Introduction of Nanotechnology in Pharmaceticals and Cosmetics

Nanotechnology- Sedimentation stability Gravitational Forces => Sedimentation Brownian Forces => Isotropic movement Sedimentation rate by Stoke law 2 k TtBx d   Brownian movement r

Introduction of Nanotechnology in

Personal-care Products

Le Thi Hong Nhan, PhD

Department of Organic Chemical Engineering

HCMUT, 2013

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General trend

Nano technology

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 Easier to pass through cell membranes in

organisms and get interacted rapidly

 For drug (soft materials with melting points below

300oC), the reasonable goal is to aim at <300 nm

Nanotechnology- Sedimentation stability

Gravitational Forces => Sedimentation

Brownian Forces => Isotropic movement

Sedimentation rate by Stoke law

2 k TtBx

d





Brownian movement rate by Einstein’s theory

Particle size (nm) Sedimentation rate

Nanotechnology- Sedimentation stability

 Nano particles => high stability of sedimentation

 Micro particles => settling out easily => not use for injection products

Nanotechnology- Increase of solubility

Nanoscale: d<1μm

Nanoparticles or nanomaterials: d<100 nm 11

Increase of solubility

Nanotechnology- Increase of delivery rate

 Possible mechanisms of action of liposomes as skin drug delivery systems (A) is the free drug mechanism, (B) is the penetration

enhancing process of liposome components, (C) indicates vesicle adsorption to and/or fusion with the stratum corneum (SC) and (D) illustrates intact vesicle penetration into or into and through the intact skin (not to scale)

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Nanotechnology- Increase of delivery rate

 a: Electronmicrograph of the epidermal region of the 6th upper labial scale b: Higher magnifi cation of the surface of the Stratum corneum Arrows indicate indentations

Nanotechnology- Increase of delivery rate

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tiny nanoparticles could travel through a patient’s blood to

cancerous areas to deliver therapy that deactivates cancer genes

Governments investments in nanotechnology

The number of nano-enabled

Main market players in nanotechnological patents

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Some cosmetics products that use nanoparticles:

A wide range of nanomaterials

 Nano TiO2, ZnO in sunscreens &/or face creams (eg

Beiersdorf/Nivea, L’Oréal, Unilever, Body Shop, Korres, Boots, The Green People, Persano)

 Nano emulsions in skin care products (eg Beyond Skin Science)

 Fullerenes in skin creams (eg Dr Brandt and NV Perricone MD)

 Nano Gold in skin cream (eg Chantecaille)

 Nanosilver in toothpaste, shampoo, lip balms & soap

 (eg Altermed A.S., Apagard)

 Nanoxyd (calcium peroxide in nano size) in toothpaste

 (eg Swissdent)

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Nanotechnology

a,b) The pRNA-X nanoparticles (harboring folate and Alexa Fluor 647) specifically

targeted folate receptor–positive tumor xenografts upon systemic administration in

nude mice, as revealed by whole-body imaging (a) and internal organ imaging (b)

Classification

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Classification

 Particle size for drug delivery in cancertheraby

BOTTOM – UP PROCESS

TOP – DOWN PROCESS

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Preparation methods

 Controlled precipitation

 Supercritical fluid technology

 Pearl/Ball milling technology

 Homogenization

 Ultrasonic technology

 Combination technology of precipitation and homogenization

BOTTOM UP PROCESS

surfactants, viscosity enhancers, steric stabilizers, anti-flocculant

Preparation methods

TOP DOWN PROCESS

PEARL/BALL MILLING TECHNOLOGY

HOMOGENIZATION

Preparation methods

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Homogenization

Liquid-Liquid Dispersions

Homogenization

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Process Parameters:

 Energy density: minimum droplet size achievable

 Energy efficiency: heat losses - manufacturing costs

 Volume Flow Rates: throughput - production time

 Product rheology: limitations - materials that can be homogenized

(The crystalline state; Hardness of material)

Homogenization

 High Speed Blender

 Colloid Mill

 High Shear Dispersers

 Ultrasonic Disruptor

Homogenization

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High Speed Blenders

 Low volume specific energy input (energy density)

 Energy input highly distributed in the stirred vessel (regions of low and high shear)

 Blender geometry and rotational speed are the prime parameters

 Broad particle size distribution, large particles

 Need to avoid air incorporation to avoid foam formation

 Fairly inexpensive usually used for premix production

Homogenization

High Speed Blenders

Homogenization

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High Speed Homogenizers ( rotor-stator)

Homogenization

High pressure homogenization

Homogenization

High pressure homogenization

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Homogenization

Piston-gap homogenization

Homogenization

Piston-gap homogenization

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Homogenization

ULTRASOUND

– Interfacial Tension Reduction

– Stabilization of Droplets Against Aggregation

Characterization & evaluation

NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance; SEM,

scanning electron

Nano research in HCMUT

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Nguyen Ngoc Hanh Nano catalyst, nano cellulose Phan Thanh Son Nam Nano catalyst, nano metals Phan Dinh Tuan Nano TiO2

Le Thi Hong Nhan Nano drugs, nano emulsions,

solid lipid nano particles,…

Le Thi Kim Phung Nano drugs

Preparation of nano materials from natural

products

Research content:

 Effects of methods, conditions & ingredients on preparation of nano

dispersions

 Building optimal conditions for preparation

 Product characterisations (physical, chemical properties & biological

activities)

 Stability evaluation of the nano dispersions in other storage conditions and with uses of additives

Nano particles Nano

emulsions

Curcumin

Rutin Bixin

Preparation of nano materials from natural products

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Preparation of nano materials from natural

products

TEM of rutin materials

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000

Application approach of natural products

Conclusion

 Personal-care products: Functional products -> new trend

 Nano systems: increase of biocompatibility of drugs

 Contribution of nano researches:

(Pharmaceutical engineering)

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Thank you for your attention!