XI: REPORTED SPEECH a.Commands, requests in Reported Speech: tờng thuật câu yêu cầu hoặc đề nghị *Câu tờng thuật hay còn gọi là câu nói gián tiếp là cách nói mà ngời ta dùng để thuật lại
Trang 1ÔN TẬP KIỂM TRA HỌC KỲ II
MÔN TIẾNG ANH 8
A Grammar
I
Phrases of purpose: in order (not) to
so as to (not) to + infinitive Ex: 1/ I study English well in order to / so as to communicate with foreigners.
2/ She gets up early in order not to / so as not to go to school late.
II Can / Could / Will / Would + you + V ?
Ex: - Would you like + to-inf ? - Yes, please / No, thanks
- Can I get you + V bare inf ? - That would be nice
- Will you have / Won’t you have ? - No, thank you
III Adjective:
1 Followed by an infinitive : It’s + adjective + to-V
- It’s dangerous to swim in that river
- It’s easy to learn English
- It’s difficult to do that exercise
(easy, difficult, hard, dangerous, important, necessary, lovely, interesting, nice, great…)
2 Folled by a noun clause: adjective + a noun clause
- They are delighted that you passed your exam
- I’m sure that they will come.
(happy, delighted, sad, sure, certain, relieved, afraid, sorry…)
IV.The present perfect(Thì hiện tại hoàn thành)
1-Công thức: (+) S + have/ has + V-pp ( V-ed / cột 3 )
(-) S + have / has + not + V-pp
(?) Have/ Has + S + V-pp ?
-Yes, S + have/ has.
-No, S + have/ hasn’t.
Notes: Have: I, they, we, you, 2TR
Has : she, he, it, 1TR
2- Cách dùng:
- Diễn tả một sự việc đã xảy ra trong quá khứ và còn liên quan đến hiện tại
Ex: I have lived in Da Lat since 2004.
She has been here for 4 years.
Have you seen the film “Romeo and Juliet” yet ?
We haven’t met her yet
Ny has already finished her homework
*Các từ đi kèm:
yet: chỉ dùng trong câu phủ định và câu hỏi
For + khoảng thời gian
Since + mốc thời gian ở quá khứ
already: mang nghĩa khẳng định, đứng ngay sau have/ has
V V-ing and V-ed participles
1 Present Participle Phrases: thường được dùng với người
- The boy standing over there is Jack.
- The boys playing in the garden are his sons.
2 Past Participle Phrases: thường được dùng với đồ vật
- The car made from recycled aluminum cans is 5 dollars.
- The doll dressed in blue is Mary’s.
VI ‘mind‘ in requests :
Do you mind +V-ing
Would you mind
Do you mind if I + V- inf ?
Would you mind if I + V-ed/V- 2 ?
Examples:
Trang 2- Do you mind opening the window?
- Would you mind opening the window?
* Đồng ý:
- No, I don’t mind - No, of course not - Please do
- Not at all - No problem - Please go ahead
-* Từ chối:
- I’m sorry, I can’t - I’m afraid, I can’t - I’d rather you didn’t.
- I’m sorry, that is not possible - I’d prefer you didn’t.
VI: Past progressive
(+)S + was/ were + V-ing…
(-) S + was/ were + not + V-ing…
(?) Was/ Were + S + V-ing ?
-Yes, S + was/ were
-No, S + was/ were + not
b-Cỏch dựng:
-Diễn tả 1 hành động đang xảy ra tại một thời điểm xỏc định trong quỏ khứ
Ex: I was watching TV at 8 o’clock last night
c-Cỏc từ đi kốm:
At 8 o’clock last night, at this time last week/ month/ year, when , while.
-> past progressive with WHEN : S + was/ were + V-ing when + S + V2 / ed
-> past progressive with WHILE : S + V 2 / ED + while + S + was / were + V-ing
Ex: The doorbell rang (ring) while Tom was watching (watch) TV
They (make) was ma k ing dinner when Peter (arrive) arrived home.
VII-Thỡ hiện tại tiếp diễn với “always”: Mang ý nghĩa than phiền
You are always getting up late in winter
Mai is always getting up late in winter
S + am/ is / are + always + V ing
VIII QUESTIONS WORDS BEFORE TO-INFINITIVES: Wh-word + to-infinitive
Những động từ thường dựng trong cấu trỳc này là: tell, show, point out, learn …
- He told me what to do
- He showed us how to open the box
- He pointed out where to get tickets
IX VERB + TO-INFINITIVE
Những động từ thường dựng trong cấu trỳc này là:start, begin, decide, want, try, manage, would like, agree, …
- I want to buy a new shirt.
- He decided to go home.
- They started to run.
X.COMPOUND WORDS WITH : noun – V-ing
- The people who love peace => The peace-loving people
- The story that breaks our heart => The heart-breaking story
XI: REPORTED SPEECH
a.Commands, requests in Reported Speech: tờng thuật câu yêu cầu hoặc đề nghị
*Câu tờng thuật (hay còn gọi là câu nói gián tiếp) là cách nói mà ngời ta dùng để thuật lại hay kể lại cho ai nghe những gì mà ngời khác đã hoặc đang nói Khi đổi từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp cần thay đổi đại từ nhõn xưng, tõn ngữ cho phự hợp
Trực tiếp: “Please, V + ……., + (Tên)” , S + said / told.
Gián tiếp : S + told + O(tên) + to + V………
VD: “Please wait for me, Mary” Tom said
=>Tom told Mary to wait for him.
*Phủ định:
Trực tiếp: “Please, Don’t + V + ……., + (Tên)” , S + said / told.
Gián tiếp : S + told + O(tên) + not + to + V………
VD: “Don’t talk in class!” teacher said.
=> Teacher told the students not to talk in class.
Trang 3b Advice in Reported Speech: tờng thuật lời khuyên
Miss Wilson said Tim should use this
book
Miss Wilson said Tim should get up
earlier
Miss Wilson said you should use that book
Miss Wilson said you should get up earlier
*Có thể tổng hợp thành bảng sau :
COMMANDS, REQUESTS AND ADVICE IN REPORTED SPEECH Imperativ
Affirmative
Imperative
V1 + ……
Mike said to Henry, “Come
in, please.”
S+ told / asked O + to + V1 + ……
Mike told Mary to come in
Negative
Imperative
Don’t + V1 + ……
"Don't play on the grass,
boys," she said
S+ told / asked O + not + to + V1 +
…
She asked the boys not to play on the
grass
Requests
“Can/could/ may /might
you ?”
“Could you close this door?”, said Nam to me
S+ told / asked O + to V1
Nam asked / requested me to close that
door
Advice
“ You should / ought to
+ V1….”
He said to his son,” You should do your homework tonight.”
S+ told + O +(that) S+ should/ ought
+ to V1
He told his son he should do his homework that night
Direct
speech Reported speech - Ngụi thứ nhất chuyển về cựng ngụi với người núi (I → he, she; me →him/ her; my→
his, her )
- Ngụi thứ 2 chuyển về cựng ngụi với người nghe (you →I, we, he, she, they; you →
me, us, him, her, them; your→ my )
-Ngụi thứ 3 khụng đổi (he/she/ it/ they)
This / These
/ Here
→ That / Those / There
Now/ Today/
Tonight
→Then /That day /That
night Tomorrow
Yesterday
Next week /
year
Last week /
year
→ The next/ following day
→ The day before
→ The following week/
year
→ The previous week /
year
c Direct – reported speech: (Câu trực tiếp- Câu gián tiếp)
+Câu trực tiếp: là câu nói đợc thuật lại đúng nguyên văn lời của ngời nói
VD:Tom said, “I like reading books”
Note: câu trực tiếp đợc viết trong ngoặc kép, và ngăn cách với mệnh đề tờng thuật bởi dấu phẩy.
+Câu gián tiếp: là lời nói đợc thuật lại với ý và từ của ngời thuật nhng vẫn giữ nguyên ý
VD: Tom said he liked reading books
Note: Câu gián tiếp không bị ngăn cách bởi dấu phẩy, dấu ngoặc kép và luôn tận cùng bằng dấu chấm.
*Câu trực tiếp và câu gián tiếp bao giờ cũng gồm hai phần:
-Câu tờng thuật/ mệnh đề tờng thuật
-Câu trực tiếp hay câu gián tiếp
Tom said, “I like reading books”
MĐ tờng thuật câu trực tiếp
Tom said he liked reading books
MĐ tờng thuật câu gián tiếp
*Những thay đổi khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp :
Trang 4-Đổi ngôi, đổi thì, từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn theo quy tắc.
1-Đổi ngôi:
-Ngôi thứ nhất: I, me, my, mine, myself, we, us, our, ours, ourselves đợc đổi theo ngôi của chủ ngữ ở mệnh đề tờng thuật
Tom said, “I like reading books”
> Tom said he liked reading books
-Ngôi thứ 2: you, yours, your, yourself, yourselves đợc đổi theo ngôi của tân ngữ của mệnh đề tờng thuật
He said to me, “You can take my book”
> He said to me (that) I could take his book”
Ngôi thứ 2 đợc đổi thành ngôi thứ 3 nếu mệnh đề tờng thuật không có tân ngữ
He said, “You can take my book”
> He said she could take his book”
-Ngôi thứ ba: he, him, his, himself, they, them, their, theirs, themselves giữ nguyên
VD: Mai said, “They can’t finish their homework”
> Mai said they couldn’t finish their homework”
2-Đổi thì:
Khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp ta phải lùi 1 thì :
+Hiện tại đơn
+Hiện tại tiếp diễn
+Quá khứ đơn
+Hiện tại hoàn thành
+Quá khứ tiếp diễn
+Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn
+Tơng lai thờng: Will/ shall
+Tơng lai hoàn thành
+Qúa khứ hoàn thành
+Các câu điều kiện
>Quá khứ đơn >Quá khứ tiếp diễn >Quá khứ hoàn thành
>Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn >Tơng lai trong quá khứ : Would/ should >would/ could + have + V-pII…
> không đổi > không đổi
3-Đổi từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn:
This
These
Here
Now
Ago
Today
Tonight
Tomorrow
Yesterday
Last night/ week/ month/ year
Next week/ month/ year
That Those There Then/ at one/ immediately
Before That day That night The next/ following day
The day before/ the previous day The night/ week/ month/ year before hoặc the previous night…
The following week/ month/ year
* Các dạng câu trực tiếp chuyển sang câu gián tiếp:
1-Dạng câu trực tiếp là câu phát biểu:
*Cách chuyển:
-Lặp lại từ said/ say
-Bỏ ngoặc kép, bỏ dấu phẩy thay bằng that
-Thay đổi thì, từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn, ngôi cho phù hợp với nghĩa của câu (nếu có)
*Công thức:
Trực tiếp: S + said, “ Clause”
Gián tiếp: S + said + (that) Clause (lùi thì)
Trang 5VD: Lan said: “I am a student”.
>Lan said (that) she was a student
3-Dạng câu trực tiếp là câu hỏi đảo (Yes/ No- questions)
*Cách chuyển:
-Đổi said >asked (hoặc wanted to know/ wondered) sau đó thêm tân ngữ (nếu cần thiết)
-Bỏ dấu ngoặc kép, dấu phẩy và dấu hỏi
-Đặt If/ whether lên trớc chủ ngữ của câu gián tiếp +động từ lùi thì.
-Đổi ngôi, đổi từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn(nếu cần thiết)
*Công thức: Trực tiếp: Do/ Does/ Did + S + V-nd ?
Gián tiếp: S + asked + O + if/ whether + S + V-lùi
thì…
VD: “Do you go to school?” he said
>He asked me whether/ if I went to school
+Dạng động từ khuyết thiếu:
Trực tiếp: Can/ shall/ will+ S + V-nd….?
Gián tiếp: S + asked + O + if/ whether + S + could/ should/ would + V-nd…
VD: Mary said to Nam, “Can you speak English?”
>Mary asked Nam if/ whether he could speak English
4-Dạng câu trực tiếp là câu hỏi có từ để hỏi: (Wh-questions)
*Cách chuyển:
-Đổi said >asked (hoặc wanted to know/ wondered) sau đó thêm tân ngữ (nếu cần thiết)
-Bỏ dấu ngoặc kép, dấu phẩy và dấu hỏi
-Đặt từ hỏi wh lên trớc chủ ngữ của câu gián tiếp +động từ lùi thì.
-Đổi ngôi, đổi từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn(nếu cần thiết)
*Công thức: Trực tiếp: Từ hỏi + do/ does/ did + S + V-nd ?
Gián tiếp: S + asked + O + từ hỏi + S + V-lùi thì…
VD: “Where do you live?” he said
>He asked me where I lived
+Dạng động từ khuyết thiếu:
Trực tiếp: Từ hỏi + can/ shall/ will+ S + V-nd ?
Gián tiếp: S + asked + O + Từ hỏi + S + could/ should/ would + V-nd…
VD: Mary said to Nam, “How can you speak English?”
>Mary asked Nam how he could speak English
*Với TO BE:
VD1: “Are you a student?” She asked me
>She asked me if I was a student
VD2: “Is she doing her homework?” Mary asked him
>Mary asked him if she was doing her homework
VD3: “What are you doing?” Mai said to Hoa
>Mai asked Hoa what she was doing
Note:Nếu câu hỏi với will/ shall…diễn tả yêu cầu, lời mời, đề nghị có thể
chuyển sang câu gián tiếp dạng câu hỏi hoặc câu cầu khiến.
VD: He said, “Will you open the door?”
>He asked me to open the door (He asked me If I would open the door)
Trang 6B Exercises.
I Choose the best answer:
1 I’m learning very hard these days ……… get good marks at my exam
A that B in order C in order to D in order that
2 Perhaps she went to another store ……… get better milk of lower price
A in order as B so as to C in order that D so as
3 Mrs Quyen decided to go by bike ……… to keep fit
A so as B so as to C in order to D in order that
4 That beautiful toy is ……… from recycled paper
5 Dried sugar canes ……… to produce paper
A are reused B reused C are reusing D is reused
6 Cloth bags ……… used instead of plastic bags
7 The old car tires ……… to make pipes and floor coverings
A will be recycled B will recycled C will recycle D will be
8 The glass bottles ……… broken into small pieces
A will be break B will be C be D will break
9 I am happy ……… all the exams
A to passing B to pass C passing D is passing
10 We are ready ……… clean the environment
11 Do you mind ……… the window? It’s cold
A closing B to close C close D to closing
12 Would you mind if she ……… you?
A phoned B phoned to C phoning D is phoned
13 Nga ……… a letter at 8 o’clock last night
A was writing B is writing C was wrote D write
14 Hoa ……… dinner at eight o’clock last night
A eat B was eating C is eating D eating
15 He said he ……… a plumber
16 He said the pipes ……… broken
17 It is a contest in which people have their horses race to win the prize It’s a ………contest
A horse-racing B racing-horse C horse-race D race-horse
18 This is a machine which is used to wash clothes It’s a ………
A clothe-washing machine B washing machine-clothes
C clothes-machine washing D machine washing-clothes
19 In the rice cooking festival, a fire ……… in the traditional way
A was made B making C were made D was making
20 The first prize ……… to the Mekong Team just after the final match yesterday
A awarded B was awarded C were awarded D award
21 I’m learning very hard these days ……… get good marks at my exam
A that B in order C in order to D in order that
22 Do you know the girl……… a long white dress?
A wears B wear C wearing D to wear
23 The house…… 40 years ago is still in good condition
A to build B built C building D be built
24 I like the food……… by my mother
A cooking B to cook C will be cooked D cooked
25 Tom was the last person………… the classroom yesterday
A to leave B leaving C left D leave
26 The boy……… a book is my friend
A read B to read C reading D is reading
27 I have bought a bicycle………… in Vietnam
Trang 7A make B made C making D to make
28 The man……… the bank is a millionaire
A is entering B entering C, to be entered D enters
29 The photographs……… during his trip are very nice
A take B were taken C, taken D were taking
30 The man…… at the blackboard is our teacher
A standing B stood C is standing D stand
31 There are many interesting books……… here
A reading B to read C read D to be read
32 This project……… at the end of this month
A will finish B finishing C will be finished D finished
33 I’m interested in …… to the party
A that he came B he will come C coming D come
34 Would you mind if I……… now?
A leaving B leave C to leave D left
35 Do you mind……… here?
A I smoke B smoking C not to smoke D not smoking
36 I’d like……… her house in England
A visit B visiting C to visit D being visited
37 Our teacher asked us ……… we liked to go camping in the coming festival
a whether b if c what d a & b
38 It’s too cold outside Would you mind ……… the window?
a to close b close c closed d closing
39 The festival was held in the communal house yard.
40 It is exciting………… the play many times.It’s really a good one
41 Do you mind if he …… me to carry this bag?
42 My family ………dinner when the phone rang
43 Would you mind if I …… the door?
44 An contest will be hold at Ngo Gia Tu School next month
a English-speaking b English-spoken c speaking-English d speak-English
45 Yesterday, Hoa ……… Nien a letter
46 They ……… here since last week
47 My Dad ……… for his company for 20 years
a hasn’t worked b worked c works d to work
48 Would you mind ……… in the front seat of the taxi?
49 Would you mind if I ……… a photo?
50 Nhi asked Nga if she ……… My Son
51 Hoa ……… TV at seven o’clock last night
a watches b was watching c watch d to watch
52 My family ……… when the phone rang
a was sleeping b slept c to sleep d sleep
53 I take part _ most of the youth activities of my school
A on B in C to D for
54 Mrs Nga _ always _ her umbrella.
A.were/ losing B has/ lost C will/ lose D is/ losing
55.They have to the rice from the husk and then cook the rice.
Trang 8A separate B.take C bring D make
56 People usually use compost to their fields.
A fertilize B melt C recycle D reduce
57 I'm interested in the _ contest.
A making-fire B fire-making C fire-made D made-fire
58 I asked Nga I could borrow her book !
59.When I saw him playing video games, I(walking/walked/was walking/walked) home
60 (Could/Do/Are/Should)you give me a bandage,please?(Yes/Sure/No/Good).Here you are
62 I promise I will help you - (OK/Don’t forget/Sure/All right)
II FORM OF THE VERBS
1 What ………… you (do)……… this time yesterday? I (work)……… on the computer
2 Yesterday the light (go)……… out while we (have)……… dinner
3 Yesterday the doorbell (ring)……… while Tom (watch)……… TV
4 Do you mind if I (ask)……… you a private question?
5 Would you mind (close)……… the door, please?
6 The trees are (plant)……… by his father
7 The boy (read)……… the book is Ba
8 The old lamp (make)……… in China is five dollars
9 The window (break)……… last night has been repaired
10 Do you mind (travel) ……… such a long distance to work everyday?
11 It is important (think) ……….carefully before making a decision
12.She is pleased that her mother(feel)……….better
13.The child(sit) ………near the tree is my brother
14.The novel(write)………by Mr Quang is interesting
15.The house(paint)………10 years is mine
16.At this time yesterday I (study)……….in the library
17.The machine(make)……….in Japan is good
18.They(run)…………home while It (rain) ……… at 5p.m yesterday
19.When Nam (come)…… I (sleep)………at 9 yesterday
20.What you (do)………at this time yesterday?
21.What (happen) ……….when you (come) ……… home?
22 How long ……….you (live) ……… here?
23 Andy (do) ……….her homework when her friends came
24 The white house will (build) ……… in this area next year
25 While I (work) ……… on the computer, the earthquake happened
26 John (wash) ……….the clothes in the bathroom at four o’clock last night
27 I (not meet) ……….……… her for two years
28 Would you mind (give) ……… me the book from the shelf?
III WRITING
1 My father takes me to school > I am……….………
2 Will you buy me some flowers? > Would you mind………
3 They will build a new school in this area >A new school………
4 The builders have just converted our kitchen into a bedroom
Our kitchen……….………
5 I’m afraid My teacher will punish me for not doing my homework
I’m afraid ……….……… 6.They break the glass into small pieces
The glass……… ………
7.People will show the time machine to the public The time machine……… … 8.I am delighted.You passed your English exam
……… ……….……
9 Lan said to me:|”I don’t know what Ba is doing now’’
Lan……… 10.They asked me some difficult questions at the interview
I………
Trang 911.People have built many new school here
Many……….……… 12.Nam said:”Don’t look at me”
Nam……….………
13.Hoa said:”Are you doing your homeword now?
Hoa……… 14.Peter said:”Is this film interesting?
Peter……… ……… 15.Mary said:’’Do you know this place,Peter?’’
………
………
16 “Is Mount Everest 8,848 meters high?”
Lien asked me………
17 My brother painted the gate last year
The gate………
18 " Don't throw things away" , Miss Linda said to the students
- Miss Linda asked………
19 I will repair your bicycle tomorrow afternoon
- Your bicycle……….………
20 People throw away millions of old car tires in the USA every year
- Millions of old car tires……… ……… 21- Could you please give me some information about the English course, please?
- Would you mind……… ………
22 Could I smoke?
23 Could I turn the air conditioner off?
24 Could I borrow your newspaper?
25 They will clean the floor tomorrow
The floor ………
26 They dry the glass pieces completely
The glass pieces …… ……… ………
27 Somebody cleans the room everyday → The room……… ………
28 They held the rice-cooking festival in the communal house
The rice-cooking
29 It is a contest in which participants have to make the fire
It’s
30 Miss Lien wrote the letter (passive form)
31 Nhi said to Nga: “Do you know Ha Long Bay?”
Nhi asked Nga
IV/ Pick out the words that has the underlined letters pronounced differently from the others:
12 stopped watched learned looked
Trang 1013 repair relax energetic enjoy
15 school teacher children chicken
16 compile snorkel memorize compete
18 require install fix restrict
V READING
A/ There (1) … many simple things we can do to stop the (2)…of the environment First of all, we should not dump our rubbish without (3 )… Which things, such as bottles and paper can (4 )… We should put objects that we can recycle in (5 )… bins Secondly, instead of taking our car wherever we go, we ought to leave
it at home (6 )… possible, and go on foot or (7 ) … public transport When we have to drive to the supermarket (8) … our shopping, we should always remember (9 )… our own bags (10) … we don't need to use the
supermarket's plastic bags
2 a destroy b destroyed c destructive d destruction
4 a be recycled b recycle c be recycling d being recycled
5 a recycle b recycles c recycled d recycling
B/ When you are on holiday and intend to go to the seaside or travel abroad as a tourist, you should decide (1)
……… …… the means of traveling.Traveling by train is more comfortable, more convenient and (2)
……… than any other methods But not everybody likes it Some people (3)………….…….they do not see very much of the country they go to Trains are (4) ………… … for them They enjoy the movement and the excitement of railway stations, the sound of porters pulling and pushing luggage along the platforms and the sights of trains ready to start
2 A very quick B more quick C more quicker D much quicker
4 A good enough B enough good C too good D such good
C/ When Minh started learning English ,he was really shy In class he never said a word in English because he
was afraid of making mistakes And he became more and more quiet in English classes Anyway ,his English teacher was a very kind and friendly woman She encouraged him to practice English with a partner or in a group She said it might help him more confident She often praised him when he said something good He was really frightened at first talking to his classmates in English But his teacher said the only way to learn speaking English is by speaking it And he did it Now he feels confident enough to speak English in front of the class
True(T)or Fasle (F)
a Minh never said a word in English class
b His English teacher is unfriendly
c His English teacher didn’t praise him when he said something good
d Minh was not shy when he started learning English
e His teacher encouraged him to practice English with a partner or in the group
f Now he speak English in front of the class confidently