The relationship between labor and economic development, the labor force has always played a decisive role for economic activities in the resources for economic development.. In human re
Trang 1Conflict between employers and workers occur with
increasing frequency Establish a theoretical basis, analyze the causes and provide solutions to overcome this situation.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction 3
I Rationale of the problem 5
1 The concept of workers 5
2 The issues raised in the theory of Maslow and Herzberg's two-factor theory 5
2.1 Maslow's theory of needs 6
2.1.1 Basic needs 6
2.1.2 Demand for safety 7
2.1.3 Social needs 7
2.1.4 Needs to be respected 7
1.1.5 Self-improvement needs 8
2.2 Two-factor theory of F Herzberg 8
II The cause of the problem 9
1 The situation is evaluated 9
2 Cause 12
Salary 12
Laws and policies 13
Labor welfare policy 14
Trang 2III Solution 15
1 Salary 16
2 Law, policy 18
3 Employees desire to be perfect, assert yourself and respect 19
4 The mission of the management 20
CONCLUSION 20
REFERENCES 21
A country wants to develop, it is necessary to have the resources of economic development such as: natural resources, capital, science and technology, people, etc
In these resources, human resources is the most important, are critical to the growth and economic development of every country so far A country despite abundant natural resources, machinery and modern technology but do not have qualified people, capable of exploiting these resources, there is unlikely to be able to achieve the development as desired
The relationship between labor and economic development, the labor force has always played a decisive role for economic activities in the resources for economic development Between human resources, capital, natural resources, technical infrastructure, science and technology have a causal relationship with each other, but
in which human resources are considered to be the dominant endogenous capacity too socio-economic development of each country Compared to other resources, human resources with the leading factor is the intellectual, Gray has prominent advantages in that it can not be exhausted if known fostering rational exploitation and use, and the resources other no matter how many are only limited factors and develop effective only when combined with human resources in an effective manner So human as
Trang 3human resources, is the subject of creativity, a factor of the production process itself, the center of the internal forces, is the main resource decision-making process and economic development society
So human resource management activities increasingly important role in the enterprise In human resource management activities, the evaluation of the work is considered to be the most important because it is the basis for improving the implementation of the work of the employees and also as a basis for making personnel decisions such as recruitment, training, remuneration of labor, from which arise the conflict between labor and package with increasing frequency
Management of organizational behavior course is to help us explain the attitudes and behavior of individuals in organizations, groups and the entire organization or group of which we are members, as judged on the theory of work motivation theory
of Maslow, human nature theory of MC GREGOR, Herzberg two-factor theory, the theory of fairness, expectations theory, intrinsic motivation theory of Hackman and Oldham
Through this course Group 2 will be based on two theories of Maslow and Herzberg's two-factor theory to be able to offer the right solution to solve the conflict between owners and workers, as well as offering solutions to motivate employees in general today
Labor is the most important activity of human to make material wealth and spiritual values of society Productivity and efficient labor are the decisive factors in the development of the country.So people are increasingly considered to be the most important element of society as they are the crucial one for the existence and development of the country or organization rather than factors such as natural resources, technologies…
Therefore, manpower management activities gradually play a important role in the enterprises Among those activities, the evaluation of the work is considered to be the most important because it is the basis for improving the implementation of the
Trang 4work of the employees and also as a basis for making other personnel decisions such
as recruitment, training, remuneration Then, there will rise conflicts between employers and employees with increasing frequency
The management of organizational behavior course help us interpret the attitudes and behaviors of individuals in organizations, groups and the entire organization, of which we are members, is estimated on the theory of work motivation such as Maslow's theory, MC’s theory of human nature GREGOR, theory of two-factor HERZBERG, the theory of fairness, expectations theory, intrinsic motivation theory
Through the course, group 2 will rely on two theories of Maslow and Herzberg's two-factor theory to offer the right solution solving the conflict between owners and workers, as well as motivating employees in general
Maslow, human nature theory of MC GREGOR, two-factor theory Herzberg, the theory of fairness, expectations, the intrinsic motivation theory of Hackman and Oldham
I Rationale of the problem
1 The concept of workers
Workers who are in the working age regulated by the law - is the common point of definitions They have committed to work with all employers, usually receive job requirements, salary and are the under of the employers’ management during the period of commitments The result of their labor is a product for others to use and exchanged on the goods market, manual products have the low exchange value, but mental products have the high one
In the wide sense, the employee is salaried Work of employees is under the agreement, established between the employee and the employer Through labor results such as physical and spiritual products that the employee is paid from the employer In
a narrower sense, the employees who do the physical things, often in agriculture, small scale industry
Trang 5According to the country's Labour Code, employees are ones who are in the working age, have capable of working, are entering into and implementing the labor contract with the employers Labor Code also stipulates clearly the rights and obligations of workers when joining labor, regulations on labor contracts, handling labor contract dispute, the regime of preferential treatment, obligatory social welfare (Labor Law)
From the standpoint of economics, workers who provide directly labor - a production factor and also is a form of basic service / commodity of the economy These are workers who have committed labor, products of labor to organizations and others
Thus, to understand the workers we must consider the factors associated with the labor of workers such as: preparing for labor capacity, commitment and enforcement
of labor commitments
In the wide sense, the employee is salaried Work of employees is under the agreement, established between the employee and the employer Through labor results such as physical and spiritual products that the employee is paid from the employer In
a narrower sense, the employees who do the physical things, often in agriculture, small scale industry
According to the country's Labour Code, employees are ones who are in the working age, have capable of working, are entering into and implementing the labor contract with the employers Labor Code also stipulates clearly the rights and obligations of workers when joining labor, regulations on labor contracts, handling labor contract dispute, the regime of preferential treatment, obligatory social welfare (Labor Law)
From the standpoint of economics, workers who provide directly labor - a production factor and also is a form of basic service / commodity of the economy These are workers who have committed labor, products of labor to organizations and others
Trang 6Thus, to understand the workers we must consider the factors associated with the labor of workers such as: preparing for labor capacity, commitment and enforcement
of labor commitments (including receiving labor requirements, methods and means of labor, labor cost, labor remuneration, the labor force), the results and the quality of labor, satisfaction and dissatisfaction of the parties to the labor contract
All of these problems stem from business owners, from the decisions and policies
to make employees satisfied or dissatisfied from which to improve efficiency in job
2 The issues raised in Maslow’s theory and Herzberg’s two-factor theory
2.1 Maslow’s theory of needs
According to psychologist Abraham Maslow (1908-1970), the needs of the people
is in accordance with the hierarchy from low demand to high one When a group of needs is satisfied, this needs are no longer the motivation
Maslow arranged human needs in five levels:
- Basic Needs
- Safety needs
- Social needs
- Esteem needs
- Self-actualizing needs
2.1.1 Basic needs
Is the basic needs to sustain human life itself (food, clothing, drinking water, housing, etc.) A.Maslow said that the demand has not been satisfied to the extent necessary to maintain life, other needs will not push people The physiological needs are the most basic and powerful ones of man In the pyramid, we see that these needs are classified in the lowest level: the most basic one Maslow said that needs at higher level will not appear unless these basic needs are met
2.1.2 Safty needs
The second level of needs related to an individual's needs for protection, security and safety in the events phusical and among individuals in everyday life
The demand for safety and security represent in both physical and mental People want to protect for their survival from the danger This needs will become the operation engine in emergency cases, danger to life as war, natural disasters or
Trang 7encountering wild animals This demand is often confirmed by the desire for stability
in life, to live in the neighborhood security, social life in the law, to have a house to stay, Many people seek shelter by religious beliefs, philosophy is also due to security needs, this is the seek of emotional safety The social insurance regime, the regime of retirement, savings plans is also the express of meeting this safety needs
2.1.3 Social demand
The third level of needs related to social behavior It is based on an individual's desire to be accepted as part of a group and include a wish of love and affection
As a member of society so they need to be accepted by others People are always
in need of love and attachment Level of demand shows that human have communication needs to develop
Maslow put this demand after the two needs above, but he stressed that this demand is not met and satisfied, it can cause severe emotional, mental diseases Many recent studies also showed that single people often suffer from diseases of the digestive, nervous, respiratory distress than those who live with their families We also know that: loneliness can easily kill humans Many people chose to leave this world with the reason: " no one understands me around! "
2.1.4 Esteem needs
The fourth level of needs related to an individual's needs of respect, recognition, prestige and involves a personal sense of competence
According to A Maslow, once people begin to satisfy the demand accepted as a member of society, they tend to be self-esteem and want to be respected This led to the satisfaction such as: power, prestige, status and confidence Human desire receive the attention, caring and respect from those around him and hope himself to be a "chain" indispensable in the social division of labor system Therefore, people wish to have high status for survival and respect
2.1.5 Self-improvement needs
This is the fifth and highest level of demand This needs are combined with the desire of an individual to achieve their full potential by developing and using their
Trang 8Man finds themselves need to do some work on their interests and only if it is done, they feel satisfied
The theory of needs arrange human needs from low to high The higher-level needs will be satisfied when the lower-level needs are met Thus, according to this theory, firstly leaders have to pay attention to the physical needs, on that basis that gradually raise up to the higher demands …
An individual move higher in hierarchy system of the company, they may see that the higher demand is more important than the lower levels Demands can also vary based on career stage, organizational structure, and geographic location The hierarchy of needs could also lack effective application in different cultural contexts Certain cultures can evaluate the social demand for psychological and safe needs In addition, the theory requires that a manager can identify and understand the needs of the employees This is not always easy and can lead to incorrect assumptions Done in the proper context, however, the tower needs is recognized as a useful method for the concept of encouraging employee and thus can direct an organizational behavior
2.2 Two-factor theory of F Herzberg
This is a motivational theory based on the elements that make up the satisfaction and dissatisfaction of the people in the jobs Those factors were divided into two groups
The factors of push: Including factors that create satisfaction of the employees’ works such as: achievement, recognition, work itself, responsibility and promotion The elements of maintenance: Including the organization's policies, governance, monitoring working conditions , human relations, safety and wages
According to him, the maintenance factors is not the driving force, it is characterized by the condition factors If they exist in a working environment with a number of high quality and quantity, they do not lead to satisfactory but does not have the effect of pushing or bring satisfaction However, without the existence of them, it will lead to dissatisfaction
To motivate employees at work, we should emphasize on the motivating factors Although there still have some limits, Herzberg's theory has important meanings in
Trang 9motivating for employees From this theory, it helps managers to pay more attention to both factors, a combination of two factors to motivate
II
Causes of problem
1 The situation in evaluated
Vietnam is considered as countries with large, cheap labor forces and a lot of potential However, businesses are still very hard in seeking workers to meet their requirements Despite of large labor force, businesses have to compete and grab with each other to get every good workers and think of low-skilled ones So which reason makes workers and entrepreneurs not meet each other on the labor market and jobs
In the market economy, the nature of the labor have many changes such as: relationships between the employer - employee, more and more specialized labor; knowledge, skills and the popular use of technology; serious working attitude, discipline, good remuneration The workers are afraid of changing, slow at making progress, which rapidly are eliminated from the labor market
On the changing of relationship labor: Inthe past, direct labor relations between owners and workers is proletarian Today, the team of employees including executives and intermediate levels of management systems (eg HR director, division director, head, etc.) CEO is both a worker and a representative on behalf of the owners renting, contracting and monitoring / evaluating workers On the other hand, if the former employees totally did not relate to the ownership of the enterprises, today a number of workers, managers are hired to work but can be great for buying at cheap price or donate shares of the business ; it means that can participate in the group who have ownership of the businesses’assets as well as receive annual dividends That is superior in labor relations today
About the division of labor: In societies, specialized professions together with specific expertise are increasing Managers also split, separate many sections to operate and manage the best performance So workers are also required to have expertise, skills, good knowledge to one or a few major and appropriate with organizational scale It is said to be an industry expert, the employee is still required to
Trang 10understand the related field to get efficiency, less errors This means that the knowledge, skill level of workers required on a high in both depth and breadth
Regarding pressure at work: Today, that the employees communicate with many people, do many things at the same time with a wide variety of requirements, information must be received to treat within a tight time with effective quality demanded higher and higher is normal Therefore, workers must be healthy in a unit
of time to ensure good quality, output ; have high concentration, good skills, exploit the strengths of the new tools The primitive, simple forms of machines gradually are taken on by technology Proportion of high intellectual labor and creativity meet speed
of development Therefore, the working methods and tools are constantly being improved, taking essential in the performance of the employees
In terms of the factors of science and technology: We all know that all labor, human activities are dependent on many factors of scientific and technical equipment To get productivity and efficiency, we must have advanced and modern equipment
The scientific and technical revolution is now a major driving force for the great variation in quality for all social and economic activities worldwide
With the great achievements, it creates a very rapid development for productive forces Thanks to science, engineering and technology, the social labor division currently has been improved, allowing closer cooperation with each other
However, the wrong side of the problem is that we have to select and have high and strict requirements, so people who do not meet them will be eliminated Besides the use of labor is shortened because of the economic decline of the small companies This issue is also one of the causes making workers change jobs
Regarding economic transfer: According to the Hai Phong City, we have the following statistics:
Number Economic fields The total Labors recruited Labors replaced