Học thuyết nhu cầu của maslow và học thuyết alderfer về sự tồn tại, tương quan và phát triển e

Maslow Needs theory and Alderfer theory about the existence, relatedness and growth.. Concept According to Maslow, human needs are divided into two categories: basic needs and higher nee

Maslow Needs theory and Alderfer theory about the existence, relatedness and growth.

Chapter 1

BASIC CONCEPTS

1 Motivation and achievement

Motivation is resources to create orient and maintain behaviors

Ability is capacity of individuals to perform work they are currently making effort to complete

Opportunities are conditions in which motivation and ability are deployed

2 Intrinsic motivation and external motivation

Intrinsic motivation: the force leads to behavior, relates to the achievements of the action itself, for example, or a part of satisfaction or fun

External motivation: the force leads to behavior, derives from people and the job has been performed, it was completed as a means to achieve something else

3 Theory Maslow

a Concept

According to Maslow, human needs are divided into two categories: basic needs and higher needs

Basic needs related to physical factors such as the human desire to have enough food, drinking water, sleeping …These needs are basic needs and can not be in short because if people do not meet these needs, they will not survive, they will struggle to get up and survive in life days

The higher need than basic needs are called higher needs These needs include various factors such as the spirit of justice requirement, safety, fun, social status, respect, honor toward an individual

The basic needs are often given priority for attention in comparison with this higher needs With any person, if they lack of malnutrition, or drinking they will not care about the needs of beauty, respect

b Maslow's needs pyramid

Individuals have congenital needs or desires that they would try for satisfaction:

 The physiological needs;

 The need for safety;

 The needs of society;

 The need to be respected;

 The need to assert themselves

c.The characteristics of needs pyramid

Once a demand has been satisfied, it is no longer a motivation

One need can not be motivation before the needs standing before in the hierarchy diagrams are satisfied

If there is no satisfaction, the need at lower hierarchy will again become motivation

Innate desire of human is climbing up the hierarchy diagrams

Need to assert itself is not the same with other needs

4 Theory Alderfer about the existence

a Concept

ERG Theory recognizes three levels of human needs

 Needs of existence: Wish of physical and spiritual health, fully meet the basic

needs for survival such as physiological needs, food, clothing, housing, transportation, education and safety needs

 Needs of communication: Wish of satisfaction in relationships with people.

Everyone has the desire to establish and maintain personal relationships differently Approximately, a person invests his half of time on communicating with the relationship that they are aimed

 Needs of development: The desire to grow and develop in both life and work.

The jobs, and higher professional careers will be guaranteed to meet considerably the satisfaction development needs

ERG theory states that: at the same time there maybe much need which have influence on motivation-When a higher demand can not be satisfied, a lower demand

is ready to recover

b Basis and the contribution of ERG Theory

This model is constructed on the basis of Maslow’s needs pyramid and is a good complementation for this model tower In fact many studies support this theory than Maslow theory

Alderfer's ERG theory also indicates that there are frequently more than one need that may affect and impact the same people, at the same time If the higher-level needs are not met, the desire to satisfy the need at a below level (of the model) will increase

Clayton Alderfer identifies this phenomenon in a well-known jargon as the

"overwhelming level of frustration and shy Aggression dimension." The relevance between this and work is that even the higher-level needs are not satisfied, the job is ensuring that the physiological needs at low-level, and individuals will focus on these needs

At this time, if something happens to threaten the current work, the basic needs of individuals will be seriously threatened If no factor is to relieve anxiety, an individual can fall into despair and panic

ERG theory also explains why the employees always seek higher wages and better working conditions even when these conditions are good and meet the standards of the labor market When the employees are not satisfied with communication needs and current demand growth, they will find the ways for satisfaction

Chapter 2

ANALYSIS OF THE NATURE AND RELATIONS BETWEEN

MASLOW THEORY AND ALDERFER THEORY

1 About concept

The model of Alderfer theory is built on the basis of Maslow's needs pyramid Basically, the Maslow theory aims for human and human relations and Alderfer theory also favored the theory of society and human relationships in society

Alderfer's ERG theory also indicates that there are more than one demand that may affect and impact at the same time If the needs at higher level are not met, the desire to satisfy the need at lower level will increase Alderfer identifies this phenomenon as "an overwhelming level of frustration and shy Aggression dimension

" The relevance between this with work is that even when the high-level needs are not satisfied, the job is ensuring that the physiological needs at lower levels, and individuals will focus on these needs At this time, if something happens to threaten the job, the basic needs of individuals will be seriously threatened If there is no factor relieving anxiety, an individual can become desperate and panic

2 About orientation and goal

The scale and level of influence of the two theories can be generalized as follows:

3 Advantages and disadvantages of the theory

Because the Maslow theory is developed according to grades or tower diagram, prerequisite is that there must be a new primitive then moving to a modern advance This theory is partly based on the theory of life and human existence: for example people today must come from apes

Why are the apes still the apes and humans are still humans for billions of years? The Alderfer theory occurs on basis of this The Alderfer theory is based on the actual needs of human for living and existence in society The human beings are struggled for living and development in society For example, for living if people do not have

rice to eat, they will find bread to eat, if there is no bread, they will find something else like roots, fruits Based on this perspective, the self-balancing in the theory is shown more clearly This is the core and the backbone of the two theories, which lead to the orientation of creating both advantages and disadvantages of this theory

4 Applicability

For Maslow theory:

- Being a basic theory used for studies;

- Being a necessary and sufficient condition for sustainable development;

- Not creating a breakthrough, and conflicting struggle;

- Being able to create a death according to the rules

For Alderfer theory:

- Reflecting true social reality;

- Creating competition for survival and development;

- Causing conflict and strife

- Applying for development

Chapter 3

APPLICATION OF THE THEORY ON GROTECH Ltd

I Orientations and solution to create motivation in the labor

1 Identify specific tasks for each employee

In companies, each person has his own professional, he should be assigned a position consistent with his expertise Therefore, the necessary and sufficient condition of the manager is to clarify responsibilities and specific duties of each person before they start work

2 Creating favorable conditions for workers to complete tasks

Recruiting employees arranged in accordance with job requirements

Creating working conditions and working regimes of reasonable rest for employees

Employees need to be arranged for supporting the other employees while they work for productiveness

3 Stimulation for labor

a Stimulating material

During labor time, board of management will be based on the productivity of each person then gives the bonus in gifts or in cash The goal of this action is to create exciting atmosphere for employees to work more efficiently

Besides, the BoM will be based on the productivity of workers, then add additional allowances on their wages if their productivity exceeds the specified output

b Spiritual stimulation

The company must have a plan to create stable jobs for workers, avoiding turns off;

Constructing good psychosocial atmosphere in the labor community Training workers to direct sources of qualified labor for the company's future

II The significance of creating incentives for employees in businesses in

general and GrotecH.,JSC in particular

1 Meaning of creating incentives for employees

To live and exist, people are based on needs such as when they are in hunger and there is a need to eat, when they need to sleep, they sleep For satisfying food, clothes, sleep, scientifically and effectively, every people must make for themselves the specific daily schedule The schedule is fulfilled from morning to night, can be repeated tomorrow or can be changed tomorrow But the job will basically repeats depending on their positions in the company

To create better conditions for workers to work and create high-yield, managers must always create an atmosphere of enthusiasm, good working spirit, which make the employees be willing to devote to the Company

2 The necessity of creating incentives in the Company

The need of the company is very clear:

- Need employees working efficiently;

- Need creative employees;

- Need enthusiastic employees' contribution;

- Need the seal, create trust to help employees regard the company as his own, they will work for themselves

Therefore, creating incentives increases the employees’ responsibilities

III Analyze and evaluate the situation of creating motivation for employees

in the company

1 The process of formation and development, the main characteristics affecting the issue of motivating employees of the Company

a) The process of formation and development

GrotecH is a young company, newly established Therefore, the development direction and strategy development are not clear to employees

in the company Labor force is now in first grade labor, this team should seriously create a model for the labor class after to study and follow Thus, the need to establish discipline and motivate workers from the beginning should be established to ease their minds and contribute for work

Core values are established and based on new technologies Technology

is understood as new technologies for all business areas in which companies are involved

Currently the company is focused on two array technologies as follows:

- New construction technology;

- IT Technology;

Application of IT technologies in the fields of production, business aims

to optimize human and material resources for the company's products With the above strategy orientation, the company has been obtaining a certain number of achievements in management and production of company

b) Organizational structure features of the company management

The organizational structures of companies in the opposite diagram, meaning that the company always considers customer as a subject for company growth Therefore, directors, managers take roles of extra help and guidance for employees to be eligible to work and complete assigned tasks

c) Business Features

The company's main products:

- The construction design and consulting;

- Project management and construction investment;

- Gunbarrel assembly construction;

- Logistic Services;

- Transport and installation;

- Software design, web design, wap,

- Network Services and arising;

- Taxi coordination Consulting Services;

- Taxi

With the above products, the labor of different departments are not complementary to each other, so the company has planned and recruited expertise to the right position

d) Characteristics of labor

 Characteristics of labor by age, sex

The company has kept some older workers on the advisory and managers in some certain parts

Some work with specific characteristics by gender like counselor operator, PR team: companies select employees strictly in accordance with this work

 Characteristics of labor by qualification, profession:

Investment consultancy, design consultancy, company always orients the needs to have staffs with professionals and university graduates or above

e) The advantages and difficulties affecting the issue of motivating employee in the company

Work in the company is assigned according to right professional, does not use the employees for wrong purposes However, in times of economic downturn there are a number of key employees temporarily assigned to another tasks in order to retain employees and expand production

Therefore, this can cause depression, difficulties for employees when they have to work without proper expertise For this issue, the board of

directors had a meeting to clarify responsibilities and tasks as well as breakthrough idea for staff to understand and follow

2 Analyze and assess the situation of motivating employees in company

a) Identifying the specific tasks and job performance standards for each employee

Identify the operation target of the company and help employees understand that goal

While operating production, the board of management should identify specific tasks and job performance standards for employees

b) Recruiting and arranging a reasonable employees

Recruit capable labor to be responsible for tasks that the company requires In order to avoid arranging the staffs at wrong professional

c) Training and development policy

Every year the company has chosen a suitable number of staffs required

to send them for training and retraining to improve their ability for better fits with the job requirements

d) The issue of incentive paid for employees

Regulations of allocating salary funds in the company are clearly defined and widely publicized to help employees know and understand their entitlement to contribute to the company There is also a bonus fund

to encourage labor, Fund Raisers,

The current payment of wages to employees of the company is separated for each individual, no one can know the income of others

e) Bonus Implementation

Based on work capacity and ability, the workers will be offered the bonus by the company union on time

f) Overall assessment of the issue of motivating employees in the company