The federal government was responsible for military health care Learning Objective: Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions Feedback: Incorrect: The BNA did not assign the responsibility
Trang 11 What is the origin of Medicare?
a The American health care system
b Traditional Aboriginal healing practices
c The religious orders that first provided health care
d Canada's federal government
2 Who was assigned the responsibility for health care in the 1867 Constitution Act (British North America Act)?
a The provinces were responsible for public health care
b First Nations communities were responsible for Aboriginal health care
c The federal government was responsible for military health care
d The provinces were responsible for health policy
3 Where was North America's first universal health insurance program implemented?
a Manitoba in 1957
b Canada in 1967
c Prince Edward Island in 1867
d Saskatchewan in 1947
4 What was the purpose of the Canada Health Act (1984)?
a Provide the provinces with more legal authority
b Ban extra billing and user fees
c Establish a national drug plan
d Increase Canadians' access to health care based on ability to pay
5 What Act has as its cornerstones publicly administrated, comprehensive, universal, portable, and
accessible?
a Hospital Insurance and Diagnostic Services Act
b Constitution Act
c Canada Health Act
d American Medicare Act
6 What is one of the primary objectives of Canadian health care policy according to the Canada Health Act (1984)?
a Facilitate reasonable access to hospital care
b Protect the health care system from privatization
c Restore stable health care funding to the provinces
d Protect, promote, and restore the physical and mental well-being of Canadians
7 How has the Canada Health Act (1984) been successful in ensuring all Canadians have access to the health care they need?
a Creating specific mechanisms to ensure accountability and transparency
b Establishing criteria and conditions for insured health care services that must be met before federal transfer
payments are made
c Penalizing provinces that do not comply with the public health aspects of the Act
d Determining the extent to which each province and territory has satisfied the criteria and conditions of the Act
Trang 28 Which model dominated public and political thinking about health during the time that the Canadian Medicare system was created in 1957?
a Healthy lifestyle model
b Socio-environmental model
c Biomedical model
d Health promotion model
9 Who said, "The practice of health care has evolved And despite efforts to keep pace, Medicare has not"?
a Monique Begin, Minister of Health
b Ralph Klein, Premier of Alberta
c Brian Mulroney, Prime Minister of Canada
d Ray Romanow, Commissioner on the Future of Health Care
10 How does Canada rank in the world with respect to health care?
a Canadian men and women outlive Americans
b Canada spent 16% of the gross national product on health care in 2008
c The Canadian infant mortality rate is one of the best in the world
d Canada has the highest cost per capita in health care expenditures
11 What are the four determinants of health identified by the Lalonde Report (1974)?
a Socio-environmental, biomedical, disease prevention, and health promotion
b Gender, culture, working conditions, and education
c Biological, emotional, spiritual, and psychological
d Environment, lifestyle, human biology, and the health care system
12 What provided the basis for the Ottawa Charter?
a Alma Ata Declaration
b Canada Health Act
c National Forum on Health
d Epp Framework
13 What is involved in a health care system that focuses on primary care?
a People accessing health care services at the first point of contact
b Health education, proper nutrition, and disease prevention
c Disease prevention, health protection, and health promotion
d Accessible, acceptable, and affordable health care
14 Recently, Family Health Teams have been set up to provide primary health care Where have these been established?
a Ontario
b Quebec
c Nova Scotia
d British Columbia
15 Who funds public health in Canada?
Trang 316 What nursing sector is currently the fastest-growing area in Canada?
a Public health
b Acute care
c Home care
d Long-term care
17 Mr Jones lives in Ontario and requires home care nursing and support services Who would deliver these services?
a Social services branch of the department of health
b Local public health units
c Agency contracted by the Local Health Integration Network
d Local health authority
18 What is a common argument for the discontinuation of publicly funded, not-for-profit health care?
a Shortage of health care workers
b The aging Canadian population will escalate health care costs
c Emerging diseases
d Pressure from for-profit centres for federal funding
19 What statement is true about community health nurses in Canada?
a They are slightly younger than hospital nurses
b The proportion in leadership positions is increasing
c They are more likely to have a university degree
d About 75% work full time in the community
20 In 2002, Romanow recommended a shift to health promotion and disease prevention What is a barrier to achieving this goal?
a Competing care challenges
b Lack of stable long-term funding
c Number of people requiring home care
d Shortage of health care professionals
21 Role clarity has been identified as an issue for community health nurses in the 2010 Synthesis of Canadian
Community Health Nursing Reports What is a component of role clarity?
a Understanding the role of other health care professionals
b Common language to describe the role
c Access to specialized expertise
d Leadership development
22 What factor has the greatest impact on community health nurses' ability to practice to their full scope?
a Staffing shortages
b Funding
c Leadership
d Being valued for their services
Trang 423 What organizational supports would encourage the professional development of community health nurses?
a Regular performance feedback
b Formalized communication mechanisms
c Formalized student preceptor programs
d Articulation of the vision
24 In 1989 the Treasury Board approved the transfer of Indian health services Which statement is true about this transfer?
a Transferred responsibility to the provinces
b Unspent monies were to be returned
c Requires certain programs to be offered
d Optional to all First Nation and Inuit communities
25 What health care service accounts for the smallest percentage of health care dollars?
a Physicians
b Hospitals
c Drugs
d Home care
26 The Best Practice Guidelines on Nursing Leadership (RNAO, 2006) outlined attributes for effective nurse
leaders What is one of those attributes?
a Avoiding risk taking
b Organizational ability
c Social awareness
d Comfort with routines
27 Contrast the terms primary care and primary health care and give an example for each related to
community health nursing practice
28 Summarize two federal initiatives in the development of health promotion and give one rationale for each that illustrates their importance on an international level
29 Give an example of where the Canada Health Act (1984) has been successful Provide a rationale and an example of where its success has been more limited
30 Describe the importance of three historical milestones in the development of the Canadian health care system
31 Discuss three Canadian values that are reflected in the current Medicare system
32 Name three of the five principles of the Canada Health Act (1984) and give an example for each
Trang 5Activity Name: Chapter 02
1 c The religious orders that first provided health care
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Correct: The idea of Medicare evolved from the traditions of religious orders
Incorrect: The American health care system did not influence Medicare
Incorrect: Aboriginal healing practices did not contribute to the evolution of Medicare
Incorrect: Canada's federal government enacted legislation for universal Medicare, but the idea originated with the
early religious orders
Hints:
2 c The federal government was responsible for military health care
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: The BNA did not assign the responsibility for health policy to either the federal or provincial governments Incorrect: Public health care was not assigned to either level of government
Incorrect: Aboriginal health care was the responsibility of the federal government
Correct: The BNA assigned health care services for veterans and the military to the federal government
Hints:
3 d Saskatchewan in 1947
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: This was the start of the universal health insurance program in Canada, but Canada followed
Saskatchewan
Incorrect: The first universal health insurance program was introduced in Saskatchewan
Correct: Saskatchewan introduced the first universal health insurance program under Tommy Douglas
Incorrect: P.E.I did not introduce the first universal health insurance program
Hints:
4 b Ban extra billing and user fees
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: The Bill C-3 was introduced to control extra fees being charged by provinces and physicians
Incorrect: The Canada Health Act did not establish a national drug plan
Correct: Extra billings and user fees were escalating and threatening the universal health care program
Incorrect: The Act was to prevent access based on ability to pay
Hints:
Trang 65 c Canada Health Act
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Correct: These are the cornerstones of the Canada Health Act
Incorrect: These are not cornerstones of the American Medicare Act
Incorrect: This Act introduced universal health care in Canada
Incorrect: The Constitution Act created Canada as a dominion
Hints:
6 d Protect, promote, and restore the physical and mental well-being of Canadians
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: It is to facilitate reasonable access to health services, not hospital care
Correct: This is one of the primary objectives
Incorrect: This was not one of the primary objectives
Incorrect: Funding was limited to medically necessary physician and hospital services
Hints:
7 b Establishing criteria and conditions for insured health care services that must be met before federal transfer
payments are made
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: The provinces needed to meet the criteria and conditions or lose funding
Incorrect: Public authority is accountable to the government but does not ensure access
Correct: This is the way in which the federal government ensured access to health care across Canada It prevented the use of user fees and extra billing
Incorrect: Access would be ensured if the provinces met the criteria, not by penalizing them
Hints:
8 c Biomedical model
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: The biomedical approach was popular at that time
Incorrect: The healthy lifestyle model began in the 1970s
Incorrect: The health promotion model began in the 1970s
Correct: The biomedical model to health was common during this period
Hints:
Trang 79 d Ray Romanow, Commissioner on the Future of Health Care
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: This statement was not made by Ralph Klein
Correct: Ray Romanow made this statement
Incorrect: Brian Mulroney did not make this comment
Incorrect: This comment was made after Monique Begin was Minister of Health
Hints:
10 a Canadian men and women outlive Americans
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: The United States has a higher cost than Canada
Correct: Canadian women live three years longer and men two years longer than Americans
Incorrect: A number of developed countries have lower infant mortality rates than Canada
Incorrect: Canada spent only 10.4% of the GNP
Hints:
11 d Environment, lifestyle, human biology, and the health care system
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: These are the approaches to health enhancement
Incorrect: These are not the four determinants identified by Lalonde
Correct: Lalonde identified environment, lifestyle, human biology, and the health care system as the four
determinants of health
Incorrect: These determinants of health were added to refine and add to the original four determinants
Hints:
12 d Epp Framework
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: The Alma Ata Declaration was signed by Canada at an international conference that focused on the protection and promotion of health for all people
Correct: The Epp Framework introduced health promotion, which became the basis for the Ottawa Charter
Incorrect: The Canada Health Act is federal legislation that outlines the criteria and conditions provinces must meet
to get federal funding for health care
Incorrect: The National Forum on Health is an advisory body to the prime minister on ways to improve the health
care system and the health of Canadians
Hints:
Trang 813 a People accessing health care services at the first point of contact
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Correct: Primary care occurs when people are able to access their family physician or nurse practitioner as the first point of contact
Incorrect: These are some of the criteria that the provinces must meet to receive federal money for health care Incorrect: Primary health care refers to first point of contact
Incorrect: These are some of the roles of public health
Hints:
14 a Ontario
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: They were not set up in Nova Scotia
Correct: Ontario recently set up Family Health Teams in communities to provide health care
Incorrect: Quebec set up the first primary health units with salaried employees They were based on Centres Locaux de Service Communautaires
Incorrect: British Columbia's walk-in clinics are not called Family Health Teams
Hints:
15 a Provincial and/or municipal tax dollars
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: The federal government does not fund public health
Correct: Public health funding comes from provincial and municipal tax dollars
Incorrect: The provincial government assists the municipal governments in funding public health
Incorrect: The federal government does not fund public health
Hints:
16 c Home care
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: Public health is not growing as quickly as home care
Incorrect: Acute care nursing is not growing as quickly as home care
Correct: The increasing growth in home care is due to the belief that care in the home will be less costly
Incorrect: Home care is the fastest-growing sector
Hints:
Trang 917 c Agency contracted by the Local Health Integration Network
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: Public health units do not offer home care services in Ontario
Incorrect: In the Yukon a social services branch of the department of health offers home care
Correct: In Ontario services are contracted by one of 14 Local Health Integration Networks
Incorrect: Most provinces have home care offered through local health authorities
Hints:
18 b The aging Canadian population will escalate health care costs
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Correct: The aging population is predicted to escalate health care costs
Incorrect: There is no evidence that this is escalating costs at the same rate as the aging population
Incorrect: Some for-profit clinics currently access provincial funding
Incorrect: Although there is a shortage of health care workers, this is not related to escalating costs
Hints:
19 c They are more likely to have a university degree
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: Nurses working in community health are older than nurses in hospitals
Incorrect: Only 54% work full time in the community
Correct: This is true
Incorrect: The proportion in leadership has decreased
Hints:
20 b Lack of stable long-term funding
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: Funding, not staff shortages, is a major barrier
Correct: Lack of stable long-term funding is the major barrier The funding that currently exists is being threatened Incorrect: Funding is the major barrier
Incorrect: Funding, not care challenges, is the major barrier
Hints:
Trang 1021 b Common language to describe the role
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Correct: This is one of the components of role clarity
Incorrect: The community health nurses' role is not understood by other health care professionals
Incorrect: This was not a component of role clarity
Incorrect: This was not a component of role clarity
Hints:
22 c Leadership
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: Community health nurses are not currently valued for their services Role clarity will assist with this Incorrect: Although funding is an issue, leadership was identified as having the greatest impact
Correct: Leadership, especially front-line managers, has the greatest impact on community health nurses being able
to work to their full scope
Incorrect: Shortages of nurses may be a factor in having the capacity to give care, but leadership is the greatest
factor in a nurse's ability to work to full scope
Hints:
23 a Regular performance feedback
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: This strategy will improve the infrastructure
Incorrect: This strategy will improve the workplace but not necessarily develop the nurse professionally
Incorrect: This is an infrastructure strategy, not a support aimed at professional development
Correct: Providing community health nurses with regular performance feedback from a variety of sources allows the
nurses to develop
Hints:
24 c Requires certain programs to be offered
Learning Objective:
Chapter 2 Multiple Choice Questions
Feedback:
Incorrect: The transfer was to those First Nation and Inuit communities who wished to assume authority for their health care
Incorrect: This transfer of authority was optional for communities south of the 60th parallel
Correct: Those communities that accepted the authority were required to ensure that certain public health and treatment programs were available
Incorrect: The community had flexibility in how money was spent, but they were allowed to keep unspent funds