admire, believe, understand, remember, forget, know, belong, have, taste, smell, …
- I can’t answer the phone I’m having a bath.
- She is goingto the cinema tonight.
- He often goes to work by car, but
today he is taking a bus.
- My son is always gettingup late.
- My sister is playingbadminton while my brother is
playing football at the moment.
PRESENT PERFECT
(HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH)
S + has / have + P.P
S + has / have + not + P.P
Has / Have + S + P.P?
- hành động bắt đầu trong quá khứ, kéo dài đến hiện tại và có thể tiếp tục trong tương lai
- hành động xảy ra và chấm dứt trong quá khứ không rõ thời gian
- hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ mà kết quả còn lưu lại ở hiện tại
- hành động vừa mới xảy ra
* Dấu hiệu nhận biết:
- lately, recently (gần đây)
- so far, up to now, up to the present (cho tới bây giờ)
- in the past (ten) years (trong mười năm qua)
- I have learntEnglish for five
years
- Tom has finished his homework
He is going to school
- I haven’t found the keys yet I
cannot enter the house
Trang 2- in the last (years) (những năm gần đây)
- all my / his / her / their … life
- already, ever, never, just, yet, for, since
- how long …
- this is the first time/second time…
- many times / several times …
- She has just received a letter
from her father
PRESENT PERFECT
PROGRESSIVE
(HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP
DIỄN)
S + has / have + been + V-ing
S + has / have + not + been + V-ing
Has / Have + S + been + V-ing …?
- nhấn mạnh tính liên tục của một hành động bắt đầu trong quá khứ, kéo dài đến hiện tại và có thể tiếp tục trong tương lai
- hành động diễn ra trong một khoảng thời gian dài trong quá khứ vừa mới kết thúc
* Note:
- I have read the book (I have finished it)
- I have been reading a book
(I haven’t finished it)
- We have been waiting for the bus
for an hour
- They’ve been working in the
garden since 3 o’clock
- The ground is wet It has been raining.
SIMPLE PAST
(QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN)
Động từ “tobe”:
S + / were + …
S + wasn’t / weren’t + …
Was / Were + S + …?
Động từ thường:
S + V2 / V-ed
S + didn’t + V1
Did + S + V1 ….?
- hành động xảy ra và chấm dứt ở một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ
- kể lại một chuỗi hành động xảy ra liên tục trong quá khứ
- một thói quen trong quá khứ
* Dấu hiệu nhận biết:
- yesterday, last week, last month, …ago, in 1990, in the past, …
- She went to London last year.
- The man cameto the door,unlocked it,entered the room, went to the bed and laydown
on it
- When we werestudents, we often went on a picnic every
weekend
PAST PROGRESSIVE
(QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN)
S + was / were + V-ing
S + was / were + not + V-ing
Was / Were + S + V-ing…?
- hành động đang xảy ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ
- hai hành động cùng xảy ra đồng thời trong quá khứ
- nhấn mạnh tính liên tục của hành động diễn ra trong suốt một khoảng thời gian được xác định trong quá khứ
* Dấu hiệu nhận biết:
- at that time, at (9 o’clock) last night, at this time (last week), in the summer, during the summer, all day, all week, all month, …
- He was doinghis homework at 8
o’clock last night
- The childrenwere playingfootball while their mother was cooking the
meal
- We were watching TV all the
evening last Sunday
PAST PERFECT
(QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH
S + had + P.P
- hành động xảy ra trước hành động khác hoặc trước một thời điểm trong quá khứ
- hành động lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần trước một hành động hoặc một thời điểm
- When I arrived at the party,
theyhad already left.
Trang 3S + hadn’t + P.P
Had + S + P.P …?
trong quá khứ
* Dấu hiệu nhận biết:
- already, ever, never, before, by, by the time, after, until, when, …
- I had completed the English
course by 1998
- He had readthat book many
times before he gave it to you
PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
(QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP
DIỄN)
S + had + been + V-ing
S + hadn’t + been + V-ing
Had + S + been + V-ing …?
- nhấn mạnh tính liên tục của một hành động cho đến khi một hành động khác trong quá khứ xảy ra
* Dấu hiệu nhận biết:
- while, when, for, since, …
- When she arrived, I had been waitingfor two hours.
- It was 10 p.m He had been working since 8 p.m.
SIMPLE FUTURE
(TƯƠNG LAI ĐƠN)
S + will / shall + V1
S + will / shall + not + V1
Will / Shall + S + V1 …?
- hành động sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai
- một quyết định được đưa ra vào lúc nói
- một đề nghị hoặc lời hứa
- một lời đe dọa
* Dấu hiệu nhận biết:
- tomorrow, next, in 2012, …
- I think / guess
- I am sure / I am not sure
- He will comeback tomorrow.
- The phone is ringing I will answer it.
- I promise Iwon’t tellanyone
about your plan
- I will tell your mother if you do
that again
Lưu ý cách dùng của Be going to + V1
- diễn tả một dự định đã được sắp đặt trước
Ex: She is going to buy a new computer (She has saved for a year)
- diễn tả một dự đoán có căn cứ
Ex: The sky is absolutely dark It is going to rain.
FUTURE PROGRESSIVE
(TƯƠNG LAI TIẾP DIỄN)
S + will / shall + be + V-ing
S + will / shall + be + V-ing
Will / Shall + S + be + V-ing…?
- hành động sẽ đang xảy ra tại một thời điểm trong tương lai
- hai hành động sẽ xảy ra đồng thời trong tương lai
- nhấn mạnh tính liên tục của hành động từ lúc sẽ bắt đầu và kết thúc trong một khoảng thời gian nhất định trong tương lai
* Dấu hiệu nhận biết:
- at 9 o’clock tonight, at this time tomorrow, at this time next week / month / year,…
- At 7 o’clock tonight,
we will be watchingthe
news
- I will be cooking dinner while my daughter will be cleaning the floor.
- They will be working all
this afternoon
FUTURE PERFECT
(TƯƠNG LAI HOÀN THÀNH)
- hành động sẽ hoàn thành trước một thời điểm trong tương lai
- hành động sẽ hoàn thành trước một hành động, sự việc khác trong tương lai
- I will have finished my
homework by 9 p.m
Trang 4S + will /shall + have + P.P
S + won’t / shan’t + have + P.P
Will / Shall + S + have + P.P ….? * Dấu hiệu nhận biết:- when, before, by, by the time, … - I will have finished my homework before I go to
bed
Note:
- hai hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ:
hành động ngắn dùng thì quá khứ đơn, hành động dài dùng thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
Ex: Yesterday morning, I met my friend while I was going to school.
hành động xảy ra trước dùng thì quá khứ hoàn thành, hành động xảy ra sau dùng thì quá khứ đơn
Ex: She went out with her friends after she had finished her homework.
She had finished her homework before she went out with her friends.
BÀI TẬP ỨNG DỤNG CHUYÊN ĐỀ THÌ
I Put the verbs in parentheses into the correct tense:
1 When the light went out, I ( make)……….a cake, so I ( have)……….to finish it in the dark
2 When he ( return)……… , I will give him the keys
3 Jack is trying to give up smorking He ( not/have)………any cigarette for a week
4 You ( wear)………your new hat when I ( meet)………you yesterday on the way to supermarket
5 While my son ( play)………the piano, my daughter ( learn) ……….English through the songs
6 Yesterday, I (walk)……….a long the street when I ( realise)……….that a man with a lack beard whom I ( see)
……….three times already ( follow)……….me
7 Jackson thanked me for what I ( do )……….for him
8 I am sorry I ( forget)………that fellow’sname already
9 Marry ( look)……….no trouble with my English lesson up to now
10 Michael ( work)………thirty – eight hours e week
11 At present, that author ( write)……….a historical novel
12 The weather generally ( get )………quite hot in May and June
13 Fred’s brother( just/graduate)………from Oxford university
14.You ( ever/be ) to England? - ………?
- Yes, We ( go)……….there three years ago
15 Laura’s mother ( have)……….a headache for several hours
16 Do you think it ( rain)……… tomorrow?
17 I am very hungry because I ( not/have)……… breakfast or lunch
18 By the time I got to Linh’s house, she ( already/ leave)……… for work
19 When we (get)……….to the restaurant, we ( find )……… that nobody had remembered to reserve a table
20 I’m going to bed I ( work )………for hours, and I’m so tired now
21 “ Good morning! Can I help you?” “ Yes, I ( bring)……… my watch to you for repair four weeks ago Is it ready yet?”
22 I wanted to be the first to tell her the news, but I ( be)……….too late Someone ( already/ tell)………her that news
23 The girl ( sit)……….next to our form – teacher is very clever and beautiful
24 My uncle ( make)……….a speech on Friday
Trang 525 Oh dear! Look out the window It ( rain )………
26 They ( build)………a new house in this corner of the street right now 27 When Mr Google (come)………to the party this afternoon, he ( bring)………along some children 28 How many films you ( see) this month? ?
29 They ( not/come) ………home until they ( ses)……….everything 30 John ( do )……… the test again at the moment because he ( not/pass)………in the first time II Sắp xếp trật tự các từ và cụm từ đã cho dưới đay để tạo thành câu hoàn chỉnh: 1 Lan / her free time / fishing / in / goes / never/.………
2 meet / he / three / girlfriend / ago / days / didn’t / his/ ………
3 at 7.00 p.m / we / yesterday / watching / were / TV/.………
4 They / Hanoi / tomorrow / go to / will / with me/.………
5 My son / on / is / at the moment / the sofa / lying/.………
6 have/ this film / already / seen / they /.………
7 stopped / until now / he / not / has / smoking/.………
8 are / Halong Bay / we / going / next / to / summer / visit/.………
9 had / by 1970 / they / moved / to London / their house /.………
10 sometimes / vegetables / she / at / buys / this market /.………
11 in / at / is / my mother / present / cooking / the kitchen / some food/.………
12 arrived / his house / when / he / I / at / sleeping / was / still/.………
13 she / she/ all the work / last night / went out / had finished / before / for walking/.………
14 to London / by the time / next weekend / she will / I come / have engaged to John/ ………
15 have you / learning / been / in this club / how long / Enlish / ………?
III Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences. 1 I sometimes……… home late because of school works A returned B returns C have returned D return 2 Everyday, Mary ……… on foot with her partners A to go to school B goes to school C went school D is going school 3 The fire broke down when we……….Literatures at school A learning B are learning C were learning D had learnt 4 Last summer holiday, I and my close friends……….at Hoabinh Hotel A been B are C was D were 5 Finally, Miss Linh……… to join us on the trip to the Catba islands A has decided B have been decided C will decide D decided 6 It’s ten years since I last……….my form teacher A had seen B saw C see D was seeing 7 The house is very dirty now, we have not cleaned it………
Trang 6A next week B at the moment C three days ago D for a long time
8 John’s father often………coffee in the morning but yesterday morning he………tea instead
A drinks / drunk B drink / drank C drinks / drank D drank / drunk
9 This is the first time they……….a modern sewing machine
A have used B used C had used D are using
10 By the time I got to the station, ………
A the train has leave B the train had left
C the train are leaving D the train is going to leave
11 We………the film last night because we………….it several times before
A don’t see / saw B didn’t see / have saw C haven’t seen / saw D didn’t see / had seen
12 They first met a long time………
A recently B ago C day by day D tomorrow
13 Mrs Lanchi……… that novel in 1976
A wrote B was write C had written D was writing
14 They ……… at home to watch the final football match on TV now
A is going to stay B staying C were staying D are staying
15 They ……… a new school for disadvantaged children in our village
A have just built B have been built C was going to build D building
16 Since the worldwide recession of the 1990’s, the sail of jeans growing
A stopped B was stopped C was stopping D has stopped
17 …………I left school, I had learned English for seven years
A By the time B Up to now C Next year D At this time next month
18 How are you? I haven’t seen you………… ages
19 She regretted to tell him that………
A she had left the tickets at home B she was leaving the tickets at home
C the tickets at home would be left D she will have left the tickets at home
20 He went back to work in his country after he………….his course on Advanced Engineering in London
A has finished B had finished C was finishing D finishes
21.I first met her two years ago when we…………at Oxford University
A have been studying B were studying C had been studying D are studying
22 Kim: “ what………this weekend?”
Sally: “ Oh, we’re going windsurfing It’s fantastic.”
A do you go B are you going C would you do D are you doing
23 It is lowing so hard We ………such a terrible storm
A have never known B have never been knowing C never know D had never know
24 On July 20, 1969, Neil Armstrong _down onto the moon, the first person ever set foot on another planet
a was stepping b stepped c has stepped d was step
25 When boarding the plane, many passengers were annoyed because they waiting in the airport for three ad a half hours
Trang 7a are b were c have been d had been
26 If coastal erosion continues to take place at the present rate, in another fifty years this beach any more
a doesn't exist b isn't going to exits c isn't existing d won't be existing
27 Their football team a championship until last season
a had never won b is never winning c had never been winning d had never won
28 By the end of this year, Tom English for three years
a will be studying b has studied c will have studied d has been studying
29 In one year's time, I in this school for 15 years
a will be working b will work c will have studied d has been studying'
30 They this course by next June
a have finished b will finish c are going to finish d will have finished
31 She will go abroad as soon as she this English course
a has completed b will complete c will have completed d completed
IV Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1_ My brother is an engineer for a construction company He usually (come) to study by motorbike but yesterday he (take) the bus because his motorbike (break) down My brother (be) _ an engineer for more than five years and he is still interested in (read) _ books about construction He often (stay) up late to read books when everybody (go) _ to bed
2_ My cousin (live) _ in the North of the country He (come) _ to see us next week We (meet) _ him at the station and he (stay) with us for several days Our cousin (visit) us two years ago, but this time, when he (come) _ , he (get) _ a surprise because we (just move) into a new house
3_ My grandfather is 96 years old When he was born, Queen Victoria (be) _ still on the throne Since then, there (be) four different Kings and a Queen on the throne of the United Kingdom He (meet) _the Queen on several occasions In 1959, he (be) _a soldier in New Zealand when she (come) _ to visit New Zealand he has been married twice His first wife (die) when she (be)
32 He (meet) his second wife when he (travel) _ round France by bike in 1980 He says he (travel) _ around Europe again next year
4 What (1) (you, learn) since you (2) (come) here? How many friends (you, make)?
5 Libraries today (1) - (be) different from those in the 1880s For example, the contents of the libraries (2) (change) greatly through the years In the 1880s , libraries (3) (be) simply collections of books However, today most libraries are multimedia centers that contains tapes, computers, disks, films, magazines, music and paintings The role of the libraries in society (4) (also, change) In the 1800s libraries(5) (be) open only to a certain people, such as scholars or the wealthy Today libraries serve everyone
V_ Give the proper forms of the verbs in brackets
a) Today there (be) more than 3000 different (live) languages in the world English (be) the most widely spoken; over 350 million people (speak) it but more people speak Chinese You may wonder why English (more widely speak) although more people speak Chinese This is because people who (speak) _ Chinese are found in China but English (speak) people (find) _ in almost every corner of the world
b) Nancy Mann was born in Argentina She _(study) French and German at Oxford University from 1970 to 1977 At the moment she studys for the BBC World Service She _(be) with the BBC for 5 years She _(study) as an interpreter for the E U before that She also
Trang 8lived and studyed in Brussels for 3 years when she (study) for the E U Now she (be) a correspondent and she (travel) all over western and eastern Europe, and many parts of South America
c) Dick _(go) down to his friend's farm last August to help him August is the busiest time of the year for farmers because it _(be) then that they have to cut the corn It is also the time Dick _(choose) for his holiday, so he decided to do something that (be) useful and at the same time quite different from his study at the office in London Luckily the weather _ (be) fine during his two weeks on the farm One can't cut corn when it wet because then it _ (go) bad when one piles it up The farmers have to wait for sunshine , and then cut and dry the corn quickly before rain comes
Dick's friend _(study) in the garden when he (arrive).He was very delighted to welcome Dick to his farm-house
VI_ Fill in the blanks with the correct tense of the verbs in brackets
Five years ago I (have to ) make a big decision At that time I (study) for a small engineering company However, things (not go ) very well for the company and it (lose) money One day when we _(come) to study as usual , we the boss _(tell) us that the company _(be) bankrupt We _(be) all unemployment
That lunch-time we (go) to the pub usual We (be) all very depressed I (study) at the company for over fifteen years and some of the people _(be) there longer than that Well, of course, we (talk) about the problem Then the landlord of the club _(hear) the news He (say) :"Why don’t you buy the company?" At first we all _(laugh) but then we (start) to discuss it properly
We (know) the problems The company _(lose) a lot of customers because it _(not develop) new products Then finally we decided to go for it
Rewrite the following sentences with the given words at the beginning of each sentence.
a) Ex: She hasn't come here for 4 weeks.
It is four weeks since she last came here.
1_ Tom and Jerry have been married for five years.
It is five years
2_ My father hasn't been to Hanoi for 3 years.
It is _
3_ I haven't seen her for 5 years.
It is _
4_ I haven't enjoyed so much for years.
It is _
5_ I haven't eaten this kind of food for 7 years.
It is
6_ Mary hasn't rung for weeks.
It is