Diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra trong lúc nói now, at the moment, at this time, at present….. Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ và kéo dài đến hiện tại never, ever, not…yet, s
Trang 2THE 1ST TERM CONSOLIDATION GRADE 11
A VOCABULARY :
I Words related to the following topics :
- Friendship; Party ; Volunteer work ; Competitions ; World population; Celebration
II Word form
B WRITING :
I Mistake correction
II Choose the sentence that has the same meaning with the original one
C GRAMMAR :
I Bare infinitive - To infinitive
1 Bare Infinitive:
Eg: - My parents let me go to Nha Trang this holiday
- I can swim and sunbathe on the sand
a S + let, make, help + O + Vo…
b S + modal verbs + Vo…
c Sau các động từ chỉ tri giác
Eg : I saw him go out last night
d Sau cấu trúc
- S + had better + V(0 to)
- S + would rather + V(0 to)
2 To infinitive
Những động từ theo sau bởi to infinitive :
a Subject + verb + to infinitive
decide : quyết định , hope : hy vọng , learn : học , mean : có ý định , plan : có kế hoạch , promise : hứa want : muốn , swear : thề , agree : đồng ý , refuse : từ chối , propose : đề nghị , attemp : cố gắng
fail : thất bại , arrange : thu xếp , pretend : giả vờ
Eg : -He decided to put off their journey because of the bad weather
- The police refused to provide the information for the jounalists
b Subject + verb + object + to infinitive
advise: khuyên ,tell: bảo, kể, permit: cho phép, remind: nhắc nhở, allow: cho phép, ask: yêu cầu , forbid: cấm,
urge: thúc giục, recommend: đề nghị, order: ra lệnh, encourage: khuyến khích, warn: cảnh báo, invite: mời,beg:
cầu xin, oblige: ép buộc, challenge: thách thức, persuade: thuyết phục, entreat: van nài , teach: dạy, promise:
hứa
Eg: - I teach my little daughter to learn English
- Our teacher often encourages us to speak English
II Tense revision
1 The Present Simple Tense
1 FormS + V1(s/es)…
2 Use
a Diễn tả một hành động hoặc một thói quen ở hiện tại (always, usually, often, sometimes, occasionally, seldom, rarely, every…….)
Eg: I usually go to school in the afternoon
b Diễn tả một chân lí, một sự thật lúc nào cũng đúng
Eg: The earth moves around the sun
3 Đối với ngôi thứ ba số ít: He, She, It
a.Thêm “S” vào sau động từ thường
Eg: Lan often gets up early in the morning
b.Thêm “ES” vào sau các động từ tận cùng là: ch, sh, s, x, o, z
Eg: He watches a lot of TV on Sundays
2 The Present Progressive Tense
1 FormS + am/is/are + V-ing…
Trang 32 Use
a Diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra trong lúc nói (now, at the moment, at this time, at present….) Eg: - I am looking for the latest newspaper now
- They are watching a sport game show at the moment
b Diễn tả một hành động tương lai có sự sắp đặt trước
Eg : I have to go home early this afternoon because I’m visiting my grandparents this evening
c Diễn đạt một sự đột biến
Eg : He usually goes to bed early but this night he is going to bed late
d Diễn đạt một sự việc có tính chất tạm thời
Eg : We are staying in my uncle’s house because our house has been repainted
3 Note: Một số động từ không dùng ở thì Present Progressive, mà chỉ dùng ở thì Present Simple: to be, to want,
to need, to have (có), to know, to understand, to seem …
Eg: - We are tenth-grade students now
- I understand the lesson at the moment
3 The Present Perfect Tense
1 FormS + has/have +V3/ed…
2 Use :
a Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ và kéo dài đến hiện tại (never, ever, not…yet, since, for,
so far,
until now, up to now, since then …….)
Eg: We have learnt English for 5 years
b Diễn tả một hành động vừa mới xảy ra (just, recently, lately)
Eg: She has just gone out
c Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ không xác định rõ thời gian (already, before)
Eg: Have you seen this movie before?
3 Notes:
a This is the …… time + S + has/have + V3/ed…
Eg: This is the first time I have studied in this school
b S + has/have +V3/ed…… since + S + V2/ed…
Eg: We have known each other since we worked in that factory
4 The Past Simple Tense
1 FormS + V2/ed…
2 Use
a Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ xác định rõ thời gian (yesterday, ago, last……, in the past, in
1990)
Eg: - My father bought this house 10 years ago
- Mr Nam worked here in 1999
b Diễn tả một loạt các hành động xảy ra liên tiếp trong quá khứ
Eg: - Last night, I had dinner, did my homework, watched TV and went to bed
- When she came here in 1990, she worked as a teacher
5 The Past Progessive Tense
1 FormS + was/were + V-ing
2 Use
a Diễn ta một hành động xảy ra vào một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ
Eg: She was studying her lesson at 7 oclock last night
b Diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra ở quá khứ (was/ were + V-ing) thì có một hành động khác xen vào (V2/ed)
Eg: - He was sleeping when I came
- While my mother was cooking dinner, the phone rang
c Diễn tả hai hành động đang xảy ra song song cùng lúc trong quá khứ
Eg: While I was doing my homework, my younger brother was playing video games
6 The Past Perfect Tense
1 FormS + had + V3/ed…
2
Trang 42 Use
a Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trước một thời điểm trong quá khứ
Eg: By the end of last month, she had made 4 shirts
b Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra và hoàn thành trước một hành động khác trong quá khứ (before, after,
by the
time) Hành động xảy ra trước dùng thì Past Perfect, hành động xảy ra sau dùng thì Past Simple
Eg: - After Nam had done his homework, he went to bed
- They had lived in Dong Thap before they moved to HCM city
III Infinitive and gerund
1 Những động từ theo sau bởi Gerund :
- acknowledge :công nhận , thừa nhận- continue : tiếp tục
- finish : hoàn thành- intend :dự định
- neglect :xao lãng- avoid :tránh
- deny :từ chối- detest ghét
- enjoy : thích thú- keep : tiếp tục
- love: yêu thương- object to :phản đối
- to be used to = to be accustomed to :quen thuộc với- to be opposed to :chống đối với
- look foward to :trông mong , ngóng đợi- keep on : tiếp tục
- consider :cứu xét , xem xét- give up :từ bỏ
- miss : bỏ lỡ- imagine :hình dung , tưởng tượng
- admit:công nhận- practise :luyện tập , thực hành
- quit :từ bỏ- resist :chống lại , cưỡng lại
- suggest :đề nghị- delay :trì hoãn
- put off :dời lại , trì hoãn- propose :đề nghị
- risk :liều lĩnh- would you mind , mind :phiền lòng
- can’t stand , can’t bear :không chịu đựng nổi - to be worth :đáng được
- to be busy :bận rộn- mention : đề cập đến
- to have difficulty , to have a hard time :gặp khó khăn trong vấn đề làm một việc gì
- can’t help :không nhịn được , không nín được
- it’s no use, there’s no point in: vô dụng
2 Những động từ theo sau bởi gerund hoặc to infinitive :
start , begin , stop , remember , forget , regret , hate , prefer , like , mean , try , need , advise , permit , forbid ,
allow , recommend
IV Passive infinitive and passive gerund
1 Passive infinitive : S + V + to be + P.P
Eg: I want to be picked up by my father
2.Passive gerund : S + V + being + P.P
Eg : She enjoyed being taken to the zoo
V.Gerund and present participle
Gerund (V-ing) and Present Participle (V-ing)
1 Gerund
a Làm chủ từ:
Eg: Smoking is harmful to uor health
b Làm túc từ:
Eg: Most boys enjoy playing football
c Sau giới từ:
Eg: My father is fond of reading newspapers
d Làm tân ngữ cho động từ
Eg: Lan practises speaking English everyday
e Sau các thành ngữ
- can’t help, can’t stand/can’t bear, it’s no use(good) = there’s no point in , to be worth , to be busy (with), have
difficulty/ have trouble
2 Present Participle
Trang 5a Trong các thì Hiện tại tiếp diễn hoặc Quá khứ tiếp diễn
Eg: He is reading books in the library at the moment
b Sau các động từ chỉ tri giác: see, watch, hear, catch, find, smell, notice,
Eg: They watch the birds flying in the sky
c Trong các trường hợp rút gọn mệnh đề thành nhóm từ
Eg: -The girl standing (who is standing) behind the counter looks very lovely
- Staying (She stayed) in the bed, she was thinking of her childhood
- They went to Noi Bai airport, picking up (they picked up) their relative
d Sau động từ go : go swimming , go hunting , go fishing…
e Trong cấu trúc : S + spend / waste + time / money + V+ing
VI Perfect Gerund and Perfect Participle (having + V3/ed)
Nhấn mạnh hành động đã xảy ra và hoàn thành
Eg: - She apologized for not having finished the project
- Having found a hotel, they looked for somewhere to have dinner
VII Reported speech with gerund
Eg: a “Let’s spend the day at the beach.” said Mary
Mary suggested spending the day at the beach
b “I’ll pay for the meal.” said Tom
Tom insisted on paying the meal
c “It was nice of you to help me.” Minh said to Lan
Minh thanked Lan for helping him
* Khi đổi câu sang câu tường thuật với danh động từ
Đổi động từ giới thiệu sang: “suggested, proposed, requested, denied, admitted, insisted on, apologized
for, thanked for , congratulated on ”
Thêm V-ing vào sau động từ chính
Đổi ngôi:
- Đổi ngôi thứ NHẤT phù hợp với CHỦ TỪ trong mệnh đề chính
- Đổi ngôi thứ HAI phù hợp với TÚC TỪ trong mệnh đề chính
- Ngôi thứ BA không đổi
Đổi trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn: (Xem I 4)
Những cấu trúc cần nhớ :
a to prevent S.O from doing S.TH : ngăn cản ai làm gì
b to accuse S.O of doing S.TH: buộc tội ai làm gì
c to blame S.O for doing S.TH: đỗ lỗi cho ai làm gì
d to congratulate S.O on doing S.TH: chúc mừng ai làm gì
e to thank S.O for doing S.TH: cảm ơn ai làm gì
f to insist on doing S.TH: nài nỉ ai làm gì
g to apologise to S.O for (not) doing S.TH: xin lỗi ai làm( không làm) gì
h to stop S.O from doing S.TH: ngăn cản ai làm gì
i to warn S.O against doing S.TH = to warn S.O not to do S.TH : cảnh báo ai đừng làm gì
VIII Conditional sentences
1 Conditional Sentences (If Sentences): Type 1
Eg: If I finish my homework, I will go to the concert
(= I will go to the concert if I finish my homework.)
* If clause: If I finish my homework,
* Main clause: I will go to the concert
a Form: If + S + V1…., S + will + Vo…
b Use: Diễn tả một điều kiện có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương
lai
2 Conditional Sentences (If Sentences): Type 2
Eg: - He doesn’t have much time now
4
Trang 6If he had much time, he would help you.
- I am not in your position now
- If I were in your position, I could do that
a Form: If + S + V2/ed… , S + would/could + Vo…
(be were) Mary suggested spending the day at the beach
b Use: Diễn tả một điều kiện không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại
3 Conditional Sentences (If Sentences): Type 3
Eg: We didn’t study hard last year and we didn’t get good marks
If we had studied hard last year, we would have got good marks
a Form: If + S + had + V3/ed…., S + would/could + have + V3/ed…
b Use: Diễn tả một điều kiện không thể xảy ra trong quá khứ
* Summary:
TypeIf clausesMain clauses
If + S + V1… ,S + will + Vo……1
If + S + V2/ed… ,S + would/could + Vo……2
(be were) Mary suggested spending the day at the beach
If + S + had+V3/ed….,S + would/could+have+V3/ed….3
4 Note:
- Một số từ/cụm từ có thể thay cho IF với nghĩa tương đương: unless (từ khi); provided that; as long as (miễn
là); suppose (cho là); in case (trong trường hợp); on condition that (với điều kiện)
Ex: - We will be late unless we hurry
- You can borrow my book provided that you bring it back
- Chú ý cách dùng cấu trúc tương đương với But for , without
- Cách dùng câu điều kiện loại 2,3,4 đảo ngữ
IX Conditional in reported speech
Eg: a “If I leave now, I’ll catch the train.”
He told me that if he left then, he would catch the train
b “If you came back tomorrow, I would help you.”
She said that if I came back the following day, she would help me
c “If I had practiced more, I couldn’t have nade such mistakes.”
Lan said that if she had practiced more, she couldn’t have made such mistakes
* Khi đổi câu điều kiện sang gián tiếp
1 Đổi động từ giới thiệu sang: “said, told, pointed out, ….”
2 Đổi thì:(V1V2/ed; can/ will/ may +Vo could/ would/ might +Vo), ta không đổi thì trong điều kiện 2 và 3 Mary suggested spending the day at the beach Mary suggested spending the day at the beach
3 Đổi ngôi:
- Đổi ngôi thứ NHẤT phù hợp với CHỦ TỪ trong mệnh đề chính
- Đổi ngôi thứ HAI phù hợp với TÚC TỪ trong mệnh đề chính
- Ngôi thứ BA không đổi
4 Đổi trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn:
Direct SpeechIndirect Speech
1 today/tonight1 that day/ that night
2 now2 then
3 ago3 before
4 yesterday4 the previous day/ the day before
5 last week5 the previous week/ the week before
6 tomorrow6 the following day/ the day after
7 next week7 the following week/ the week after
8 this8 that
9 these9 those
10 here10 there
X Indefinite pronouns
Trang 71 Pronouns: one(s), someone, everyone, anyone, no one.
a one(s): Dùng để thay thế danh từ đã được đề cập trước đó;
Eg: - There are three rulers on the table The blue one (ruler) is mine
- The green apples are cheaper than the red ones (apples)
b someone, everyone: Dùng trong câu khẳng định
Eg: - There is someone at the door
- Everyone knows the solution to this problem
c anyone: Dùng trong câu phủ định và nghi vấn
Eg: - There isn’t anyone in the house
- Did you talk to anyone at the party?
d no one: Thường dùng động từ ở dạng khẳng định
Eg: No one likes to come to this restaurant
* Các động từ theo các đại từ bất định trên thường ở số ít
D Reading :
1 Gap-filling
2 Reading comprehension
E Phonetics
1 Word pronunciation
2 Stressed syllable
F Exercise :
I.Grammar and vocabulary:
1 For true ………friendship, it is not common
a goodb closec speciald intimate
2 The first quality, which is the ………of friendship, is unselfishness
a certaintyb greatnessc beginningd essence
3 ……….is the third important quality
a Truthb Loyaltyc Strengthd Sureness
4 Two friends must be loyalty to each other, there can be no ……… between them
a typesb gapsc differencesd suspicions
5 And where such mutual ………does not exist, friendship is impossible
a knowingb sympathyc harmonyd relation
6 A selfish person is incapable of ………friendship
a generousb commonc sociald true
7.There are ……… people who cannot keep a secret
a talkativeb silentc quietd calm
8 My most ……… experience happened a few years ago.I had breakfast without
money
a interestingb happyc excitingd embarrassing
9.He was ……… excited and decided to go to the shop at once
a extremelyb luckilyc merelyd sadly
10.The boy ……….at me and turn away
a knockedb pointedc glancedd arrived
11.I saw ……….dollar notes exactly like the ones my father had given me
a a bunch ofb a number ofc a wad ofd a lot of
12.She decided not to make ………
a a fussb a roomc confusiond embarrassing
13.Can you ………… how I felt?
a knowb picturec guessd paint
14 The boy glanced at me and………
a stepped past me b come near mec walks towards me d went with me
15.There was a ……….look on his face but I didn’t think about that
a sneakyb nicec goodd honest
16 When I told Jim the news, he seemed ………
6
Trang 8a to surpriseb to be surprisedc surprisingd surprised
17.He got quite a lot of nice ………from his family, and one of them was a beautiful big drum
a booksb sweetsc giftsd things
18 ……… , Jimmy liked his drum very much
a Generallyb Naturallyc Actuallyd Luckily
19.Their house is ……… … decorated
a beautifulb beautifullyc beautyd beautified
20.Each nation has many people who ……… take care of others
a optionallyb voluntarilyc freelyd consciously
21.Sometimes you just ………… them, play games with them or listen to their problems
a wait onb hold onc depend ond visit
22.Other young volunteers go and work in the homes of people who are ……… or old
a unhealthyb delicatec disgustedd cold
23.They clean up or repair their houses, do their shopping or ………… their lawns
a shortenb digc moved mow
24.They give ……….to them and help them to overcome their difficulties
a well-beingb richnessc care and comfort d safety
25.She does ……… work for the Red Cross two days a week
a volunteerb volunteeringc voluntaryd voluntarily
26.Many airline passengers face ………delays because of the strike
a longb lengthc lengthyd lengthening
27.We’ve got a ……… of visitors at the moment
a houseb housefulc homed homeless
20.An eight-hour ……… day is still typical for many people
a workb workingc workerd workhouse
28.Idon’t like going on ……… tours
a organizeb organizedc organizationd organizer
29.The lower tax rate is particularly……… to poor families
a advantagedb advantagesc disadvantaged disadvantages
30.Hot soup is very ……… on a cold winter’s day
a comfortingb comforterc comfortabled comfortless
31 Do you like taking part in the ……… like these?
a contextsb contestsc rivalsd race
32 Is winning the most ……….thing in a competition?
a significantb powerfulc dynamicd critical
33 Its ………… was to stimulate the spirit of learning English among students
a hopeb wishc rootd aim
34.The competition was ……… by the Students’ parents Society
a sponsoredb finishedc limitedd tested
35.Mr Smith, our English teacher, explained the competition’s rules to the students
a powersb coursesc eventsd regulations
36.Each group must ………five activities in all
a loosenb completec realized mature
37.The judges will ………and score your performance
a sayb keepc observed celebrate
38.The policemen ………that they would reward a prize for anyone who provided their
information
a informesb informersc informationd informational
39.It’s said that tents come in ………shapes and sizes
a varyb varietyc variousd variously
40.That guy asked to be put under police………
a protectb protectedc protectiond protective
41 ………… , our young brothers will arrive before dark
Trang 9a Hopeb Hopefulc Hopefullyd Hopefulness
42.One of them had ………left that window open
a careb carelessc carelessnessd carelessly
43.He likes most sports but badminton is his first ………
a loveb loverc lovelyd loveness
44.There were signs ……….of fog as soon as we got onto the motorway
a warnb warningc warnedd to warn
45 The population of the world has been ……… faster and faster
a cuttingb developingc inflatingd extending
46.In 10,000 B.C there were ……… only 10 million people
a probablyb certainlyc surelyd fairly
47.It took 1750 years for the world population to……… 625 million
a reachb deliverc developd untwist
48.In 1850, only one hundred years later, the population reached the ……… of 1300
million
a shapeb bodyc pictured figure
49.Does the earth have enough resources to……… this many people?
a entertainb showc strengthend assist
50.Different scientists give……… answers to this question
a individualb unusualc variousd unlike
51.Some say that there are ………resources to support 8 billion people
a someb sufficientc severald good
52.Others say that we must ……… population growth because our resources are limited
a growb enlargec limitd retire
53.My brother takes a ……… interest in his children
a liveb alivec livelyd living
54.I’m reading a few ……… books this month
a differb differencec differentd differently
55.Remember to keep ………by eating well and exercising regularly
a healthb healthfulc healthyd healthily
56.That boxer has been ………criticized in the press
a heavyb heavinessc heavierd heavily
57.After that terrible accident she suffered from loss of………
a memoryb memorizec memorabled memorably
58.It’s said that diet plays an important part in the ………of heart disease
a manageb managerc managementd manageable
59.Most of her students say it is helpful if teachers ……….their pronunciation
a correctb correctionc correctived correctively
60 Lunar new Year, or Tet, is Vietnam’s ………… holiday
a partyb festivec meetingd get-together
61.Tet marks the ……….of spring and, for agrarian people, the start of the New Year
a seedb germc sourced outset
62.The…… and celebrations used to be spread over months but nowadays the holiday is much better
a mixturesb compositionsc preparationsd exclusive
63.There is great ……… building up well before Tet
a excitementb heatc feverd boring
64.Streets are ………with colors lights and red banners
a paintedb ornamentedc drawnd written
65.People are busy buying gifts, cleaning and decorating the house and cooking
……… foods
a favoriteb dailyc traditionald national
66.One of Tet’s most ……….foods is banh chung, which is made from sticky rice, yellow mug beans and fatty pork
a differentb unfamiliarc specificd special
8
Trang 1067.People ………that what they do on the first day of the year will influence their luck during the whole year
a maintainb trustc depend ond rely on
68.Children ……… their”lucky money” inside red envelopes
a publishb receivec transmitd spread
69.It’s said that laughter is the best ………
a medicineb medicatedc medicationd medical
70.He says that there’s a problem with the ………
a electricb electricsc electriciand electrical
71.How can you display the data in a ………form?
a useb usagec usabled useless
72.Our teacher tells us that you need to be more ………
a decideb decisionc decisived decided
73.It seems ………that you could have walked by without noticing that nice girl
a possibleb impossiblec possiblyd impossibly
74.We know that plant ………is most noticeable in spring and early summer
a growb grownc growingd growth
75.Don’t you know that this theory is no longer ………accepted?
a wideb widenc widelyd width
76.It was reported that the ……… of the strike caused a lot of poverty
a continueb continuousc continuationd continual
77.There’s ………outside the house I hear some strange voices
a everybodyb anybodyc nobodyd somebody
78.Jane’s been unfaithful to Jim three times, but he still loves her in spite of …………
a nothingb somethingc anythingd everything
79.Go ………in the world and you’ll find some sort of hamburger restaurants
a anywhereb everywherec somewhered nowhere
80.There’s ……… sharp in my shoe and I feel hurt
a somethingb anythingc everythingd nothing
81.These young people have ………(else) to go
a somewhereb nowherec anywhered everywhere
82 ……… likes snakes, do they?
a someoneb no onec anyoned everyone
83.Is there ……… home?
a somebodyb anybodyc nobodyd everybody
84 ……… could dress well with all that much money
a Anybodyb Somebodyc Everybodyd Nobody
85.You won’t find a prettier village ………in England
a nowhereb somewherec everywhered anywhere
86 He has a wide circle of friends and ……… in Ho Chi Minh city so he does not worry much about
accommodation when he follows his studying there
a.acquaintancesb.neighborhoodc.friendshipsd.relations
87 The United Nations is a(an) _ organisation
a limitb controlc internationald resources
88 We have to protect our country's natural _such as coal, oil, forests
a populationb resourcesc ratesd methods
89 I have still wondered about his _ in the last farewell party
a embassrassment b embarrassc embarrassingd embarrassed
90 We will not lose our parents’s _ on us Try to study harder and harder
a independenceb dependencec confidenced appearance
91 He was sent to a(n) _after his parents’ death
a orphanb orphanagec home for the aged d hotel