Kiểm soát các hành vi nguy cơ của bệnh không lây nhiễm trong quân đội năm 2014_Risk taking behaviours of non communicable diseases among military community in 2014

Kiểm soát các hành vi nguy cơ của bệnh không lây nhiễm trong quân đội năm 2014_Risk taking behaviours of non communicable diseases among military community in 2014 1. INTRODUCTIONNoncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of adult mortality and morbidity worldwide including the Southeast Asia region (SEAR).NCDs are preventable diseases The challenges lie in reducing the avoidable deaths and disabilities related to NCDs as much as possible with the available resources.2. PROBLEM STATEMENT JUSTIFICATIONNCDs are a growing public health emergency. Worldwide, NCDs kill over 35 million people each year, (representing nearly twothirds of the world’s deaths) and onethird of those deaths occur before age 60.As Myanmar moves on the path of socioeconomic development and changing lifestyle, there is a shift in epidemiological transition towards NCDs

RISK TAKING BEHAVIOURS OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES AMONG

Defence Services Medical Academy, Myanmar

05/21/2024

1 Introduction

2 Problem Statement & Justification

3 Research Objectives & Methodology

4 Results

5 Discussion and conclusion

6 References

1 INTRODUCTION

cause of adult mortality and morbidity worldwide including the Southeast Asia region (SEAR).

 The challenges lie in reducing the avoidable deaths and disabilities related to NCDs as much as possible with the available resources.

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2 PROBLEM STATEMENT &

JUSTIFICATION

 NCDs are a growing public health emergency

 Worldwide, NCDs kill over 35 million people each year,

(representing nearly two-thirds of the world’s deaths) and

one-third of those deaths occur before age 60.

 As Myanmar moves on the path of socioeconomic development and changing lifestyle, there is a shift in epidemiological transition towards NCDs

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following table is shown:

3 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

METHODOLOGY

 General Objective

non-communicable diseases among military personnel and their family members in selected military units

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 Specific Objective

1. To explore the socio-demographic characteristics of

respondents

2. To determine the tobacco consumption practice

3. To determine the alcohol drinking practice

4. To describe the healthy dietary practice

5. To identify the BMI, hypertension and diabetes status

6. To find out relationship between social

demographical characteristics, smoking, betel

chewing, drinking alcohol, dietary pattern with

hypertension, diabetes and BMI

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 Community based cross-sectional descriptive study

 Military personnel and their family members (age group

≥18 years of both sexes) from selected military units

 Seven study areas and collecting the data from 31st May

to 15th June 2014

 Sample size is 1035 respondents from different areas

 Informed consent was also obtained for blood sample

for checking blood glucose level by Glucose test strips

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A Age and sex distribution of respondents

A(1) Age distribution of respondents

18-25 26-35 36-45 >45

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

• Mean age = 39.96 ± 10.96 year

• Minimum and maximum age 18 years and 63 years respectively

4 RESULTS

A(2) Gender distribution of respondents

36.2 %

63.8 %

male female

• Male participants = 375 (36.2%)

• Female participants = 660 (63.8%)

B Distribution of tobacco smoking, betel

chewing and alcohol consumption status

Betel chewer 199(53.1%

) 226(34.2%) 425 Non-betel

C Distribution of healthy dietary patterns

and physical activity among respondents

D Distribution of Blood pressure, Random blood

Number Percent

Blood pressure (Normal) 809 78.2%

Hypertensive stage (Systolic BP 140

mmHg or more and Diastolic BP 90

Male Female Total

Chi-square p value

Hypertensi

on

73 (19.5%

)

153 (23.2%

)

226 (21.8%) 1.9 0.164Diabetes (4.8%)18 (5.5%)36 (5.2%)54 0.207 0.649

Obese (15.5%58

)

180 (27.3%

)

238 (23.0%)

50.1 <0.001 Obesity (1.6%)6 (9.4%)62 (6.6%)68

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E Association

E.(1) Association between hypertension, diabetes, BMI and gender

<18.5 18.5-24.9 25-29.9 >29.9 Total squareChi- p value

Smoker 27

(13.0%

)

151 (72.9%) (13.0%)27 (1.0%)2 (100%)207

33.7 <0.001 Non-

exercises (10.2%45

)

287 (64.9%) (20.6%)91 (4.3%)19 (100%)442

10.6 <0.014 Not doing

regular

exercises

49 (8.3%) (58.7%)348 (24.8%)147 (8.3%)49 (100%)593

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E.(2) association between hypertension, diabetes, BMI and

gender

F Correlation

F(1) Correlation between age of respondents and systolic blood

pressure

r = 0.122, p value <0.001

F(2) Correlation between age of respondents and random blood sugar

r = 0.104, p value = 0.001

F(3) Correlation between age of respondents and BMI

r = 0.302, p value <0.01 19

F(4) Correlation between BMI and systolic blood pressure

F(5) Correlation between BMI and random blood sugar

 This study found out the risk behaviours of communicable diseases such as tobacco smoking alcohol drinking, dietary patterns, physical exercises, high blood pressure and diabetes.

non- Mean age of this study was 38.9±10.9 years

 Female proportion was more than male proportion which was similar with the study done in Brazil about risk behaviours of NCD (Longo GZ et al., 2007)

 Prevalence of tobacco smoking was (46.9%) in male (higher than the National survey,2009) and (4.7%) in female (less than the National survey,2009) and alcohol drinking was (61/3%) in male and (5.1%) in female

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5.DISCUSSION

 Almost all of them participants in this study ate fruits and vegetables in a week, but more than half of participants used poly-saturated oil because of their socio-economic status and they even don’t know the danger of poly-saturated oil.

 One third of the study population have no physical activity which was similar to the survey of non-communicable risk factors done in Nepal

 In our study, male and female ratio of overweight (15.5% & 27.3%) and obesity (1.6% & 9.4%) were different and higher percentage of obesity in women was found compared with National Health Survey of Myanmar, 2009

 After measuring, 21.8% and 5.2% found raised blood pressure and raised random blood sugar level respectively.

 No obvious different between gender among hypertension and diabetes in this study which was similar result with two studies (Oli N et al., 2013 and Timothy S.Laux et al., 2009)

 Male were more common in smoking, betel chewing and alcohol drinking

 Female were more common to be in overweight and obese

in BMI

 Doing regular exercise is a preventive factor for overweight and obesity

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 NCDs are emerging as a public health problem

 Survey of risk behaviours of NCDs is essential

 Risk factors were found in one third of the respondents

 Fruits and vegetables consumption was acceptable although still using poly-saturated oil in their daily cooking

 Overweight and obesity still high in this study and female were more prone to be overweight and obesity

6.CONCLUSION

 Multiplicative nature of risk factors suggests community-based behavioural and lifestyle-related interventions

 To reduce the modifiable risk factors, interventions, such as tobacco control, production and supply of healthy foods, regulation of unhealthy foods, and urban planning to promote physical activity, need to be implemented.

8 REFERENCES

1. WorldHealthOrganization, Non-Communicable Diseases in the South-East Asia

Region: Situation and Response 2011, World Health Organization, New Delhi,

India, 2011.

2. McKeown, T (1965) Medicine in modern society Medical planning based on

evaluation of medical achievement George Allen & Unwin, London.

3. McKeown, T and Lowe, C.R (1974) An introduction to social medicine

Blackwell Scientific, Oxford.

5.  National health plan ( 2006 – 2011): non-communicable diseases project Nay

Pyi Taw, Ministry of Health.

6. Executive Board of the WHO (2000) Prevention and control of

noncommunicable diseases EB105.R12, 27 January 2000 WHO, Geneva.

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THANK YOU