Download PDF test bank for understanding nursing research building an evidence based practice 5th edition by nancy burns

5-3 ANS: A The feasibility of a research problem and purpose is determined by examining the researcher’s expertise; money commitment; availability of subjects, facilities, and equipment;

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Test Bank for Understanding Nursing Research Building an Evidence Based Practice 5th Edition by Nancy Burns

Chapter 05: Research Problems, Purposes, and Hypotheses

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1 The initial and one of the most significant steps in conducting the research process is:

a defining the research variables

b determining the feasibility of the study

c identifying the research problem

d stating the research

purpose ANS: C

The problem provides the basis for developing the research purpose

Variables are defined once the study problem and purpose are clearly identified

The problem provides the basis for developing the research purpose

The feasibility of a study is an important consideration once the problem and

purpose have been established The problem provides the basis for developing the

research purpose

The research purpose is a clear, concise statement regarding the goal of the study; it comes from the need identified through the research problem The problem provides the basis for developing the research purpose

DIF: Cognitive level: Application REF: p 148

2 The research purpose should identify the study variable(s) and what other key aspect

The purpose includes the variables, population, and often the setting for the study

The study design is how the research is going to be carried out The purpose includes the variables, population, and often the setting for the study

Measurement tools that are used are included in the methodology section The purpose

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includes the variables, population, and often the setting for the study

Statistics are included as part of the methodology The purpose includes the variables, population, and often the setting for the study DIF: Cognitive level: Knowledge REF: p 146

3 An appropriate source for identification of a clinical-based research problem would

be a/an:

a Chief nurse

administrator Test Bank

Research in nursing should influence nursing practice and address needs in

nursing practice Practicing nurses are best able to identify pertinent clinical

problems for research

Nurse managers are best able to identify administrative and management

concerns amenable for research

Clinical-based research requires that nurse researchers develop close relationships with practicing nurses so as to identify pertinent problems for nursing research

Nursing faculty are best able to identify pertinent education concerns for

research DIF: Cognitive level: Analysis REF: p 145

4 In the literature report of a study on quality of life, the researcher describes

two previous

investigations suggesting that spirituality is related to quality of life This

information suggests that the current study is significant because it:

a addresses multidisciplinary concerns

b builds on previous research

c challenges existing

theory d influences

theology ANS: B

A significant study problem and purpose are based on previous research In a

research article, the introduction and literature review sections include relevant

studies that provide a basis for a study

The study does not appear to address multidisciplinary concerns A significant

study problem and purpose are based on previous research In a research article, the

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introduction and literature review sections include relevant studies that provide a basis for

From information given, it would be incorrect to conclude that the study influences

theology A significant study problem and purpose are based on previous research In

a research article, the introduction and literature review sections include relevant

studies that provide a basis for a study

5 The feasibility of conducting a study is determined by examining which of

problem Test Bank

5-3

ANS: A

The feasibility of a research problem and purpose is determined by examining

the researcher’s expertise; money commitment; availability of subjects, facilities,

and equipment; and the study’s ethical considerations

Previous studies may help guide a researcher to conduct a certain study, but do not

determine its feasibility The feasibility of a research problem and purpose is determined

by examining the researcher’s expertise; money commitment; availability of subjects, facilities, and equipment; and the study’s ethical considerations

The researcher’s credibility may impact a grant award or the interpretation of the study, but not whether it can be carried out The feasibility of a research problem and purpose is determined by examining the researcher’s expertise; money commitment; availability of subjects, facilities, and equipment; and the study’s ethical considerations

The significance of the research problem relates to whether or not it is seen as

important The feasibility of a research problem and purpose is determined by

examining the researcher’s expertise; money commitment; availability of subjects,

facilities, and equipment; and the study’s ethical considerations

DIF: Cognitive level: Knowledge REF: p 158

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6 In a research proposal, the investigator notes that written permission has been obtained from three local hospitals to access patients for the proposed study This is an example of what aspect of a study?

The feasibility of a research problem and purpose is determined by examining

the researcher’s expertise; money commitment; availability of subjects, facilities,

and equipment; and the study’s ethical considerations

Ethics should be at the core of any study, but is not determined by access to patients The feasibility of a research problem and purpose is determined by examining the researcher’s expertise; money commitment; availability of subjects, facilities, and equipment; and the study’s ethical considerations

The methodology is how the researcher plans the study and its analysis The feasibility

of a research problem and purpose is determined by examining the researcher’s

expertise; money commitment; availability of subjects, facilities, and equipment; and the study’s ethical considerations

The reliability of a study has to do with its methodology and is not dependent on access The feasibility of a research problem and purpose is determined by examining the

researcher’s expertise; money commitment; availability of subjects, facilities, and

equipment; and the study’s ethical considerations

DIF: Cognitive level: Comprehension REF: p 159

7 The purpose of a research hypothesis is to:

Test Bank

5-4

a clarify the concepts used in the study

b define the theoretical framework for the study

c identify the source of the problem under study

d predict the expected results or outcomes of the study

ANS: D

The research hypothesis states that there is a relationship between two or more

variables The hypothesis translates the research problem and purpose into a clear

explanation or prediction of the expected results or outcomes of the study

The researcher clarifies concepts through definitions provided in the proposal and/or

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report of the study

A theoretical framework is the basis for the hypotheses

The source of the problem is what the researcher has identified through observation and

a search of the literature

8 The statement, “This study explores the experience of caregiving by adult daughters

of parents with Alzheimer’s disease,” is an example of which of the following

components of a research study?

A research objective is a clear, concise, declarative statement that is expressed in

the present tense

A hypothesis is a prediction of what the study results will be

An operational definition is an exact description of a variable in how it will be

described in the research study

A research question is a short, interrogative statement that helps direct a

study DIF: Cognitive level: Application REF: p 160

9 What type of hypothesis is the following?

“Normal saline flush with heparin is more effective than normal saline flush alone in maintaining patency of an intermittent intravenous site.”

A simple hypothesis states the relationship (associative or causal) between two

variables In this example, the variables are normal saline flush (one independent

variable) and patency of an intermittent intravenous site (one dependent variable) A directional hypothesis states the nature of the interaction between two or more variables

In this example, the direction is indicated by the prediction “more effective.”

There are just two variables involved; complex means more than that, and there is no

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causal relationship indicated The feasibility of a research problem and purpose is

determined by examining the researcher’s expertise; money commitment; availability of subjects, facilities, and equipment; and the study’s ethical considerations

There are just two variables involved; complex means more than that, and there is a direction (more effective) indicated The feasibility of a research problem and purpose is determined by examining the researcher’s expertise; money commitment; availability of subjects, facilities, and equipment; and the study’s ethical considerations

The null hypothesis is the statistical hypothesis that there will be no difference The feasibility of a research problem and purpose is determined by examining the researcher’s expertise; money commitment; availability of subjects, facilities, and equipment; and the study’s ethical considerations

DIF: Cognitive level: Comprehension REF: pp 172-173

10 A research question focuses on:

a the characteristics of a variable

b the framework for conducting the investigation

c what relationships might exist among variables

d the framework for conducting the investigation, which variables are to

be manipulated

ANS: C

A research question focuses on description of variables or concepts, examination of relationships among variables, and determination of differences between two or

more groups regarding selected variables

The characteristic of a variable is given in the operational definition A research question focuses on description of variables or concepts, examination of relationships among variables, and determination of differences between two or more groups regarding

selected variables

The framework for conducting the investigation comes from the researcher and is

described in the literature review A research question focuses on description of

variables or concepts, examination of relationships among variables, and determination

of differences between two or more groups regarding selected variables

The variables to be manipulated are stated in the research design A research

question focuses on description of variables or concepts, examination of

relationships among variables, and determination of differences between two or more groups regarding selected variables

11 What type of hypothesis is the following?

Test Bank

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5-6

“Cancer patients who receive music therapy complain less frequently of pain and

require less pain medication than cancer patients not receiving music therapy.” a

prediction “complain less frequently.”

A complex hypothesis is correct, but the null hypothesis predicts no difference A

complex hypothesis predicts the relationship among three or more variables In this example, the variables are music therapy (independent), pain (dependent), and

medication (dependent) A directional hypothesis states the nature of the interaction between two or more variables In this example, the direction is indicated by the

This study has more than two variables (not simple) and is simply indicating an

association A complex hypothesis predicts the relationship among three or more

variables In this example, the variables are music therapy (independent), pain

(dependent), and medication (dependent) A directional hypothesis states the nature of the interaction between two or more variables In this example, the direction is indicated

by the prediction “complain less frequently.”

A simple hypothesis has only two variables (this study has more than two), and there is

a direction predicted (fewer complaints of pain and need for less pain medication) A complex hypothesis predicts the relationship among three or more variables In this example, the variables are music therapy (independent), pain (dependent), and

medication (dependent) A directional hypothesis states the nature of the interaction between two or more variables In this example, the direction is indicated by the

DIF: Cognitive level: Comprehension REF: pp

172-173 12 What type of hypothesis is the following?

“Low-fat diet is related to lower total cholesterol and higher HDL (high-density

lipoprotein).”

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a Complex, directional, associative

b Complex, directional, causal

c Simple, nondirectional, research

d Simple, directional, causal

This hypothesis is complex and directional, but no causal relationship is identified There are more than two variables included in this hypothesis, so it is complex

Directions (lower and higher) are also indicated

There are more than two variables included in this hypothesis, so it is complex It

is directional, but no causal relationship is identified

DIF: Cognitive level: Comprehension REF: pp 167, 172-174

13 The dependent variable is defined as a:

a characteristic or element of the human subjects involved in the study

b quality, property, or characteristic identified in the problem

c response or outcome that the researcher wants to understand

d stimulus or activity that is varied by the researcher

ANS: C

The dependent variable is the response, behavior, or outcomes that the researcher wants to predict or explain

The characteristic or element of the human subjects is a demographic variable

The quality, property, or characteristic identified in the problem describe any variable The dependent variable is the response, behavior, or outcomes that the researcher wants to predict or explain

The independent variable may be a stimulus or activity that is varied by the researcher The dependent variable is the response, behavior, or outcomes that the researcher wants to predict or explain

14 Identify the independent variable in the following hypothesis:

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“Cancer patients who receive music therapy complain less frequently of pain and

require less pain medication than cancer patients not receiving music therapy.”

5-8

The number of pain complaints would be a dependent variable An independent variable

is a stimulus or activity that is manipulated or varied by the researcher to create an effect

on the dependent variable In this example, music therapy is the “treatment” that is being used to manipulate frequency of pain and amount of required pain medication, a stimulus or activity that is varied by the researcher

The incidence of cancer is a criterion for inclusion in the study In this example, music

therapy is the “treatment” that is being used to manipulate frequency of pain and amount of required pain medication, a stimulus or activity that is varied by the researcher

Pain medication use is a dependent variable An independent variable is a stimulus or activity that is manipulated or varied by the researcher to create an effect on the

dependent variable In this example, music therapy is the “treatment” that is being used

to manipulate frequency of pain and amount of required pain medication, a stimulus or activity that is varied by the researcher

15 Read the following statement and answer the question: “Structured preoperative support

is more effective in reducing surgical patients’ perception of pain and request for

analgesics than structured postoperative support.”

What type of variable is “Request for

analgesics”? a Attribute

b Dependent

c Extraneous

d Independent

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ANS: B

The dependent variable is the response, behavior, or outcome the researcher wants to predict or explain In this example, the outcome is “reduced surgical patients’

perception of pain and request for analgesics.”

The demographic or attribute variables are ones describing the sample The dependent variable is the response, behavior, or outcome the researcher wants to predict or explain

In this example, the outcome is “reduced surgical patients’ perception of pain and

request for analgesics.”

Extraneous variables are ones the researcher is not interested in, but have an effect in the study The dependent variable is the response, behavior, or outcome the researcher wants to predict or explain In this example, the outcome is “reduced surgical patients’ perception of pain and request for analgesics.”

An independent variable is a stimulus or activity that is manipulated or varied by the researcher to create an effect on the dependent variable The dependent variable is

the response, behavior, or outcome the researcher wants to predict or explain In this example,

the outcome is “reduced surgical patients’ perception of pain and request for

analgesics.” DIF: Cognitive level: Application REF: p 176

perception of pain and request for analgesics.”

The demographic or attribute variables are ones describing the sample The dependent variable is the response, behavior, or outcome the researcher wants to predict or explain

In this example, the outcome is “reduced surgical patients’ perception of pain and request

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the outcome is “reduced surgical patients’ perception of pain and request for

analgesics.” Extraneous variables are ones the researcher is not interested in, but have an effect in the study The dependent variable is the response, behavior, or outcome the researcher wants to predict or explain In this example, the outcome is “reduced surgical patients’ perception of pain and request for analgesics.”

What type of variable is “Type of

A dependent variable is the response, behavior, or outcome the researcher wants to

predict or explain An independent variable is a stimulus or activity that is manipulated or varied by the researcher to create an effect on the dependent variable In this example,

“type of support” is being used to manipulate “surgical patients’ perception of pain and request for analgesics.”

Test Bank

Inc 5-10

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Extraneous variables are ones the researcher is not interested in, but have an effect in the study An independent variable is a stimulus or activity that is manipulated or varied by the researcher to create an effect on the dependent variable In this example, “type of support” is being used to manipulate “surgical patients’ perception of pain and request for analgesics.”

This statement represents what type of hypothesis?

a Complex, directional, research

b Complex, nondirectional, null

c Simple, directional, research

d Simple, nondirectional,

statistical ANS: A

A complex hypothesis predicts the relationship among three or more variables A

research hypothesis that states there is a relationship between two or more variables In this example, the variables are type of support (independent), perception of pain

(dependent), and use of analgesics (dependent) A directional hypothesis states the nature

of the interaction between two or more variables In this example, the direction is

indicated by the prediction “reducing surgical patients’ perception of pain and request for analgesics.”

This hypothesis has more than two variables and is therefore complex There is a

direction (more effective) mentioned, so it is not nondirectional, and it predicts a

difference A complex hypothesis predicts the relationship among three or more

variables

The research hypothesis states that there is a relationship between two or more variables This hypothesis has more than two variables and is therefore complex There is a

direction (more effective) mentioned It is a research hypothesis, as it states that there is

a relationship between two or more variables A complex hypothesis predicts the

relationship among three or more variables

This hypothesis has more than two variables and is therefore complex There is a

direction (more effective) mentioned, so it is not nondirectional, and it predicts a

difference, so it is not the statistical hypothesis A complex hypothesis predicts the

relationship among three or more variables The research hypothesis states that there is

a relationship between two or more variables

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DIF: Cognitive level: Comprehension REF: pp 172-173

19 Which of the following would be considered a demographic

variable? a Heart rate

variables are characteristics or attributes of subjects that are collected to describe

the sample

Pain intensity would not be considered a demographic variable Demographic

variables are characteristics or attributes of subjects that are collected to describe the sample DIF: Cognitive level: Comprehension REF: p 182

20 The statement below is an example of which of the following?

“In this study, pain is reflected as a score between 0 and 10 on the postoperative

pain rating scale.”

of existence of a variable An operational definition is developed so that a variable can

be measured or manipulated in a concrete situation In this example, pain is the sensory impression being measured on a numerical scale

A hypothesis indicates the researcher’s educated guess at what the outcome of the

research will be An associative hypothesis describes a predicted relationship that the researcher develops between the established variables being studied This statement is an operational definition, not a hypothesis

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