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Test Bank for Health The Basics 11th Edition by Donatelle Sample Health: The Basics, 11e Donatelle Chapter 3 Managing Stress and Coping with Life’s Challenges 1 Which of the followi

Test Bank for Health The Basics 11th

Edition by Donatelle Sample

Health: The Basics, 11e (Donatelle)

Chapter 3 Managing Stress and Coping with Life’s Challenges

1) Which of the following is TRUE about stress?

1 A) Stress is only produced by externally imposed factors and is always negative

2 B) Stress is a mental and physical response to real or perceived changes and challenges

3 C) It is possible to eliminate all stressors in our lives if we try hard enough

4 D) Stress does not affect a person’s general health

1 A) the overreactive response

2 B) the stress response

3 C) homeostasis

4 D) hyperventilation

4) All of the following are likely to influence your response to stress EXCEPT

1 A) your past experiences

2 B) your personality

3 C) your friend’s level of stress

4 D) your general health status

Answer: C

Diff: 3 Page Ref: 96

2 B) Losing your job

3 C) The death of a grandparent

Section: What Is Stress?

Learning Outcome: 3.1

7) An example of an event likely to be associated with distress is

1 A) bouncing several checks

2 B) the end of final exam week

3 C) getting the highest score on a difficult exam

8) Peter recently ended a relationship when he found out his partner was cheating

on him This probably caused

9) David woke up in the middle of the night because he smelled smoke This most likely caused him to experience

1 A) insomnia

2 B) the flight-or-fight response

3 C) the adaptation syndrome

4 D) the resistance response

11) Catrina just missed hitting a deer as she was driving along a dark, curving road She felt her racing heart finally slow down after she pulled off the road and took a few deep breaths This is an example of a(n)

13) As Joe prepares to spar with a tae kwon do opponent, his heart rate and

respiration rate increase These are indicators that which branch of the nervous system has been activated?

15) The body’s attempt to restore homeostasis in the aftermath of a stress response

1 A) increasing blood flow to her digestive organs

2 B) increasing the production of insulin

3 C) increasing her heart rate

4 D) decreasing blood flow to her digestive organs

17) The primary hormone responsible for physiological stress responses such as increased heart and breathing rates is

18) The stress hormone cortisol plays a major role during the stress response in

1 A) increasing heart and respiratory rates

2 B) decreasing appetite and thirst

3 C) mobilizing nutrients to meet energy needs

19) Emily is experiencing chronic stress due to a dysfunctional relationship Which

of the following defines the allostatic load Emily is carrying?

1 A) The long-term wear and tear on the body caused by the stress response

2 B) The magnitude of the body’s response to a stressor

3 C) The increased magnitude of a stressor required to cause a response

4 D) The ability of the immune system to respond to assaults

20) Research on stress and body function have found that prolonged stress

1 A) affects the immune response

2 B) increases adaptive energy stores

3 C) increases B cell function

4 D) affects a limited number of body systems

1 A) Excess stress

2 B) Excess exercise

1 A) You purchase a new car when you get your first job offer

2 B) Your grandmother moves in with your family after being hospitalized due to a stroke

3 C) You keep changing the diet, vitamin, and exercise regimen you follow to see faster results

4 D) You have a fairly calm demeanor and life rarely “stresses you out.” Answer: B

Diff: 4 Page Ref: 101

1 A) fewer incidences of cold-related symptoms

2 B) more upper respiratory illness

3 C) less joint pain

27) Jo has been seeing a counselor to discuss her issues with anxiety and

depression, which developed a few months after she moved to a new city for a job Which of the following is the most likely source of her anxiety and

depression?

1 A) Multiple physical factors

2 B) A lack of social support

3 C) A dull daily routine

4 D) An ethical conflict Answer: B

Diff: 2 Page Ref: 101

29) Intimate relationships can cause stress in all the following ways EXCEPT

1 A) excitement and eustress in the early stages of a new relationship

2 B) aspiring to be the best one can be

3 C) decreased appetite and sleep problems due to conflicts

4 D) lowered self-esteem from a destructive relationship

Learning Outcome: 3.5

30) You eat an entire box of cookies the night before you attend a Weight

Watchers meeting This is an example of

1 A) inconsistent goals and behavior

2 B) goals defined by parental expectations

3 C) conflict due to feeling overwhelmed by obligations

4 D) the general adaptation syndrome

1 A) outward conflict

2 B) behavior that is inconsistent with his goals

3 C) a consistent pattern of not eating healthy food

4 D) overload

Answer: B

Diff: 3 Page Ref: 104 Skill:

Applying/Analyzing

Section: What Causes Stress?

Learning Outcome: 3.5

32) Of the following choices, the BEST example of conflict is

1 A) worrying about a tough test

2 B) wanting to go out with friends but needing to study

3 C) too many responsibilities

4 D) experiencing illness due to stress

33) College freshmen living away from home for the first time may face a variety

of conflicts due to differences between their own values and beliefs and those

of

1 A) their professors

2 B) their parents and new people they encounter

3 C) their parents and their long-time friends

4 D) celebrities they admire

Answer: B

Diff: 2 Page Ref: 104

Skill: Understanding

Section: What Causes Stress?

Learning Outcome: 3.5

34) Brian is considered a Type A personality by his friends because of his history

of “road rage” and extreme competitiveness All the following put him at increased risk for cardiovascular disease EXCEPT

1 A) his negative beliefs and hostile attitudes toward others

2 B) bouts of anger ranging from irritation to rage

3 C) his actions that often harm others verbally or physically

4 D) his upbeat, glass-half-full approach to life

4 D) Low self-esteem Answer: A

Diff: 2 Page Ref: 106

Skill: Applying

Section: What Causes Stress?

38) Which of the following BEST describes a Type C personality?

39) Rudy lives behind the train depot in a cheap apartment in a run-down building

He gets quite a few upper respiratory infections, and he suspects that these could be related to mold or toxic substances in the building His recurrent illnesses are likely due to

1 A) a major immune disorder

40) When we are forced to choose between two or more competing desires,

motives, behaviors, or impulses, which process is occurring?

41) Hakim walked into his house one summer day and discovered that the air

conditioning was not working He did not get upset because the last time this happened, he found a great repair company that was fast and affordable; he also had a couple of fans that he used to keep cool until the AC was repaired Hakim did not experience excessive stress because

1 A) his appraisal of the stressor told him he could cope with it

2 B) he had a plan in place due to his last experience with the repair company

3 C) he has low self-esteem and knew he could not fix the AC himself

4 D) he has a Type A personality

42) Which of the following statements BEST describes self-esteem?

1 A) Self-esteem is inherited and can rarely change

2 B) Self-esteem is established during childhood

3 C) Self-esteem has to do with the ability to follow the lead of others

4 D) Self-esteem has to do with one’s confidence and self-satisfaction

1 A) He has the typical Type A personality

2 B) He has a hardy personality

3 C) His personality varies depending on the situation

4 D) He reacts appropriately to all situations

44) One reason why the Type A personality theory has been debated is because

1 A) the early research had serious methodological flaws

2 B) most people have either Type A or Type B personalities

3 C) not all Type A people experience negative health consequences

4 D) most people have either Type C or Type D personalities

1 A) Being time-driven and perfectionistic

2 B) Having a hard-driving approach to tasks and life in general

3 C) Being highly competitive

4 D) Having a tendency toward anger and hostility

1 A) Stress may cause hair to fall out in clumps

2 B) Stress may cause hair to fall out as a result of destroyed hair follicles

3 C) Solutions include improving diet and sleep quality and better managing stress

4 D) Stress-induced hair loss occurs when colonies of hair are pushed into an active phase

47) Cortisol contributes to weight gain by

1 A) increasing testosterone production

2 B) increasing hunger and activating fat storage enzymes

3 C) increasing thirst for sweet beverages

4 D) stimulating cravings for healthy foods such as vegetables

48) To replenish vital energy stores, which of the following would be particularly helpful?

1 A) Getting more sleep and “down time”

2 B) A regimen of intensive daily exercise

3 C) Increasing alcohol intake to promote relaxation

4 D) Broadening one’s social support system

49) Stress management consists of

1 A) finding balance and developing coping strategies

2 B) eliminating all sources of stress

3 C) learning to juggle as many tasks as possible

4 D) firmly controlling reactions to stress

50) To manage stress, the first step is to

1 A) control your emotional responses

2 B) choose to ignore the stressors in your life

3 C) determine which stressors can be reduced or eliminated

4 D) identify and assess the stressors in your life

1 A) using the technique of stress inoculation

2 B) restructuring his thinking patterns

3 C) increasing his level of stress before the test

4 D) using alcohol as a coping mechanism to relax

52) Downshifting refers to the process of

1 A) using meditation to combat the stress response

2 B) taking steps to simplify one’s life

3 C) deliberately completing tasks at a slower pace

4 D) allowing passivity to take over as a result of stress

54) Research has shown that laughter results in all of the following EXCEPT

1 A) decreased stress levels

2 B) increased levels of oxygen in the blood

Section: Managing Stress in College

Learning Outcome: 3.6

55) Which of the following is a useful strategy to prevent explosive anger?

1 A) Have a couple of beers with friends to take your mind off the issue

2 B) Avoid all situations that provoke anger

3 C) Pound on something soft, like a pillow

4 D) Develop realistic expectations of yourself and others

56) All of the following are effective stress management techniques EXCEPT

1 A) deliberately shifting from negative to positive thoughts

2 B) relaxing with a double espresso at your favorite coffee shop

3 C) managing your time well

4 D) joining a friend for a daily lunchtime walk

Learning Outcome: 3.6

57) Exercise reduces stress by

1 A) suppressing endocrine function

2 B) increasing endorphins and reducing levels of stress hormones

3 C) providing a therapeutic way to reduce or eliminate pain

4 D) expanding aerobic capacity

58) Eating healthy foods helps in managing stress because

1 A) they are easier on the digestive system

2 B) a calming effect is usually produced

3 C) they nourish the body and provide stamina for stressful times

4 D) food is comforting and can distract one from problems

1 A) Let your mail pile up and only look at it once a week

2 B) Make a daily list of tasks and prioritize them

3 C) Take a day off even if you have assignments due

4 D) Only clean up clutter when you have enough time to do it right Answer: B

Diff: 3 Page Ref: 112

1 A) There is only one meditation style that is considered effective

2 B) Meditation allows the body to relax while the mind is focused

3 C) Meditation involves some method of calming and focusing the mind

4 D) It usually takes some effort and patience to learn to meditate

2 B) Keeping a journal about good things that happen every day

3 C) Trusting that relationships will simply work themselves out

4 D) Using mind-altering drugs to have a transcendental experience

62) Julia is extremely upset to discover that her spouse is unfaithful when she reads

a suggestive e-mail he sent to another woman Which stage of the general adaptation syndrome applies to this situation?

63) After Julia discovers that her spouse is cheating on her, she decides how to confront him about it Which stage of the general adaptation syndrome applies

65) As part of the stress response, the hormone that makes stored nutrients

available for energy is

67) The part of the brain involved in controlling the body’s overall reaction to stress is the

78) You complete weekly practice tests for three months before you are scheduled

to take the LSAT Which method are you using to manage stress?

Diff: 3 Page Ref: 108

85) Acute stress is significant, long-term stress that can produce negative effects

on multiple body systems

Diff: 1 Page Ref: 104

97) A personality trait characterized by control, commitment, and the willingness

to embrace new challenges is known as psychological hardiness

Diff: 2 Page Ref: 112

consumption of excess calories and the storage of excess fat

Diff: 5 Page Ref: 98, 100

1 Set time limits on technology usage and spend at least as much time in faceto-face interactions with people you care about (You might log time spent in virtual interactions for three days and face-to-face interactions for three days, then compare the two.)

2 Remember that you don’t always have to answer your phone or respond to a text or e-mail immediately (Consider screening contacts and only

responding at certain times, since there is no need to respond immediately in most situations.)

3 Take breaks when working with technology for long periods of time

4 Leave devices at home or turn them off when out with family or friends or

Answer: When people with Type A personalities have a “toxic core” with a

cynical attitude and disproportionate anger, they are considered hostile This

component of Type A increases their risk for CVD

Diff: 3 Page Ref: 106

Answer: Animal studies show that stress hormones released from the adrenal cortex (glucocorticoids) may affect memory In humans, studies have shown a negative effect of stress on short-term memory Other studies, with rats, have linked prolonged exposure to cortisol (a stress hormone) with shrinking of the hippocampus, the brain’s main memory center

Diff: 3 Page Ref: 101

Skill: Understanding

Section: Intellectual Effects of Stress

Learning Outcome: 3.4