Categories of Computer Software General-Purpose Programs General-Purpose Programs Application-Specific Programs Application-Specific Programs System Management Programs System Managem
Trang 1C h a p t e r
4
Computer
Software
Trang 2• Describe several major trends occurring in
computer software.
• Give examples of several major types of
application and system software.
• Explain the purpose of several popular software
packages for end user productivity and
collaborative computing.
• Outline the functions of an operating system.
• Describe the main uses of high-level,
fourth-generation, object-oriented, and web-oriented languages and tools.
Chapter Objectives
Trang 3Categories of Computer Software
General-Purpose
Programs
General-Purpose
Programs
Application-Specific Programs
Application-Specific Programs
System Management Programs
System Management Programs
System Development Programs
System Development Programs
Application Software
Application Software
Computer Software
Computer Software
System Software System Software
Trang 4Trends in Computer Software
First
Generation
First
Generation Generation Second
Second Generation Generation Third
Third Generation Generation Fourth
Fourth Generation Generation Fifth
Fifth Generation
User-Written
Programs
Machine
Languages
Packaged Programs Symbolic Languages
Operating Systems High-Level Languages
DBMS Fourth-Generation Languages
Microcomputer Packages
Natural & Object-Oriented Languages Multipurpose Graphic- Interface Network-Enabled Expert-Assisted Packages
Trend: Toward Easy-to-Use Multipurpose Network-Enabled Application
Packages for Productivity and Collaboration
Trend: Toward Visual or Conversational Programming Languages and
Tools
Trang 5Common General- Purpose Applications
• Electronic Mail
• Word Processing
• Presentation Graphics
• Multimedia
• Personal Information Manager
• Groupware
Trang 6Web Browsers
Discussion Groups
Surf the Net Information Launch
Searches
Multimedia
File Transfer
Typical uses of a Web Browser in Internet, Intranet, and Extranet
Environments
Trang 7Database Management Packages
Database Development
Database Maintenance
Database Interrogation
Application Development
Primary Tasks of Database Management
Packages
Primary Tasks of Database Management
Packages
Trang 8Key Technologies
of Multimedia
Video Capture
Card
Video Capture
Authoring Language
Interactive
Compact Disk Interactive
Audio
Compressed Audio
Digital Video Interactive
Digital Video Interactive
Edit System
Computer Edit System
Interactive Video
Interactive
Multimedia Technologies
Trang 9Business Enterprise Application Software
Customer Relationship Management
Human Resource Management
Accounting and Financial Management
Supply Chain Management
Enterprise Resource Planning
Business Decision Support
Trang 100 Functions of an Operating System
Resource
Management Resource
Management Management Management Task Task
User Interface
User Interface
File Management File Management
Utilities and Other Functions
Utilities and Other Functions
Trang 111 Categories of Programming Languages
Machine Languages
Use binary coded
instructions
1001 1001
1100 1101
High Level Languages Use brief statements
Compute X = Y + Z
Markup Languages Use embedded
control codes
Assembler Languages
Use symbolic coded
instructions
LOD Y ADD Z
Fourth Generation Languages
Use natural statements
Object-Oriented Languages
Define objects that contain data and actions
Document.write (“Hi There”)
<H1>First heading</H>
<!ELEMENT Product (#Item | manuf)>
SUM THE FOLLOWING NUMBERS
Trang 122 Programming Language Translation
Language Translation Process
Language Translation Process
Source Program
Machine Language Object Program
Written in BASIC, COBOL, etc.
Language Translator Program
• Compiler
• Interpreter
• Assembler
IF A := B
1110101 0010110
Trang 13• Computer software consists of two major types
of programs: application software that directs the performance of a particular end user task, and system software that controls and
supports the operations of a computer system.
• Application software includes a variety of
programs that can be segregated into general-purpose and application-specific categories.
Chapter Summary
Trang 14• System software can be subdivided into
system management programs and system
development programs The former is used to manage hardware, software, networks, and
data resources The latter is used by IS
specialists to develop computer programs.
• An operating system is an integrated system of
programs that supervises the operations of the CPU.
Chapter Summary (cont)
Trang 15• There are 5 major levels of programming
languages Language translator programs convert programming language instructions into machine language instructions.
Chapter Summary (cont)