WRITING 6VB1 Bài giảng Business Writing 1 Thư Viện Tài Liệu Tổng Hợp Com WRITING 6VB1

WRITING 6VB1 Bài giảng Business Writing 1 Thư Viện Tài Liệu Tổng Hợp Com WRITING 6VB1 tài liệu, giáo án, bài giảng , luậ...

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COURSE TITLE : WRITING 6

 Lecturer: Le Thi Bich Vy, MA

 Course books:

- Alice, A & Patricia, M.(2005) Effective Academic Writing 2: The Short Essay

Oxford University Press (Unit 1 & 2)

- Jason, D & Rhonda, L.(2006) Effective Academic Writing 3: The Essay Oxford

University Press.( Unit 3,4 & 5)

UNIT 1: DESCRIPTIVE ESSAYS

Focus : essay organization, adjectives and comparison in descriptive writing

THEORY:

- A descriptive organization(p.33)

- Adjectives in descriptive writing(p.p 38-43)

- Similes(p.p40-41)

PRACTICE

1 Analyze the descriptive structure

- Exercise 2, 3, 4, 5(p.p 28-35)

MORE PRACTICE

Exercise 1: Work out the outline for the essays below

Essay 1:

Trees

Trees are wonderful plants Most of us like to sit under a large tree on a hot summer day Children love to climb trees and artists like to draw them When we look at a tree, we may think only of its beauty, but a tree actually has a complex physical structure The structure of a tree consists of three main parts: the leaves, the branches and trunk, and the roots

Under the ground, the roots spread out to anchor the tree As they spread out away from the tree, the main roots become small roots The root system absorbs water from the soil and sends it up

to the trunk and branches

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Above the ground, the roots form the trunk The job of the trunk is to support the branches Near the top of the tree, the trunk divides into branches Together, the trunk and branches give the tree its shape

At the top of the tree, the leaves grow out of the branches The main job of leaves is to make food for the tree To do this, the leaves need to receive both sunlight from above and water from below

In short, a tree has such a complicated structure with three main parts Each of its parts performs certain functions but cooperates well with each other to maintain and develop the life the tree

Essay 2:

My Uncle

My family is full of happy, crazy, and talented people My aunt Margarita has a yard full of orphaned pets My brother Jose is an expert tailor, and my mother loves to experiment in the kitchen However, I think the most interesting is my mysterious uncle Patricio

Patricio is an elderly man now, with white hair sticking up all over his head Beneath his messy hair, he has a wrinkled brown face and powerful dark eyes that show many emotions Patricio is tall and skinny He wears baggy pants and a plaid shirt He has a tattoo of a heart on his arm The heart has the word Rosa written across it in red and black letters, but he has never told me who she is

Patricio has an intriguing history He and my mother were born in a small village in the mountains When he was seventeen, he left home to explore the world On one trip, he went to Siberia to look for gold On another trip, he went to Alaska to work on a fishing boat Now he fixes air conditioners in Los Angeles, and during the winter months, he sometimes comes to visit us and play the accordion

I love spending time with my uncle Patricio He has an interesting look and a sad and mysterious past He is also a talents musician Someday, I hope that he will tell me about Rosa and how he got the tattoo with her name

Exercise 2: Make the outline for an essay describing your favourite fruit

2 Identify the language features of a descriptive essay

a) Prepositional phrases as adjectives

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- Exercise 3 (p.39)

- Exercise 1(p.48)

b) Formation of adjectives

- Exercise 2(p.44)

c) Adjective order

- Exercise 3 (p.45)

- Exercise 3,4(p.49)

d) Similes

- Exercise 5,6,7(p.41)

MORE PRACTICE

Read the essay below and:

a Underline all the words or phrases used as adjectives in the essay

b State how they are formed

Food from the Sea

My father told me that we should always respect nature and learn where our food comes from

He said that food tasted better when you got it yourself and ate it in a natural place To show me this was true, he took me to the ocean, where we caught our own delicious crabs and ate them

I will always remember the taste of the crabs we caught that day The beach was quiet and still

at six o‟clock The tide had just come in, so there were many crabs walking slowly on the white sand We sat a few feet away from my father‟s special crab traps The traps were made of bamboo, and they look like round cages, but one side had a small entrance for the crab to go in There were some small, fragrant fish in the trap The fishy smell made the crap hungry, so they crawled into the traps We watched the craps walk into the traps, and I smelled the strong smell of the dark, oily fish Overhead, we heard the sounds of seagulls and pelicans in the sky I think the seagulls wanted to eat the fish, too Once the traps were full, we took off our shoes and threw them over our shoulders so

we could walk on the wet sand and feel the water pushing and pulling at the beach Later, we built a fire and ate boiled crabs on the beach We cracked their shells The meat was white and pinkish and

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tender It tasted sweet and a little salty We did not want to stop eating them We sat on the sand surrounded by crab shells and watched the sun go down into the ocean

From that day on, I knew my father was right Food tastes best when it is something that you have caught or grown yourself I have eaten crabs many times since then, but it has never tasted as good as it did that day

3 Writing a complete essay

Choose one of the following topics and write a descriptive essay about it

a) The third campus of Lac Hong University

b) Your house or a room in the house that you like best

c) A person you admire most

d) Your favorite food or object

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UNIT 2: NARRATIVE ESSAYS

Focus: narrative organization, adverbs of time and sequence and adverbial clauses of past time in narrative writing

THEORY

- Narrative organization(p.58)

- Adverbs of time and sequence(p.64)

Reference: lists of adverbs of time/ sequence:

Time:

 By, after, before, at, during, around…(+ word(s) or clauses of time)

Sequence:

 First, next, second, then, at last, in the end, finally, later on, after that, afterward, shortly, subsequently, earlier, formerly, immediately…

- Adverbial clauses of time (p.p 64-65, p.68 and p.p.70-71)

- Information-eliciting questions(p.66)

PRACTICE

1 Analyze the narrative organization

- Exercise 3, 4,5(p.p 58-60)

- Exercise 1, 2(p.p.62-63)

MORE PRACTICE

Make an outline for your essay on the topic: an unforgettable trip or vacation

2 Explore the language features of the narrative essay

a) Adverbs of time:

- Exercise 3: (p.64)

b) Adverbial clauses of past time

- Exercise 4: (p.65)

- Exercise 1,2,and 3(p.p.69-70)

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- Exercise 4,5(p.p 71-72)

c) The way to add details to the essay

- Exercise 5(p.66)

3 Write a complete essay

Write a narrative essay on any of the following topics:

a) An embarrassing/ frightening/ frustrating/ interesting… experience b) An unforgettable day at school/ at work

c) A childhood memory

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UNIT 3: PROCESS ESSAYS

Focus: process analysis organization, sequence connectors, time clauses and the use of modal passives

THEORY:

- Analysis of essay organization(p.36)

- Sequence connectors(p 43)

List of connectors:

 First, firstly, first of all, at first, the first step is…

 Second, secondly, next, then, after that, before, after this, later on, at this point, while, when, since, in addition to , until

 Lastly, at last, finally, in the end, eventually

- Time clauses(p 45)

- Passives and modal passives(p.p 48- 49)

PRACTICE:

1 Analyze the process analysis organization

- Exercise 3(p.p 36- 37)

- Exercise 1(p.p 41-42)

- Exercise 5(p.39)

2 Explore the language features of narrative writing

a) Sequence connectors

- Exercise 3, 4(p.44)

- Exercise 1(p.53)

MORE PRACTICE

This series of pictures illustrate the process of repotting a plant Describe them and connect the sentences with suitable transitions

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b) Time clauses

- Exercise 5(p.45)

- Exercise 2(p.53) c) Passives

- Exercise 1, 2,3,4, 5(p.p.49-52)

- Exercise 3,4,5(p.p.54-55)

3 Writing a complete essay

Write a complete process essay on one of the following topics:

a) Planning a party

b) Making a dish

c) Changing a flat tyre

d) Studying for an exam

e) Growing a plant

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UNIT 4: EXPLANATION ESSAYS

Focus: cause and effect organization, connectors showing cause and effect, conditional sentences, task identification

THEORY:

- Analysis of cause and effect organization(p.65)

- Relating effects to causes(p.71)

- Connectors of cause(p.72) and effect( p.74)

List of connectors:

 Accordingly, as a result, because, consequently, for this reason, hence, if, otherwise, since, so, then, therefore, thus

- Conditionals( p.p.76-77)

Reference list of subordinating conjunctions

 If, unless, as long as, so long as, provided that, on condition that, supposing that, if only

PRACTICE:

1 Analysis of the essay organization

- Exercise 2, 3, 4(p.p.60-63)

- Exercise 3, 4(p.p.65-66)

MORE PRACTICE

Fill in the outline below with the information from the given essay below

I Introduction

- Topic:

- Hook:

- Background information: (only key words or phrases)

- Thesis statement:

II Body paragraphs :

Body paragraph 1:

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- Topic sentence:

- Supporting details: (only key words or phrases)

- Words or phrases to connect the ideas:

Body paragraph 2:

- Topic sentence:

- Supporting details: (only key words or phrases)

- Words or phrases to connect the ideas:

Body paragraph 3:

- Topic sentence:

- Supporting details: (only key words or phrases)

- Words or phrases to connect the ideas:

III Conclusion:

- Summary of the arguments

- Restatement:

- Prediction, warning, or issue in broader context:

Essay 1:

Topic: Describe a custom from your country that you would like people in other countries to adopt Explain your choice

In my country, many people in the town still follow an old custom that people in the cities no longer practice This is the custom of taking a big break at noon In the towns, all stores and businesses close from noon till 2:00p.m This not only gives people a needed rest in the middle of the day, it also allows them time with their families and contributes to a slower pace of life

In the towns, all workers get a good rest in the middle of the day They go home enjoy a nice meal, take a nap, and then they return to work for the rest of the afternoon They have energy and enthusiasm for the rest of the day‟s work Their afternoons can be as productive as their mornings Without this rest, they might be tired all afternoon and not get much work done

In the towns, most families eat their noon meal together They have time to enjoy their food, talk about their morning activities with each other, and just be together It is good for families to have this time together Parents hear about their children‟s activities Husbands and wives learn

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about each other‟s daily concerns Without this opportunity, families might not be together until evening They are usually tired then just want to rest

In the towns, there is a slower pace of life Nobody can do any business at lunchtime They have to wait until the afternoon Because of this, people don‟t expect things to be done in a hurry They have more patience If something doesn‟t get done today, it doesn‟t matter This is much healthier way to live

A big rest at noon contributes to a better life In the towns, people don‟t worry about getting a lot of work done fast They are more interested in spending time with their families and enjoying their lives I think that in the long run this actually improves work In any case, it is better way to live I think everyone everywhere should follow the custom of taking a big break at noon

Essay 2:

Topic: You need to travel from your home to a place 40 kilometers away Compare the different kinds of transport you could use Tell which means you would choose Explain your choice

When I choose a means of transport to go 40 kilometers, I have three common choices: my bike, my parents‟ car, or public transportation When choosing them, I think about how much it will cost, how long it will take and why I need to travel

My bike is a less expensive alternative The only cost is my manual labor to pedal from my home to a place 40 kilometers away This means, however, is extremely time consuming I imagine

it would take me all day Biking is excellent exercise Therefore, if my only goal is to burn calories and strengthen my muscles, I should go by bike

Public transportation is another choice that is inexpensive The cost is minimal and shared by everyone on the bus or train Where I live, you cannot depend on public transportation Since, it might take me all day to 40 kilometers by public transportation if I include waiting time However, using public transportation is good for the Earth because by sharing resources, we waste less

Taking a private car is the most expensive, especially since I don‟t own a car and I must borrow one from my parents They want me to pay for my own gas, which is a lot and I must also pay for parking the car when I get to my destination Thus, a car is the most dependable way to go if

I need to get there fast When convenience is your goal, you should pick a car

When I consider these points, I must confess that I am spoiled I prefer the convenience of the car over the exercise of a bike and the virtues of public transportation I like to go and come when I want to without waiting, even if it costs me more

- Exercise 5(p67)

Topics for making outlines

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a) Nowadays food has become easier to prepare Has this change improved the way people live?

b) It has been said,” Not everything that is learnt is contained in books.” Compare and contrast the knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books In your opinion, which source is more important? Why?

c) How do movies or television influence people‟s behavior?

d) What do you think are the important qualities of a good neighbor?

e) What about your hometown do you like or dislike? Explain

f) What are the important qualities of a good son or daughter? Have these qualities changes or remained the same over time in your culture?

g) Choose one of the following transportation vehicles and explain why you think it has

changed people‟s lives (automobiles, bicycles, airplanes…)

2 Explore the language features

a) Relating effects to causes

- Exercise 3(p.71)

- Exercise 1(p.80) b) Connectors of cause and effect

- Exercise 4,5, 6, 7(p.p 73-74)

- Exercise 2,3(p.p.81-82) c) Conditionals

- Exercise 1, 2, 3(p.p77-78)

- Exercise 4,5(p.p 82-83)

3 Write a complete essay

Develop the outlines you have made in the previous practice into complete essays