Loai A vi chi c6 metylamin tac dung voi dung dich FeCIa.. Loai B v i mat xich dau tien trong cong thuc khong phai la mot a-aminoaxit.. • Nhan xet: D e lam duoc bai tap nay hoc sinh can
Trang 1Ca'm nang 6n luygn thi dgi hgc 18 chuygn dg H6a hgc - Nguygn Van htai
' • V ^ y : m = 127.0,1 + 74,5.0,2 = 27,60 gam. ''^''[ mstm^ ^
- > Dap an B ' ' ' ' ' r 5 = - ^
Lin< 1/: Trong bai nay cac em de quen KCl khi h'nh khoi lugng muol va chor,
nham phuong an D!
Vi d\ 6: Cho 0,02 mol amino axit X tac dung vira dii voi 10ml dung dich HC|
2M thu du-oc 3,07 gam muoi khan Mat khac 0,02 mol X tac dving vua du v6i
dung dich chua 0,02 mol NaOH Cong thuc cua X la i' 'i^w,;
-A H2NC2H3(COOH)2 ''; B H2NC3H5(COOH)2.'^^ ^
C (H2N)2C3H5COOH • 'f^^'Ky: ^ D H2NC4H8COOH ' - " i '
Laigidi: "^"^
nHci = 0,02 mol; nnaOH = 0,02 mol
-Ta c6: nHci: nx = 1:1 —> Trong X c6 chiia 1 nhom - N H 2
" N a O H : nx = 2:1 Trong X chua 1 nhom - C O O H
G<?i cong thiic cua X la H2NR(COOH)2
H2N-R-COOH + HCl > ClHaN-R-COOH '
Mol: 0,02 • + ' - i ' ^a02
3 07 -> ClHaN-R-COOH = = 153,5 R = 56 (C4H8) Dap an D
Vi dv 7: Cho X la mot amino axit Cho 0,1 mol X tac dung vira du 100 ml HCl
IM, thu dugc 18,35 gam muoi khan Mat khac, 0,1 mol X tac dung vira dii
vai 100ml dung dich NaOH 2M Cong thuc cau tgo cua X la:
I A H2N-C3H6-COOH B H2N-C2H3(COOH)2
^ C.H2N-C3H5(COOH)2 H D.(H2N)2C3H5-COOH
'•••••"•r Laigidi: ' •;„;••.••,: ••
nHci = 0,01 mol; nwaOH = 0,02 mol
Nhan xet: nna: nx = 1:1 —> X chua 1 nhom -NH2
nNaOH : nx = 2:1 -> X chua 2 nhom - C O O H - ,?* iv- ; f
Ggi cong thuc cua X la H2N-R(COOH)2
H2NR(COOH)2 + HCl > ClH3NR(COOH)2
Mol: 0,1 0,1 ' J AMti'Dr
^ R + 142,5 = = 183,5 -> R = 41 (C3H5) ^ Dap an C
Vi du 8: Cho 0,15 mol H2NC3H5(COOH)2 (axit glutamic) vao 175ml dung dich
HCl 2M, thu dugc dung djch X Cho NaOH du vao X Sau khi cac phan ung
A 0,70 B.0,50 C.0,65 D 0,55
Cty TIMHH MTV DVVH Khang Vigt
i man xet: ^ , r-;.! iv::K:;<>:;>^^(,;
i Tong so'mol cac axit c6 trong X = ncooH + nHci
= 0,15.2 + 0,35 = 0,65 mol nNaOH = 0,65 mol. i 1 '
—> Dap an C
yi du 9: Hon hgp X gom 2 amino axit no (chi c6 nhom chuc - C O O H va - N H 2 trong phan tu), trong do ti 1^ mo : mN = 80 : 21 De tac dung vira du voi 7,66 gam X can 60ml dung djch HCl IM Cho 7,66 gam X tac dung vira du vol dung dich KOH, thu dugc dung dich Y Co can Y thu dugc m gam muoi khan Gia tri cua m la
Matkhac: no(x)=2ncooH ^ n c o o H = 0/1 mol ,
Nhqn thay: Khi tac dung voi KOH, - C O O H se chuyen thanh - C O O K nen:
Tang giam khoi lugng: m = mx + 0,1(39-1) = 7,66 + 0,1.38 = 11,46 gam.,
H 10: Dung dich nao sau day lam chuyen mau qui tim thanh xanh 1
A Glyxin , B Valin C Lysin D Alanin ' •
» Lai gidi:
Loai A, B, D vi dung dich cac chat nay c6 moi truong trung tinh va khong
Phuong an C: Lysin c6 cong thuc cau tao (NH2)2C5H9COOH W^J^-tHD Trong phan tir lysin c6 2 nhom chuc amin va 1 nhom chuc axit cacboxyl ->
dung dich CO moi truong b a z a l a m quy tim chuyen xanh
-> Dap an C
||l^i d\ 11: Eote X dugc dieu che tir a-aminoaxit (chua 1 nhom -NH2 va mot
nhom -COOH) va ancol etylic Dot chay hoan toan 1,03 gam cha't X thu dugc 1,76 gam CO2; 0,81 gam H2O va 112ml N2 (dktc) Cong thuc cau tao cua X la:
Trang 2CSiii naiig on luy^n thi d^ii hyc 18 chiiyen d6 116;; ligc - Nguyen V'Sii Hdi
A H2N-CH2 -COOC2H5
C C2H5-CH(NH2)-COOC2H5
B CH3-CH(NH2)-COOC2H5
D C2H3CH(NH2)COOC2Hs
nco2 = 0/04 mol; n n j o = 0,045 mol; n ^ ^ = 0,005 mol , ,,
Gpi cong t h i i c cua X la C x H y 0 2 N i n
1 X : y : 1 = n c : H H : = 0,04 : 0,09 : 0,01 = 4 : 9 : 1 A '{fxd f«o/: :
^ Cong t h i i c p h a n tit cua X la C4H9O2N —> Dap an A
Vi d\ 12: So' dipeptit to'i da c6 the tao ra tir m p t hon hp-p gom alanin va glyxin
la
A 3 B 1 C.2 s! nt.E)^:4iTJ fiJO :
.^MM: Laigidi: akri a ' • ,1':!
Nhan xet: Tie h o n h o p 2 amino axit la A l a v a Gly, c6 the tao ra to'i da 4
d i p e p t i t la: Ala-Ala; Gly-Gly; Ala-Gly va Gly-Ala , = „
—>• D a p an D
Luu y: D i p e p t i t Ala-Gl y khac dipeptit Gly-Ala
-Bai 1: Dot chay hoan toan 0,1 mol mot amin X (no, mach ha, phan ttr chiia > 2
, n g u y e n t i i C ) bang oxi vira d u , t h u dirge 0,7 m o l h o n h o p Y g o m k h i va hoi
Cho 6,0 g a m X tac d y n g v o i d u n g dich H C l (du), so'mol H C I p h a n u n g la
A 0,1 B.0,4 C.0,3 D.0,2
Bai 2: Trung hoa hoan toan 8,88 gam mpt amin (b^c mpt, mach cacbon khong
phan nhanh) bang axit H C l , tao ra 17,64 gam m u o i A m i n c6 cong thiic la
A H2NCH2CH2CH2CH2NH2 B CH3CH2CH2NH2
Bai 3: Dot chay hoan toan V lit hoi mot amin X bang mpt l u p n g oxi vua d u , tao
ra 8V l i t h o n h p p g o m k h i cacbonic, k h i n i t o va h o i n u o c (cac the tich k h i va
h o i deu do 6 cung dieu ki?n) A m i n X tac d y n g v o i axit n i t r o 6 nhi?t &Q
t h u o n g , giai p h o n g k h i nito Chat X la ,,
A CH3-CH2-CH2-NH2 B CH2=CH-CH2-NH2
c C H 3-<:H2-NH-CH3 D C H 2 = C H - N H - C H 3
Bai 4: Cho hon hpp X gom 2 amin don chuc la dong dang ke tiep nhau tac
dving v o l d u n g djch H C l t h u dupe 14,2 gam h 6 n h p p m u o i Cho h o n h(?P
fc m u o i do vao d u n g dich A g N 0 3 d u t h u dupe 28,7 gam ke't tua Vay cong
i j t h i i c phan t u cua cac chat trong hSn hpp la:
CM A CHsN va C2H7N B C2H7N va C3H9N
C. C3H9N va O H n N * ' D C4H11N va C5H13N
Cty TNHH MTV DVVH Khang VIgt
^ai 5: Dot chay hoan toan hon hgp hai amin (no, don chuc, mach ho, dong dang ke'tiep) thu dupe CO2 va H2O voi ti 1^ so'mol nco2- " H a O ^ l • 2 • Hai
a m i n la
A. CH3NH2 va C2H5NH2 • ' B C2H5NH2vaC3H7NK2
C C3H7NH2 va C4H9NH2 " • " D C2H5NH2 va C4H9NH2 '' " ' Bai 6: H o n hpp X gom hai amin (no, don chiic bac I , ke' tiep nhau trong day dong dang) T r u n g hoa 0,42 gam X can dung 1 l i t dung dich gom H C l va H2SO4 CO p H bang 2 H a i amin trong X la:
Bai 7: A n i l i n eo t i n h cha't hoa hpc co ban nao giong v o i metylamin?
^ A Tac d u n g v o i d u n g dich FeCb B Tac d u n g v o i d u n g d i c h Br2 ^
i^P C Tac d y n g voi dung dich H C l D Do'i mau quy tim
Bai 8: Day g o m cac cha't deu l a m gia'y quy t i m am chuyen sang m a u xanh la:
A A n i l i n , m e t y l a m i n , amoniac
B A m o n i clorua, metylamin, natri hidroxit
C A n i l i n , amoniac, n a t r i hidroxit
D M e t y l a m i n , amoniac, natri axetat
Bai 9: Co 3 chat l o n g anilin, benzen, stiren, d u n g rieng b i ^ t t r o n g 3 Ip m a t nhan
Bai 11: N e u thiiy phan khong hoan toan pentapeptit Gly-Ala-Gly-Val-Gly thi
t h u dupe t o i da bao nhieu dipeptit khac nhau
Bai 12: N g u d i ta dieu che anilin bang so do sau:
Benzen -"No,a(H,so,d) ^ ^jtrobenzen ^^^""""^ > anilin
Bie't h i | u suat giai doan tao thanh nitrobenzen dat 60% v a h i ^ u suat giai doan tao thanh a n i l i n dat 50% K h o i l u p n g a n i l i n t h u dupe k h i dieu che tir
156 gam benzen la «7
A 186,0 gam B 55,8 gam C 93,0 gam D 111,6 gam
Trang 3CJm nang 6n luy$n thi dgi hpc 18 chiiy§n di H6a hpc - Nguygn Van H5i
Bai 13: Thuoc thu dugc dung de phan biet Gly-Ala-Gly vai Gly-Ala la
A Dung dich N a O H B Dung dich NaCl
C Cu(OH)2 trong moi truong kiem D Dung dich H C l
Bai 14: Co bao nhieu tripeptit (mach ho) khac loai ma khi thuy phan hoan tohn
deu thu duQC 3 aminoaxit: Glyxin, alanin va phenylalanin i j i ;
A 6 B.9 C 4 D 3 ' r' ^
Bai 15: Este X dugc dieu che tii aminoaxit A don chiic va ancol etylic Hoa hoi
hoan toan 2,06 gam X thu dugc the tich bang the tich ciia 0,56 gam khi nito
(o cimg dieu kien nhiet do, ap suat) Cong thiic cau tao ciia X la
A N H 2 - C H 2 - CH2- COC)-CH2-CH3 B N H 2 - C H 2 - COOCH2-CH3
C CHa - N H - C O O - C H 2 - C H 3 D C H 3 - C O O N H - C H 2 - C H 3
Bai 16: Dun nong 51,72 gam hon hgp gom 2a mol tripeptit mach h a X va a mol
tetrapeptit mach ho Y voi 300ml dung djch N a O H 2M (vua du) Sau khi cac
phan ling ket thiic, c6 can dung dich thu dugc m gam muoi khan ciia cac
amino axit deu c6 mot nhom - C O O H va mot nhom - N H 2 trong phan tir
Gia tri cua m la , ^
A 75,72 B 72,48 ' " C 78,96 D 77,52
Bai 17: Phat bieu nao sau day la diing?
A Tat ca cac peptit deu C O phan ung mau blure j „ r,
' B H 2 N - C H 2 - C H 2 - C C ) - N H - C H 2 - C O O H la mgl dipeptit ' ' ' ' '
- C Muo'i phenylamoni clorua khong tan trong nuac
D O dieu ki^n thuong, metylamin va dimetylamin la nhiing chat khi c6 miii
khai
Bai 18: D u n nong m gam hon hgp gom a mol tetrapeptit mach ho X va 2a mol
tripeptit mach h a Y voi 300ml dung dich K O H I M (vua du) Sau khi cac
phan ung ket thiic, c6 can dung dich thu dugc 41,04 gam muoi khan cua cac
amino axit deu c6 mot nhom - C O O H va mgt nhom - N H 2 trong phan tii
Gia tri ciia m la
A 33,00 B 27,15 C 25,86 D 22,24
Bai 19: D u n nong 26,9 gam hon hgp gom a mol dipeptit mach h a X va 2a mol
tripeptit mach ho Y voi 400ml dung dich H C l I M (vua dii) Sau khi cac
phan ling ket thiic, c6 can dung dich thu dugc m gam muoi khan ciia cac
amino axit deu c6 mgt nhom - C O O H va mgt nhom - N H 2 trong phan tit
Gia tri cua m la
Dap an D
Bill: ^ , • _ , , ^ Nhqn xct: Dua theo cac dap an, amin la no, dan chiic hoac no, hai chiic
Gia sii amiII 2 chiic (vi c6 3 trong 4 phuong an)
R ( N H , 2 2HC1 > R(NH3C1)2 « J riir^-^ ,S ^ H
Mol: 0,12 -f- 0,24 ^ ^'<h:A&i
Bao toan khoi lugng: mnci = 8,76 gam - > nuci = 0,24 mol sHVi 1
^ Mnmin = 74 ^ R = 42 (-C3H6-) ]' t^^ ' ' ±Af
- > Dap an D , ,,;:;tiv:-fii|:J.|>:-d£^.i''::S'
Bai 3: •„ : //-•-^Or-i-^/^V''^'^ ^7.^v-'^^ y^ '•• , ,A nfi q&G
Nhqn xet: D u a theo cac dap an Amin chiia 1 nguyen tu N • •,
Ggi cong thiic ciia X la CxHyN a,, f , i u a i i - _ ; v i >> A i^o i
C H y N M x + ^ ) 0 2 ^ XCO2 + I H 2 O + iN ^^^^^^^Sm:'J
V: 1 -x^ 0,5y 0,5 •^.\^y^;^,uh
x + 0,5y + 0,5 = 8 - > 2 x + y = 1 5 - ^ x = 3;y = 9 - > C3H9N. j j^;,, ;
Mat khac X tac dung voi axit nitro 0 nhiet do thugng, giai phong khi nito
X la amin bac I Loai B nv^iam:mM^!!imfix fnism i v j ,t%
5, Dap A „, jy^, , , « v M H X B 3rt»B:ff lira-Q:J s'srtob imaM. fv.fi f t ; ; - •
Trang 4Loai A vi chi c6 metylamin tac dung voi dung dich FeCIa '
Loai B vi chi c6 anilin tac dung voi nuoc brom
Phuong an C: Anilin va metyl amin deu c6 tinh baza nen deu tac dyng voi
dung dich HCl
Loai D vi chi metylamin lam doi mau qui tim
- > D a p a n C ; ^ ' ^'
Bai8:
Loai A, C vi anilin khong lam chuyen mau qui tim am
Loai B vi amoni clorua c6 moi truong axit yeu, lam qui tim am chuyen sang
CH2=CH-COOH + Br2 > CH2Br-CHBr-COOH ^ ' ' X /rtoW
C 6 H 5 N H 2 (anilin) + 3Br2 > C6H2Br3NH2i tr.4ng + 3HBr ' ' ' ' '
CaHsOH (phenol) + 3Br2 > C6H2Br30Hi tring + 3HBr
- > D a p a n D -['-f- "''r MH ,^no;
B a i l l : Khi thiiy phan khong hoan toan pentapeptit Gly-Ala-Gly-Va'-Gly, c6 the thu diroc cac loai dipeptit la: Gly-Ala, Ala-Gly, Gly-Val, Val-Gly
—> Dap an D
Lim y: Gly-Ala khac Ala-Gly, amino axit viet truoc la amino axit dau amin,
con viet sau la dau cacboxyl
CO tinh chat nay ^
- > D a p a n C i r i l rlOi:-!/! 5' • )ij»:|9q,ufi3 oifa'ift'f v i r , - • ;
Nhqn xet: Tripeptit (mach ho) can chua 3 aminoaxit: Gly, Ala va Phe
Co 6 loai tripeptit nhu vay: Gly-Phe; Gly-Phe-Ala; Gly-Phe; Phe-Gly; Phe-Gly-Ala; Phe-Ala-Gly
Ala > Dap an A '^'Z '^B; ' '^'"^''''' ' '
• 367
Trang 5Cáiri naiíj on luyen thi dai lioc 18 chuyfen cii; Hcia lioc Mtjnyf'ii Van HSi
B a i l 5 :
n ^ i j = 0,02 m o l • 's,i*tft'fiij,l li-M •dUisflt ôAtAwyid vyun Im •:jiA smrnj
GQi cong thiic ciia X la H2NRCOOC2H5 iQ, 4 - r - , '^-ML + -Hv'Ậ
nx = n^i^ ^ 0,02 m o l , j j u j i U ^Qun \<>J s.i"'ub ,:^!v:>,: •> rv,.v •
^ M x = 103 -> R = 1 4 ( - C H 2 - ) ' ' " ' • '''^^ •••
-> Dap an B "' *'
B a i l 6 :
Nhqn xet: K h i cho cac peptit tac dung voi N a O H thi c6 cac lien ket peptit va
n h o m - C O O H (ciia amino axit dau C) tham gia phan ung
Theo bai, 2a mol tripeptit mach ho Y c6 2ạ2 = 4a m o l lien ket peptit
; ; a m o l tetrapeptit mach ho X c6 ạ3 = 3a m o l lien ket peptit
Tong so m o l nhom - C O O H bang a + 2a = 3ạ ^
Cac phan u n g riit gon ciia lien ket peptit va n h o m - C O O H la: ^,
C O N H + N a O H > C O O N a + H 2 N
-Mol: 7a 7a
- C O O H + N a O H > - C O O N a + H 2 O
M o l : 3a 3a 3a , f t i | ' e f A - ^ f ; > : ; i ; HV,
Theo bai: n N n o n = 7a + 3a = 10a = 0,6 -> a = 0,06 mol. ^^^^^ ^ - j , ^ ^.^^y
Bao toan khoi lugng: : £ i
51,72 + m N a O H = m m i i o i khan + m ,, Q j _ r v \
- > m n , u o i k h a n = 51,72 + 0,6.40 - 0,06.3.18 = 72,48 gam. ' ^ \'t^'''^-''-i(:it.,
•i - > D a p a n B • ;ii • •r":''^''< '(\^,"'(W)''"''"^"'
Bai 17:,,:
Loai A v i cac tripeptit t r o len m o i c6 phan l i n g m a u biure (cac dipeptit
khong CO phan ung)
Loai B v i mat xich dau tien trong cong thuc khong phai la mot a-aminoaxit
Loai C v i m u o i phenylamoni clorua tan trong nuoc
ai D a p an D 6 dieu k i ^ n thuong, c6 4 amin: Metylamin, dimetylamin,
- ^ trimetylamin va etylamin deu la nhirng chat k h i c6 m i i i khaị j ^
Nhan xct: K h i cho cac peptit tac dung v o i N a O H thi c6 cac lien ket peptit va
nhom - C O O H (ciia amino axit dau C) tham gia phan ung
Theo bai, a mol tetrapeptit mach ho X c6 ạ3 = 3a mol lien ket peptit
"fii 2a mol tripeptit mach ho Y c6 2ạ2 = 4a m o l lien ket peptit , ;
Tong so mol n h o m - C O O H bang a + 2a =3ạ i3-3fí;i
Cac phan u n g riit gon ciia lien ket peptit va n h o m - C O O H la;,-; {||iQ
4*-368
- C O - N H - + N a O H
Mol: 7a 7a
C O O H + N a O H Mol: 3a , 3a
> C O O N a + H 2 N
-—> - C O O N a + H 2 O 5
iy-.i\a h « v':,ii>I Ji-'X'M ; ' [ '
Theo bai: n N a o n = 7a + 3a = 10a = 0,3 —> a = 0,03 mol. o s b Ad'}
Bao toan khoi lugng: :(3'-I) n^^iiailó!
m + m K O l I = m m u o i khan + m [i^Q «/(!.,."',_ _.||: J, , pj
- ^ m = 41,04 + 0,03.3.18-0,3.56 = 25,86 gam :n«wfé»H -> Dap an C :,
Nhan xet: K h i cho cac peptit tac dung v o i H C l t h i c6 cac lien ket peptit va
n h o m H 2 N - (ciia amino axit dau N ) tham gia phan u n g -.moh 1 y i i i V i i : r ;
Theo bai, a m o l dipeptit mach h o X c6 ạl = a mol lien ket peptit ff\
2a mol tripeptit mach ha Y c6 2ạ2 = 4a m o l lien ket peptit Tong so mol nhom H 2 N - bang a + 2a = 3ạ
Cac phan ling riit gon ciia lien ket peptit va nhom H 2 N - la:
- C O - N H - + H C l + H2O > - C O O H + CI
Mol: 5a 5a 5a
H 2 N + H C l > C I H 3 N Mol: 3a 3a " • Theo bai: nuci = 5a + 3a = 8a = 0,4 - » a = 0,05 mol
-Bao toan khói lugng: mpepiit + mHci + m = m ^,, j ^
Trang 6Ca,-n naiig on luy?n tlii 6.)\c 18 chuyeii de H6a hpc - Nguyen Van H j i
To gom 2 loai: to thien nhien va to hoa hoc
a) To thien nhien gom: To tam, bong, len, day
b) To hoa hoc gom 2 loai: To tong hop va to ban tong hgp (to nhan tgo)
+ To nhan tao gom: To visco va to axetat '''^
+ To tong hop gom 3 loai: To poliamit (nilon-6,6; nilon-6; nilon-7; to capron);
to polieste (poli(etylen-terephtalat)); to nitron " - ^
Cao su gom 2 loai: Cao su thien nhien va cao su tong hop
Cao su thien nhien la poliisopren
[Cao su tong hop gom: Cao su buna; cao su buna-S (trung hop buta-l,3-dien
voi stiren); cao su buna-N (trung hop buta-l,3-dien voi acrilonitrin)
: C A C V i D V M A U
V i d u 1: Polime d u n g de che tao thuy tinh hiiu co (plexiglas) dugc dieu che
bang phan ung trung hop
A CH2=C(CH3)COOCH3 B CH2=CHCOOCH3 ti f>!:> J5 A, 1
C C6H5CH=CH2 D CH3COOCH=CH2 s!.i',i
Monome diing de che tao thuy tinh h i i u co la metyl metacrylat .c ,
—> Dap an A
V i 2: Trong so cac loai to sau: To tam, to visco, to nilon-6,6, to axetat, to
capron, to enang N h i i n g loai to nao thuQC to nhan tao ?
A To tam va to enang B To visco va to nilon-6,6
C To nilon-6,6 va to capron D To visco va to axetat
Lot gidi:
^ Hai loqii to nhan tao trong chuong trinh la to visco va to axetat Ca hai loai
B to nay deu co nguon goc t u xenlulozo -> Dap an D
V i d u 3: K h i tien hanh dong trung hop buta-l,3-dien va acrilonitrin thu duoc
mpt loai cao su b u n a - N chua 8,69% nito ve khoi lugng Ti le so mat xich
giiia buta-l,3-dien va acrilonitrin trong cao su la • ^ ^ i , :
A 1 : 1 , , B 1:2 C 2 : l D 3 : l
371
Trang 7Ill iiaiKj Oil iiiyfin tin hoc W ' iiiiygn d§ H6a hgc - Nonyuii Vln Hi\
Lai giai: y->A '
Cong thiic buta-l,3-dien: CH2=CH-CH=CH2 va acrilonitrin : CH2=CH-CN
Goi thanh phan cao su b u n a - N la (C4H6)k(C3H3N) C4k+3H6k+3N
^ M = ^ - ^ ^ = 1 6 1 ^ 12(4k + 3) + 6k + 3 + 14 = 161 " •
8,69
^ D a p a n C ^ '''v " " '
V i du 4: Khi luu hoa cao su thien nhien thu dugc mot loai cao su trong do luu
huynh chiem 2,3% ve khoi lugng Hoi trung binh mgt cau no'i - S - S - cong
vao bao nhieu mat xich isopren? i£.r j :, f4''").|.i)=;, }"f >n
A.20 ^ , , , , , ^ 1 , , B 1 0 , : c.3o:•; ^^^^^^.^^^^^^^^^
Cao su thien nhien la poli(isopren) , ,
Cong thuc isopren la: CH2=C(CH3)-CH=CH2 ^ „^:y^^^^ y,,, ^
Goi thanh phan cao su luu hoa la (C5H8)kS2 —> CskH8kS2 , ^.j ,^,,'51
^ M = ~ 1391 68k + 32 = 1391 ' /'^^'^ (''^«»*'* ^
V i dvi 5: Clo hoa P V C thu dugc mgt polime (to clorin) chua 63,96% clo ve khoi
lugng, trung binh mgt phan tu clo phan ung v6i k mat xich trong mach
P V C Gia tri cua k la , ,
A 5 B 6. i l l 10 C 4. D. 3
Lcrigidi: , ,>.'i ;,i.t M ' '
-Nhua P V C la poli (vinyl clorua)
Cong thuc vinyl clorua: CH2=CH-C1 Thanh phan ung voi k mat xich
Cty TNHH MTV IJV/VH Khang Vigt
i d u 6: Trong cac polime sau: (1) poli(metyl metacrylat); (2) polistiren; (3) nilon-7; (4) poli(etylen-terephtalat); (5) nilon-6,6; (6) poli(vinyl axetat), cac polime la san pham cua phan ung trung ngung la
B Triing ngung buta-l,3-dien voi acrilonitrin thu dugc cao su buna-N *
C Triing hgp stiren thu dugc poli(phenol-fomandehit)
D Poli(etylen - terephtalat) dugc dieu chebang phan ung trting ngung cac monome tuang ung
A sai vi to visco la to ban tong hgp (to nhan tao) ^ ' ^ ^ '
B sai vi cao su buna-N la san pham cua phan ung trung hgp Day la phuong
an gay nhieu cho hgc sinh L j ' t
C sai vi triing hgp stiren thu dugc polistiren • ^&>'^"-> ' - *' '
- > Dap an D ,„ , ' •«.,.-'•<,:;••*•'•O'-'' 1 ^"'>-ikA* •*/i-''-;;J-n> /V •
V i du 8: Cac cha't deu khong bi thiiy phan trong dung dich H2SO4 loang nong
la ,P,1,, , 1 , , , , : , , , , , ' - ' M i ^ ^ v V'V ' 1 ,
A To capron; nilon-6,6; polietilen f s r ; t M ' f i J '
B Poli(vinyl axetat); polietilen; cao su buna , ,
C Nilon-6,6; poli(etylen-terephtalat); polistiren ,^
D Polietilen; cao su buna; polistiren ' ' '
Lai gtat:
Cac polime bj thuy phan trong dung djch H2SO4 loang nong la cac polime thugc loai poliamit hoac polieste '"^ <
Loai A vi to capron va nilon-6,6 deu thugc loai poliamit nen bi thuy phan
Loai B vi poli(vinyl axetat) thugc loai polieste nen bi thiiy phan ' <
Loai C vi nilon-6,6 thugc loai poliamit; poli(etylen-terephtalat) thugc loai polieste nen deu bj thiiy phan v
- > D a p a n D : ,,u''H:h;r
/•••>;>'.•,,' 373
Trang 8dm nang On luyQn thi d^i hpc 18 chuyen <Si H6a hpc - Nguygn Van H^i
3 B A I T A P O N L U Y E N
Bai 1. Poli(vinyl axetat) la polime dugc dieu che'bang phan l i n g trung h g p
A C2HsCOO-CH=CH2 B CH2=CH-COO-C2H5
, C CH3COO-CH=CH2 •/ D CH2=CH-COOCH3
Bai 2 Nilon-6,6 la nriQt loai
A T o poliamit B T o visco C Polieste D T o axetat
Bai 3 Phan t u khoi cua m o t doan mach to nilon-6,6 la 27346 va ciia m o t doan
mach t o capron la 17176 So l u g n g m5t xich trong doan mach nilon-6,6 va
capron neu tren Ian lugt la
Cac chat X, Y, Z Ian l u g t la:
, ^ A Benzen; xiclohexan, amoniac ,^ ;,f ^;
B Axetandehit; ancol etylic; buta-l,3-dien
C Vinylaxetilen; buta-l,3-dien; stiren , ,
D Vinylaxetilen; buta-l,3-dien; acrilonitrin y '^^
Bai 8. Polime nao sau day dugc tong hgp bang phan u n g t r u n g n g u n g ?
A Poliacrilonitrin B Poli(metyl metacrylaf)
C Polostiren D Poli (etylen terephtalat)
•37/1
Cty iWiiH MTV DWH Khang Vigt
Bai 9: Poli(metyl metacrylat) va nilon-6 dugc tao thanh t u cac m c n o m e t u o n g ung la ''"t^ui hhiKfiyi ;,(=•• ?,'-<f.i :-'n':.V'<> '•
A CH2=CH-COOCH3 va H2N-[CH2]6-COOH ^ , „ :
B CH2=C(CH3)-COOCH3vaH2N-[CH2]6-COOH ,1! i , :
I C CH2-COO-CH=CH2 va H2N-[CH2]5-COOH n :/: < ? ;n - :
i D CH2=C(CH3)-COOCH3 va H2N-[CH2]3-COOH
^ a i 10. Day gom cac chat deu c6 kha nang tham gia phan u n g trung hgp la:
A stiren; clobenzen; isopren; but-l-en
B 1,2-diciopropan; vinylaxetilen; vinylbenzen; toluen ' / " ' • ! i
C buta-l,3-dien; cumen; etilen; frans-but-2-en > ' > H > i ( / i
D 1,1,2,2-tetrafloeten; propilen; stiren; v i n y l clorua , • ;
Bai 11. Cho cac chat hoac cac cap chat sau day:
(1) C H 3 - C H ( N H 2 ) - C O O H ; (ji^ mf>A({ r.i>.' d 'Vuu,4 n
(2) H2N-CH2-COOH; ' T V ' "
(4) H 2 N - ( C H 2 ) 5 - C O O H ; (5) H2N-(CH2)6-NH2 va H O O C - ( C H 2 ) 4 - C O O H
So t r u o n g h g p c6 kha nang tham gia phan u n g trung n g u n g tgo thanh polime la
Mot mat xich ciia to nilon-6,6: - H N - ( C H 2 ) 6 - N H - C O - ( C H 2 ) 4 - C O - c6 khoi
l u o n g la 226 so mat xich trong doan mach nilon-6,6 bang 27346/226 =
121
M o t mat xich cua t o capron: - H N - ( C H 2 ) 5 - C C ) - c6 khoi l u g n g la 113 so
mat xich trong doan mach to capron bang 17176/113 = 152
- > Dap an C , ,
375
Trang 9d m nang 6n luygn thi dgi hpc 18 chuySn H6a hqc - Nguyen Van Hi\
Bai 4 •.'•^
Nhan xet: D e lam bai tap nay, hoc sinh can nho each phan loai to ' ;
Bong, to tam thuoc loai to thien nhien
T o xenlulozo axetat thuoc loai to ban tong hop (to nhan tao) ;
T o capron, to nitron, nilon-6,6 thuoc loai to tong hop ) > i
—>• D a p an C ) i j ' „>, "i i ,
B a i 5 • ' • • • '
T o niIon-7 hay con goi la to enang la loai to duoc dieu che bang phan ung
trung ngung axit O) -aminoenantoic (axit 7-aminoheptanoic) ,
Lu'u y: Nilon-7 la to trong mot mat xich c6 7 nguyen tir cacbon i c '
- > D a p an A ^ i ' " n • i
Bai 6. , f ' t i ' ' i ' ' ' 1 i t 'M 1 I
Cao su buna-S la san pham cua phan ung trung hp'p buta-l,3-dien va stiren
Luu y: phuong an C la phuong an gay nhieu •
Nhan xet: D e lam duoc bai tap nay hoc sinh can nam duoc each thuc tong
hop cac polime
Cac polime: oliacrilonitrin, poli{metyl metacrylat), polostiren duoc dieu che
bang phan ung trung hop it* j * i
Poll (etylen terephtalat) duoc dieu che bang phan img trimg etylen glicol va
axit terephtalic " '
- > D a p r n D
Bai 9:
Nhqn xet: D e lam duoc bai tap nay hoc sinh can nam duoc each thuc tong
hop cac polime r
De de nho, hoc sinh can luu y rang: nilon-6 la to trong mot mat xich c6 6
Nhqn xet: C a c monome c6 kha nan^ lham gia phan u n g trimg hop can c6
lien ket C = C trong phan tu
Loai A vi clobenzen khong c6 phan ung trung hop t j ,,; , Loai B vi 1,2-diclopropan va tokien khong c6 phan ung Uun^' hop ,
; Loai C vi cumen khong c6 phan ung trung hop
— ^ D a p a n D ' ' ' - n * <
Luu I/: B va C la cac phuong an gay nhieu vi cac chat trong day deu c6 d u u i
en, hoc sinh de lam tuong chiing c6 lien ket C = C trong phan tu
a i l l
' Nhqn xet: D e lam duoc bai nay, cac em can nam duoc dieu kien de cac
' monome tham gia phan ung trung ngung la monome phai da chuc va giiia cac nhom chiic c6 kha nang tach nuoc
Tat ca 5 truong hop deu c6 kha nang tham gia phan ung trung ngung
Trang 10Cfiiii i:arig on luyen thi dai hoc 18 chuyeii (le H'ja hpc - Nguyjn VSn Hi\
, mi T H I T H l / DAI HOC
D E S O l •
Cau 1 Cho so do bien hoa sau '
(Dong phan cua Y) T ^ Br,(dd) Z C2H2 ^ ^ >Y
Ten cua cac chat Y va T Ian lugt la
A 1-brometan va 2-brometan
B 1,1- dibrometan va 1,2-dibrometan
C 1,2-dibrometan va 1,1-dibrometan
D 1-brometan va 1,2- dibrometan
C a u 2 Cho 2,30 gam hon hop gom A l , Fe va Z n tac d u n g v o i mot lugng vua
du d u n g dich H2SO410%, thu dugc 2,24 lit k h i H2 (a dktc) K h o i l u g n g dung
djch thu dugc sau phan u n g la
A 102,3 gam B 95,5 gam C 100,1 gam D 97,8 gam
C a u 3 Cho cac phan u n g sau:
C a u 4 Phan huy m o t l u g n g ozon trong b i n h k i n c6 d u n g tich 1 lit (khong doi),
sau 40 giay t h u dugc 0,06 m o l oxi Toe d g t r u n g b i n h cua phan u n g (tinh
theo ozon) trong 40 giay tren la
A 2,5.10^ mol/(l.s) B 7,5.10"^ mol/(l.s)
C 1,0.10-3 mol/(l.s) : ' ^ D 5,0.10"^ mol/(l.s)
C a u 5 Tien hanh cac thi nghi^m sau:
(1) N h o d u n g dich H C l vao d u n g dich KHCOa ; r K > V i H>;;\ i
(2) Sue khi clo vao dung djch KHCO3
(3) Sue khi O3 vao dung dich KI
(4) Nho dung djch K H C O 3 vao d u n g djch K H S O 4
378
So'thi nghi#m xay ra phan u n g va giai phong k h i la
A 2 B 4 C 1 0 3 iVr.f:'}-
Cau 6. Hoa tan hoan toan m gam hon hgp X gom A l va F e x O y vao mot l u g n g
vua d u 170ml HNO3 2 M , thu dugc 1,232 lit N O (san p h a m k h u d u y nhat, a
dktc) va d u n g djch Y chua hai m u o i cua hai k i m loai hoa t r i 3 Meu cho Y tac
d u n g v o i d u n g djch N a O H (du), nung ket tua sau phan u n g t o i khoi l u g n g khong d o i thu dugc 3,6 gam chat ran Gia trj cua m va cong thuc F c x O y la
A 4,83 va Fe304 B 4,95 va Fe203
C 4,95vaFeO D 5,25 va Fe304
C a u 7 D o t chay hoan toan m gam hon hgp X gom 3 ancol (dan chuc, dong dang), thu dugc 8,96 lit k h i CO2 (dktc) va 11,7 gam nuac M a t khac, neu d u n
nong m gam X v o i H2SO4 dac thi tong khoi l u g n g ete to'i da thu dugc la
A 7,85 gam B 7,40 gam C 6,50 gam D 5,60 gam
lau 8 Do't chay hoan toan 0,1 m o l chat h i i u co X mach ho can d u n g vua d u 11,2 l i t k h i oxi (dktc) Cong thuc cau tao cua X la ">'
A CH3-CH2-CO-CH3 ,, B CH2=CH-CH2-COOH
C.CH=C CH2-CHO D CH2=CH-CH2-CHO
!au 9. Cho cac phat bieu sau:
(1) K h i dien tich hat nhan tang, nhi^t d g nong chay ciia k i m loai kiem giam
(4) 6 dieu kien thuang, cac tinh the k i m loai k i e m d e u co cung m o t kieu
mang tinh the ' Trong car phat bieu tren, so phat bieu d i i n g la )
A 1 B.2 C.3 ^ D 4 ^S'^'f' •
C a u 10 Day gom cac polime co thanh phan phan tram cac nguyen to bang
n h a u l a : ' ,t;|B:.j;:i, & •
tswH /.-A to capron, nilon-6, to nitron §,.f aji) ,
B poll etilen, poll propen, poll but-2-en ^•»-* I ' l -jiusi'
C to enang, to capron, nilon-6,6 : • i •<•'>• 1 i - =
m D poll etilen, cao su thien nhien, cao su buna '
, 379
Trang 11C^m nang 6n luy^n thi d^i hpc 18 chuy§n d§ H6a hgc ^iiiuvcii van Hii
Cau 1 1 Dot chay hoan toan 14,12 gam ba axit beo: stearic, oleic va linoleic, sau
phan ung thu duoc 20,16 lit C O 2 (dktc) va m gam H2O Gia trj ciia m la
A 14,12 ,r , jv B 16,52 C 15,48 , D 17,12
Cau 12. Hon hgp M gom hai hgp chat huu co X va Y mach ho, deu c6 cong
thuc phan tu la C4H9CI, Khi thuc hien phan ung tach HCl trong dieu kien
thich hgp chi thu dugc duy nhat mot anken X, Y co ten ggi la
A l-clo-2-metylpropan va 2-clo-2-metylpropan ^ , ,.,
B 1-clobutan va 2-clobutan
C l-clo-2-metylpropan va 2-clobutan ' f > / I f i v " ,
D l-clobutan va 2-clo-2-metylpropan , ;Tu:i<*:jTr.'n6Gi, n e o f i ;(jiih i o G
Cau 13 Cho cac phat bieu nao sau: i '> - o o v ; * h
(1) Kim loai xesi thuong dugc dung lam te bao quang dien
(2) Hgp kim Na - K dung lam chat trao doi nhiet trong mot so' 16 phan ling
hatnhan
(3) Kim loai kiem thuong dung de che tao hgp kim dung trong k l thuat
hang khong .rH j ^) ) -u J-'H
(4) Kim loai Na dung de san xuat muo'i an cong nghiep j j ) ^ t ,
Trong cac phat bieu tren, so phat bieu dung la /rjj'i ( n l n f j a d ,
A 1 B 4 C.2 D.3
Cau 14. Axit cacboxylic X co cong thuc don gian nhat la C3H3O2. Khi cho 100ml
dung djch axit X nong do 0,1M phan ung het vai dung djch NaHCOs, thu
dugc Vml khi CO2 (dktc) Gia trj cua V la:
A 448 B 224 C 560 D 336
Cau 15 Dung djch X chua AlCb y M va Al2(S04 )3 zM Lay 400 ml dung djch X
t tac dung voi 300ml dung dich NaOH 2,04M, sau phan ung thu dugc 8,424
gam ke't tiia Mat khac neu cho 400ml dung djch X tac dung voi dung dich
BaCh (du), thi thu dugc 33,552 gam ket tua Ti so y : z la
A 0,50 B.0,73» ; C.2,00 D 1,75
Cau 16 Sue 3,136 lit khi CO2 (dktc) vao 500ml dung dich NaOH 0,32M Sau
phan ung thu dugc dung dich X Cho 250ml dung dich Y gom BaCh 0,32M
va Ba(OH)2 y M vao dung djch X, sau phan ling thu dugc 7,88 gam ke't tua
va dung djch Z Gia trj cua y la rf i i o q ,ft^.qoiq ,<j
A 0,03 B.0,08 - C.0,05 D 0,04 |
Cty TNI Hi iVlTV DVVH KhangVift
au 17 Cho hon hgp bot gom x mol Al va 0,1 mol Zn tac dung voi 500ml dung dich FeCla 0,32 M , sau phan ung thu dugc 11,56 gam hon hgp 2 kim loai va dung dich Y Gia tri ciia x la •.'^•••f •'•••••'•A ••'•'^''i i^-'^'^
A 0,14 B 0,06 C 0,12 ^{qX'rf D 0,10
au 18. Co mot so nhan dinh ve cacbohidrat:
(1) Glucozo va saccarozo deu, la chat ran, co vj nggt va de tan trong nuoc
(2) Glucozo va saccarozo hoa tan Cu(OH)2 tao thanh dung dich mau xanh
lam ' •'• IV':,'f- 1 \
(3) Glucozo va saccarozo deu khu dugc AgNOs/NHs khi dun nong
(4) Glucozo va saccarozo bi thuy phan cho san pham co phan ung trang
g U O n g :f'IM!UA(V :$^#tj)t)'<:*3 •'t{A'fM''t !ii
(5) Glucozo va fructozo deu tac dung voi hidro (xuc tac Ni, t°) tao ra sorbitol (6) Xenlulozo va tinh bot deu la polisaccarit ; t, ^ \ Nhi>ng nhan djnh dung la :) , ,
A (1), (3), (5), (6) B (1), (2), (5), (6)
C (1), (2), (4), (5) D (1), (2), (3), (6)
lau 19 Cho 1,770 gam hon hgp X gom 2 andehit don chuc phan ung hoan
toan voi dung dich AgNOa trong NH3 (du), sau phan ling thu dugc 0,195
mol Ag va dung djch Y Toan bo Y tac dung v6i axit HCl (du), thu dugc
0,045 mol CO2 Cac andehit trong hon hgp X la
au 21 Cho 1,344 lit khi CI2 (dktc) di qua 250ml dung dich KOH a mol/1 6
80"C Sau khi phan lirig hoan toan, thu dugc 3,725 gam KCl Gia tri cua a la
A 0,24 B 0,48 C 0,40 D 0,20 '
au 22 De tach rieng NH3 ra khoi hSn hgp khi X gom N2, H2, NHs trong cong
nghiep, nguoi ta da tien hanh bien phap nao duoi day?
Trang 12Cam naiKj on luyen lln dai hoc 18 chiiyfin de Hoa hQC - Nguyin VSn H5i
A Nen va lam lanh hon hgp khi X de hoa long NHs ; j
B Thoi tu tu hon hop khf X vao dung dich H2SO4 dac - 1 ( > ,,
C Thoi tir tir hon h o p k h i X vao bot CuO nung nong , > ,,; ,
D Thoi tix tit hon hop k h i X vao nuoc voi trong d u
Cau 23 De san xuat 1 tan xa phong chua 72% khoi lugng natri stearat, can bao
nhieu kg chat beo chua 89% khoi luong tristearin (con 11% tap chat tro)?
A 874,3 kg B 784,3 kg C 774,3 kg D 698,0 kg
Cau 24 Hai day cac chat sau:
Day X: H2NCH2CC)OH, CH3NH2, C6H5NH2 (anilin), CH3COOCH3
, Day Y: D u n g dich H C l , d u n g dich K O H , nuoc Br2, CH3OH (xiic tac)
Cho Ian iuot cac chat thupc day X tac dung voi cac chat 6 day Y So phuong
' trinh phan ling xay ra la jiujui
A 7 , B 9 C.8 D 6 ,
Cau 25 Che 0,26 gam axetilen tac dung v o i H C l (du) xuc tac thich hgp, thu
dugc dan xuat halogen X Thuy phan hoan toan X trong moi truong KOH,
dun nong, sau phan u n g thu dugc chat hihi co Y va dung djch Z Axit hoa
dung djch Z bang axit HNO3 va cho tac dung v o i d u n g djch AgN03 (du),
' thu dugc 2,87 gam ke't tiia trang Khoi lugng chat hiru co Y thu dugc la
A 0,46 gam B 0,44 gam C 0,88 gam D 0,92 gam
Cau 26 D u n g dich X chua 0,015 mol Fe-^ x m o l Al''*, 0,025 m o l SO42- va y mol
C h Cho 710ml d u n g djch Ba(OH)2 0 , l M vao dung djch X, sau phan u n g thu
dugc 9,224 gam ket tua Gia trj cua x va y Ian lugt la
A 0,030 va 0,045 B 0,050 va 0,045
C 0,030 va 0,085 D 0,050 va 0,085
Cau 27 Co 4 Ig hoa chat chua 4 dung djch rieng biet mat nhan: BaCh, Na2C03,
H2SO4, Na2S04 Danh so ngau nhien (1), (2), (3), (4) Ket qua th; nghiem: (1)
tac d u n g v o i (2) co ket tua; (2) tac dung v o i (3) co ket tiia; (2) tac dung v6i
(4) C O ket tua; (1) tac d u n g v o i (3) co siii bgt D u n g dich BaCh va Na2S04
theo t h u tu" d u n g trong Ig dugc danh so la
A (2), (4) B (2), (3) C (2), (1) D (4) (2)
Cau 28 Phat bieu nao sau day sai?
A Protein don gian khi thuy phan chi thu dugc hon hgp cac a-amino axit
B M o t so protein tan trong nuoc tao thanh d u n g djch keo va h\g t u kh'
d u n nong
• t : ,
382
Cty TNHI-I MFV OWH Khang Vi$t
C Tat ca cac peptit deu tac dung v o i Cu(OH)2 trong m o i truong kiem cho
hgp c h a t m a u t i m ^ !j ftm>q n'.it
, • D Cac peptit khong ben trong moi truong axit hoac bazo
2iu 29 H o n hgp X g o m propen va H2 co t i khoi so v o i H2 bang 13,0 N u n g
nong X (co N i xiic tac), thu dugc hon hgp Y Sue Y vao nuoc brom (du),
thay C O 14,4 gam brom phan ung Neu do't chay het Y roi hap t h u toan bg san pham chay vao d u n g djch Ca(OH)2 (du), thi thay khqi lugng d u n g djch
giam 15,3 gam so v o i ban dau H i ^ u suat ciia phan u n g cgng hidro ciia propen la ' ' S V ; , > c ' , ' J ' H J I « ' i v r ? ? f ! ) ";;i„ „
A 50,00% irA B 33,33% C 60,00% D 40,00%
Cau 30 D o t chay hoan toan 2,6 gam hon hgp X gom etyl axetat, v i n y l axetat va
metyl acrylat, t h u dugc 2,688 l i t CO2 (dktc) va mot lugng nuoc N e u thuy
phan hoan toan 2,6 gam X thi can bao nhieu m l dung djch K O H 0,15M?
C O can d u n g dich sau phan ung, ngung tu, t h u dugc 93,4 gam chat long va 15,4 gam chat ran khan Cong thuc ciia X la ;,,, > ,<
A C2H.COOCH3 B CH3COOC2H5 oaftttio,
C CH3COOC3H7 D C2H5COOC2H5
au 33 Hoa tan hoan toan 2,68 gam hon hgp X g o m Cu va A g vao axit HNO3
loang, t h u dugc d u n g dich Y va 448ml k h i N O (san pham k h u d u y nhat, 6 dktc) Cho 1,6 gam bgt Cu vao dung djch Y, sau khi phan u n g xay ra hoan toan thi t h u dugc 224ml k h i N O (san pham k h u d u y nhat, 6 dktc), m gam chat ran va dung dich Z Gia tri ciia m la
A 1,94 B 2,16 C 1,40 D 2,36 - =
au 34 H o a tan hoan toan 2,42 gam hai m u o i cacbonat cua k i m loai kiem va
k i m loai kiem tho vao d u n g dich H C l d u , thu dugc d u n g djch X va 0,448 lit
khi (o dktc) Co c^n X dugc m gam muoi khan Gia tri ciia m la s ,
A 2,20 B.2,64 C 2,30 D 2,34
383
Trang 13Cam iiaiHi o'l luyfiii Itii (iai lioc; 18 cliiiyeii ciS iliia lioc Mguy§n VSn HJi
Cau 35 Cho rnxac clo (loang, vua du) vac dung dich X chiia KF, K C l , KBr Saq
khi phan u n g xay ra hoan toan thu duoc durr,; djch Y chiia hon hop cac
muo'i, CO kho'i lirong bang 88,875% khoi lugng muoi chua trong X Thanh
I phan phan tram khoi lugng KBr c6 trong X la
A 25,750% B 29,750% €.11,125% D 11,588%
Cau 36 Glucozo c6 tinh k h u k h i tac d u n g voi tat ca cac chat trong day nao?
, A N u a c brom, H2 (Ni,t") .^plgjjy::{i B Nuoc brom, AgN03/NH3
, C H2(Ni, t°), AgN03/NH3 „,^if D CH3OH/HCI, AgN03/NH3
Cau 37 Cho cac phat bieu sau ve cac nguyen t u ]l X, H Y, fj Z? «
n-(1) X, Y thuoc cung mgt nguyen to hoa hpc • ><* 'I :fVii ^^^M^:'
f (2) X, Z la 2 dong v i cua ciing m o t nguyen to'hoa hoc ' I fMOiff^^i '
(3) X va Z CO Cling so kho'i. \M^tji, -o'.,- (* jr^t^n urft ,,|Blt'«-»
(4) X va Y CO cung so natron S r s V B X m f Off s
Trong cac phat bieu tren, so phat bieu d u n g la
A 3 B.2 C 1 D 4
Cau 38 Chat hiru co X mach ho, chiia C, H , O D o t chay hoan toan 6,8 gam X
thu dugc 17,6 gam CO2 va 3,6 gam H2O M a t khac, neu lay 0,2 m o l X tac
d u n g v o l d u n g dich AgNOs 2 M trong NH3, d u n nong t h i d u n g vira het
300ml Cong thiic cau tao cua X la r I* 8
A H C = C - C H O B H C = C - C H 2 - C H O
C CH3-C=C-CHO D H C = C - C H 2 - C = C H
Cau 39 Chat X mach ho, dieu kien thuong 6 the ran, co cong thuc phan tii
C3H7O2N. Chat X tac d u n g dugc v o i axit H C l va v o i d u n g dich kiem Co
bao nhieu chat phii hgp v o i X? , , , , ; , , " - - - i
A 3 B.4 C.5 D 2
Cau 40 Cho cac chat sau: (1) mocphin; (2) cafein; (3) nicotin; (4) cocain; (5)
vacxin; (6) protein; (7) heroin So chat co kha nang gay ki'ch thich, lam te liet
day than kinh va co kha nang gay nghien la
A 3 B.5 C.6 D 4
Cau 41 Phat bieU nao sau day dung? v f <,(f,j { r , ( i | ; / / i^l^
A Cac h g p chat ion dan dien tot 0 m g i trang thai vat li '
B Cac chat co lien ket cgng hoa t r i , khong tan trong nuac, tan nhieu trong
i! bt' d u n g m o i h i j u co
C Cac h g p chat ion thuong co nhiet do nong chay, nhiet do soi thap
D O trang thai nong chay, cac h g p chat ion co kha nang d a n dien
^ a u 43 H 6 n h g p bgt X g o m A l , Z n D o t chay hoan toan m gam X trong oxi
(du), t h u dugc 18,3 gam hon h g p AI2O3 va ZnO M a t khac, neu cho 0,15 mol
X phan u n g v o i m o t lugng d u d u n g dich K O H loang nong, t h i t h u dugc
4,48 lit k h i H2(dktc) Gia trj c i i a m la '^'i m?• [ : '
^ A 11,90 B 18,84 C 9 , 7 5 D 7,85 '
Cau 44 Do't chay hoan toan m o t ancol X mach ho (chi chiia chuc - O H ) , sau
phan u n g thu dugc the tich khi CO2 bang 3/4 the tich h o i nuoc (a ciing dieu
kien) So chat thoa man v o i tinh chat ciia X la _ ,
A 5 B 3 C.2 " ' D 4 ? S |
Cau 45 Cho cac phan u n g xay ra a dieu kien thuong:
(1) Sue k h i CI2 vao d u n g djch K O H (2) Sue SO2 vao d u n g djch brom
I (3) Cho SO2 tac d u n g v o i Ca(OH)2
(5) Sue H2S vao d u n g dich FeCb
Cac phan u n g oxi hoa k h u la
Cau 46 Cho m gam hon h g p L i , Na, K vao nuoc (du), t h u dugc 0,448 lit k h i H2
(dktc) va d u n g djch X chua 1,62 gam chat tan Gia t r i ciia m la: si «»i
A 1,26 B 1,28 C 1,62 D 0,94
Cau 47 Phat bieu nao sau day diing? ^
A M g i h g p chat co chua vong tham va n h o m O H deu dugc ggi la phenol
B Phenol tac d u n g dugc v o i d u n g djch K O H va d u n g dich KHCO3
C Cac chat co cong thuc phan t u CsHsO phan u n g v o i C u O n u n g nong, deu thu dugc an debit
D Pheno! long tac d y n g v o i anhidrit axetic thi thu dugc phenyl axetat
Cau 48 D o t chay hoan toan 20,6 gam 1 aminoaxit X mach ha, co nguon goc
trong thien nhien va chua mot nguyen t u nito trong phan t u can d i m g 23,52 lit k h i oxi Sau phan u n g t h u dugc 16,2 gam nuoc va 20,16 lit h o n h g p gom
IN2 va CO2 (biet cac the tich deu do 6 dktc) Ten ggi ciia X la ••fifir;) ;:
A axit 4-aminobutanoic B axit 2-aminopropanoic
C axit 2-aminobutanoic D axit 2-amino-3-metylbutanoic
385
Trang 14tua: fjquyln VSn Hii
Cau 49 Tron 0,30 mol H2 voi 0,3 mol brom dun nong voi xiic tac, sau mpt thoj
, gian thu dvtgc hon hop san pham Y, hoa tan Y vao 287,85 gam nude thu
dugc dung dich Z, lay 100 gam dung dich Z tac dung voi dung dich AgNO,
(du), sau phan ling thu dugc 9,4 gam ket tiia Hieu suat ciia phan ung to'ng
' h g p H B r l a
A.60% / B.30% C.50% < ; D 40%
Cau 50 Cho 5,2 gam bot Z n vao dung dich chua 0,06 mol FeCh va 0,02 mo]
C u C h Sau khi phan ling ket thiic thu dugc chat ran X va dung dich Y. Co
; can dung d}ch Y thu dugc bao nhieu gam chat ran khan? fit"
^, A 10,88 gam B 12,36 gam C 14,69 gam D 11,96 gam
Z la CH2=CH2 nen T la CH2Br-CH2Br Theo so do, X la CH3-CH3, Y la dong
phan cvia T nen Y la CHBr2-CH3 ;;, >,,) *•
Loai A vi khi cho Z + Br2 (dung dich) se tao ra T la dan xuat dibrom
Loai C vi khi X (CH3-CH3) dugc the 2 H bang 2Br thi se u u tien the tai ciing
mgt vi tri cacbon
Loai D vi Y va T la dong phan, nen cung so lugng nguyen tu brom
Cau 2 Chgn C
So mol H2 = 0,1 ^ So mol H2SO4 = 0,1
f - > Khoi lugng dung dich H2S04 = 0,1.98.100/10 = 98gam
Khoi lugng dung dich sau phan ung = 98 + 2,3 - 0,1.2 = 100,1 gam
Cau 3 C h g n B - ^'un-m65 i"::?-' • <ii;ii0v!j;:,
(2) H C ^ C H + H2O 80"C •> CH3CHO
386
Cty TNHH MTV DVVH Khang Vi?t
(3) CH3COOCH=CH2 + N a O H — - — > CH3COOH + CH3CHO
(5) CH3CHCI2 + 2NaOH CH3CHO + 2NaCl + H2O ' , '
Cau 4 Chgn C ' f,j„
Theo phan ung: 2O3 ^ > 3O2 Sau 40 giay, so mol O3 bi phan huy la 0,04
mol Vay nong do oxi giam sau 40 giay la 0,04 mol/1 Vay toe dg phan ung trung binh tinh theo ozon la 0,04/40 = 1,0.10-^ mol/(l.s)
(1) H C l + KHCO3 > K C l + CO2 + H2O m K i g '(BfiX'
-' -' " V i - n i •-'"ir;"-'!.-' r r p
(2) Cl2 + H2O ^ > H C l + H C I O
H C l + KHCO3 > K C l + CO2 + H2O
(4) K H C 0 3 + KHSO4 > K2SO4 + CO2 + H2O Hiiiih
Gpi so mol trong Y: A1 (N03)3 = a; Fe(N03)3 = b ; 1' u ,
Bao toan nguyen to N ta c6: 3(a+b) + 0,055 = 0,34
Cho Y + N a O H du, thu dugc ket tiia Fe(OH)3, Al(OH)3 luong tinh, tan trong
N a O H du Vay 3,6 gam cha't ran la Fe203, suy ra b = 0,045; a = 0,05
Khi X + H N O 3 : so mol electron do A l nhuong (-0,05x3) + so'mol electron do
m.mcoi = mete+ mniroc —> 10,1 = mete + 0,25.18 - > mete = 5,60 gam