mAp KD DuA HOC lAP CUA HOC SINHong aanh gla DG k6t qua hec IQp KQHn cuo hQCsinh HS hl~n nay, khau KT, DG thoong bQc IQ mQt s6 hQn ch6 nhe: nQI dung DG thl6u tinh toan dl~n, cong cu oanh
Trang 1IHln HI vA 8ft DUNG NHONG CONG CU IUU mAp KD DuA HOC lAP CUA HOC SINH
ong aanh gla (DG) k6t qua hec IQp (KQHn
cuo hQCsinh (HS) hl~n nay, khau KT, DG
thoong bQc IQ mQt s6 hQn ch6 nhe: nQI dung
DG thl6u tinh toan dl~n, cong cu oanh gla
(CCDG) khong g6p ph6n tQO ro Slf phon 10QI
tich ClfCHS, vl~c DG khong kip thai giup HS slio
chao nhang sal phorn rna cec em mOc phol,
vl~c sli dvng k6t qud DG con hen ch6, Trong
khan Ian 10glao vlen (GV) chtJOc6 cac cong cv
c6 th6 sli dvng 06 thu thQp ch6ng c6 lam co sO
cho vl~c ro quy6t oinh DG Chinh vi th6, nhang
col trQng va nhQn oinh oung
CCDG 10cac phoong tl~n Ol1Qcsli dVng trong
su6t qua trinh dQy va hQCnhom dQt Ol1Qccac
mvc orch DG Trnh nang co bon cuo CCDG 10thu
thQPth6ng tin 06 cung cap cho GV va HS trong
Theo Gronlund (1998) va linn & Gronlund
trong glao dvc it nhat phdl dam boo cac ~u cau
sou: - C6 coe khal nl~m ro rang v~ k6t qua hQCtQp
dlf otnh DG; - CCDG phdl aap 6ng oUQCmvc Heu
IOQItn1 nhUQC016mcuo tlmg dQng th6c 06; - C6c
o!nh 00 luOng, v6i c6c thong Hnd" otnh phon hal
- Quy trinh DG phdl cOngbOng v6i nlQi HS; - C6
c6c tieu chi cv th6 06 phon tich, Ii giol cae k6t qud
HS, nhein mQnh nhang 016mmQnhe6n phat huy
hai ean nhonh ch6ng, cv th6, chi ro nhang cMm
boo coo cuo nha truOng
2 Cdc IOQIe6ng ell aanh gla
hanh, phllu tv 00,,,. 06 GV va HS cung thorn glo thu th¢p thong tin v~ ch6ng c6 thanh trch hoc t¢p cuo ngool hQC.Toong 6ng val nhOng phtJong phap DG khac nhou, GV va HS c6 thg sli dvng nhOng CCDG oQc trtJng 06 ghl IQI KQHT va ren luy~n cuo ngool hQc.Cac phoong phap DG boo
HS, cho GV, cho ghl chep nhang s" vl~ thuOng
cv: Phl6u kl6m ke, Phl6uTNKQ, Thong x6p hQng
- Thl/chanh(Cong cv: Ph,'u th"c hanh hQn ch6,
bQn hQc); - Tv DG (Cong cv: Ph,'u tro 101ngOn,
Thong x6p hQng, Phl6u kl6m ke Th"c hl~n: HS);
- 00 cl6ng clang(C6ng cv: PhI6u tro lot ngOn, Thong x6p hQng, Phl6u ki&n ke ThlfC hl~: bQn
huynh HS(Coog cv: Phl6utrolotngOn,Thong x6p hQng, Phl6u kl&n ke ThlfChl~: PhI,'huynh HS)
3 Cae booe thli't kA' eoog ell, boo gam: 7}Xac cl!nhnhgn xet, cl61chl6u vel chudn lelln thVc,leTnangrna HS phdl dQt Ol1QC6ng val nh¢n
xet ; 06 tV 06 xac olnh nQIdung c6n DG; 2} Lva
ch9n congCIIcli DO(vl~ 1110ehQnCCOO phal d"o tren vl~ tro 101nhang eau hoi sou: + Thu
+ Thu thQP khi nao?; + Alia ngool thu th¢p?)
_ -. -~
Trang 2xem xet IOQicong cy nao 10 hl~u qua nhat trong
vl~ thu thQP ch(mg cvoa olnh; c6n tQOnen sll
nham chan cue HS; c6n ph61 hqp cdc cong cy
nee o~ thu oU'Qcthong tin oang tin cQY nhat;
3) Xay dvng congCI,Itheeyeu cduc/dxac c/jnh;
4) Thvc ngh/~m, kldm chvng cong CI,I c/d c/ugc
thitt k6,.5)£)/~uchinh, Iva chc;mva c/va vao ngan
hang dii II~u00.
(TN&XH 3) Cy th~ nhl1 sou:
BOng 7 C6ng ell eho ehVng ev 7
HQ v~ t~n:
• Hay I1i6n vao chO chAm 1 cay c6 cling lo~i vCJicay I1a cho Sau 116. 6 n itimcay (oot Bl vCJi Io~i than (C¢t A) va k1i ich tlJClnQ ling (c¢t C) A.L~lthAn 8· nn ely C • Lqllch cua thin ely ThAn gO PhUQng vi Lilm th(lc An
ThAnthSo CAyth6ng, LAYnh\la
Blng6,
Bang 2 C6ng ell eho ehVng ev 2 HQva t~n: PHI~UTHVC HANH • Hay xac I1inh va ghi t~n.lQi ich clia cay vao chO ( ) va dung dAu (v) '" ~nh dAu Ioai r6 tutmQ Un vCJitUng cav TT ~A RAchUm RACQC RAphl,l RAcU LQI ich cUecAy T6ncA 1
2
3
4
Bang 3 C6ng ellcooehVng ev 3 (M6u phldu quan sat vaM6u phliu tv DG) Mlu phliu qu Ht· Nt$! xet~ bO SlAJ ~p cue:
• Oicmingtmdlholnlhlr/l (~tbJtbhmg) ~sw*, ~'U, hoB, ~ v; khB flingphIn ~ ale tnmh 8nh Ihu ~ dl1l/C: RAtt6t TOt I I ru;Jc ChuadlJ;1C • V; cSch {XII lin: £lAyducAe tiM ChuadAydu COOsai • V; ~ Ivr;tnghimtrong bI' swI~: RAt nhiAu NhiAu Binh ItlJOng it T · v; cSch trinh My: RAt hAp din HApdin T &.It Chua~t NfI4n XIII chung:
Miu phliu tl! £)G (Checklist) T.n:
Hay xem 1,1 b~ suu t~p cUa em vlll dllmh diu (x) vlllo muc d~ mill
minh d;!! !hllC hi.n:
ClIc U.u chi £)G tOt tOt
1 £lAy du cAc chu dA (Ill, hoa, Qual
2 ClIch aoit.n
3 ClIch lrinh bay (sach deo)
4 ClIch pMn loel cllc mAu thu tMp
,
Tich CllC trona thu tMp mAu.
5
dQng va phong phu cue thllC vQt ; chvc nang cue
ri, than, la, hoo, qua 06i vol aal s6ng cue cOy
con ngool; - D6i chl6u vol chueinkl6n thvc kTnang oQt oU'Qc,co th~ xec olnh nQIdung can DG g5m
3 chlfng Clf sou: + ChU'ng cv 1: K~h) 3-5 cOy thon g6, thon thoo va neu cong dyng cue nh\ing
ri CQC,ri chum, ri phy hoQc 1001cOyco rl dung
Ol1qcmQt sala cOy, hoo, qua thee mau sac hoQc hlnh dQng, krch thlJ6c hoQc gla trj sli dyng
82: Lva eh9n eong ell ad 00:
- £)61vol chvng Clf 1:NQI dung yeu cau dllQ'c
00 10«k6 ten va neu cong dyng cua cOy" Yeu cau nay thlen v~ h'nhVllC kl6n thvc NhlJ oa gl61
hqp nhat N~u sUod"ng CCOO bang quen sat hoQc bang thllc hanh thl chu y6u 00 OllQ'CkT
05ng 06ng hoQc k~t hqp cac IllC IlJqng gloo
qua VI vQY,chung tol thu thQPchvng cv 1 bang CCOO trac nghl~m (+ Die oi~m tl6n hanh: tQI lop; + thai gien ti6n hanh: hOQtoQng cung c6
chvng ev 2:NQI dung yeu cau Ol1qc00 10«kho nang phon IOQiva xac olnh cac IOQIrl thee cau tQo hoQc thee cong dyng" Vol nQI dung 00 nay, GV khong chi 00 v~ mQt kl~n thvc rna con
00, cong cy co th6 sUodyng hl~u qua 10: quan sat hoQc thllC hanh D6 tQo nen hvng thu hOQt oQng va giup HS khac sou bai hQc, thllc hanh voi cac mau vQt thQt 10phl1ang phop chl6m Iqi th~ VQY, chQn cong cy 00 thllc hanh (+ Die
NQI dung yeu cau oU'Qc00 10 «ki nang phon IOQlla, hoo, qua" 00 bang thllC hanh oa olJqc
thvc nay trong nhQn xet 7 D6 tranh nham chan
dyng phl1ang phap quen sat 06 00 san pheim:
cQnh 00, 06 HS co th6 00 bQ SIJUtQPcue minh,
~ T~'~P~C_hi_G_la_O_d~u_C_so_~_2_8_7_(_k_.1_._6_n_O 12)
Trang 3c6n co them cong cu hi OG (+ Dia di!m ti~n
hanh: tQi lap; + Thai gian ti~n hanh: O"on dllQc
trong m6i ti~t hoc (sau hoet dQng tim hi!u v~:
10,hoa, qua); + Nglloi thl/c hi~n: GV va HS)
aJnh.Cong cv cho chUngcu-1, chUngcu-2, chUng
84: Th"c nghl~m, kl~mchUngcong cv da aUQC
thl6t k6
hang dii h~u 00
4 Cac bu6c su dyng cang cy
Sau khl CCOG aU'Q'cxOy dlfn9, GV sUodvng
chonh(m xet 7):
cu-va vl~ cv th~ h6a mvc tieu ao trong rung cong
trek nghl~m,phl~ thvc hanh hQnch~, phl~u quan
82: Ti6n hanh thu thgp thong tin thong qua
cac cong CII 00. GV su-dVng cac phl~u 00 da
allQc thi6t k6 a~ thu thQP thong tin vao nhiing
tho! ai~m khac nhau theo huang ddn da aU'Q'c
khI HS tiin trinh bay san ph6m da sw tam tru6c
nay la GV thu aU'Q'ccac chu-ngcu-dl16l dQngcac
83: T6ng hqp k6t qua thu avqc va ava ra
quye'tainh (k6t luQn).Sau khl thu
thQPchu-ngcu-bang phl~u, GV ti6n hanh xu If thong tin tren
cac chu-ng cu-thu thQp aU'Q'c:- Vol m61ch6ng
CU-, n6u HS th"c hl~n dU'Q'c2/3 yeu cau thi co
th~ cheip nhQn rang HS aa aQt
aU'Q'cchu-ngcu-ao (chang hQnvol ch6ng c6 1, HS aa th"c hl~n
dU'Q'c2/3 yeu cau cua phl6u trOc nghl~m thi HS
ao da aQt aU'Q'c1 ch6ng cu-);- N6u HS aQtallQc
tat ca cac chu-ngcu-(ca 3 chu-ngcu-trong nhQn
xet 7), thi HS ao aU'Q'caanh deiu (v) vao trong
s6 theo dol; - Ben cQnh ao, sau khl xU-If thong
tin, GV djng phal chi ra allQc nhiing ai~u HS
da lam aU'Q'ccijng nhll nhiing di~u HS can ca
ggng hoon thl~n
84: UiyYkl6n phan h6i.Trong qua trinh 00 theo xu huang nay, GV rat dU'Q'ckhuy~n khrch vl~ thu thQPthong tin ngay tQich6 va di~u chinh kip thai nhiing thong tin thu thQPdllQc cua m6i
HS ngay tQi thai al!m do Trong phcm vi cua
(hoQc gio sinh hoct lap), sau khl HS aa hoon
lop 3 Ti6p xuc trlfc ti6p giiia GV va HS la ai~u
cua minh
• • •
00 bang nhQnxet la mQthinh th6c 00 chu-a a'l"g tfnh nhan van sOusOc.Tuy nhlen GV con sQp kho khan trong vl~ thu thQPchUng cu-a~ alia ra quy6t ainh v~ KQHT cua HS Nham glup
cac man hQC6 tl~u hQc,GV can phal co nhiing hl~u blit nhata!nh v~ h~ thang c6c phuong phap, cac cong cv su-dvng trong qua trinh 00; bl6t cach xOyd'l"g cac cong cv cho phI) hqp vol mvc tleu, dl~u kl~n cv th~ va bl6t cach su-dvng chung trong qua trinh 00 k6t qua hQCtQP.Cac phuong
qua hQc tQP cac man hQCgam: quan sat, vein
d&ng, 00 cua phv huynh Chung tOlaa a~ xueit
cho mQtnhQnxet K6t qua th"c nghl~m ban aau tQl cac tru'Ongtl~u hQCDoon Th! DI~m (Ha NQI)
va Tran Qu5c Todn (Tam Ky - Quang Nam) aa khang d!nh tfnh kha thi cua chung Tuynhlen, aOy chi la nhiing mdu vf dl,l glup GV tham khao va th"c hl~n theo Sau khl xoy d'l"g aUQccac cong
cv cho m61nhQnxet, GV cOngco th~ Iw glii no lam mQtphan trong ha so glang dQYcua mlnh
Tal li~u tham khao
1.D\I' an pMt trien Giao dl,lc THCS, M~t sd vd'nd~
chung v~ danh gia chd't lZt{mggiao d(lc phd tMng,
H.2006.
2 Geofrey Petty Dn h9C ngay nay. NXB Stanley Thomes, Vl.IUllgqu6c Anh, 2002.
3 James H McMillan Danh gi8 lap h9c NXB
Giaod(lcPearson,Needham Heights, 200 1.
4 Hoang ThiTuytt (chU bien) - Vo ThiPhl.lUllgAnh.
Danh gia k~t qua h9C t$p c1 tilu h9C NXB Giao d(lc, H 2006.
(Xem tl6p trang 33)
- _ ~
Trang 4nhou (co lap, nh6m, co nhem,chlnh kh60 hoQc
ngOQikhoc]: tn/ac h~t c6 sll hv6ng dlin cuo GV,
nhi~u coch c10nhgio: donh gio cuo GV, c10nh
+ Kdt lugn GV tdng kdt nhOng n¢1dung co ban
trong bal hoc du61nhi~u hinh th(rc khoc nhou, c6
so c1a,rna hinh, graph GV d6nh glo Hnhthan
SV phai thllC hl~n; c6 th~ 10bal t{lp If thuy6t hay
bal t{lp thllc hanh); coc Heuchueinv~ k~tqua thllC
hl~n; yeu cau v~ tho! glon va coch th(rcH~nhanh;
tOlh~ thornkhoova cacphuong H~ hQ<:IQpdUt;JC
ti~p hoQcbien sOQntren tal h~uphot cho SV trong
hal t9p(c6 th~H~nhanhtrvctl~p haQctrong phl~u
gloo bai IQp) GV can neu ro coc Heuchf donh
glo, xac dinh tho! glon nQp k~t qua bal IQp va
nghlen cw
- Tdehve hoqt d¢ng tvht;>eNGli Trong DT
hQ'P.Vai coc man chung, SV tV nhi~u khoa khoc
chlo theo nh6m chuyen nganh Sou khl nh{ln
nhl~m vv tren lap, GVyeu cau bau nh6m troong
cong vl~, thai glon va san pheimcv th~ 10bl~n
hQ'Pd6nh glo cuo GV, donh glo dang dang va
3 Xay dvog tleu chueinva tieu chf donh glo
c1l1gcti~n hcnh m9t coch chQtche, khoa hoc d~
cau ngh~ nghi~p Cl
(1) B¢ GD-DT Chu'n ngh~ nghitp giao vi~ntrung
hoc (trung hec co sO- VI\ trung hec phd thOng NXB
Dat hoc S"Lt pham,H 2008.
Tai Iitu tham khao
1 Nguy~n HO'U Lam "M~ hlnh nling hlC trong giao dl.1c,dao t~o va pMt trien ngu6n nhan IIlC", Trung
D~i hQc KinhtlTP H6 Chi Minh, 2007.
2 Nguy~n Canh Toan (chu bien) - Nguy~n Ky - Le
Kbanh Bang - Vo Vlin Tao HQCva dn each hQc,
NXB D{li h{Jc S"Lt ph{lm, H 2002.
3 Jeffrey Allum.The National Skill Standards Board:
Evaluation Meeting of the Technical Education and Training Modernization Project in Mexic6 City, Mexico, 2000.
4 Kathleen Santopietro Weddel. Competency based
Literacy Resource Centre, USA 2006.
SUMMARY
The development of standards and criterIa for evaluatingself-leamlngc6mpetency of studentsIs the base for develop plans, organizing and evaluatIng self-IeamlngactivltfesIn the Education of Universityto meet the trainingrequirementsunder the credIt.
thiel ke va sli' dvng nhitng •
5 Beverly D Shaklee Designing and using portfolios, Allyn & Bacon, USA 1997.
6 Shirley Clarke Targeting assessment in the primary classroom, Hodder Murray, 1998.
7 Thomas A Angelo, K Patricia Cross Classroom
assessment techniques Jossey - Bass publishers,
San Francisco, 1993.
SUMMARY
In academic evaluatfon process by comments, short answer cards, limited or open practfce cards, limited or open self-test review, assessmentscale, checking cards, self-evaluationcards are tools that teachers and students can use for collectfng their academic Informatfon and evidence In order to set
up thesetools,teacherscan follow thesesteps:define the content relevant to knowledge benchmark and subject requirement·select evaluatfontool, set up the tool defined, practfce, test the defined tOOl,adjust, choose and Implement In the evaluation data bank.
_ -~