Systems analysis and design methods 7th whitten and benley chapter 13

Output Design and PrototypingPrinciples & Guidelines for Output Design  Types of Outputs internal.. Output Design and PrototypingPrinciples & Guidelines for Output Design  Types of O

Output Design and Prototyping

Introduction

 The chapter will address the following questions:

narrative formats for presenting information.

charts and their uses.

design.

Output Design and Prototyping

Principles & Guidelines for Output

Design

 Types of Outputs

internal.

part of their recipients or confirm actions to their recipients.

designed and duplicated by forms manufacturers for use on computer printers

– Turnaround outputs are those which are typically

Output Design and Prototyping

SoundStage Entertainment Club

Fax 317-494-0999

The following number must appear on all related correspondence,

shipping papers, and invoices:

P.O NUMBER: 712812

SoundStage Entertainment Club SoundStage Entertainment Club

2625 Darwin Drive Shipping/Receiving Station Indianapolis, IN 45213 Building A

2630 Darwin Drive Indianapolis, IN 45213

P.O DATE REQUISITIONER SHIP VIA F.O.B POINT TERMS

QTY DESCRIPTION UNIT PRICE TOTAL

10000 Powder - VHS 19.99 199,900.00

5000 Now and Then - VHS 15.95 79,750.00

2500 Pulp Fiction Soundtrack - CD 7.99 19,975.00

450 U2 on Tour - T-shirt 3.49 1,570.50

Subtotal 301,195.50 Tax 15,059.77

Output Design and Prototyping

Invoice No 301231

Name Carlina Smith Date 7/21/97 Address 3019 Duroc Drive Order No 346910 City Little Rock State AR ZIP 42653

Phone 502-430-4545 Payment Amt

Detach and return top portion with payment

Qty Description Unit Price TOTAL

1 Star Wars - Empire Strikes Back VHS $19.99 $19.99

1 Eric Clapton Unplugged CD $13.99 $13.99

SubTotal $51.93 Shipping & Handling $7.00

Check Credit Card TOTAL $61.88 Name

SoundStage Entertainment Club

2630 Darwin Drive - Bldg B Indianapolis, IN 45213 317-496-0998 fax 317-494-0999 INVOICE

Payment Details Customer

Output Design and Prototyping

Principles & Guidelines for Output

Design

 Types of Outputs

internal (continued)

users and managers.

requirements

of reports: detailed, summary, and exception.

Output Design and Prototyping

Principles & Guidelines for Output

Design

 Types of Outputs

of transactions and serve as an audit trail for subsequent management inquiry

generating schedules and analysis

Output Design and Prototyping

Page 1 SOUNDSTAGE ENTERTAINMENT CLUB

Output Design and Prototyping

Principles & Guidelines for Output

summarized to indicate trends and potential problems

rapidly gaining acceptance because it more clearly summarizes trends at a glance

Output Design and Prototyping

Page 1 SOUNDSTAGE ENTERTAINMENT CLUB

− Product Sales Summary as of 7-2-1996 −

Product Type Product Category Current Month’s Unit Sales Current Year Unit Sales

Output Design and Prototyping

Principles & Guidelines for Output

Design

 Types of Outputs

standard

Output Design and Prototyping

Page 1 SOUNDSTAGE ENTERTAINMENT CLUB

− Delinquent Member Accounts as of 7-9-1996 −

Output Design and Prototyping

Principles & Guidelines for Output

Design

 Output Media and Formats

implementing an output, especially output medium and output format.

as paper or video display device.

for instance, columns of numbers.

depends on how the output will be used and when it is needed.

Output Design and Prototyping

Principles & Guidelines for Output

Design

 Output Media and Formats

 Alternative Media for Presenting Information:

called printed output

• Currently, paper is the cheapest medium we will survey

• Paper is bulky and requires considerable storage space.

Output Design and Prototyping

Principles & Guidelines for Output

Design

 Alternative Formats for Presenting Information:

communicating information on a medium

• Tabular output using columns of text and numbers is the oldest and

most common format for computer outputs

• Zoned output places text and numbers into designated areas of a form

Output Design and Prototyping

Output Design and Prototyping

Principles & Guidelines for Output

Design

 Output Media and Formats

follows:

• Type 1 - Bar charts:

or to depict comparisons among items

the values are organized horizontally

Output Design and Prototyping

Output Design and Prototyping

Principles & Guidelines for Output

Design

 Output Media and Formats

follows:

variation over a period of time or to depict comparisons among items

Output Design and Prototyping

Output Design and Prototyping

Principles & Guidelines for Output

Design

 Output Media and Formats

follows:

• Type 3 - Pie charts:

parts to the whole at specific period of time

emphasis a particular item

Output Design and Prototyping

Output Design and Prototyping

Principles & Guidelines for Output

Design

 Output Media and Formats

follows:

• Type 4 - Line charts:

even intervals

horizontal axis, and the measurement along the vertical axis

Output Design and Prototyping

Output Design and Prototyping

Principles & Guidelines for Output

Design

 Output Media and Formats

follows:

• Type 5 - Scatter charts:

two items to show uneven intervals or clusters of data

determine the degree of correlation that exists

Output Design and Prototyping

Output Design and Prototyping

Principles & Guidelines for Output

Design

 Output Media and Formats

format

• Narrative output format uses sentences and paragraphs replace or

supplement standard text, numbers, and pictures

reports, business letters, and personalized form letters

Output Design and Prototyping

Principles & Guidelines for Output

Design

 Computer outputs should be simple to read and interpret These

guidelines may enhance readability:

• Every report or output screen should have a title.

• Reports and screens should include section headings to segment large amounts of information.

• Information in columns should have column headings.

• Because section headings and column headings are sometimes abbreviated to conserve space, reports should include legends to interpret those headings.

Output Design and Prototyping

Principles & Guidelines for Output

Design

(continued)

 The timing of computer outputs is important

• Outputs must be received by their recipients while the information is

pertinent to transactions or decisions This can affect how the output is designed and implemented.

 The distribution of computer outputs must be sufficient to assist all relevant system users.

will receive them

Output Design and Prototyping

How to Prototype & Design Computer

Outputs

 Step 1: Identify System Outputs

be designed

for dataflows that are connecting to external entities

outputs of the system

Output Design and Prototyping

How to Prototype & Design Computer

Outputs

 Step 2: Select Output Medium and Format

 What medium would best serve the output?

 What would be the best format for the report?

 How frequently is the output generated?

 How many pages or sheets of output will be generated for a

Output Design and Prototyping

How to Prototype & Design Computer

Outputs

 Step 2: Select Output Medium and Format

 Does the output require multiple copies?

 For printed outputs, have distribution controls been finalized?

 For attributes contained on the output, what format should be followed?

Output Design and Prototyping

How to Prototype & Design Computer

Outputs

 Step 3: Prototype The Output for System Users

 The format or layout of an output directly affects the system user's ability to read and interpret it

 The best way to lay out outputs is to sketch or, better still, generate

a sample of the report or document via prototyping.

 When prototyping outputs, it is important to involve the user to obtain feedback

 The user should be allowed to actually exercise or test the screens.

 Part of that experience should involve demonstration of how the user may obtain appropriate help or instructions, drill-down

Output Design and Prototyping

Output Design and Prototyping

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1

3

Output Design and Prototyping

Output Design and Prototyping

2

Output Design and Prototyping

Summary

 Introduction

 Principles & Guidelines for Output Design

 How to Prototype & Design Computer

Outputs