Understand Learning Outcome: 15.01.b Explain how the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system differ in general function.. Remember Learning Outcome: 15.01.a Explain how the autonom
Trang 1B smooth muscle in the walls of the aorta
C cardiac muscle in the right atrium
D skeletal muscle in the rectus abdominis
E parotid salivary gland
Trang 217 Autonomic nervous system fibers are involved in all of the following except
A changing the diameter of the pupil
B adjusting heart rate and force
C altering salivary mucus secretion
D regulating gastrointestinal motility
E maintaining tonicity of the muscles of the neck
18 Which one of the following best describes the order of a visceral reflex?
A sensory receptor → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → efferent nerve fiber → gland
B sensory receptor → efferent nerve fiber → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → gland
C sensory receptor → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → gland
D sensory receptor → efferent nerve fiber → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → gland
E sensory receptor → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → afferent nerve fiber → gland
19 Parasympathetic tone
A holds the resting heart rate below its intrinsic rate
B accelerates the resting heart rate above its intrinsic rate
C might increase or decrease heart rate depending on the situation
D affects heart rate only after myocardial infarction
E does not affect heart rate
20 Sympathetic nerve fibers are not associated with situations involving
21 _ is the background rate of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity
A "Fight or flight" activity
B Visceral motor activity
C Autonomic reflex arc activity
E dopamine and norepinephrine (NE)
23 The effect of autonomic fibers on target cells is _, and/whereas the effect of somatic fibers is _
A always excitatory; always excitatory too
B excitatory or inhibitory; always excitatory
C excitatory or inhibitory; excitatory or inhibitory
D always inhibitory; excitatory or inhibitory
E always inhibitory; always excitatory
24 Autonomic nervous system
A controls skeletal muscle contraction
B has no ganglia along its nerves
C uses the neurotransmitter acetylcholine exclusively
D denervation would cause hypersensitivity
E usually controls conscious actions
Trang 325 In response to high blood pressure, stretch receptors called in the walls of arteries carrying blood to the head will trigger a reflex that causes the heart to its beats per minute
27 Preganglionic fibers run from
A posterior root ganglia to gray matter
B posterior root ganglia to autonomic ganglia
C gray matter to posterior root ganglia
D gray matter to autonomic ganglia
E autonomic ganglia to visceral effectors
28 Preganglionic fibers of the autonomic efferent pathway are and secrete
A myelinated; norepinephrine (NE)
B myelinated; acetylcholine (ACh)
C myelinated; acetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine(NE)
D unmyelinated; acetylcholine (ACh)
E unmyelinated; norepinephrine(NE)
29 Somatic reflexes act faster than visceral reflexes These are all reasons for this except
A effector pathway in the somatic reflex arc is myelinated
B effector pathway in the visceral reflex arc involves more neurons
C effector pathway in the visceral reflex arc involves more chemical synapses
D some of the neurons in the effector pathway in the visceral reflex arc are unmyelinated
E effector organs in the somatic reflex are closer to the spinal cord
30 Most fibers of the parasympathetic nervous system travel in
A the vagus nerve
B the trigeminal nerve
C the pelvic nerve
D the sacral plexus
E the sciatic nerve
31 Sympathetic fibers arise only from the region(s) of the spinal cord
A cervical, thoracic, and lumbar
B thoracic and lumbar
C thoracic
D cervical
E lumbar
32 The sympathetic chain of ganglia (paravertebral ganglia) is found at the _ levels of the spinal cord
A cervical and thoracic
B thoracic and lumbar
C thoracic, lumbar and sacral
D sacral, lumbar and coccygeal
E cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal
Trang 433 These are all features of the sympathetic division except
A it originates in the thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord
B it has long postganglionic fibers
C it has long preganglionic fibers
D its ganglia are adjacent to the spinal column
E it has an extensive neural divergence and a relative widespread effect
34 These are all characteristics of the parasympathetic division except
A its effects are local
B the terminal ganglia are very close to or within their target organs
C it originates in the craniosacral regions of the CNS
D it has short preganglionic fibers
E it has short postganglionic fibers
35 This figure shows the neural pathway through the autonomic nervous system What does structure "3" represent?
A preganglionic sympathetic fiber
B postganglionic sympathetic fiber
C somatic motor fiber
D preganglionic parasympathetic fiber
E postganglionic parasympathetic fiber
36 This figure shows the neural pathway through the autonomic nervous system What structure(s) is(are)
not associated with the autonomic nervous system?
A sympathetic fibers arising in the spinal cord all along its length
B the sympathetic nervous system having a relative widespread effect
C sympathetic spinal nerves being smaller
D sympathetic ganglia being close to the spinal cord
E spinal nerves being smaller
Trang 538 The solar plexus is used as a name for
A the spinal nerve route
B the carotid plexus
C either the celiac and mesenteric ganglia or with celiac ganglia only
D the splanchic nerves
E the sympathetic nerve route
39 The adrenal medulla secretes mostly
B pelvic splanchnic nerves
C nerves of the abdominal aortic plexus
D vagus nerve (CN X)
E facial nerve (CN VII)
Trang 642 The parasympathetic division arises from the _ region(s) of the spinal cord
A brain, thoracic, and lumbar
B brain, sacral, and coccygeal
C brain, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal
D sacral and lumbar
E brain and sacral
43 Damage to the _ may affect near vision accommodation
A celiac ganglion
B oculomotor nerve (CN III)
C facial nerve (CN VII)
D glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
E cardiac plexus
44 White rami carry neurons, while gray rami carry neurons
A myelinated postganglionic; unmyelinated preganglionic
B unmyelinated postganglionic; myelinated preganglionic
C myelinated preganglionic; unmyelinated postganglionic
D unmyelinated preganglionic; myelinated postganglionic
E myelinated preganglionic; myelinated postganglionic
45 These are all characteristics of the enteric nervous systems except
A its reflex arcs are associated with the spinal cord
B it does not arise from the spinal cord
C it innervates smooth muscle
D it innervates glands
E it does not arise from the brainstem
46 If a cell has α1 adrenergic receptors, it is sensitive to
C salivary gland activity
D adrenal medulla activity
E gastrointestinal motility
48 Propranolol, a beta-blocker, is typically used to
A increase heart rate
B decrease heart rate
C produce vasoconstriction of the coronary arteries
D produce vasodilation of blood vessels of skeletal muscle
Trang 750 Muscarinic receptors bind
56 Sympathetic effects tend to last _ than parasympathetic effects One reason is that _
A shorter; acetylcholine can diffuse into the bloodstream without being broken down
B longer; norepinephrine can diffuse into the bloodstream without being broken down
C about the same; the two divisions use the same neurotransmitters
D shorter; acetylcholine is broken down by acetylcholinesterase (AChE)
E longer; acetylcholine is broken down by monoamine oxidase (MAO)
57 This enzyme breaks down norepinephrine (NE)
Trang 858 A neuron that synapses in the adrenal medulla is a neuron, and releases the neurotransmitter
A preganglionic; acetylcholine (ACh)
B postganglionic; norepinephrine (NE)
C preganglionic; norepinephrine (NE)
D postganglionic; acetylcholine (ACh)
E somatic; norepinephrine (NE)
59 Drugs that are monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors would most likely
A activate the parasympathetic division and allow for normal digestive system activities
B block ACh receptors on skeletal muscle and cause flaccid paralysis
C stimulate β-2 receptors and cause an increase in heart rate and dilation of bronchioles
D decrease the amount of NE destroyed and may be used as an antidepressant
E inhibit uptake of dopamine and cause depression
60 A possible explanation for the effect of caffeine is that it blocks the receptor for a neuromodulator in the brain called _, which inhibits ACh release by cholinergic neurons
61 Which one of the following is made up of primarily adrenergic fibers?
A preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division
B postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division
C postganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic division
D all motor fibers of the somatic motor system
E preganglionic neurons of parasympathetic division
62 The _ is an especially important center of autonomic control
E somatic branch of the peripheral nervous system
64 _ nerve(s) pass(es) throughout sympathetic ganglia without synapsing
C increased gastric motility
D reduced urinary output
E reduced heart rate
Trang 102 Both divisions of the autonomic nervous system are normally active simultaneously
TRUE
Blooms Level: 2 Understand Learning Outcome: 15.01.b Explain how the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system differ in general function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #2 Section: 15.01 Topic: Nervous System
3 The autonomic nervous system is composed of ganglia in the central nervous system and ganglia in
4 Most autonomic efferent pathways involve one neuron
FALSE
Blooms Level: 1 Remember Learning Outcome: 15.01.a Explain how the autonomic and somatic nervous systems differ in form and function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #4 Section: 15.01 Topic: Nervous System
5 The parasympathetic division stimulates digestion
TRUE
Blooms Level: 1 Remember Learning Outcome: 15.01.b Explain how the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system differ in general function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #5 Section: 15.01 Topic: Nervous System
6 Most preganglionic fibers synapse with postganglionic fibers in the dorsal root ganglia
FALSE
Blooms Level: 1 Remember Learning Outcome: 15.02.a Identify the anatomical components and nerve pathways of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #6 Section: 15.02 Topic: Nervous System
7 All preganglionic fibers pass through the sympathetic chain of ganglia synapsing at least once there
FALSE
Blooms Level: 1 Remember Learning Outcome: 15.02.a Identify the anatomical components and nerve pathways of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #7 Section: 15.02 Topic: Nervous System
8 The adrenal medulla is a modified sympathetic ganglion
TRUE
Blooms Level: 2 Understand Learning Outcome: 15.02.b Discuss the relationship of the adrenal glands to the sympathetic nervous system.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #8 Section: 15.02 Topic: Nervous System
Trang 119 Fibers of the vagus nerve end very near or within their target organs
TRUE
Blooms Level: 3 Apply Learning Outcome: 15.02.a Identify the anatomical components and nerve pathways of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #9 Section: 15.02 Topic: Nervous System
10 The autonomic effect on a target cell depends only on the neurotransmitter reaching that target cell
11 Most sympathetic postganglionic adrenergic fibers secrete adrenaline
12 Acetylcholine (ACh) binds to both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors
13 Acetylcholine (ACh) always has an excitatory effect
14 Binding of norepinephrine (NE) to an alpha-adrenergic receptor is usually excitatory, and binding to a
beta-adrenergic receptor is usually inhibitory
15 All autonomic output originates in the central nervous system
16 The autonomic nervous system controls all of the following except the
A adrenal gland
B smooth muscle in the walls of the aorta
C cardiac muscle in the right atrium
D skeletal muscle in the rectus abdominis
E parotid salivary gland
Blooms Level: 3 Apply Learning Outcome: 15.01.a Explain how the autonomic and somatic nervous systems differ in form and function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #16
Section: 15.01 Topic: Nervous System
Trang 1217 Autonomic nervous system fibers are involved in all of the following except
A changing the diameter of the pupil
B adjusting heart rate and force
C altering salivary mucus secretion
D regulating gastrointestinal motility
E maintaining tonicity of the muscles of the neck
Blooms Level: 3 Apply Learning Outcome: 15.01.a Explain how the autonomic and somatic nervous systems differ in form and function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #17
Section: 15.01 Topic: Nervous System
18 Which one of the following best describes the order of a visceral reflex?
A sensory receptor → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → efferent nerve fiber → gland
B sensory receptor → efferent nerve fiber → interneuron → afferent nerve fiber → gland
C sensory receptor → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → gland
D sensory receptor → efferent nerve fiber → afferent nerve fiber → interneuron → gland
E sensory receptor → interneuron → efferent nerve fiber → afferent nerve fiber → gland
Blooms Level: 2 Understand Learning Outcome: 15.01.a Explain how the autonomic and somatic nervous systems differ in form and function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #18
Section: 15.01 Topic: Nervous System
19 Parasympathetic tone
A holds the resting heart rate below its intrinsic rate
B accelerates the resting heart rate above its intrinsic rate
C might increase or decrease heart rate depending on the situation
D affects heart rate only after myocardial infarction
E does not affect heart rate
Blooms Level: 5 Evaluate Learning Outcome: 15.01.b Explain how the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system differ in general function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #19
Section: 15.01 Topic: Nervous System
20 Sympathetic nerve fibers are not associated with situations involving
21 _ is the background rate of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity
A "Fight or flight" activity
B Visceral motor activity
C Autonomic reflex arc activity
Trang 1322 The neurotransmitter(s) associated with autonomic ganglia is(are)
A norepinephrine (NE)
B acetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine (NE)
C acetylcholine (ACh)
D dopamine
E dopamine and norepinephrine (NE)
Blooms Level: 1 Remember Learning Outcome: 15.03.a Name the neurotransmitters employed at different synapses of the ANS.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #22
Section: 15.03 Topic: Nervous System
23 The effect of autonomic fibers on target cells is _, and/whereas the effect of somatic fibers is _
A always excitatory; always excitatory too
B excitatory or inhibitory; always excitatory
C excitatory or inhibitory; excitatory or inhibitory
D always inhibitory; excitatory or inhibitory
E always inhibitory; always excitatory
Blooms Level: 2 Understand Learning Outcome: 15.01.a Explain how the autonomic and somatic nervous systems differ in form and function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #23
Section: 15.01 Topic: Nervous System
24 Autonomic nervous system
A controls skeletal muscle contraction
B has no ganglia along its nerves
C uses the neurotransmitter acetylcholine exclusively
D denervation would cause hypersensitivity
E usually controls conscious actions
Blooms Level: 2 Understand Learning Outcome: 15.01.b Explain how the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system differ in general function.
Saladin - Chapter 15 #24
Section: 15.01 Topic: Nervous System
25 In response to high blood pressure, stretch receptors called in the walls of arteries carrying blood
to the head will trigger a reflex that causes the heart to its beats per minute
26 The motor pathway of the autonomic nervous system usually involves neurons