12day-hoc-vi-mo-va-van-dung-day-hoc-vi-mo-trong-ren-luyen-ki-nang-day-hoc

CAc cong trinh nghien Cltu nay chu y~u t~p trung vao vi~c nghienCltuvaitr6cua DHVM trong vi~ ren luy~n va nang cao KNDH choSV,GV;dOng thOicOngcho thayynghia Ii lu~ vathl;Jtti~ caociathon

DAY HOC VI - - MO vA vAN - DUNG DAY HOC VI - - - MO

1 D~y hQc vi me (DHVM), v~n dlJng DHVM

ren luy~n ki nang d~y hoc (KNDH)tran the giai

DHVM Iandau tien dllQ'Cnghien CUuva khOiXll6ng

t9iTnrong 89i hoc (8H) Stanford (Hoa Ki) bOigiaosu

D.W.Allen cling c¢ng su la Robert Bush va Kim

Romney (1963), vo; rnuc dich boi dllang giao vien

(GV) motvao ngha motcach cap tac, hi~u qua Nhting

Ii thuyetcoban va DHVM dllQ'Ctrinh bay trong bao

cao tom tAt cua D.W Allen vai ten Microteaching - A

description(1967)(1) VaothOidiem nay,DHVM dllQ'C

djnh nghia "La m<)tsl/thu nho ve'quy m6 kip h9C va

thOi gian giang dEJ.Y'.SL,I"thu nho" nay the hi~na3

khia C9nh:1) Thai gian d9y hQC(DH) cho m¢t bai hQc

vi mo (VM) giam thieu dang ke (khoang 5-7 phut so

vo; 50-60 phut theo cach thOng thllong); 2) SolllQ'ng

hQc sinh (HS)/sinh vien (SV) trong m¢t lOp hQc VM

giam xuong con 3-7 nglloi; 3) Co sL,lgio; h9n va so

IllQ'ngki nang d9y hQc (KNDH) luy~n t~p trong m¢t

bili hQc VM Tili Ii~u nay con trinh bay rat chi tiet h~

thong cac KNDH can ren luy~n, cach thuc ren luy~n

va cach thuc kiem tra, danh gia ket qua ren luy~n

Tiep theo, nhiau nghien cuu va chu da nay da

dllQ'Ctien hanh d¢c I~p t9i Truong 8H Stanford, dien

hinh nhllcong trinh nghien cUu cua Allen va Fortune,

Allen va Eve, J M Cooper, R N Bush, sau do nhanh

chOng Ian toa ra cac trllOng 8H, cao d~ng (C8) dao

t90 (8T) GV tren khAp Hoa Kiva cacnllaC khac Cac

nha nghien cliu duc ket 19i:- M6 hinh DHVM g6m co

4 bll6'c C(1ban: 1) SV /G V tim hieu va cac KN DH dac

bi~tcan ren luy~n; 2) Ap dl,lng kinang (KN) do de n6i/

d9y trong 5-10 phuttrllac 3-7 HS; 3) SV/GV thu nh~n

phan hoi tlt giang vien ho~c nglloi tham gia, coi 19i

d09n bang ghi hinh; 4) Slt dl,lng thon~ tin da co de

xay dL,lng19ike h09ch, d9y 19iva co gang nang cao

KN cua minh tru6'c 1 nhom HS mai; - SI/phatfrie'n

cua khai ni~m DHVM: "DHVM la h~ thong cach thuc

thL,lchilnh dllQ'Ckiem soat Phllang phap nay t~p trung

vao cach thuc giang d9y va luy~n t~p dllrn nhting diau

ki~ndllQ'Ckiem soaf' (Allen va Eve, 1968) hay"DHVM

la m¢t ki thu~t dao t90 giao vien (8TGV), cho phep

GV co the v~n dl,lng cac KNDH trong m¢t bai hQc

(ki 1- 9/2014)

ThS TRLJONGTHANH MAI*

dllQ'cchu8'n b] c8'nth~n trong vong 5-10phUtcho m¢t nhorn nho HS cling vai vi~c quan sat 19idean bang hinh gio giang" R.N.Bush (1968); - L~p ke'hoEJ.chcho

bai h9C vi m6 (BHVM), kha nang ren luy~n KNDH

b~ng DHVM, vi~csltdl,lng thong tin phan hoicua cac thanh vien tham gia,cac giai dean thL,lchi~n kh'Oaren luy~n KNDH b~ng DHVM

Narn 1970, D.W.Allen va James M Cooper da

cong bo tac ph8'm "Microteaching • History and

presentstatus " (2) dac~p [ch sltphattrien cua DHVM

va nhting thanh toca ban cua chung, nhting b~ng chU'ngva hi~u qua U'ngdl,lngcua DHVM trong chllang trinh 8T am¢t so trllong 8H, C8 cua Hoa Ki Trong tac ph8'm nay, Allen va Cooper can chi ra m¢t so nh~n djnh sai lam, cho r~ng DHVM la m¢t qua trinh

"gia vod9y hQc",baitrong thL,lcte cua m¢tgiahQc VM,

SV t~p giang thl/c sl/la m<)tG V t6 ' chtJchOEJ.ta<)ng DH.

8ay la nhting nghien cliu, tili li~umadau coItnghia rat quan trQng,t90 nan tang va mang tinh dinh hllang cho vi~c v~n dl,lng DHVM trong qua trinh 8TGV

Cling a Hoa Ki, nam 1969 nhom nghien cUu O.L.Davis, B.R.Smootcua Truong8H Texasdatien hanh nghien cliu vi~c ren luy~n hanh vi ngon ngti cua

GV trung hQcca sathOng qua vi~c thL,lchanh DH Nhom nghien cUu da thiet ke bai hQc thL,lchanh ren luy~n theo hinh thuc dan gian nhat cua DHVM (cho nglloi d9y coi 19id09n video - tapes minh da thL,lchi~n

de hQtL,lren luy~n, khOng can sL,ltham gia cua ngllOi hllang dan, khOng canItkien phan hoi) Ket qua cho thay, nhOm thL,lcnghi~m hinh thanh KN tot han rat nhiau so vai nhom doi chU'ng(tien hanh theo phllang phap thong thllong) 80ng thai, GV tL,lgiacren luy~n, hoan thi~n them nhting?KN khac ngoai KN Slt dl,lng ngon ngti 8ieu nay khang djnh vai tro tich cL,lccua

vi~c "tl/ nhin lEJ.i minti' trong Ii thuyet DHVM.

Theo thong ke cua Bruce M.Shore (1972), m¢t nha nghien CUu va GD hQCt9i 8H McGiII- Montreal-Quebec (Canada), trong vong 8 nam ketltkhili thuyet DHVM dllQ'CkhOixll6ng, den cuoi nam 1971 dacogan

*Trll'ongO~ihqc$11'ph~m - O~ihqcOil Nang

90 bai bao, saeh va tai lieu

tham khao va DHVM CAc

cong trinh nghien Cltu nay

chu y~u t~p trung vao vi~c

nghienCltuvaitr6cua DHVM

trong vi~ ren luy~n va nang

cao KNDH choSV,GV;dOng

thOicOngcho thayynghia Ii

lu~ vathl;Jtti~ caociathong

tin phan hoi, mo hinh ''VM'',

dcen bang ghi hinh va cac

cong cu h6 trQ'cho vi~c thl/c

hanhgiangd9ytrong DHVM

Khi nghienCltuva qua trinh

giang t~p cua giang vien bQ

L.Goldwatte (1968) nh~n

thay, SV/GV, ngu6i dUQ'cDT

b~ng DHVM cho r~ng:trong

quatrlnhthl;Jthi~ DHVM,can

t90diau ki~n thl/c hi~n nhiau

han 118nd9y 19i,mOithl/c sl/

nang cao duQ'cKN0H

Trong qua trinh nghien

Cltuvaynghia clla Sl/ phan

hoi theoIithuy~t clla DHVM

do Allen khaixUc1ng tren 286

GV, Tuckman va Olivier

(1968) nhan thay: vi~c giang

t~p cua GV vo; sl/ phan hoi

clla giang vien, k~t hqp v6i

vi~c xem 19ido9n bang ghi

hinh detl/danh gia,damang

19ikat quat6tnhAt cho vi~c

rut kinh nghi~m va ran luy~n

KNDH COngtren khia C9nh

phan hoi thong tin,

t6ng kat cac k~t qua diau tra

chuang trinh DTD H ki thu~t

"DHVM thLlO'ng dLlQ'c ap

dllng tren nguyen If m~ch hoi

tie'pde'cung ca'pngay ~p ttJc

phan hOI ve' vi~c giang d~y

cua SV SLI ph~m trong m9t

moi tnlang d~n giarl' (3).

Hinh 1 cec buo: Mn hanh DHVM theo D.W.Allen

Hinh 2 Ouy trinh v?n dl.,mgDHVM cua V.K.Macheshwari

1 Llfcl chQ n ki nang 2.L~pk~hOQ.Chd4y hQc

)

3 Dl!-Y

J

6 Dl!-yl~

~':!~

( -~~ da hoc

7 Ph8ntichl~ g Y

5 ~ ~ k~ hOlJ.ch )d nang

dl}.yhQc

4 Ph8n tich ki n8ng

Hinh 3.MD hinh Ihl/c hi~n bai DHVM cua B.C.Mondal

Kallenbanch (1967) khi tien hanh dQCI~p nghien

clru vetinh hi~ quacua DHVM, kethQPvo;Gall (1969) ,

ma hinh nghien clru c6so sanh gifra nh6m thl/C nghi~

(DHVM theo ma hinh 10 giO'/1tuan, trong 5 tuan) va

nh6m doi chLlilg (theo phvong phap truyan thong) dau

dva ra nhCmg thOng sochLlilg minh r~ng: DHVM thl/C

chat khang dat hieu qua cao nhir ~h6m nghie,n Clru

cua TrvO'ng£)H Stanford dua ra £)ieu nay it nhieu gay

ra sl/hoai nghi ve tinh hi~u qua cua DHVM Tuy nhien,

theo nh~n djnh va phan tich cua Dane Manis, giao sv

nghien Clru ve khoa hQc sV ph~m cua TrvO'ng DH

Washington (Hoa Ki) cho thay, sl/ khang nhat quan

theotinhthanDHVM trong nQhiencw CllaKallenbanch:

m~c du Kallenbanch cho rang da SLrdl,mg dung ma

hinh cua Allen dva ra, nhvng thl/C chat ang I~i tien

hanh tren doi tVQ'l1gG V tie''uh9C,trong khi cua Allen la

G Vtrungh9CVatie'nhanh (en /uy~nnhieuKN 1/uc(KN

chu§n bj bai d~y, thuyet trinh, giao tiep vo; HS) Ma

hinh 6 bvac (xem hinh 1)do Allen dva ra da dvQ'cLIiIg

dl,JngrQngrai trong thOigjan lau dai

Sau d6, nh6m nghien Clrucua £>HUlster(Anh) de

xuat ma hinh 3 giai do~n gom: I~p keh9~ch, d~y va

nh~n xet Va sau, V K.Macheshwari (An DQ) da de

xuat ma hinh 10 bvO'c (thl/C chat la sl/tri~n khai mQt

cach Cl,lth~tti rna hinh 6 bvac cua Allen) gom:Djnh

hvang, thao lu~n va cac KNDH; gi6i thi~u bai giang

mAu co chua dlfng KNDH quan tam; I~p ke ho~ch

cho baihQc VM;thietkeho~tdQng DHVM; kich thich

t~o dieu ki$n (SV cung nhom thl/c sl/d6ng vaitro HS);

giang d~y; nh~n xet; cho y kien phan hoi (ban viet);

thao lu~n va phan tich Ma hinh noi tren co th~ dting

saubuaccuoi cung ho~c tiep tl,lCtuy vao ket qua thl/C

hi~n cua SV Chuong trinh ren luy~n dvQ'cthl/c hi~n

theo quy trinh sau (hinh 2).

Hau het cac rna hinh DHVM deu bi~u thi theo

d~ng hinh tron, nhvng rna hinh dj1Q'Cde xuat'trong

baigiang cua tien siB.C.Mondal (An DQ)I~igom co 8

bvO'c,bi~u di~n theo hinh xoay tron oc (xem hinh 3),

dieu naycho thay sl/marQng hon vetien trinh DHVM

Ngoai ra, Agnes Higgins and Honor Nicholl (2003)

qua cong trinh nghien cuu cua minh da dVa ra rat

nhieu 100ikhuyen cho vi~c SLrdl,lng DHVM vao qua

trinh ren luy~n KNDH: 1) SV can phai hi~u DHVM la

gi, tim hi~u nhting kinh nghi~m giang t~p theo mo

hinh DHVM; 2) SV phai dvQ'c hi~u ra ve chuc nang,

nhting van de chinh cua DHVM, gia trj cua vi~c ghi

hi~h; 3) SV phai dvQ'ccung cap kien thuc, KN phan

hOi d~ tranh tinh tr~ng phan hoi tieu cl/c trong lap

hQCVM; 4) Phan hoi cua cacsvtrong nhom nen St.f

dl,lng banviet d~ ngvO'id~y co th~ tim hi~u ki hon; 5)

Giang vian thl/c hi~n chien IvQ'cDHVM phai la ngvO'i

co nhieu kinh nghi~m thirc ti~n trong DH, co trinh dQ

Ii luan cao

Trong ket qua nghien cuu (en /uy~n giQng noi

cua B.Timmermans, Y Vovelier ,vi~c van dl,lng DHVM co hieu qua khOng qua chenh I~chgitia nh6m thuc nghi~m va nhorn doi chung, nhvng qua dean bang ghi hinh, SV ythuc duQ'cvaltro cuagiQngnoi

trong giang day va co g~ng ren luy~n Dong thai, ket

qua con chi ra di~m khac bi~t gitia qua trinh (en

/uy~n giQng noigitia nam SVva nO SV, trong do,

nhom SV nti co ket qua ren luy~n tot hon Ngoai ra, ket qua con cho thay,vi~c v~n dl,lng DHVM gian tiep (SV tl/ thl/c hi~n khong co giang vien) cling dem I~i hi~u qua tich cl/c

Xu hVc1ngnghien Clruvatiep c~n DHVM khac dang dvQ'ctri~n khaianhieunuactran the giO;.Di~n hinh la nghien Clrucua Tezcan Kartel, Nurhan Ozturk,Gulay Ekici (ThO'Nhi Ki,2012),cua Maria Lorelei Femandez (2009) vevi~c GV tvong lai hQCcai gi, hQCnhvthe nao doi v6'ibai hQc.Nghien ClruDHVM t?i Nh~t Ban, da de xuathinh thuc kethQPgifraDHVM vo;nghienClrutruOng hQP.Tac gia da tien h8nh so sanh cac hinh thuc hQCt~ theo ki~u bai hQctruyen thong, DHVM va Sl/ ket hQP DHVM v6i nghien cUu truO'nghQP.Ket qua cho thay, vi~ v~n dl,lnghinh thuc ket hQPtrong ren luy~n KNDH cho SV dem I?iket qua kha quan, SV nh~n thay dvQ'C tam quan trQngcua vi~c remluy~n KN truO'ckhi bvac vao ho?t dQngnghe nghi~p, tang dvQ'ckha nang hQP tac va trao dO'icung tien bQ.Tuy tinh hinh thl/c ti~n, nhom nghien cUucua Yasemin GodekAnuk (ThO'Nhi Ki-2012)cho thay,vaitrocUavi~ SLrdl,Jngnhung phvong ti~n nghe nhin d~ trinh chieu I?i cac do?n bang giO' giang t~pcua cac SV khac d~ nhom SV dang t~p giang

co th~ xem, thao lu~n va tl/ rut kinh nghi~m, da gOp phan xac djnh tinh dung d~n cua DHVM doi v6'iSV sv ph~m bQmon khoa hQC

Nhting ketqua nghien cuu tren cho thay, DHVM khOng chi dvQ'cv~n dl,lng nhieuacac nvac tien tien nhv cac nvac thuQc chau Au, chau Mi rna no con da

va dang dVQ'ctMn khai Qhieuacac nvac khac dieu ki~n kho khan hon nhv An DQ, ThO'NhiKi MQtdieu dang Ivu ykhacla, vi~cv~n dl,lng DHVM trongDTGV

co the dVQ'Cthay doi mQt cach uy~n chuy~n, linh dQng cho phu hQ'pvO'itinh hinh thl/c ti~n cua tung quoc gia, tung 10?ihinh DT, tting d~c diem cua mon d?y d~cthu

2 DHVM, v~n d~ng DHVM trong ren luy~n KNDH aVietNam? •

oVi~t Nam, DHVM la mQtvan de con kha mai,

T~ p c hi Giao dye so 34113 1

nhllng da dan thu hut diroo su quan tam cua giai

chuyen mono cac nghien cuu v~n dl;lng DHVM trong

renluy~n KNDH cho SVcactruang supharn mai chi

duoc b~tdau trien khai khoang gilia nhling narn 2000.

Tuy nhlen, qua cactai Ii~u thu th~p duoc, chung toi

nhan thay, chu yeucactao gia nghien cuu vaviecvan

dl;lng mo hinh co s~n theo Ii thuyet cua DHVM vao

qua trlnh ren luy~n KNDH cho SV, chlla co nhling

cong trlnh nghien Cltutrien khaithl/c hi~n DHVM tren

quy mo lan, hay sl/thay d6i mo hlnh cu thanh nhling

mo hlnh mai phu hqp hon vaithl/cti~n GD Vi~t Nam

Trong nghien cuu cua Phung Nhll Thuy (2006)

va vi~c "Siidl,mg kJthu~tDHVM nh~m nang cao hi~u

quabOtdLl6ng G V' da dlla ra nh~n dinh: Kithu~t

DHVM la mQt trong nhling cong cl;l hliu ich, nh~m

giup chovi~c b6idll6'ng GV cohi~u qua, dolaph1l0ng

phap cho phep lap day khoang trong gilia £)TIithuyet

va nhl1ngkhokhan thl/ctekhigiang d~y DHVM cho

phep tinh giam nhling ho~t dQng khOng hi~u qua de

mang I~ithanh cong cho tiet d~y, la mQt kithu~t DH

phu hQ'Pv6'ivi~c b6i dll6'ng GV m6'i ra trllang

£)61vOivi~ ren luy~n KNDH Cl;lthe cua tlmg mon

hQC,khoa£)iaIiTruOng£)HSPHaNQidaconhling thanh

cang bllac dau khisvdl;lng phlldng phap DHVM trong

cac tietthl/Chanh PPDH cho SV (m¢t so bai bao khoa

hQCcua£)~g Van £)Crc, Tran ThiThanh ThUydang tren

t~ chiTruOng£)HSP, dec@vaitro,cach thCrcv~ndl;lng

DHVM vaovi~£)TSV sllph~m £)iaIichaiIllqng caova

cactiatthl/Chanh PPDH amCrc dQghi hlnh vadanh gia

giad~y) Vi~ tnen khai bOidll6ng GV nh~m nang cao

nang Il/c DH tich Cl/ctren khuan kh6 cua dl/an Vi~t- Bi

trong£)TGV(2006)cung daap dl;lngDHVM, bll6'cdau

thu dllQ'Cnhling kat qua kha quan

Cang trinh nghien Cltu cua Hoang Thanh Thuy

ve vi~c ap dlJng DHVM trong DH bQman U lu~n va

PPDH Tam Ii hqc da cho thay, day la hinh thuc ren

luy~n KN nghe co hi~u qua cho SV £)HSP Nghien

cCrucua tac giacho thay, DHVM dl/a tren nhling thanh

tl/U nghien Cltu tam Ii hQcva DH Chlldng trlnh hoa,

dllCYcd~c trllng bai nhling dau hi~u nhll: hanh dQng

ca nhan; sl/ I~p I~i;sl/ d¢ng vien; Sl/ cung co; m¢t Sl/

tien trien dan trong hQct~p; sl/ chuyen giao; hQct~p

ca the hoa.Tac gia da tien hanh cho SV ren luy~n12

KNDH khac nhau (tll the tac phong chling ch~c, tl/

tin; trinh bay bang; di~n d9t Illu loat, ngan ngli d~

hieu; dinh hllang neu van de; SLtdl;lng phlldng ti~n

DH hQ'PIi;d~tcau hoi; sLtdl;lngvi dl;l;tom Illqtcac 'Iva

chuyen tiep;tich cl/c hoa ngllai hQC;kiem soat mUCd¢

tiap thu va dieu chinh; phan bo thai gian); SLtdl;lng

PPDH vai quy trinh g6m 3 bllac: 1) Chu~n bi, bao

321 T,p chi Giao dye so 341

gam vi~csvtl/nghien cuutai li~u,huang d~n Iithuyet, xem trich dean day m~u va soan giao an; 2)Thuc

hanh, SV t~p day va ghi hlnh Ian 1 - nhan xet danh gia Ian1;3) D~ylaiIan 2 cophan hoi Ket qua 100% SV rat hung thuvatich eiretham gia

Trong nghien cuu ve "Sii dl,mg phLl~ng phap

DHVM dinang cao nang luc eu pbem cho GV' tac

giaThieu HuyThu~tdaquan ni~m:"DHVM laPPDH

ma trong do tinhphtic t~pcLiavi~cgiang d~y t~inht1ng phong hQcbinh fhLf6'ngdLfqcd~n gian hoa, hay no dLlqcvi nhLfmQth~ thong nhtJngho~t dQngthl/c hanh theo nht1ngKN giBng d~y co tfnh xac djnh dLlqcgiam sat, danh gia va co Sl/ quan If (4) Tac gia cung de

xuat quy trlnh b6i 91l6'ng GV thea D~VM, nhll: - T6 chuc de cho GV tiep c~n cung nhll nam bat dllCYCnQi dung, cach thuc tien hanh thl/C nghi~m; - T6 chuc de

GV tiep c~n, n~m b~t quy trlnh DHVM; - T6 chuc de mQi GV n~m b~t ducyccach thuc va thang danh gia nang Il/c Sll ph9m; - T6 chuc de GV tien hanh DH trich do~n theo PP DHVM Ketqua thl/c nghi~m cho thay, GV deu tl/ nhln nh~n, cung nhll tl/ danh gia dllCYcnang Il/c Sll ph~m cua minh, tv do chu d¢ng, tich cl/c trong vi~c dieu chinh

Trong cuon sach viet va fJoI m6i PPDH, chLl~ng

trinh va sach giao khoa, tac gia Tran Ba Hoanh da

cho thay, DHVM la mQt phlldng phap lay ngllai hQc lam trung tam Neu cdsa£)T co du phllong ti~n nhll camera, dau may video, TV, man hlnh chieu thl DHVM satrathanh phllong thuc tl/~T theo nhu cau vakhanang cuaSV Tacgiacung khangdinh, DHVM

sa giup cho SV hlnh thanh, phat trien cac nang Il/c nghe nghi~p m¢t cach tuan tl/, vling ch~c, chu~n bi cho hQ co the dlldng dau vai thl/c te lap hQCkhi ra trlfang Tuy nhien, tac gia cung nhan m9nh, trong DHVM can de phong khuynh hllang r~p khuan, may mOe,chia c~tqua trlnh ren luy~n nang Il/c ngha nghi~p thanh nhling manh vl;ln rai r9c flay chinh la nhling gqi 'I de nghien cuu phlldng hllang kh~c phl;lC.Gan day nhatlaketquanghien Cltuvavi~c ren luy~nKNDH cho SV sll ph9m £)iaIib~ng DHVM (Iu~n an tien si cua Tran Thi Thanh Thuy,(2013). Tac giada dexuat

khai ni~m "DHVM la mQtphLl~ngphap fJTGV, trong

do m6i SV se t~p trung v~n dl,mgmQt ho~c mQt vai KNDH de'thl/c hi~nmqtbai hqc VM trong khoang th&i gian ngin cho mqt nhom nho HS' £>6ngthO'i,tac gia

cung de xuat quy trlnh ren luy~n tich hQ'Pqua nhieu man hQclien quan denIilu~nva PPDH t9ikhoa £)iaIi,

Trlloog £)HSP Ha N¢i, chia lam ba giaido9n: 1) Cung cap dinh hllang chung; 2) Ren luy~n KN ddn Ie; 3) Ren luy~n kat hqp nhieu KN

(ki 1-9/2014)

NhLlV~y, theo chung tei "DHVM la mQt each tiep

can DH chuonq trlnh h6a, tron~ d6 qua trlnh ran

luy~n KNDH duoc chia nho de thuc hi~n v,a trai

nghi~m theng qua phLlO'ng ti~n nghe nhln, ket hop

vai suphan hoi tich cue ciia cac tnanh vien t~am gia

nham hlnh lhanh , phat tri~n nang hrc nghe nghi~p

cho SV hoac GV".

3 Tren ~O'sat6ng quan tai li~u va DHVM da thl{C

hi~n trong rnroc va the giai, chung tei rut ~a mot s6

nhan xet sau: - DHVM la mQt khal ni~m rat rQng, c6

th~' ducc phat bi~u tren phuonq di~n tiep c~n hinh

thirc , nQidung hay muc tieu Tuy rat da danq, nhLlng

kheng c6 sumau thu~n nhau Lithuyet cua DHVM

do D.w Allen va cQng slf dua ra, cung nhling d~ng

bien doi cua no deu de c~p den hai van de quan trQng

lien quan m~tthietden vi~c ran luy~n KNDH cua SVI

hOItich CL/Ccva cac thanh vifm tham gia (bao gam

nhieu hLlangnghien cU'u,v~n dl,lngDHVM trong vi~c

ran luy~n KNDH va hinh thanh, phat tri~n nang Ilfc

nghe nghi~p cho SV Tu cho thlfc hi~n r~p khuen

theo Iithuyetban dau do nh6m nghien cw cua TrLlO'ng

doi n6 mQtcach linh ho~t, uy~n chuy~n cho phu hQ'p

vai tinh hinh thlfc ti~n cua CO'sa£)T; - DHVM khOng

rieng Ie nhLlIi thuyet ban dau dLla ra ma co th~ v~n

dl,lngd~ ran luy~n ket hQ'pnhieu KNDH cho phu hQ'p

v6i nhu cau, kha nang, chvO'ng trlnh DH bQ men;

- DHVM kheng chi dLlq'Cthlfc hi~n vai day du cac

dl,lngkhiv~ng m~t GV hLlangdAn,nh~m tang cV6'ng

kha nang tlf hQc,tlf ran luy~n va ran luy~n suot dOicua

tin chihi~n nay; - C6 th~ tich hQ'pqua trinh v~n dl,lng

giam tai ganh n~ng hinh thanh va phat trien nang Ilfc

Sinh h9C £)ong th6'i,slf tich hQ'pran luy~n nay giup

(I) D W Allen Microteaching - A description ,

Stanford Teacher Education Program, ERIC, 1967.

(2) D W Allen, J M Cooper Microteaching - History

and present status, ERIC publisher, 1970.

(3) W R McAleese v a D A Unwin A sele c tive survey

of microteaching Progammed Learning and

Educational Teachnology , Britain 1972.

(4) Thieu Huy Thu~t "Si'r dl)ng phuong phap dc;tyhQc

vi m6 de n ang cao nang h,rc su phc;tmcho gh lo vien".

T(J.pchi G id o d flC , s6 242 ki 21712014.

(ki 1-9/2014)

Tal lieu tham khao

1 Da~e Manis A n e xa mination of th e research on th e

eff ect i ve ness of mi c roteaching a s a t e ach e r training

2 M J Lakshm i (2009), Microteaching and proepective te a chers , Discovery publishing Ho~se ,

Ind i a (w ww.a m a zon comlMicrote ac hin g -Prospectt v e-Teachers .I )

3 O L Da v i s, B R Smoot Effec t s on the Verbal

T e a c hin g b e h vi o urs of B eg innin g Secondar y

T e a c h e r candidates ' Part i cipation in a Program of Labor a tory T e a c hin g, Am e rican educational Research

A s sociati o , Los An geles, Feb 7/1969

4 Bruce M Shore (1972) , Microteaching - A Brief Review

5 Tuckman , B W & Olivier, W E Effectiveness of feedback to t e c hers a s a function of course, Journal

of Educational Psychology, 1968,59,277-301, 1968.

6 B Timmermans , Y Vovelier Voice training in teacher education: The effect of adding an ,

individualized microteaching sesion of 30 minutes

to th e regular 6-hour voice training program, Bi 2011.

7 Dwight W Allen , Wei pin g Wang - Microteaching-The New Mi c roteaching : Simplified , Variants of Microteaching , Microteach i ng Models of Teaching Skills , Mi c roteaching Courses.

8.Tezcan K a rtel , Nurhan Ozturk , Gulay Ekici Developing pedagigical content knowledge in preservice s c ience te a chers through microteaching lesson study, Turk e y, ELSEVIER, 201 2.

9 Maria Lorelei Fernandez Investigating how and what prospective t e achers lear through microteaching lesson

s t ud y, Teach i ng and Education, Elsevier, USA 2009.

10 Yasemin Godek Altuk, Volkan Hasan Kaya , Bilber Bahceci A study on developing "microteaching scale" for student teachers, Elsevier, Turkey , 2012.

11 Phung Nhu Thl)y "Si'r dl)ng ki thu~t dc;tyhQc vi m6 nh ~ m nang cao hi~u qua b6i duang giao vien"

T(J.pchi G i do d fl C s6 139ki 1-6/2006.

12 D~ng V a n Duc "Si'r dl)ng phuong phap dc;tyhQc

vi m6 trong cac tiet thl)'c h~mh phuong phap giang dc;tycho sinh vi en khoa Dja Ii - TruUng Dc;tihQc su

phc;tmHa N O i " Tc;tpchi Khoa h9C Dc;tihQc su phc;tm,

s63/2006.

13 Tr a n Thj Thanh Thuy "Sl'r dl)ng phuong phap dc;tyhQc vi m6 trong cac t i et thl)'c h~mh phuong phap giang dc;tycho sinh vien Khoa Dja IiTruangDc;tihQc

su phc;t mHa N¢i Tc;tpch iKhoa h9C D(J.ih9C su ph(J.m,

s 6 4/2006

14 Hoang Thanh Thuy " A.p dl)ng dc;tyhQc vi m6 trong dc;tyhQc bO m6n Phuong phap dc;tyhQc Tam Ii hQc - MOt hinh thuc ren luy~n ki nang nghe co hi~u qua cao cho sinh vi en dc;tihQc su phc;tm".T(J.pchi Gido dflC ,s6241 (ki 1-7/2010).

SUMMARY

Author depth analysis ofresearch on micro

the wo r ld and in Vietnam On th i s basis the author