Test bank for goulds pathophysiology for the health professions 5th edition

The impulses related to acute pain are usually transmitted by: a.. In which structure do pain impulses ascend the spinal cord?. According to the gate-control theory, passage of pain impu

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Gould’s Pathophysiology for the Health Professions, 5th Edition by Karin C VanMeter, Robert J Hubert

Test Bank Chapter 04: Pain MULTIPLE CHOICE

1 The impulses related to acute pain are usually transmitted by:

a nociceptors

b myelinated A delta fibers

c unmyelinated C fibers

d any sensory fiber with a low pain threshold

ANS: B REF: 55

2 In which structure do pain impulses ascend the spinal cord?

a Reticular formation

b Corticospinal tract

c Spinothalamic tract

d Relevant dermatome

ANS: C REF: 55

3 According to the gate-control theory, passage of pain impulses may be naturally blocked:

a at the synapse by entry of other sensory impulses

b by the stress response

c by administration of morphine directly into the spinal cord

d by referring the pain to other parts of the body

ANS: A REF: 55

4 What is the term used to describe the degree of pain that is endured before an individual takes action?

a Pain threshold

b Referred pain

c Phantom pain

d Pain tolerance

ANS: D REF: 55

5 What is the definition of endorphins?

a Neurotransmitters at the nociceptors

b Transmitters for sensory impulses

c Opiate-like blocking agents in the central nervous system

d Pain-causing chemical mediators

ANS: C REF: 57

6 Pain perceived in the left arm during the course of a heart attack is an example of:

a referred pain

b phantom pain

c chronic pain

d subjective pain response

ANS: A REF: 57

7 A headache that is related to changes in cerebral blood flow is classified as a/an headache

c migraine

d intracranial

ANS: C REF: 60

8 What is a common analgesic administered to control a moderate level of pain?

a Meperidine

b Acetaminophen

c Codeine

d Ibuprofen

ANS: C REF: 62

9 Which of the following applies to spinal anesthesia?

a It causes analgesia with loss of consciousness

b The drug is injected into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or the

epidural space of the spinal cord

c The drug stimulates release of endorphins in the spinal cord

d The transmission of pain impulses is blocked in a small area of

the body

ANS: B REF: 62

10 Which of the following is a characteristic of acute pain but not of chronic pain?

a Depression and debilitation

b A perception of increased generalized pain and discomfort

c Fatigue and lower pain tolerance

d Severe but short term

ANS: D REF: 55-57

11 What is the role of nociceptors? They are:

a pain receptors that are stimulated by thermal, chemical, or

physical means

b spinal nerves that conduct impulses from specific areas of the

skin

c responsible for the state of arousal with pain

d useful in localizing pain to a specific area of the body

ANS: A REF: 54

12 Intractable pain is best defined as:

a pain that is perceived as occurring in an amputated limb

b severe pain that cannot be controlled by medication

c pain perceived as coming from a source other than the actual

source

d pain coming from a specific dermatome

ANS: B REF: 62

13 Which of the following statements is TRUE?

a The brain is more aware of pain impulses when the reticular

activating system is depressed

b Acute pain does not cause a reflex response at the spinal cord

synapses

c Young infants typically respond to pain with tachycardia and

increased blood pressure

d Chronic pain is easier to tolerate without negative effects

ANS: C REF: 57

14 Ibuprofen is classified as an NSAID and is particularly useful in treating:

a severe pain

b pain caused by inflammation

c intracranial pain

d pain in young infants

ANS: B REF: 61

15 Which of the following analgesics acts to reduce pain at the peripheral site?

a Acetaminophen

b Morphine

c Codeine

d Intravenous general anesthesia

ANS: A REF: 61

16 Cancer-related pain has been broken down into three basic categories: pain caused by the advance of the disease and resultant damage to the body, pain that is the result of a coexisting disease unrelated to the cancer, and:

a phantom pain as a result of amputation

b pain associated with the treatment of the disease

c pain caused by emotional stress and metabolic changes

d pain associated with damage to the peripheral nerves

ANS: B REF: 61

17 Pain that is caused by trauma or disease involving the peripheral nerves is referred to as:

a neuropathic pain

b central pain

c neurogenic pain

d referred pain

ANS: A REF: 61

18 Pain resulting from a profound, sudden loss of blood flow to an organ or tissues in a specific area of the body is referred to as:

a chronic pain

b central pain

c cardiovascular pain

d ischemic pain

ANS: D REF: 61

19 Which of the following is a characteristic of chronic pain?

a It usually initiates a physiological stress response

b It always involves a strong emotional response such as high

anxiety

c It is more difficult to diagnose and treat than is acute pain

d It involves tissue damage to a specific organ

ANS: C REF: 59 | 60

20 A headache that results from pressure on the meninges surrounding the brain is referred to as a/an:

a intracranial headache

b intrameningeal headache

c migraine headache

d cerebral headache

ANS: A REF: 60