Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn present perfect continuous Use: - Diễn tả hành động bắt đầu ở quá khứ và còn đang tiếp tục ở hiện tại.. Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn Pas Perfect Continu
Trang 1PHẦN 1 CÁC THÌ CƠ BẢN TRONG TIẾNG ANH (phần 2)
7 Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn (present perfect continuous)
Use:
- Diễn tả hành động bắt đầu ở quá khứ và còn đang tiếp tục ở hiện tại
I have been working for 3 hours.
- Diễn tả hành động xảy ra và kết thúc trong quá khứ nhưng kết quả của nó vẫn còn ở hiện tại.(quan tâm tới kết quả)
I am very tired now because I have been working hard for 10 hours.
Form:
Khẳng định: S + have/ has + been + V_ing + O
Phủ định: S + haven’t/ hasn’t + been + V-ing
Nghi vấn: Have/ Has + S + been + V-ing ?
Note:
Dấu hiệu nhận biết
- Trong câu thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn thường có các từ sau: All day, all week, since, for, for a long time, in the past week, recently, lately, up until now, and
so far, almost every day this week, in recent years.
- Since + mốc thời gian
- for + khoảng thời gian
- all + thời gian (all the morning, all day, all 4 hours….)
Practice:
Ex1: Chia các động từ sau đây sang thì HTHT hoặc HTHTTD
1 I (try)……… to learn English for years but I (not succeed)…………
2 I (wait)……… for two hours, but she (not come ) ……….yet
3 She (read)……… all the works of Dickens How many have you (read)
……….?
4 I (wait)……… hear nearly half an hour for my girlfriend Joana Do you think she (forget) ……… to come?
5 Mary (rest)……… in the garden all day because she (be)……… ill
6 Although John (study) ………at the university for five years he (not get)
……… his degree yet
7 Jack (go) ……… ….to Switzerland for a holiday I never (be)………… there
Trang 28 We (live)………… for the last five months, and just ( decide)……… to move.
9 You already (drink) ……….3 cups of tea since I (sit) ……… here
10 That book (lie)………… on the table for weeks You (not read)………… it yet?
8 Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn (Pas Perfect Continuous)
Use:
- Diễn đạt một hành động đang xảy ra trước một hành động trong quá khứ (nhấn mạngtính tiếp diễn)
I had been thinking about that before you mentioned it (Tôi vẫn đang nghĩ về
điều đó trước khi câu đề cập tới)
- Diễn đạt hành động là nguyên nhân của một điều gì đó trong quá khứ
Sam gained weight because he had been overeating (Sam tăng cân vì anh ấy
đã ăn quá nhiều)
Form:
Khẳng định: S + had + been + V-ing + O
They had been working very hard before we came.
Phủ định: S + had+ not + been + V-ing
They hadn’t been talking to each other when we saw them.
Nghi vấn: Had + S + been + V-ing ?
Had they been waiting for me when you met them?
Note:
Dấu hiệu nhận biết:
Trong câu thường có: Until then, by the time, prior to that time, before, after.
Practice:
Ex1: Read the situations and make sentences from the words in brackets
1 I was very tired when I arrived home (I/work/hard all day) I’d been working hard all day.
2 The two boys came into the house They had a football and they were both very tired (they/play/football) ………
3 I was disappointed when I had to cancel my holiday (I/look/forward to it)
………
4 Ann woke up in the middle of the night She was frightened and didn’t know where she was (she/dream) ………
Trang 35 When I got home, Tom was sitting in front of the TC He had just turned it off (he/watch/a film) ……….
9 Tương lai đơn (Simple Future)
Use:
- Diễn đạt một quyết định tại thời điểm nói
I miss her I will go to her house to see her.
- Đưa ra lời yêu cầu, đề nghị, lời mời
Will you open the door?
- Diễn đạt dự đoán không có căn cứ
I think people will not use computers after 25th century.
Form:
Khẳng định: S + will + V(ng.thể)
I will help her take care of her children tomorrow morning.
Phủ định: S + will not (won’t) + V(ng.thể)
They won’t stay at the hotel.
Nghi vấn: Will + S + V(ng.thể)?
Will you come here tomorrow?
Note:
Dấu hiệu nhận biết
- Trong câu có các trạng từ chỉ thời gian trong tương lai:
– in + thời gian: trong … nữa (in 2 minutes: trong 2 phút nữa)
– tomorrow: ngày mai
– Next day: ngày hôm tới
– Next week/ next month/ next year: Tuần tới/ tháng tới/ năm tới
- Trong câu có những động từ chỉ quan điểm như:
Trang 4– think/ believe/ suppose/ …: nghĩ/ tin/ cho là
– perhaps/ probably: có lẽ
Practice:
Ex1: Hoàn thành các câu dưới đây sử dụng thì TLĐ
1 She/ hope/ that/ Mary/ come/ party/ tonight
At 12 o’clock tomorrow, my friends and I will be having lunch at school.
- Dùng để diễn tả một hành động, một sự việc đang xảy ra thì một hành động, sự việc khác xen vào trong tương lai
When you come tomorrow, they will be playing tennis.
- Hành động sẽ diễn ra và kéo dài liên tục suốt một khoảng thời gian ở tương lai
My parents are going to London, so I’ll be staying with my grandma for the next 2 weeks.
- Hành động sẽ xảy ta như một phần trong kế hoạch hoặc một phần trong thời gian
Trang 5 Phủ định: S + will + not + be + V_ing
We won’t be studying at 8 a.m tomorrow.
Nghi vấn: Will + S + be + V_ing?
Will she be doing the housework at 10 p.m tomorrow?
Note:
Dấu hiệu nhận biết
- Trong câu có các trạng từ chỉ thời gian trong tương lai kèm theo thời điểm xác định:– at this time/ at this moment + time trong tương lai: Vào thời điểm này …
At this time tomorrow I will be going shopping in Singapore (Vào thời điểm này
ngày mai, tôi sẽ đang đi mua sắm ở Singapore.)
– At + giờ cụ thể + thời gian trong tương lai: vào lúc …
At 10 a.m tomorrow my mother will be cooking lunch (Vào 10h sáng ngày mai
mẹ tôi sẽ đang nấu bữa trưa.)
Practice:
Ex1:
1 They are staying at the hotel in London At this time tomorrow, they (travel)
……… in Vietnam
2 When they (come)………… tomorrow, we (swim)………… in the sea
3 My parents (visit)……… Europe at this time next week
4 Daisy (sit) ………on the plane at 9 am tomorrow
5 At 8 o’clock this evening my friends and I (watch)……… a famous film at the cinema
6 She (play)……… with her son at 7 o’clock tonight
7 He (work)……… at this moment tomorrow
8 They (make)……… their presentation at this time tomorrow morning
11 Tương lai hoàn thành (Future perfect)
Use:
- Dùng để diễn tả một hành động hay sự việc hoàn thành trước một thời điểm trong tương lai
I will have finished my homework before 11 o’clock this evening.
- Dùng để diễn tả một hành động hay sự việc hoàn thành trước một hành động hay sự việc trong tương lai
Trang 6When you come back, I will have typed this email.
Form:
Khẳng định: S + will + have + V(pII)
I will have finished my report by the end of this month
Phủ định: S + will + not + have + V(pII)
My father will not have come home by 9 pm this evening.
Nghi vấn: Will + S + have + V(pII) ?
Will your parents have come back Vietnam before the summer vacation?
Note:
Dấu hiệu nhận biết
Trong câu có các cụm từ sau:
– by + thời gian trong tương lai
– by the end of + thời gian trong tương lai
– by the time …
– before + thời gian trong tương lai
Ví dụ:
By the end of this month I will have taken an English course (Cho tới cuối
tháng này thì tôi đã tham gia một khóa học Tiếng Anh rồi.)
Practice:
Ex1:
1 By the time you arrive, I (write) ……… the essay
2 By this time tomorrow they (visit)……… Paris
3 By the time he intends to get to the airport, the plane (take) ………… off
4 By the year 2012 many people (lose)……… their jobs
5 I know by the time they come to my house this evening, I (go) ………out for awalk
6 I hope they (finish) ……… building the road by the time we come back next summer
7 By 2020, the number of schools in our country (double)………
8 These machines (work) ……….very well by the time you come back next month
Trang 712 Tương Lai Hoàn Thành Tiếp Diễn (Future Perfect Continuous)
Use:
- Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra và kéo dài liên tục đến một thời điểm nào đó trong tương lai
By April 28th, I will have been working for this company for 19 years.
- Dùng để nhấn mạnh tính liên tục của hành động so với một hành động khác trong tương lai
When I get my degree, I will have been studying at Cambridge for four years.
Form:
Khẳng định: S + will + have + been +V-ing
We will have been living in this house for 10 years by next month.
Phủ định: S + will not/ won’t + have + been + V-ing
The children won’t have been playing with their friends when you come this
weekend.
Nghi vấn: Will + S + have + been + V-ing?
Will you have been living in this country for 2 months by the end of this week?
Note:
Dấu hiệu nhận biết
- Trong câu xuất hiện các từ sau:
– by then: tính đến lúc đó
– by this October,…: tính đến tháng 10 năm nay
– by the end of this week/month/…: tính đến cuối tuần này/tháng này
– by the time + 1 mệnh đề ở thì hiện tại đơn
Practice: Chia các động từ trong ngoặc ở thì TLHTTD
1 Your sister (get)……… pregnant for 7 months?
2 My grandfather (write)……… this novel for 2 months by the end of this month
3 She (work) ………… for this company for 5 years by the end of this year
4 I (do) ……… my homework for 2 hours by the time my father gets home from work
5 My mother (cook)……… dinner for 3 hours by the time our guests arrive at
my house
Trang 82 He has been selling motorcycles
A ten years ago
B since ten years
C for ten years ago
D for ten years
3 Columbus America more then 400 years ago
C was still living
D were still living
6 They pingpong when their father comes back home
A will play
B will be playing
C play
D would play
7 By Christmas, I for you for 6 months
A Shall have been working
B shall work
C have been working
D shall be working
Trang 98 I in the room now.
D would have been happened
12 John a book when I saw him
15 I have been waiting for you…
A since early morning
B since 9 a.m
C for two hours
Trang 10D all are correct
16 My sister for you since yesterday
18 The train half an hour
A has been leaving
D has been living
21 After I …lunch, I looked for my bag
A had
B had had
C have has
D have had
22 By the end of next year, Geoge …English for 2 years
A will have learned
Trang 11D shall have finished
27 Before you asked, the letter…
A was written
B had been written
C had written
D has been written
28 Ask her to come and see me when she her work
Trang 12B has been broken
C had broken down
39 I don’t understand this sentence.What ?
A does mean this word
Trang 13B have this word mean
C means this word
D does this word mean
40 John tennis once or twice a week
A usually play
B is usually playing
C usually plays
D have usually played
41 It was noisy next door Our neighbors a party
B have you looked
C did you look
D are you looking
47 I along the street when I suddenly heard footsteps behind me
A was walking
Trang 1454 … you go to the dentist?
A how often are
Trang 1558 Tim was tired.He hard all day.
A has been studying
B studies
C studied
D had been studying
59 Bad driving often many accidents
Trang 1771 Last year, they 22 million TV sets.
D had been waiting
73 Daniel the bus.It doesn’t run on Sundays
A did not catch
B have not caught
C had not caught
D couldn’t have caught
74 I’m feeling sick.I so much chocolate last night
A needn’t to eat
B did not eat
C musn’t eat
D shouldn’t have eaten
75 I’m going on holiday on Saturday.This time next week I on a beach in the sea
A will lie
B am lying
C will be lying
D should be lying
76 Ted and Amy for 24 years
A have been married
B married
C were married
D has been married
77 Tomorrow I… my grandparents
A am going to visit
B will have visited
C have visited
D visit
78 When the first child was born, they married for three years
A have been married
B had been married
Trang 18C will been married
D will have been married
79 I think the weather… nice later
a Albert Maltz was a progressive American writer He …… …… (be) born in 1908
He ………… (write) his first play “Peace on Earth” in 1943 It ……… … (be)against wars, so the American police ……… (arrest) him and ………… (put) him
in prison in 1950
b Ha …… … (come) back a moment ago and …… … (turn) the television onvery loudly My son ……… (sleep) then , so I ……… (tell) her to turn itoff
c Last Friday was a holiday I …… … (not have) to go to classes I ……… (sleep)
a little later than usual Around ten, my friend Larry ……….… (come) over to myapartment We ………… (pack) a picnic basket and then ………… (take) the bus toForest Park We ………… (spend) most of the day there
Trang 192 Mary and John are neighbors They ………… (know) each other for several
years Mary ………… (move) into her house in 1985, and John ………… (live)next door since he ……… (come) to the area in 1980
3 Dennis Heal is a politician He ……… (go) to Oxford University in 1950 and
………… (become) a member of Parliament for the Labor Party in 1957 He
………… (be) an MP since then He ………… (write) three story books includinghis autobiography He is married to the artist, Adna Heal , they ……… (have)two children They ……… … (live) in Oxford for 15 years, then ………(move) to London in 1970 They now ………… (live) in Cadogan Square in centralLondon
4 Paul Carrack is a musician and a singer He ………… (be) in the music business
for over 20 years He …….… (start) playing professionally while he …….… (be)
at school He …… … (travel) all over the world He ……… (have) his first hitrecord in 1974 So far he ………… (make) a lot of records Young people in Americaand Britain ……… … (know) his name and they never ……… (forget) hisnumber one song
“ The Living Years”
5 Dear Jill, Here I am in New York! I ………… (be) here for 2 weeks now and it
………… (be) very interesting My friend, Nancy who I ………… (meet) inLondon in 1982 ……… (live) in New York for 3 years, so she ………… (know) all about it Yesterday we ……… (go) to China town and ………….(eat) hot dog there We ………… (visit) the Statue of Liberty this Sunday Back on19th Love, Bob
6.
a.While I……… (walk) to class yesterday morning, I ………… (see) Abdullah
We ………… (say) hello and ……… (walk) the rest of the way to schooltogether
b When I ………… (hear) a knock at the door last night, I ……… (walk) tothe door and ………… (open) it When I ……… (open) the door, I
……… (see) my brother I ……… (greet) him and ………… (ask) him
to come in
c.My cousin and I ……… (watch) a movie on TV last night whan my brother
……….… (come) He ………… (watch) the end of the movie with us
d Mrs Reed ………… (turn) on the radio in her car while she ……… … (drive)home yesterday She ………… (listen) to some music when she suddenly
……… (hear) a siren She ……… (look) in her mirror and ……… …
Trang 20(see) an ambulance behind her She immediately……… (pull) her car to side
of the road and ……….… (wait) for ambulance to pass
e My mother called me around five o‟clock My husband came home a litte after that.When he ………… (come) home, I ………… (talk) to my mother on the phone
f Yesterday afternoon I………… (go) to visit the Parker family When I …… (get)there around two o‟clock, Mrs Parker ………… (be) in the yard She …….… (plant) flowers in her garden Mr Parker ………… (be) in the garage He ……… (work) on their car The children ………… (play) in the front yard
7.
a.Jack moved to Hong Kong after he graduated from the university Jack ……… (be) in Hon Kong since he ……… (graduate)
b.Jack ……… (break) his leg five days ago He‟s in hospital He ……… (be)
in the hospital since he ………… (break) his leg
c
A: ……… Mary ………… (feed) the cat?
B: Yes , she ……… (feed) him before lunch
A: What ……… she………… (give) him?
B: She ……… (give) him some fish
8 Dinosaurs lived on Earth for 175 million years During this time, species of
dinosaurs ………… (evolve) and becoming extinct Sixty-five million years ago theremaining dinosaurs ………… (die out) Some scientists ………… (think) that acooling of the climate caused this extinction Others believe that the replacement ofone type of plant with another type ………… (contribute) to the dinosaurs‟ decline.Now, however, evidence ………… (suggest) a large meteorite hit the Earth and
…… …… (kill) not only all the dinosaurs, but also many other animals Species ofplant became extinct as well After the Earth‟s collision with the meteorite, largeclouds of dust would have been thrown into the air Many animals may not have beenable to breathe or adapt to this change in climate, and they ………… (die) as aresult
9 Ted Holt arrived at the station at five past seven to catch the train “Please ……
… (wait) for me ”, he shouted and jumped on the train But the train ………… (notmove) “ I wonder why the train ………… (not leave) yet.” He said to the man next
to him “It always ……… … (leave) at seven twenty ”, the man ……… (reply)Ted suddenly ………… (realize) he ………… (be) on the wrong train! “ The train
to Plimpton ………… (already go)” The man told him
10.