HOW TO WRITE A SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH? LÀM THẾ NÀO VIẾT ĐƯỢC 1 BÁO CÁO KHOA HỌC

Recommendations about Additions of theory. Recommendation about application of the results. Recommendations for further research guide General evaluation of the results obtained. Affirm the strengths, weaknesses of the arguments and methods; Since then, the affirm or negative confirmed correctness of arguments. Acknowledge the contribution of theory. Predicted results apply

COLLEGE COMPOSITION

PROF.,DR NGUYEN PHAN THIET

VIETNAM FORESTRY UNIVERSITY

3.3 SCIENTIFIC REPORT

A SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE

1 Module 1 Introduction

2 Module 2 Research History

3 Module 3 Research Objectives

4 Module 4 Scientific issues and the Author's

Thesis

5 Module 5 Research methods and arguments

to prove thesis

6 Module 6 Research results Analysis

7 Module 7 Conclusions & Recommendations

1.1.Module 1: Introduction

• Reasons of Research

• Theoretical and practical significance of the study

• Who benefits from the research results

1.2 Module 2: Research History (Who did?)

• Brief Description of study Process; Achievements and Authors

• Strengths and weaknesses of Previous Researches

• Conclusions about the content to be solved

1.3 Module 3: Research Objectives (What will I do?)

• The long-term work plan

• The immediate work to be done

• Illustrating on the target tree

1.4.Module 4: Issues of research and the author's thesis

(What’s my thesis?)

• Issues (questions) that exist in the research and issues the author

mentioned in the study

• Arguments of various authors and the arguments of the author of the article itself.

1.5 Module 5: Methods and Arguments to prove the thesis

• Theoretical basis (theoretical arguments) and the method used.

• The practical arguments and methods used: observation, interviews, surveys, experiments or tests.

1.6 Module 6: Analysis of results

• The difference between the actual and the assumptions set out in the observations/experiments.

• The accuracy of the measurement and the bias of the observation

• The limitations of the information gathering process and the ability to pass

1.7 Module 7: Conclusions and recommendations

• CONCLUSIONS

 General evaluation of the results obtained.

 Affirm the strengths, weaknesses of the arguments and methods; Since then, the affirm or negative confirmed correctness of arguments.

 Acknowledge the contribution of theory.

 Predicted results apply

• RECOMMENDATIONS

• Recommendations about Additions of theory.

• Recommendation about application of the results.

• Recommendations for further research guide.

 Train of scientific research methods and skills

 Demonstrating the results of a study phase

 Protection in front of the thesis committee

• Thus: Scientific Thesis is a scientific research Work or a

scientific research Probationary, recorded a mark of the author’s strives

© TYPES OF THESIS

ending training program at the University to obtain a

bachelor's degree

systematic study of graduate students to gain master’s

degree

systematically a science topic of PhD Candidate to protect for gaining PhD’s degree

© ESTABLISHING A RESEARCH OUTLINE OF THE THESIS

 TYPE 1

1-Part 1, Thought of the study , including the following contents:

• Reasons to choose the thesis (why I choose this topic?)

• History of the research (Who did what in this area?)

• Objectives (ie, tasks) research (Will do?)

• Object (where would I do?, What a social community will I do?)

• Scope of the study (Area to do?)

• Scientific issues (questions should be answered in the study?)

• Hypothesis (What is my basic argument?)

2- Part 2, outline of the thesis, includes the following chapters:

3 Chapters 2, 3, 4

• Introduction to proving part by methods of

practical observation, expert interviews, scientific conferences and experiment

• This chapter can be divided into some chapters depending on practical research activities.

4 Conclusions and recommendations

 Appendices

 Be brief and to the point

 Start broad scope of research, then become more specific

 End with aims/objectives of the study

• MATERIALS AND METHODS

• Be systematic and precise, so

that others can exactly copy your

 Include information on type

of equipment, chemicals etc.

 Correct chemical names, species names (in Latin

 and in italics), use SI system

• RESULTS

 Comprehensive and

coherent on its own

 Do not present literature

 Indicate what the results

 Not too much information at one time

 Graphs are preferred above tables

 Include appropriate statistical parameters

 Detailed tables of all data Appendices

• DISCUSSION

 Preferably separate from

results

 Critically discuss your

own results, also in

relation with existing

literature

 Most difficult part

 Not necessarily follow the order of the results; choose your own logic

 Refer to tables and figures in results, but do not repeat the Results section

 Dare to discuss your own idea

 For further studies

 For advise to externals

(e.g politicians)

• REFERENCES

 Use Harvard style:

 In text: surnames + year

• Length is not related to quality.

• Start to make framework first

with “working title” and table of contents

• Use your spell check Your

mentor will not do the English corrections

• What to do with comments of

supervisors?

• WHERE TO START?

3.4 FORM AND STRUCTURE OF THESIS

 The reason and context of thesis

 Theoretical and practical Meaning of The topic

 Achievements and problems

 The next scheduled work

• Overview

 General introduction to the research Topic

 Overview of research history and the selection of research Topic

 A brief about research Implimentations

• Theoretical Basics and Research Methods

 Theoretical basis used, including the inherited theoretical basis and basis of self-build theory

 Describing the research methods that were implemented

• Content and outcomes research (can present in a number

of programs)

 Hypothesis and methods for proving hypothesis

 The results on theoritical and practical sides

 Analysis of results and addressing unresolved issues.

• Conclusion and recommendation

• Reference

• Appendix