The challenge of democracy american government in global politics the essentials 9th edition janda test bank

Declaration of Independence ANS: Answers will vary.. legislative branch ANS: Answers will vary... New Jersey Plan ANS: Answers will vary.. equal legislative representation for all states

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CHAPTER 2: The Constitution

SHORT ANSWER

Please define the following term.

1 Declaration of Independence ANS:

Answers will vary

REF: 48

2 social contract theory

ANS:

Answers will vary

REF: 48

3 republic

ANS:

Answers will vary

REF: 49

4 confederation

ANS:

Answers will vary

REF: 50

5 Articles of Confederation ANS:

Answers will vary

REF: 50

6 Virginia Plan

ANS:

Answers will vary

REF: 52

7 legislative branch

ANS:

Answers will vary

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REF: 52

8 executive branch ANS:

Answers will vary REF: 52

9 judicial branch ANS:

10 New Jersey Plan ANS:

11 Great Compromise ANS:

12 republicanism ANS:

13 federalism

ANS:

14 separation of powers ANS:

15 checks and balances

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ANS:

Answers will vary

REF: 58

16 extraordinary majority ANS:

Answers will vary

REF: 58

17 enumerated powers

ANS:

Answers will vary

REF: 60

18 necessary and proper clause ANS:

Answers will vary

REF: 60

19 implied powers

ANS:

Answers will vary

REF: 60

20 judicial review

ANS:

Answers will vary

REF: 61

21 supremacy clause

ANS:

Answers will vary

REF: 61

22 Bill of Rights

ANS:

Answers will vary

REF: 66

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MULTIPLE CHOICE

1 The 2007 European Reform Treaty did all but

a plan for an European Union president

b create a diplomatic service under a single foreign-affairs head

c create a centralized debt-refinancing agency for indebted countries

d drop state-like symbols and terminology

e reduce the number of areas requiring unanimity among member nations

ANS: C REF: 44 NOT: F

2 By 2012, members of the European Union (EU) agreed to greater central authority over their respective economies, with the exception of

a Sweden

b France

c Germany

d Great Britain

e Italy

ANS: D REF: 44 NOT: F

3 Which of the following European nations was not debt-ridden and did not suffer questions from creditors during 2012?

a Greece

b Ireland

c Italy

d Spain

e Germany

ANS: E REF: 44 NOT: F

4 The U.S Constitution contains about _ words

a 4,300

b 11,500

c 17,500

d 36,000

e 52,000

ANS: A REF: 45 NOT: F

5 The United States Constitution was written in

a 1607

b 1683

c 1713

d 1787

e 1824

6 American colonists in the eighteenth century under Great Britain

a enjoyed freedoms denied most other people in the world at that time

b had considerable economic liberty but saw their freedom of speech and

assembly restricted

c had freedoms of speech and assembly but saw their access to trade and

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professions restricted

d were relatively free except they were compelled to follow the official religion of the

British crown

e saw their religion, economic liberties, and freedoms of speech and assembly all severely

restricted by the British government

ANS: A REF: 45 |46 NOT: F

7 The Declaration of Independence was based on input from many people, but its primary author was

a James Madison

b John Quincy Adams

c Benjamin Franklin

d George Washington

e Thomas Jefferson

8 The idea that the people agree to establish rulers for certain purposes, but they have the right to resist

or remove rulers who violate those purposes, is also known as

a socialism

b social contract theory

c republicanism

d the revolutionary right

e confederalism

ANS: B REF: 48 NOT: C

9 In the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson’s statement that “all men are created equal” is similar to which theorist’s belief that government is based on the “consent of the governed”?

a James Madison

b John Adams

c John Hancock

d Joseph Ellis

e John Locke

ANS: E REF: 48 NOT: A

10 Which document proclaimed, “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights”?

a Locke’s Second Treatise of Government

b The Treaty of Lisbon

c The Declaration of Independence

d The Articles of Confederation

e The Constitution

11 The “unalienable rights” identified by the Declaration of Independence are

a life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness

b freedom of speech, press, and assembly

c life, liberty, and property ownership

d the right to own property and bear arms to protect it

e equality, liberty, and equal protection

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12 According to the Declaration of Independence, when a government fails to secure the people’s unalienable rights,

a the people may use any nonviolent method of protest against it

b it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it

c the people still owe the government their loyalty

d Options A, B, and C are true

e None of the above is true

13 A result of the Second Continental Congress was

a the adoption of the Declaration of Independence

b a plan for the Boston Tea Party

c a brief reconciliation with Britain

d the decision to create thirteen colonies

e increases in colonial taxes paid to England

14 Which of the following states was not present at the Second Continental Congress’ vote for

independence?

a Delaware

b Massachusetts

c Rhode Island

d North Carolina

e Georgia

15 A greater percentage of the United States population died or was wounded during the Revolution than

in any other U.S conflict except

a the Seven Years’ War

b the War of 1812

c the Civil War

d World War II

e the Vietnam War

16 A republic is a government

a resting on the consent of the governed through their representatives

b based on majority law

c ruled by two political parties

d ruled by a monarch

e divided by two opposing cultures but ruled by one ruler

17 A confederation can best be described as

a a loose association of independent states

b a government without a monarch

c a government ruled by a dictator

d a form of socialism

e smaller units of government controlled by a larger government unit

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18 The compact among the thirteen original colonies that established the United States in 1777 was known as the

a Constitution

b Articles of Confederation

c Declaration of Independence

d Fundamental Orders of the Republic

e Democratic Convent

19 The Articles of Confederation failed because

a they did not provide an effective means for the government to raise money

b they did not include an independent leader to direct the government

c they did not give the government the power to regulate commerce

d Options A, B, and C are true

ANS: D REF: 50 |51 NOT: C

20 To amend the Articles of Confederation required a

a majority vote

b three-fifths vote

c two-thirds vote

d three-fourths vote

e unanimous vote

21 Shays’s Rebellion consisted of

a Massachusetts residents protesting New Hampshire’s import tax on their state’s products

b farmers trying to prevent foreclosure on their property for debts and taxes owed

c Massachusetts residents protesting the national government’s tax on liquor

d Bostonians throwing British tea into Boston Harbor

e tobacco farmers protesting tariffs on their crops

ANS: B REF: 51 NOT: F

22 Shays’s Rebellion indicated the

a urgent need to maintain domestic order

b unpopularity of the new national taxes

c inability of the British to maintain a border presence

d continuing threat to the United States from the Native Americans

e ongoing religious conflicts between American Protestants and Catholics

23 Originally, the Constitutional Convention’s purpose was to

a eliminate the power of the Second Continental Congress

b overturn articles amended by the Second Continental Congress

c revise the Articles of Confederation

d file a formal tax protest with England

e adopt a new constitution

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24 A group of delegates to the Constitutional Convention proposed a powerful national government to replace the weak confederation of states This was known as the

a Marshall Plan

b Virginia Plan

c New Jersey Plan

d Connecticut Compromise

e Grand Compromise

25 The law-enforcing branch of government is known as the

a executive branch

b legislative branch

c judicial branch

d federal branch

e republican branch

ANS: A REF: 52 NOT: C

26 A key component of the Virginia Plan was

a equal legislative representation for all states

b that essential powers would be kept within the states

c a strong national legislature

d an executive who would have absolute veto power over legislative actions

e strong states’ rights

ANS: C REF: 52 |53 NOT: F

27 One similarity between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan was that both plans

a provided for a legislature with two houses

b based representation on state population

c specified the creation of a system of national courts

d left unspecified how many people the executive might have

e gave the executive the right to veto legislation

ANS: D REF: 52 |54 NOT: F

28 According to the New Jersey Plan, how was representation to be structured in Congress?

a There would be population-based representation in both houses

b There would be one house, and representation in it would be based on population

c States would have equal representation in one house and population-based representation

in the other

d There would be one house, and all states would have equal representation in it

e Representation was to be based on the three-fifths compromise

ANS: D REF: 53 |54 NOT: F

29 The Great Compromise provided for

a a two-chamber legislature with equal representation for all states

b a two-chamber legislature with equal representation for all states in one chamber and

population-based representation in the other

c a one-chamber legislature with representation based on population

d a two-chamber legislature with representation based on population

e upper-house members elected separately from lower-house members

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30 The Great Compromise was also known as the Compromise because of the state

delegation that initially proposed it

a Virginia

b New Jersey

c Massachusetts

d Pennsylvania

e Connecticut

31 Under the Constitution, if no candidate wins a majority of the electoral vote, then the president will be selected by the

a Supreme Court

b House of Representatives

c Senate

d nation’s governors

e free vote of the nation’s electors

32 When selecting the president, each state has a number of electors equal to

a the size of its population divided by the national population

b all the other states’ number of electors

c the number of its representatives in Congress

d the size of its population divided by the number of its eligible voters

e its number of local units of government

33 Republicanism is a form of government in which power

a is divided between the state and national levels

b is concentrated in one political party

c is divided among three branches

d is separated between some elected and some appointed government officials

e resides in the people and is exercised by their elected representatives

ANS: E REF: 56 NOT: C

34 Federalism, or the division of power between a national government and regional units, stands in contrast to

a pluralism

b unitary government

c republican government

d autocratic government

e majoritarian government

35 The assignment in the Constitution of lawmaking, law-enforcing, and law-interpreting functions to the legislative, executive, and judicial branches respectively is known as

a judicial review

b direct democracy

c inherent powers

d a separation of powers

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ANS: D REF: 57 NOT: C

36 Under separation of powers, the U.S system keeps power among branches balanced by enabling one branch to counter the actions of another by the use of

a federalism

b republicanism

c authority

d economic manipulation

e checks and balances

ANS: E REF: 58 NOT: C

37 The power of the president to veto laws is an example of

a federalism

b implied powers

c checks and balances

d separation of powers

e enumeration

38 Article I of the Constitution refers to the

a Preamble

b legislative branch

c executive branch

d judicial branch

39 The power of Congress to charter a bank is an example of what type of power?

a Inherent

b Implied

c Derived

d Reserved

e Enumerated

40 A constitutional clause that allows for a broad interpretation of implied powers is known as a(n) clause

a earmark

b reciprocal

c rudimentary

d elastic

e ornate

ANS: D REF: 60 NOT: C

41 Which of the following is not a power granted to the president under the Constitution?

a The power to make treaties

b The power to appoint government officers, diplomats and judges

c The power to declare war

d The power to veto

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e The power to convene Congress

42 Congress exercises a potential check on the judicial branch through its constitutional power to

a create or eliminate lower federal courts

b appoint federal judges

c remove federal judges that declare acts of Congress unconstitutional

d eliminate the U.S Supreme Court

43 Unless they are impeached, federal judges serve

a for two years

b for ten years

c for twenty years

d for life

e on the grace of the executive

44 The text of the Constitution deals with slavery by referring to slaves as

a “permanent servants.”

b “African natives.”

c “Southern property.”

d “slaves.”

e “all other Persons.”

45 Under the Constitution, the slave trade

a was banned

b was guaranteed only for Southern states

c could be ended after twenty years

d was not mentioned

e was initially condemned, but this language was removed to win support from Southern delegates to the Convention

46 Supporters of the Constitution named themselves

a Republicans

b Democrats

c Sons of Liberty

d Antifederalists

e Federalists

47 Before it could take effect, the Constitution had to be ratified by states:

a 13

b 8

c 10

d 9

e 5

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