THE NATURAL HISTORY OF BRITISH INSECTS VOL 02, DONOVAN

Thorax roundifti: back of the head armed with anerecl fpine,Scarab^us nuchicornis: thorace rotundato, occipite fpina erectaarmato.. The male onlyis furniihed with horns, the head of the

WITH THE PERIODS OF THEIR TRANSFORMATIONS, THEIR FOOD,

(ECONOMY,, &c.

TOGETHER WITH THE

HISTORY OF SUCH MINUTE INSECTS

AS REQUIRE INVESTIGATION BY THE MICROSCOPE,

THE WHOLE ILLUSTRATED ET

F C. AND J- RIVINGTON, N°62, ST. PAUL'S CHURCH-YARD,

John's Square,Ckrkcuwdl,

^.45^5

Ptinus Fur: fufco-ferrugineus, thorace quadridentato, elytris

p 89 n.27

Ptinus Fur: teftaceus fubapterus, thorace quadridentato, elytris

Gmel. Linn Si$ p 1607 n 5

Cerambyx Fur —Linn.Fn Suec 651

Preys Boh.Inf.56 57

Strocm Acl Nidrof 111 393 12

Bruchus Testaceus: La Bruche & bandes Geoffr. Inf.

Parif I p 164 n 4 t. 2./ 6,

Ptinus

80 PLATE CCCCXXII.

Ptinus Rapax : Degeer Inf 4 p 231 n 5 t. 9-/• 5 o 7^

Buprestis Fur : Scop 210

This deftru&ivelittle infe& isproduced from a foftand hairy

fix-footedlarvaofa ferruginous colour, whichpreysonfurniture, books,andotherfimilar articles Itrefides principally in wood, occupying

fmalltubular cavities, which it perforatesin avarietyof directions,reducing, as it proceeds in its devious courfe, the hardeft timberwithin the dimenfions of its receptacle to a light duft or powder.Ptinus Fur is alfo very detrimental to preferved articles of natural

PLATE

Brown: antennayellowilh andpectinated.

Ptinus Pectinicornis: fufcus antennis Iuteispe&inatis Linn

Syji. Nat.p 1.

This fpecies differs very much from the other Infe£ts of thePtinusgenus in having feathered antennas Geoffroy, whodefcribed

it before Linnaeus,called itPtilinus Linnaeusplacedit in hisSyftem

in the Ptinus genus, and to diftinguifh it named it fpecifically

pectinicornis The two fexes of this Infect, may be diftinguilhed

by the form of the antennae; thofe of the female are but {lightly

pectinated, that which we have figured is the male having largefeathered antennas

Thiscreaturelives in decayed wood.

#

SPECIFIC CHARACTER

iNI)SYNONYMS.

Oblong, black, clouded with whitifh down: abdomen and breaft

v/hite.

Dermestes murinus : oblongus tomentofusnigro alboque,

abdo-mine niveo Linn Syjl Nat 2 15(3 3. 18.—

Fn Sv 426

Dermestes murinus. Fabr Ent Si/Ji. T I.p J.230 14

Dermestes murinus : tomentofus fufco cinereoque nebulofus,

fcutello fulvo. Ma«jh Ent.Brit T I.p.Ql 2.

Dermestes nebulosus De Geer Inf 4 197-2.

Feeds onputridcarcafes*

PLATE

SPECIFIC CHARACTER,

JINBSYNONYMS,

Unarmed, black: antennaehairy: wing-cafes ftriated.

Hispa mutica: inerrnis, nigra, antennis pilofis, elytris ltriatis.-—

Linn Syfi. Nat 604- 4,—Fill 1. 170 3.—

Gmel. 1732 4.—Fabr. Syfi, Ent 71 6.

Ptilinus muticus Fab. Ent Syfi, IV App. 443,

Dermeftes clavicornis Linn Fn.Su 413

Tenebrio hirticornis Degeer, v. 47 t. 3.f 1.

A minute fpecies; in its manners faid to referable the Dermeftes

tribe, being like that infect foundamong fur, leather, clothes, &x

to which it provesinjurious The head is exferted, the thorax

angu-Jated; antennaefiliform, andthickeft inthe middle,

T0L XVI, N PLATE

lated, the hind lhanksfpinous.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER

AND

SYNONYMS.

Black: wing-cafes fub-ftriated, withtworedfpots.

Hister quadrimaculatus : ater, elytris fubftriatis, maculis

dua-bus rubris Linn Syft. Nat 567 6.

—

Fn Su.443.—Paykull.Fn. Suec 36 %—MarJJi. T.I.

p 94.fg. 6.

44 PLATE DXXV.

A fcarce Britifh fpecies, found in the dung of animals: it alfo

in-habitsGermanyand otherparts of Europe

Its iize furpafles that of Hifter unicolor; the colourblack, with

a large lunated fpot of redon each of ths wing-cafes Sometimes

thefe fpots are interrupted inthe middle, and infuch fpecimens thewing-cafes exhibit the four diftincT; red fpots which the fpeciiic name

implies The lower furface is entirelyblack, and both the upperandlower furfaces are remarkablygloffy.

The appearance of this infect, when the wing-cafes and wings are

expanded, isveryAngular: this is reprefented inthe annexed plate,together withits afpecl in a quiefcent ftate.

PLATE

'*9

Black: without fcutel: anterior part of the thorax impreffed:

back of thehead armedwith an ere£t fpine, bentat theapex

ScARABiEUS Nutans : exfcutellatusthoraceanticeimpreflb,

occi-pite fpina ereclaapice nutante, corpore rngro Fab,Ent.Syfi T.l.p.59. 194

Scarabaeus nutans Oliv Inf 1.3 145 176.tab. 21 fig. 188

Alocal fpecies It is feldom found in this country Fabriciusnotesitas aSaxon Infe£r

FIG.

Thorax roundifti: back of the head armed with anerecl fpine,

Scarab^us nuchicornis: thorace rotundato, occipite fpina

erectaarmato Linn Syji.Nat

Scarab/EUS Nuchicornis: exfcutellatus, thorace rotundato

mutico, occipitefpina erectaarmato,clypeomarginato.Fab Ent Syji. T.I. 192 p 58

Not uncommon in feveral places near London.

PLATE

Scarabjeus Vacca: exfcutellatus thorace mutico acuminato,

oc-cipite fpina erecla gemina Linn St/ji. Nat 2

547 23

Scarab;eus Vacca. Fabr Sj/Ji. Ent 26 101 Sp Inf 1. 28

126.— Mant. 1. 15 143.—Ent Syji. La. 55.179

ScARABiEUS Vacca Gmel. Syjl. 1543 25

Marjh Ent Brit T I.p 34 61

Copris Geof. 1 90 5

Copris confpurcatus Fourc 14 5

Onthophagus Vacca Lair Gen Cruji et Inf T 2.p 87

60 PLATE DLXI.

An infecl: of very remarkable and interefting figure, efpecially inthe front view, the horns on the head refembling thofe of the cow

The male onlyis furniihed with horns, the head of the female, as in

many other fpecies of this tribe, having only aflight protuberance

dung

Thefmaller figure reprefents the naturalfize.

PLATE

p

fcure black, fprinkled with fmall fpots of adeep yellow Feetare of

3dirtybrown colour

This beautiful animal was defcribed by Fabricius as an EnglifhInfect inhis firft work, the Syjiema Entomologist, butwehave neverfeen afpecimen ofit before A figure of this Infectmaybe found inFuefly, Jablotijky, and Olivier; but thefeworks being in fewhands,

mologift,

Fiff I. The natural fize denotedbya line.

Fig I. The magnified appearance

It is alfo figured by Jablonfey and Olivier, and is defcribed by

Fab'ricius inhis new Workthe Entomologiae Syfcema

Fig II. The line (hews the natural fize.

Fig.II. Magnifiedappearance

F I G.

We are of opinion that the three InSects in the annexed plate will

be newto moft of our EngliSh Collectors, notwithstanding they are

to be foundin this country*

As it would be very difficult, if not impofllble, to give a juftpresentation of thefe minute Infects in the natural Size, we have pre-

accom-pany each, and bear the fame numbers, denote the true Size of the

originalSpecimens

Fig III. The linemews the natural fize.

Fig.III. Magnified appearance

This fpecies is defcribedby Linncem, Fabricius^and other authors,andhasbeen figured by Olivier and JMonfiy, being frequently met

Withinforeign cabinets It is the Smallest ofthis genus

Olivierdefcribesthis infect as having theantenna; andfeet red; but

it isnot (oin our Specimen

Scutellum, thoraxand headblack Wing-cafespalebrown,ftriated,

and fomewhatteffellated with linear blackmarks

Scarab^us luridus: fcutellatus capite tuberculato ater, elytris

grifeis nigro flriatis. Fab Ent.Syji.T I.p 29

Sp 91

^

Scarabjeus luridus. Oliv Inf i 3. 90 loo tab. 18 fig. 68

andtab. 26 fig. 168

Scarabasus teffellatus. Myth Zool Dan.

Jabl Coleopt 2 tab. 1% fig. 3.

Fabriciusdefcribesthis fpecies from a fpecimen in the cabinet of

Sir J Banks, and notes its habitat England From this

circum-ftance we may inferthat it is not common inothercountries,though

we are certain it is a native ofDenmark and Germany.

H 4 PLATE

% ^"^F

^ nK

Head tuberculated: wing-cafes red: bodyblack.

Scararjeus Fimetabius: capite tuberculato, elytris rubris,

corpore nigro Marjh Ent Brit T 1.

p 10 n Soakab^us Fimetabius: ater, capite tuberculato_, elytrisrubris

7-Linn Fn Suec 3Q5.—Syjl Nat 548 32.—

Fabr fp. Inf 1. p 16 n 64 Ent Syfi. 1.

27- 84

Scarabaeus pilularius nonus Raj- Inf.p 106 n

9-LeScababe Bedeau: Geoffr.Inf 1. p 81 n 18

Very common in the dung of cattle.

In

30 PLATE CCCCIV.

Thehead of this mkciisblack: the ihieldofthe head fubrotund:thorax punctured and black, with alarge anteriorteftaceous fpoton

reddiih : the legs are black, except thetarfi, which arerufous

Head tuberculated : thoraceblack: margin pale with a black dot

oneach fide : wing-cafes teftaceous

Scaeab/EUS Sordidus: capitetuberculato, thorace nigro: margine

pallido: punclo nigro, elytris-teftaceis. Marjh

Scarab^tjs Sordidus : capite tuberculato, thorace nigro: mai>

gine pallido,punftonigro, elytris grifeis. Fabr.Spec Inf I. 17 68

—

Syft I. 29- 90.—Schaeff. Icon t. 74./ 3,

platebeing magnified;and,like that fpecies, it isfound inhorfe-dung,butlefsfrequently

The antennae arepale: head pale withthree tuberculations: thoraxpunctured, black,with an entire pale or reddiih border, which is

broadefi

PLATE CCCCIV. SI

broadeft atthe fides, and a fingle lateral dot of black: wingcafes

but whichin fome fpecimens are fcarcely vilible.

Among other varieties of Scarabasus sordidus, we fometimes

obferve it without any of thofe blackfpots, which appear fo

con-fpicuous on the wing-cafes of the infecl: delineated at No.2 An

enlarged figureofthis immaculate varietyis reprefentedat fig. 3

ScakabyEUS Cgprintjs : ater, elytris punQato-ftriatis teflaceis:

futura nigra Marjli Ent Syjl.T.l'.p 12 re.11

ScARABiEUS SoRBENs Gmel. 1546 413?

Found indung This is a fcarce fpecies, and hasnotbeen noticed

bvFabricius

PLATE

' ^ V

w^

Thorax black and glabrous: head tuberculated: wing-cafes

tefta-ceous, with fiveblack fpots

Scarabjeus Attaminatus: thorace nigro glabro, capite

tuber-berculato,elytris teftaceis : maculis quinquenigris.

Marjh Ent Brit T I. p 13 n 15

Scarabaeus Inquinatus: Panz. Ent Germ.7 23

The fmalleftinfedt, fliewn at fig 1 , reprefents the natural fizeofScarabaeus Attaminatus It isfound in dung,but notverycommonly The head and thorax is black, and deftitute of fpots: wing-cafesteftaceous, ftriated,andmarked withfiveblackfpotseach Oneofthofefituated atthe bafe, is of a fomewhatoblong figure; another ratherlonger, isplaced more laterally, and between that and the exterior

66 PLATE CCCCXVIL

margin of the wing-cafes is another: near the future, and before themiddle ofthewing-cafes, isa fourth fpot; andafifthtowards the end,placed tranfverfely.—Varieties occur in which the thorax is reddifh

Scarab.eus Sphacelatus: niger, capite tuberculato, margine

thoracis pallido, elytris grifeis punclato-ftriatis:

lituraunicafufca. MarJh.Ent. Brit T I.p 15,

n 20

Panz Faun Germ. 58 t. 5

Veryabundant indung Size thefame as intheprecedingfpecies

The antenna of this infeft is black: head obfolete, tubulated,

and black: thorax black, gloffy, and veryminutely punctured, with

FIG.

Black: thorax fomewhat retufe: head with three tubercles and

fomewhatcornutedin themiddle

Scarab^us Fossoe: niger, thorace fubretufo, capite tuberculis

tribus: medio fubcornuto Linn Sj/Ji. Nat

548 31.—Fn Suec S84.—JFaftr. Sp Inf I.

p 15 n 59-— Mant. Inf I. p 8. w 62

—

Marjh. Ent Brit T.I. p 16 n 24,

LaTeteArmee: Geoffr Inf I. p 82 n 20

Schaeff Icon t. 144 / 78

The length of this infect rather exceeds three-eights of an inch

:

thecolour is entirelyblack, glabrous, fmooth, and mining; its thorax

isvery convex: wing-cafes oblong andfiliated : antennae lamellated

;

and wings fufcous Foundindung

Pitchy: antennae pale: wing-cafes fmooth.

ScarAb;eus Rufipes : piceus, antennis pallidis, elytris lasvibus.

Linn Syft. Nat 55Q 86.—Fn Suec 403.—

Gmel 1552 §Q.—Marjh Ent. Brit T L

p 25 n 42

Scarabjeus Capitatus: De Geer,4 p.263 7- t. 10.f 6.

Scarabjeus Oblongus: Scop

19-About the fize, and has the fame habits as the preceding, thefigure in the annexedplate beingmagnified Itis entirely ofa blackcolour andgloffy: Ihield of the head obtufe: laftjoints of the legspalerufous

PLATE

Wing-cafes glabrous and Very fmooth; fliield of the head

rhom-boidal: crown (lightlyprominent*

ScAR.AE.asus Vernalis: elytris glabris laeviffimisj capitis clypeo

rhombeo: vertice prominulo Linn Syfi. Nat

551 43;—-Fn. Suec 3§9.—Paykutt Fn Suec,

1. 6 Q.—Fabr. Syfi. Ent 17.61.—Sp Inf 1.

19.75.—Mant. 1. 10 82.—Ent Syst 1 a.31

9$.—GmeLLinn Syst.Nat 1549.A3.—Geoffr

1.77 10.—Fourc 1. 7 10.—Herbji Arch 1.

Geqtuufes veknalis. Latr Gen. Cruji etInf T Q.p 94,

Allied to Scarabaeus ftercorarius., from which it differschiefly io.

beingfmaller, and in having the wing-cafes fmooth inftead of beingfurrowed There isa variety ofthis fpecies, inwhichtheviolefcence

is not very perceptible, and which hasbeenoccasionally mistaken, on.

thataccount, foradiftin6lfpecies

fome-ScaraBjEUS sylvaticus: violaceus nitidus, thorace utrinque

im-preflb, elytris fubftriatis, tarfis piceis Marjk

Ent

PLATE DXLVU. 19Ent Brit T.l.p. 23.3$.—Paykull.Fn Suec.

1.55.—Panz Ent.Germ.8.31

Antennae clavate, the club lamellate; feelers four; the anterior

flianksufually denticulate

14 PLATE CCCCLXX.

ferved it atBarmouth, infimilar fituations, in other partsofBritain

Mr Hooke metwithitnear Hull,andMr.Leach,atClonkelty,inland Ittherefore appears, uponthe modfatisfactoryinformation, to

Ire-bealocal fpecies, and one confined toraarfhyandfandy placesin th<rvicinityofthefea.

PLATE

Anterior partof the thorax truncated, and five-toothed: an ere£t

horn onthe head

SYNODENDRON cylindricum: thorace antice tnmcato quinque

dentato, capitis cornu erecto Fabr Ent Syjl.

T I. p 2. 358 94 n 1.

PaykullFaun Suec 111 140 1.

. Panz. Ent Germ. 282 1.

Fuejl.Archiv 67-4

Scarabjeus cylindricus. Linn. Syfi. Nat 544 11.—Faun,

Suec 380.— Gmel. 1532 11

Lucanus cylindricus Lakh. Inf Tyr 3.4

Marjh Ent.Brit T 1. 50.4

Scop Ann 5.—Nat Hi/?, 10

1

Antennae, of feven laminae* Head, thorax, and fhclls brown,

fpottedwith white Beneathwhite

Scarabjeus Fullo fcutellatus muticus, antennis heptaphylhs3

corpore nigro pilis albis, fcutello macula

duplici alba. Linn Syji. Nat 2 553"

57,—Fn. Sv 394.

ScARAEiEUS, &c Geoff Inf I.69 2

Frifcb Inf. 11 tab. i.fig. I.

Scarabjeus Variegatus Roef Inf. 4.tab. 30

Schaff Icon. tab. 23.fig. 2.

Hcefn Inf 2 tab 7.

Sulz Hifi. Inf I I.

Melolontha Fullo i5^. ty«. Inf 1. 35- *•

Exceptthe Stag Beetle, (Cervus Lucanus) whichisfigured already

England, it is extremely rare, and is faid to be metwith only in thelandon the fea coaft near Sandwich

* Theantenn*of themale is very lar S e, as(hewnin our%ure; theantenn*of the female is reprefented at Fig I.

P T A T £

ScARAiMJUS Agricola: nigro-aeneuS;thoracevillofo, elytrislividis:

limbofafciaque arcuata nigris. Marjh Ent Brit

T.I.p 43 fp 76

ScARABiEUs agricola. Linn Syft. Nat 2 .553. £8

Melo-84 PLATE CCCXC.

Melolontha agricola : thorace villofo, elytris lividis: limbo

fafciaque nigris, clypeo apice reflexo tabr byjl.

Aboutthe latterend of themonth of July, 1801, we were fo for'

the fea coaft of the county of Caermarthen, South Wales, therebyafcertaining, beyond a doubt, the exiftence of this lovely infect in

be-fore the time of Linn&us, and has been fmce mentioned by

vari-ous continental authors, but no writer has hitherto fpoken of it as

a native of this country, with theexception of Mr Marfham, who,

on our authority, inferred this fpecies in his recent publication,

En-tomologia Britannica The difcovery of this infect we may

va-luable acceffion to the Britiih Fauna.

Thebeauty of this infect, when alive, was eminently finking: the

thorax didnotappear of that obfcure dufky hue obfervable in deadfpeciniens: both that part ofthe thorax,and thehead,were of a rich

braffy-green colour, and {lightly villous; and the dark margin, withthe band acrofs the wing-cafes, though

black, were elegantlygloffed

with purple

FIG