giáo trình bài tập cơ kết cấu 2 đầy đủ và chi tiết sẽ giúp các bạn học tập tốt hơn đối với môn cơ kết cấu,nắm chắc kiến thức nền tảng về kết cấubài tập cơ kết cấu 1,bài tập cơ kết cấu 2,cách giải bài tập cơ kết cấu 1,hướng dẫn giải bài tập cơ kết cấu 2
Trang 1
Bài 1: Tính hệ siêu tĩnh theo phương pháp lực
4 3.75
3
7.5
10
2.9 I
3.4 I
10
3.4 I
1 bậc siêu tĩnh.
n = 3*V- K= 3*2- 4= 2 bậc siêu tĩnh
2.xác định 3 hệ cơ bản.
x2
x1
x1 x2
q
q
(a)
Trang 2x1 x2
M
q
(b)
q
q
(c)
x1 M1
3.phương trình cân bằng chính tắc.
11*x1 +12*x2 + 1P=0
21*x1+ 22*x2+ 2P=0
4.xác định các hệ số và số hạng tự do.
Trang 3x1=1
7.5
7.5
5.68
(M1)
5/11 1
5/11
0
5/11
(N1)
x2=1
x2=1
(M2)
3.75
3.75
2.84
0
5/22 27/22
0
5/22
(N2)
281.25
70.3125
600 720
803 25
(M P)0
470/33
2120/33
(N P)0
11=(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI M1)*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI M1)+(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI N1)*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI EI(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI EI
Trang 4(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 1/2*7.5*7.5*2/3*7.5) +1/3.4EI(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 1/2*7.5*5*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 2/3*7.5+1/3*5.68)+
1/2*5*5.68*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 2/3*5.68+1/3*7.5)+1/2*5.68*12.5*2/3*5.68))+1/EA(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 5/11*10.5*5/11)
=238.2/EI
22=(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI M2)*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI M2)+ (M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI N2)*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI N2)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI EI(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 7.5*3.75*3.75)+
1/3.4EI(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 3.75*3.75*1/2*2/3*3.75)+ 1/3.4EI(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 3.75*3.75*1/2*2/3*3.75)+
1/3.4EI(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 3.75*5*1/2*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 2/3*3.75+1/3*2.84)+1/2*5*2.84*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 2/3*2.84+1/3*3.75)+
1/3.4EI(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 1/2*2.84*12.5*2/3*2.84)+1/EA(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 5/22*10.5*5/22)=82/EI
21=12=(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI M1)*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI M2)-(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI N1)*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI N2)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI EI (M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 1/2*7.5*7.5*3.75)-
1/3.4EI[1/2*7.5*5*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 2/3*3.75+1/3* 2.84)+1/2*5.68*5*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 2/3*2.84+1/3*3.75)] -
1/3.4EI*1/2*5.68*12.5*2/3*2.84-1/EA(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 5/22*10.5*5/11) =-34.24/EI
. 1P=(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI M1)*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI MP)-(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI N1)*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI NP)=1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI EI(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 1/2*281.25*7.5*2/3*7.5-
2/3*70.3125*7.5*1/2*7.5)- 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI EI (M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 1/2*7.5*7.5*2/3*600)- 1/3.4EI
[1/2*720*5*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 1/3*5.68+2/3*7.5)+1/2*803*5*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 2/3*5.68+1/3*7.5)+2/3*5*1/2(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 5.68+
7.5)]- 1/3.4EI (M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 1/2*5.68*12.5*2/3*803)-1/EA(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 5/11*10.5*2120/33)=-20759EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 2/EI
2P=(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI M2*MP)+(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI N1)*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI N2)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI EI*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 1/2*281.25*7.5*3.75-
2/3*70.3125*7.5*3.75)+1/3.4EI*[1/2*720*5*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 2/3*3.75+1/3*2.84)+1/2*803*5*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 2/3
*2.84+1/3*3.7 5)+2/3*5*25*1/2*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 3.75+2.84)]+
1/3.4EI*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 1/2*2.84*12.5*2/3*803)+1/EA(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 5/22*2120/33*10.5)=10108.6/EI
5.Giải hệ phương trình chính tắc: 238.2*x1 -34.237*x2- 20759EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 2=0
6.vẽ biểu đồ mô men uốn: -34.237*x1+ 82*x2+10108.6=0 => x1=73.85
x2=-9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 2.4
x1=73.85
x1=73.85
553.875
553.875
419.468
(M1)
73.85
33.57
0 33.57
Trang 5x2=-92.4
(M2)
-346.5
-346.5
-262.416
0
-21 -113.4
0
-21
(N2)
281.25
70.3125
600 720
803
25
(M P)0
2120/33
470/33
2120/33 (N P)0
Trang 6346.5 346.5
180.4
46.1 121
70.3125
25
(MP)
346.5
7.kiểm tra (Mk)*(M1):
M1*M=1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI EI*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI
0.5*488.62*7.5*2/3*7.5-2/3*70.3125*7.5*0.5*7.5-
0.5*346.5*7.5*1/3*7.5)-1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI EI*46.1*7.5*0.5*2/3*7.5+1/3.4EI*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 0.5*346.5*7.5*1/3*7.5)-1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 0.5*180.4*5*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 0.5*346.5*7.5*1/3*7.5)-1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI
2/3*7.5+1/3*5.68)-0.5*121*5*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 1/3*7.5+2/3*5.68)-2/3*25*5*0.5*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI
7.5+5.68))-
1/AE*5/11*10.5*9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 67=
1584.423/EI-29EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 8.06/EI+19EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 3.53/EI-842.255/EI-637.64/EI=0
.M2*M= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI EI*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI
0.5*488.62*7.5*3.75-2/3*70.3125*7.5*3.75-0.5*346.5*7.5*3.75)-1/3.4EI*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 3.75*3.75*0.5*2/3*346.5) -0.5*488.62*7.5*3.75-2/3*70.3125*7.5*3.75-0.5*346.5*7.5*3.75)-1/3.4EI*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 0.5*180.4*5*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI
2/3*3.75+1/3*2.84)-0.5*121*5*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 1/3*3.75+2/3*2.84)-2/3*25*5*0.5*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 3.75+2.84))+
1/3.4EI*2.84*12.5*0.5*2/3*121+50/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI EI*5/22*10.5*9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 67= 234.553/EI -477.711/
EI
-9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 6.76/EI+339EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI /EI=0
MoP*M=
8 biểu đồ lực cắt.
Trang 7148.85
6.15
92.4
60.28
9.6
(QP)
9.biểu đồ lực dọc.
9.67
73.85 92.4
80
132.7 69.8
(NP)
39.8
10.Tính chuyển vị tại A
đặt taị A một mô men có độ lớn bằng 1
Trang 81
A=(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI MP)*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI Mk)= -1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI EI*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 0.5*488.62*7.5*1-2/3*70.3125*7.5*1-0.5*346.5*7.5*1)= -62.55/EI
Ngược chiều với mô men
BÀI 2:
Cho cơ hệ như hv:
12.5
7.5 12.5
7.5 10
120
2.9I
3.4I
80
2.9I
10
7.5
1.xác định bậc siêu động:
n = n1+n2 trong đó n1=1 (M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI số nút cứng trong
Trang 9tính n2:
thêm liên kêt
Thay các ngàm và nút bằng các khớp, chỉ cần thêm một lien kết để hệ bất biến hình => n2=1
vậy bậc siêu động là : n=2
2.xác định hệ cơ bản:
80 120
10 10
3.hệ phương trình chính tắc: r11*z1+r12*z2+R1p=0
Trang 10r21*z1+r22*z2+R2p=0
4.vẽ biểu đồ (Mk) và biêu đồ (M0p) Xác định hệ số và số hạng tự do của hệ
phương trình chinh tắc.
3EI/L=3*3.4EI/12.5=0.816EI
(M1)
3EI/L=3*2.9EI/7.5=1.16EI
3EI/L=3*3.4*EI/7.5=1.36EI 4EI/L=4*2.9EI/12.5=0.928EI
2EI/L=2*2.9EI/12.5=0.464EI
3EI/L=3*2.9EI/12.5=0.05568EI
6EI/L=0.11136EI
2
6EI/L=0.111362
3EI/L=3*2.9EI/7.5=58/375EI2 2
(M2)
Trang 11ql/8=195.3125
ql/8=195.3125
2
2
2
ql/8=195.31252 65.1125
=80*3.75*3.75/2*7.5*(2*7.5-3.75)=112.5
Pab/l=150
93.75
(M P)
M=120
.xác định các hệ số và số hạng tự do Xác định r11: tách nút 1 trong biểu đồ M1
1.36EI
1.16EI 0.816EI
0.928EI
r11
58/375EI
0.11136EI
r12
112.5 120
130.2
R1P
Trang 12
3EI/L=0.00445EI3 12EI/L=0.0178EI3
12EI/L=0.021EI
r22
3
62.5 46.875
R22
Từ đó ta được: r11=4.264EI ; r12=r21=0.0433EI; R1P= -102.3; R2p=-109EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 375; r22=0.0477EI;
5 giải hệ phương trình chính tắc:
4.264EI*z1+ 0.0433EI*z2= 102.3
0.0433EI*z1 + 0.0477EI*z2=109EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 375
Ta được: z1=0.713/EI; z2=229EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 2.33/EI
6.vẽ biểu đồ mô men.
Trang 13(M1)
0.827
0.969 0.66
0.33
255.27
354.55
(M2)
*Biểu đồ MP:
Trang 14195.3125
127.63
0.582 355.377
111.531
150
125.4
124.4
195.3125 94.235
7.vẽ biểu đồ Q:
100.83
99.16
10.21
0.04656
47.38
37.42
54.87
8.tính chuyển vị ngang tai A.
Trang 1512.5
(Mk)
yA=(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI Mk)*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI MP)=1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI EI*(M1)*(M1)+(N1)*(N1)= 1/2.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 0.5*322.9EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 425*12.5*2/3*12.5-2/3*12.5*19EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 5.3125*1/2*12.5 =229EI( 7.5*7.5*1/2*2/3*7.5)+ 1/2.9EI 2.205/EI
Cùng chiều với lực F