While identifying the species of the genus Lysimachia, two new species growing in limestone areas were found as described in this paper.. Leaves alternate, papery, variable in size, thos
Trang 1Lysimachia vietnamensis and L verbascifolia spp nov (Primulaceae) from Vietnam
Phan Ke Loc and Hu Chi-Ming
P K Loc, Faculty of Biology, Hanoi Univ of Science, Vietnam National Univ., Hanoi, Vietnam C M Hu (huqm@scbg.ac.cn), South China Botanical Garden, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, CN-510650 Guangzhou, PR China
Two new species of Lysimachia (Primulaceae), L vietnamensis L K Phan & C M Hu and L verbascifolia C M Hu &
K L Phan from Vietnam are described and illustrated
During the past fifteen years a continuing program on
‘Biodiversity survey and plant conservation of Vietnam’ has
been carried out jointly by the ‘Vietnam botanical
con-servation program’, the Institute of Ecology and Biological
Resources (IEBR) of Vietnam, the Missouri Botanical
Garden (MBG), and with the participation of many
national and international institutions and organizations
The field exploration site is located in northern Vietnam, a
hotspot of biodiversity in southeastern Asia, and more than
27 thousand collection numbers of higher vascular plants
have been collected While identifying the species of the
genus Lysimachia, two new species growing in limestone
areas were found as described in this paper
With respect to the floral structure, the two new species
clearly belong to subgenus Idiophyton Hand.-Mazz with the
characters proposed by Chen and Hu (1979) and Hao et al
(2004); basifixed anthers, much longer than the filaments
and usually open by apical pores The genus as a whole is
almost cosmopolitan, but exhibits endemism The subgenus
Idiophyton is presumed to be the most primitive group of
the genus, with its greatest concentration of species and
diversity confined to south Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi
in China, as well as northern Vietnam In this area,
especially in the limestone hills, endemism is very high
Both new species have a narrow distribution and occur as
isolated individuals in suitable habitats Hu (1992)
recog-nized fourteen species of Lysimachia in Vietnam, and
together with the two new taxa decsribed here, the number
of species has increased to sixteen
Lysimachia vietnamensis L K Phan & C M Hu sp nov
(Fig 1)
Species L asperae Hand.-Mazz in sectione Apodanthera
affinis, a qua floribus majoribus, pedicellis longioribus, lobis
calycis subulato-lanceolatis praeter alia signa distinguitur
Type: Vietnam Bac Kan Province: Na Ri District, Liem Thuy Commune, hills east of Na Bo Village, ca 21857’N, 106805’E, ca 702 m a.s.l 15 Jul 2004 Daniel E Atha, Nguyen Tien Hiep and Pham Van The DA4852 (holotype:
HN, isotype: NY, IBSC)
Perennial herb, 2540 cm tall Stems erect, quadriangular,
ca 1.5 mm in diameter, more or less woody at base, glabrous, much branched Branches slender, 430 cm long, spreading or reclining, bearing abbreviated branchlets in axils of leaves; branchlets 14 mm, 24-leaved Leaves alternate, papery, variable in size, those on stems and branches broadly elliptic to orbicular-elliptic, 915 610
mm, apex apiculate to shortly acuminate, base attenuate into a 14 mm long petiole, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial surface initially with a few appressed, bristle-like hairs, glabrescent; margins ciliate, with short bristle-like hairs, appearing minutely serrulate; lateral veins 23 on each side of midvein, obscure on both surfaces Leaves on abbreviated branchlets smaller, broadly ovate to sub-orbicular, 3.57.0 35 mm Flowers solitary, axillary; pedicels very slender, 812 mm long, longer than the subtending leaves, glabrous, with a few minute and scattered glands Calyx ca 4.8 mm, divided nearly to the base; lobes subulate-lanceolate, less than 0.5 mm broad at the base, glabrous outside, sparsely and minutely glandular inside Corolla pale yellow, united in the lower 0.30.5 mm; lobes narrowly lanceolate, 5.05.5 1.0 mm, apex acute, glabrous Stamens adnate to the base of the corolla, antepetalous; filaments ca 0.5 mm long, connate basally into a ring and fused with corolla, free parts less than 0.2
mm long; anthers basifixed, linear-lanceolate, ca 3.5 mm long, base sagittate, opening by apical pores Ovary ovoid, glabrous; style filiform, ca 4.8 mm long; stigma punctiform
Nordic Journal of Botany 29: 601604, 2011 doi: 10.1111/j.1756-1051.2011.01174.x,
#2011 The Authors Nordic Journal of Botany # 2011 Nordic Society Oikos
Subject Editor: Henrik Ærenlund Pedersen Accepted 7 March 2011
Trang 2Capsule globose-ovoid, 2.53.0 mm in diameter, pale
brown, splitting in valves when mature
Distribution, habitat and phenology
Lysimachia vietnamensis is so far known only from the type
locality on the hills east of Na Bo Village (ca 21857’N,
106805’E) in Liem Thuy Commune, Na Ri District, Bac
Kan Province, Vietnam It grows on the margin of wet
evergreen broad-leaved forests at 700 m a.s.l., occurring as
isolated individuals on a rocky ridge composed of crystalline
marble-like highly eroded limestone Flowering and fruiting
occur in July, the fertile structures represented by a
complete maturation sequence ranging from immature
buds to ripe fruits
Similar species
Lysimachia vietnamensis closely resembles L aspera Hand.-Mazz., a species endemic to Guangxi, China, but is easily distinguished by its longer pedicels, larger flowers, and linear-lanceolate calyx-lobes (Chen and Hu 1979, 1989, Hu and Kelso 1996)
Lysimachia verbascifolia C M Hu & L K Phan sp nov (Fig 2)
Inter species descriptas tantum cum L pilosa Fletcher et L grandifolia Hemsl comparanda, a quibus floribus in axillis foliorum congestorum solitariis, pedicellis multo longioribus inter alia recedit
Type: Vietnam Thanh Hoa Province: Quan Hoa District, Phu Le Commune, Hang Village, around point
Figure 1 Lysimachia vietnamensis L K Phan & C M Hu sp nov (A) habit, (B) flower, (C) calyx, (D) corolla opened up showing stamens, (E) anther, (F) pistil
Trang 321831’32’’N, 105804’54’’E, 350500 m a.s.l 18 Aug 2010,
Phan Ke Loc and Ha Van Dan P 10982 (holotype: HN,
isotype: IBSC, MO, LE)
Perennial herbs; stems erect from a geniculate base, 410
cm tall, 35 mm in diameter,9woody at base, unbranched,
villous Leaves alternate, usually 48 mm apart, the upper
46 leaves crowded at apex of stem, apperaing
subverti-cillate; petioles 36 cm long, grayish villous; leaf blade
elliptic to broadly elliptic, 717 3.58.0 cm, base broadly
cuneate, apex obtuse, margin entire, ciliate, grayish villous
on both surfaces, initially very densely hairy, but becoming
sparser on adult leaves; lateral veins 68 on each side of
midvein, densely grayish villous Flowers subumbellate, 4 to
many crowded in a terminal leaf-whorl; pedicels slender,
unequal, 14 cm long, elongating to 47 cm in fruit, pilose;
in the next growing season the growth of the stem continues
apically by forming a new leaf whorl, then the fruiting
pedicels become axillary in leaf scars or remaining leaves
under the terminal leaf whorl Calyx ca 9 mm long, divided nearly to the base; lobes lanceolate, 92 mm, 5-veined, sparsely pilose outside Corolla pale yellow, divided nearly
to the base; lobes oblong-lanceolate, 11.012.0 3.5 mm, apex acute Stamens 5; filaments slender, connate basally into a ring, free parts ca 3 mm long; anthers ca 5 mm long, gradually narrowed upward from a cordate base, basifixed, opening by apical pores Capsule globose, ca 5 mm in diameter, pale brown, splitting in valves when mature; persistent style slender, 89 mm long
Distribution, habitat and phenology
Lysimachia verbascifolia is so far only known from the type locality on the hills of Hang Village (21831’32’’N, 105804’54’’E), in Quan Hoa District, Thanh Hoa Pro-vince, Vietnam and one locality nearby It is a lithophytic herb, growing clustered in small groups in disturbed primary evergreen seasonal broad-leaved lowland forest,
Figure 2 Lysimachia verbasifolia C M Hu & L K Phan sp nov (A) habit, (B) calyx, (C) corolla opened up showing stamens, (D) anthers showing dorsal and ventral surfaces, (E) pistil
Trang 4on very steep rocky slopes and cliffs composed of crystalline
marble-like highly eroded limestone at about 350650 m
a.s.l Flowering occurs in JulOct, fruiting in DecMar
Similar species
Lysimachia verbascifolia is quite distinct from all species
known to us in subgenus Idiophyton; its morphological
affinity is with L grandifolia Hemsl and L pilosa Fletcher,
but it is easily distinguished by its solitary flowers clustered
in the axils of subterminal leaves (not forming peduncled
umbels or corymbs) and longer pedicels (Chen and Hu
1979, 1989, Hu and Kelso 1996, Hu 1999)
Additional specimens examined
Vietnam Thanh Hoa Province: Quan Hoa District, Phu Le
Commune, Hang Village, around point 20831?13??N,
105805?45??E, 450650 m a.s.l., 3 Oct 2003, Leonid
Averyanov, Phan Ke Loc and Nguyen Tien Vinh HAL
3788 (HN, IBSC); the same locality as type specimens,
around point 20831’32’’N, 105804’54’’E, ca 350500 m
a.s.l., 9 Apr 2010, Phan Ke Loc, Ha Van Luc and Ha Van
Nhuan P 10935 (HN, IBGC)
Acknowledgements The authors thank the Vietnam Botanical Conservation Program, Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam, National Science Foundation USA and Fauna and Flora International, Indochina Program for funding the field trips, and thanks also to Mrs Liu Yun-xiao for the excellent line drawings
References
Chen, F H and Hu, C M 1979 Taxonomic and phytogeo-graphic studies on Chinese species of Lysimachia Acta Phytotax Sin 17: 2153
Chen, F H and Hu, C M 1989 Primulaceae (1) Flora Reipubl Pop Sin Vol 59 Science Press, pp 1133
Hao, Y et al 2004 Molecular phylogeny of Lysimachia (Myrsinaceae) based on chlororplast rbdL-F and nuclear ribosomal sequences Mol Phylogenet Evol 31: 323339
Hu, C M 1992 Primulaceae In: Morat, A (ed.), Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam, 26 Mus Natl Hist Nat.,
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Hu, C M 1999 Primulaceae In: Santisuk, T and Larsen, K (eds), Flora of Thailand Vol 7, part one The Forest Herbarium, R For Dept, pp.155165
Hu, C M and Kelso, S 1996 Primulaceae In: Wu, Z Y and Raven, P H (eds), Flora of China Vol 15 Science Press, Miss Bot Gard Press pp 3978