TRÌNH BÀY TỔNG QUAN LÝ THUYẾT LITERATURE

Literature review is an analysis and synthesis of primary source materials, written in a specific style which flows from broad to narrow, and takes into account both the theoretical and

Trinh bày T ng quan lý thuy t

(Literature Review)

and to think what nobody else had thought.”

Albert Szent-Gyorgyi

Literature review

Literature review is an analysis and synthesis of primary source materials, written in a specific style which flows from broad to narrow, and takes into account both the theoretical and empirical issues of the problem without over citing any source or sources

“The literature" means the works you consult in order to

understand and investigate your research problem

Y nghĩa

c avi ctrình bay t ng quan lý thuy t?

WORKING WITH LITERATURE

Using available

resources

Honing your search skills i) ih Keeping track

Arguing your rationale

Need for more in-depth engagement in

research iiterature so that questions relevant and significant to the field can be developed

Background/contextual readings that put the significance of the research in a broader societal/scientific context

A review of past studies can inform your

choice of method Background reading relating to specific methods may also be necessary for your own leaming

WRITING A LITERATURE REVIEW

LITERATURE AND THE RESEARCH PROCESS

(O'Leary, Z., 2004 — The essential guide to doing research)

Nn ngv nd cont ptrung

1S cn thi tc p thi tc a nghiên c u - Ý

nghĩa

2.Nh ng lý thuy tquan đi m chính y u.Tóm t t

3.C s c anh nggi thuy tnghiénc u

4.Cac khai ni m, gi Gnhvagi ih ne anghién

C U

các khái ni m.

T ng quan lý thuy t

4 giai đo n:

1 Hình thành v nở (Problem formulation)

2 limki md_ l¡ u (Lierature search)

3.Danh giad li u (Data evaluation)

4 Phân tích và di n gi |

(Analysis and interpretation)

ĐÐcnh th nào

1.Ir ch tnên tham kh onh ng ngu nt ng quát, ch ng

h n sách giáo khoa (textbook), d co cai nhint ng quat v

ý nghĩa và b nch tc anh ng khai ni m, ly thuy tco lién

ĐÐcnh th nào

> Càng đ cnhi u, càng có nhị u câu h |

= Ÿ nghĩa???

¬A Ti pt c hoàn thi n vị c xác đnhv ng nghiên

cu

—> Khi nào thì cóth xemnh đãgđ cd 2

Cách đ cm tbài báo nghiênc u

(a journal article}

1.Dcvimtm ctiéu rd rang trong d u

5 Tomt tn i dung, néu ranh ng nh n xét, cầu h ¡c a

Nh ng câu h i

chính y u?2Quanh gi anh ng khái ni m, bi n nghiên

c unàynh th nào?

2.Cac ly thuy thintiv vnd nghiênc unh th nao? Nh ngch naohi ubi tc ab ncon mau thu n

ho c khong ro rang?

3.T i sao cn th c hi n nghién c u? Pong gop c a

nao?

4 Thi tk nghién c u nao la phu h p, thi tk nào là khong phuh p?

nghiên c us

V nd nghiénc uc th th nao?

mih olu n và đánh giá "ith o lu n và đánh giá

“tóm! cvàliênh vivnđ nghiênc u "tml cvảlênh vi

mliênh v ivnđ nghiênc u:

(Golden-Biddle, K, & Locke, K., 1997 Composing Qualitative Research Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage)

Th nào làm tt ng quan lý thuy tt t?

¢Binhlu nv iy ki nriéng, lam sangt nh ng mauthu n(n u

eLamn I1 rõ giá tr c anghiênc u trong b ¡c nh lý thuy thị n

t i

¢Ch ranh ngh_= ngnghiénc uti p theo

(Lyons, K., 2005 UCSC library - how to write a literature review Retrieved 1/22/2009, 2009, from http://library.ucsc.edu/ret/howto/literaturereview.html)

Lý thuy t (Theory}

A theory can be defined as:

¢ a set of organically connected propositions,

¢ that are located at a higher level of abstraction and generalization than empirical reality,

¢ and which are derived from empirical patterns,

¢ and from which empirical forecasts can be derived

(Social research - Theory, Method, and Techniques, p.60)

nhau hình thành nên ki nth cnh m môt, gi ¡ thích

th gi I xung quanh

Cac thanh ph nc am tly thuy t

Gi thuy t (Hypothesis)

science employs hypothesis in guiding the thinking process When our experience tells us that a given phenomenon follows regularly upon the appearance of certain other phenomena, we conclude that the former is connected with the latter by some sort of relationship and we form an hypothesis concerning this relationship

(M Verma)

A hypothesis is a tentative answer to a research problem, expressed

in the form of a clearly stated relation between the independent and the dependent variables Hypotheses are tentative answers because they can be verified only after they have been tested empirically

(Frankfort-Nachmias and Nachmias, 1996, p.62)

A theoretical proposition must be able to be broken down into specific hypotheses By hypothesis, we mean:

¢a proposition that implies a relationship between two or more concepts,

¢ which is located on a lower level of abstraction and generality than the theory,

¢ and which enables the theory to be transformed into terms that can

be tested empirically

(Social research - Theory, Method, and Techniques, p.61)

Problem (with Variables Predicting

Labelled)

Relative Finding

Data +

The research spectrum (Bruce W Tuckman)

Khái ni m (Concept)

A concept is an abstract summary of a particular phenomenon that is of interest to a researcher — a representation of an object or one of its properties

Researchers have an idea of what they mean, and

they are a useful way of describing and understanding different types of action, behaviour, characteristics, attitudes, or other phenomena

(A short introduction to social research, p.53)

Khái ni m (Concept)

M tkhái ni m làm ttph pnh ng ÿ nghĩa

ho cnh ng ở c tính liên quant inh ngs

kin,đit ng, di uki n, tinh hu ng, và các

Bi n (Variable)

A variable is an operationalized concept

(Social research - Theory, Method, and Techniques, p.68)

Cc akhaini m.

Các lo ¡bi nnghiênc u

> D cl p (Independent variable}

> Ph thu c (Dependent variable)

> Di uti t/ Trung hoa (Moderating variable)

> Ngo i lai (Extraneous variable}

> Ki m soat (Control variable)

> Can thi p (Intervening variable)