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TỔNG CHUYÊN ĐỀ INFINITIVES AND GERUND - Lê Thị Hường

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Nội dung

Stop + V-ing: dừng làm gì Stop making noise!. 1.Stop + to V: dừng để làm gì I stop to smoke 2.Remember/forget/regret + to V: nhớ/quên/tiếc sẽ phải làm gì ở hiện tại và tương lai Remem

Trang 1

Edited by ThS: Le Huong _ huongngoaingu287@gmail.com

S + V + V ing S + V + TO V S + V+ SB + TO V S + V + sb + V

-bare inf

1 avoid (tránh )

2 admit (thừa nhận )

3 advise (khuyên nhủ )

4 appreciate (đánh giá )

5 complete ( hoàn thành )

6 consider ( xem xét )

7 continue(tiep tuc)

=go on= keep on( tiếp tục

8 delay ( trì hoãn )

9 deny ( từ chối ) ≠ give up(bỏ)

10 discuss ( thảo luận )

11 dislike ( không thích )=hate

12 enjoy ( thích )

=like=feel like=love

13 finish ( hoàn thành ))

14 mention (đề cập )

15 mind ( phiền , ngại )

16 miss (nhớ , bỏ lỡ )

17 postpone ( trì hoãn )

≠stop( dừng)

18 practice (luyện tập )

19 quit (nghỉ , thôi )

20 recall ( nhắc nhở , nhớ )

21 recollect ( nhớ ra )

22 recommend (nhắc nhở )

23 be sorry about Ving

= be sorry sb for Ving

24 resent (bực tức )

25 resist (kháng cự )

26 risk ( rủi ro )

27 spend (dành time)

28 suggest (đề nghị )

29 tolerate (tha thứ )

30 understand ( hiểu )

31 can’t help (ko thể nhịn được )

32 can’t stand ( ko thể chịu đc )

33 can’t bear ( ko thể chịu đc )

34 would you mind(có làm

phiền k)

35 to be used to = to be / get

accustomed to (dần quen với )

S + [phrase] + V-ing

1 be/ get used to (quen với)

2 It’s no use (vô ích)

3 It’s no good (chẳng ích gì)

4 look forward to (trông mong)

1 afford (đủ khả năng)

2 agree (đồng ý )

3 appear ( xuất hiện )

4 arrange ( sắp xếp )

5 ask ( hỏi , yêu cầu )

6 beg ( nài nỉ , vanxin)

7 care ( chăm sóc )

8 claim (yêu cầu)

9 consent ( bằng lòng

10 decide ( quyết định )

11 demand ( yêu cầu )

12 deserve ( xứng đấng)

13 expect ( mong đợi )

14 fail ( thất bại )

15 hesitate (do dự )

16 hope (hi vọng )

17 learn ( học )

18 manage (sắp xếp )

19 mean (ý định )

20 need ( cần )

21 offer (đề nghị )

22 plan ( lên kế hoạch )

23 prepare ( chuẩn bị )

24 pretend ( giả vờ )

25 promise ( hứa )

26 refuse ( từ chối )

27 seem ( dường như )

28 struggle (đấu tranh )

29 swear ( xin thề )

30 threaten (đe doạ )

31 volunteer ( tình nguyện

32 wait (đợi )

33 want ( muốn )

34 wish ( mong )

Ex : We agree to start

early

1 advise (khuyên )

2 allow ( cho phép )

3 ask ( yêu cầu )

4 beg ( van xin )

5 cause ( gây ra )

6 challenge (thách thức )

7 convince ( thuyết phục )

8 persuade ( thuyết phục )

9 dare ( dám )

10 encourage ( khuyến khích )

11 expect ( mong đợi )

12 forbid ( cấm )

13 force ( buộc )

14 hire ( thuê )

15 instruct ( hướng dẫn

16 invite ( mời )

17 need ( cần )

18 order ( ra lệnh )

19 permit ( cho phép )

20 remind ( nhắc nhở

21 require (đò hỏi )

22 teach ( dạy )

23 tell( bảo )

24 urge ( thúc giục )

25 want ( muốn )

26 warn ( báo trước )

Ex: She allowed me to use her car

1 help (giúp )

2 let (cho phép) 3.find( thấy) 4.seem(dườg như 5.make(làm cho) 6.feel(cảm thấy)

(≠feel like+ V-ing) 8.hear(nghe) 9.observe(quansat) 10.had better:nên 11.smell(ngửi) 12.taste(có vị ) 13.notice(chó ý) 14.watch( xem) 15.become(tro len) 16.sound (nghe ) 17.nothing but(k gì

…nhưng chỉ) 18.cannot but (k còn cách nào hơn là )

*lưu ý :

- let/make  bị động (be let/made +to V)

- S + V ( be, seem,

look, feel, )

Trang 2

5 There is no (ko còn cách)

6 There be no shortcut to (ko

còn biện pháp nào)

7 be worth (xứng đáng)

8 be busy (bận rộn)

In addition to (thêm nữa)

S + be + [Adj] + prep + V-ing

1 interested in ( thích)

2 fond of (thích)

3 worried about (lo lắng về)

4 afraid of (e ngại)

Một số động từ có thể đi cùng với cả động từ TO INFINITIVE AND GERUND

1 Stop + V-ing: dừng làm gì

Stop making noise!

1.Stop + to V: dừng để làm gì

I stop to smoke

2.Remember/forget/regret + to V:

nhớ/quên/tiếc sẽ phải làm gì (ở hiện tại và tương

lai)

Remember to send this letter

Don’t forget to buy flowers

2 Remember/forget/regret + V-ing:

nhớ/quên/tiếc đã làm gì (ở quá khứ)

I paid her $2 I still remember paying her $2

He regrets leaving school early

3 Try + to V: cố gắng làm gì

I try to pass the exam

3 Try + V-ing: thử làm gì You should try unlocking the door with this key

4 Like + to V: làm việc đó vì nó là tốt và cần thiết

I want to have a job I like to learn English

4 Like + V-ing: thích làm gì vì nó thú vị, hay, cuốn hút,

làm để thưởng thức I like watching TV

5 Prefer + to do something + rather than (do)

sth esle

I prefer to drive rather than travel by train

5 Prefer + doing something + to + doing something else

I prefer driving to travelling by train

6 Need + to V: cần làm gì

I need to go to school today

6 Need/want/require + V-ing: nghĩa bị động

Your hair needs cutting The grass needs cutting

7 Used to + V: thường làm gì trong quá khứ (bây

giờ ko làm nữa)

I used to get up early when I lived in Hanoi

7 Be used to + V-ing: quen với việc gì (ở hiện tại)

I’m used to getting up early (tôi quen với việc dậy sớm)

8 Advise/ allow/ permit/ recommend + O+ to V:

Khuyên/cho phép/đề nghị ai làm gì

He advised me to apply at once

They don't allow us to park here

8 Advise/ allow/ permit/ recommend + Ving:

Khuyên/ cho phép/ đề nghị làm gì

He advised applying at once

They don't allow parking here

9 See / hear/ smell/ feel/ notice/ watch + O +

V(ngthể ko 'to'):

Cấu trúc này được sử dụng khi người nói chỉ

chứng kiến toàn bộ hành động:

We saw him leave the house

I heard him make arrangements for his journey

9 See / hear/ smell/ feel/ notice/ watch + O + V-ing:

Cấu trúc này được sử dụng khi người nói chỉ chứng kiến một phần của hành động:

I see him passing my house everyday

She smelt something burning and saw smoke rising

Trang 3

 GERUND

1 Verb + Preposition

to apologize for ing

to confess to ing to object to ing

to complain about ing to participate in ing

to dream of ing to take part in ing

to insist on ing to think of ing

to look forward to ing to win by ing

2 Verb + Object + Preposition

to accuse someone of ing to prevent someone from ing

to blame someone for ing to keep someone from ing

to charge someone with ing to stop someone from ing

to compliment someone on _ing to thank someone for ing

to congratulate on _ing to take advantage of ing

to criticize for _ing to warn someone against _ing

to fine someone for ing to have a good reason for ing

to have difficulty in ing

3 To Be + Adjective + Preposition

to be accustomed to ing to be interested in ing

to be excited about ing to be capable of ing

to be responsible for ing to be used to ing

to be tired of ing to be bored with ing

to be good for ing to be good at ing

to be bad at ing to be guilty of ing

4 To Be + Noun + Preposition

to be a victim of ing to be an advocate of ing

to be a believer in ing to be a supporter of ing

to be a critic of in

Trang 4

MỘT SỐ TRƯỜNG HỢP ĐẶC BIỆT KHÁC

1 Allow/ permit/ recommend/ advise … + V-ing

2 to make : - make + sb + V_bare inf

-to be made + to V

3 to suggest :

suggest + Ving -ex 1: They suggest building a big house

suggest + sb + V-bare inf -ex 2: The teacher suggests me stay at home

+ Should V The teacher suggests me should stay at home suggested + sb + V-ed -ex 3: My dad suggested me used the red car

+ should V My dad suggested me should use the red car

4 to have/get

have/get sth done(V-ed) : cho/nhờ/ thuê ai đó lam gì -Ex: I have my car cleaned.(tôi rửa xe của

tôi Thuê người rửa )

have sb do sth : nhờ ai làm gì I have my brother clean my car

=

get sth done(V-ed) Ex: I get my car cleaned

get sb to V sth: Ex: I get my brother to clean my car

5 ( would / ‘d) prefer = ( would / ‘d) rather :thích hơn

 would)prefer+V-ing+sth+to+V-ing+sth = (would)rather+V(bare inf)+sth+THAN+V(bare

inf)+sth:

Ex: I ’d preper driving car to riding a bike I’d rather drive car than ride a bike

 (would)prefer +to V sth = (would) rather + V(-bare inf) sth: thích gì hơn

Ex: she would prefer to dance = she would rather dance

(’d) prefer + sb + to V sth =(’d) rather + sb + V-ed

EX: he prefers me to go out now = he rathers me went out now

 Would like + to V: mời ai đi đâu

Would you like to go to the cinema?

6 S + [phrase] + to-V 0

 be + adj + enough + to-V0

 be + too + adj + to-V0

 It + takes/ took + O + time + to-V :EX: It takes me 2 hourse to finish the job

7 S + be + [Adj] + to-V 0

 glad (vui mừng)

 happy (hạnh phúc)

 kind (tử tế)

 right (đúng đắn)

 ready (sẵn sàng)

safe (an toàn)

EX: I am happy to meet you here

Trang 5

PRACTICE

 Exercise 1: Choose the best answer:

1 Many young people are fond of - football and other kinds of sports

A play B to play C playing D played

2 They couldn’t help - when they heard the little boy singing a love song

A laughing B to laugh C laugh D laughed

3 Your house needs -

A redecorated B redecorating C being redecorated D to redecorate

4 I remember - them to play in my garden

A to allow B allow C allowing D allowed

5 It was a nasty memory Do you remember both of us wearing sunglasses to avoid - by the supervisors?

A to recognize B to be recognized C recognizing D being recognized

6 I can’t bear thinking back of that time I’d rather - equally

A treat B be treated C have treated D treating

7 Did you accuse Nam of - a plate? Well, I saw him - it off the table with his

elbow

A break/ knock B breaking/ knocking C to break/ to knock D breaking/ knock

8 We found it very difficult - with Gamma

A to work B work C working D worked

9 I can’t read when I am traveling It makes me - sick

A feel B to feel C felt D feeling

10 I need - what’s in the letter Why don’t you let me - it?

A to know/ to read B know/ read C to know/ read D knowing/ read

11 I suggest - some more mathematical puzzles

A do B to do C doing D done

12 We regret - you that we cannot approve your suggestion

A inform B to inform C informing D informed

13 The driver stopped - a coffee because he felt sleepy

A have B to have C having D had

14 Have you ever considered - a pharmacist?

A become B becoming C to become D became

15 You had better - at home until you feel better

A staying B stayed C to stay D stay

16 I remember - my mother said the grass in the garden needed -

A to hear/cutting B hear/cut C heard/to cut D hearing/ cutting

17 Peter sometimes help his sister -

A do homework B to do homework C with homework D all are correct

18 I would rather - at home than -out with you

A staying/going B to stay/ to go C stay/go D stayed/went

19 I would rather you -

A drive B to drive C drove D driven

Trang 6

20 She didn’t say a word and left the room

A She left the room without saying a word B She leaving the room without saying a word

C She left the room saying a word D She left the room to say a word

21 My father wanted me - a pilot

A become B to become C becoming D became

22 Please wait a minute My boss is busy - something

A write B writing C to write D to writing

23 My teacher doesn’t allow us - while he is explaining the lesson

A talk B to talk C talking D talked

24 We have plenty of time We needn’t -

A hurry B to hurry C hurrying D hurried

25 I promised - on time I mustn’t - late

A be/be B to be/to be C to be/ be D be/to be

26 Mary and I are looking forward - you

A of seeing B for seeing C to seeing D to see

27 I’m sure that he knows - this new machine

A to use B using C how using D how to use

28 Psychiatrists and doctors have failed - people not to drink

A to tell B telling C tell D told

29 The students are used to - in the school library

A working B work C to work D worked

30 Our room needs - up

A tidied B to tide C tidy D tidying

31 Mercury’s low gravity makes you - very light in a spaceship

A feel B feeling C to feel D felt

32 “ Was the test long?” “ Yes, John was the only one - it”

A to finish B finishing C finished D finish

33 A lots of needs - to the house before anyone can move in

A be done B doing C to do D done

34 It is about time you - harder for the next exam

A worked B working C work D to work

35 If he really doesn’t feel like - now, I suggested that he should go out for some fresh air

A work B to work C worked D working

 Exercise 2 Supply the correct form of the verbs in brackets

1 I’d rather (stay) home tonight

2 She had trouble (tell) lies to the boss

3 It is worth (spend) money on it It has been there in the shop for ages

4 The students get used to (help) _ the old and the disabled

5 It’s no use (learn) a language

6 I dislike (call) _ a little girl

7 We spend hours (type) _ this document

8 She has her mother (help) me every weekend

9 He keeps (hope) _ and (pray) _ that things will get better

10 I don’t know why he avoids (meet) _ me

11 The manager decided (resign) _ his secretary

Trang 7

12 The boy admitted (break) _ my ancient flower vase

13 He suggested (have) lunch outside

14 I expect (meet) my parents because I haven’t seen for ages

15 I promise (not tell) _ a lie

16 Mary suggested (hold) a barbecue in the garden

17 He keeps (hope) _ (win) _ the game this summer

18 The students stopped (talk) when the teacher came in

19 I enjoy (listen) to classical music

20 I’ll try (not make) the same mistake again

21 Would you mind (give) _ me a hand?

22 She has just finished (write) _ a friendly letter

23 Have you ever watched people (try) (catch) _ fish?

24 Do you have any money (pay) _ for the book?

25 Would you be so good as (answer) _ the phone when iot rains?

26 Try (forget) _ it; it isn’t worth (worry) about

27 We want (pay) better wages

28 We don’t enjoy (use) as cheap labor; we’re tired of (work ) _for low wages

29 After (hear) _ the conditions, I decided (not enter) _ for the competition

30 Imagine (have) (get) _ up at 4 A.M every day

31 We were surprised by his (go) away without (say) _goodbye

32 It’s not much use (have) _ a bicycle if you don’t know how (ride) _ it

33 I’d love (have) _ an apportunity (meet) _ you again

34 He resents (tell) what (do) _

35 We expect (treat) _ like human beings

36 She hopes (invite) to discussions with the company

37 We’re going to have our luggage (weigh) _

38 I want my exercises (do) _ by tomorrow morning

39 Can these old engines be made (start) ?

40 There were some people (row) on the river

41 Try (avoid) _ (be) late He hates (keep) (wait) _

42 Do you feel like (dine) out or would you rather (have) _ dinner at home?

- I’d like(go) _ out I always enjoy (have) dinner in a restaurant

43 Your hair needs (cut) You’d better(have) it (do) _ tomorrow – unless you’d like me (have) _ a go at it for you

44 The children prefer (watch) TV to (read)

45 I am against (make) _ any complaints

46 We are looking forward to (read) your new book

47 You’d better consult your lawyer before (decide) to buy the property

48 It’s an (interest) match

49 After (watch) _ for three hours we stopped to let the others (catch up ) with us

50 He was fined for (exceed) _ the speed limit

51 Before (give) evidence you must swear (speak) _ the truth

52 His doctor advised him (give up ) _ his job

53 My watch keeps (stop) _ because you keep (forget) _ (wind)

54 Some people seem (have) _ qa passion for (write) _ to the newspaper

55 I tried (explain) to him but he refused (listen) and went on

(grumble)

56 Would you like (go) _ (fish) _ with me this afternoon

57 She has something (tell) _ you

58 My mother her hair (do) _ once a month

Trang 8

59 I know my hair wants (cut) but I never have time (go) _ to the hairdresser’s

60 It took me three days (find) _ out the old photograph

 Exercise 3 Rewrite the following sentences with the meaning unchanged:

1 Shall we go for a walk ?

 What about ……….……….?

2 Why don’t we visit our teacher ?

 I suggest ………

3 I am very pleased that we shall meet again soon

 I’m looking ……… …………

4 It is really quite easy to learn English

 Learning ……… …

5 I don’t want to go to the movie tonight

 I don’t feel like ……… ………

6 Complaining about the matter is useless now

 It is ………

7 It’s not a good idea to travel during the rush hour

 It’s better to avoid ………

8 I expect that he will get there by lunchtime

 I expect him ………

9 I remember someone telling me the news

 I remember being………

10 Could you turn the radio down, please?

.Would you mind ………?

 Exercise 4

1.It was Mrs Kent who suggested Mary………….abroad

A.study B.studying C.to study D.studied

2 You don’t expect me……….that you actually met John, do you?

A.believe B.believed C.to believe D.believing

3.The board of dircector discuss the project, then went on…………another topic

A.to discuss B.discuss C.discussing D.discussed

4.Why do you continue ………… there if you don’t like your job?

A.to work B.working C.worked D.both A and B

5.He regrets not……… to see his grandparents in Paris

A.to go B.went C.gone D.going

6 Mary agreed to the circus with Ann

A) went B) to go C) going D) goes

7.My doctor doesn’t permit me……… red meat

A.to eat B.eating C.ate D.eat

8 It’s no use his opinion

A) asking B) to ask C) ask D) asks

9.Anyone can……….used to………a life of luxury

A.get/ live B.to get/ living C.to get/ to live D.get/ living

10.If you decide…………your car, let me…………

A.sell/ know B.selling/ to know C.to sell/ to know D.to sell/ know

11.I would like you………the plants for me at the weekend

A.to water B.water C.watering D.watered

Trang 9

12 I clearly……… my alarm clock before………to bed last night

A.setting/ went B.setting/ going C set/ going D.to set/ to go

13.I promised………….John go out but I don’t feel like……….now

A.take/ going B.to take/ to go C to take/ going D.take/ go

14.It would be good for children……….outdoors more often

A.play B.playing C.played D.to play

15 She should avoid other people’s feeling

A) hurting B) to hurt C) hurt D) hurts

16.He is expecting a trip to Ha Long Bay

A make B to make C making D made

EXERCISE 5

1 In stead of buying a new pair of shoes, I had my old ones _

a repaired b to repaired c repairing d repaired

2 It‟s possible _ a train across Canada

a take b to take c taking d taken

3 Now that we have finished painting the house, there is nothing left _

a to do b for doing c to be done d for being done

4 Before we leave, let‟s have Shally _ a map for us so we won‟t get lost

a draw b to draw c drawing d drawn

5 I can hear a cat _ at the window

a scratches b to scratch c scratching d was scratching

6 I think your mother should let you _ your own mind

a make up b to make up c making up d made up

7 The police never found the money _in the robbery

a stealing b be stolen c steal d stolen

8 Do you know what made so many people _their home?

a evacuate b to evacuate c evacuated d be evacuated

9 _bread, you usually need flour, salt, and yeast

a Make b To make c Making d For make

10 He was never heard _ “ thank you” in his life

a say b to say c saying d said

11 I was delighted _ my old friends again

a to see b seeing c seen d to be seen

12 _ to friends is nice but alone is also enjoyable

a Talk/ to be b To talk/ be c Talk/ be d Talking/ being

13 I‟d rather _ to Elvis than the Beatles

a listen b to listen c listening d listened

14 The aim of the culture festival is _ friendship between the two countries

a promote b promoting c to promote d being promoted

15 How can you let such a silly incident _ your friendship?

a wreck b to wreck c wrecking d that wrecks

16 It has become necessary _water in the metropolitan area because of the severe

drought

a rationing b ration c to ration d to have rationed

17 All the passengers were made _their seat belts during the turbulence

a buckle b to buckle c buckling d for buckling

18 _good ice cream, you need to use a lot of cream

a Make b Making c To make d For make

Trang 10

19 I got my good friend her car for the weekend

a to let me to borrow b to let me borrow c let me borrow d let me to borrow

20 „ How about going to the theater?‟ „ OK, but I would rather a concert.‟

a attend b to attend c attending d have attended

21 Last night we saw a meteor through the sky

a streaked b to streak c streak d.to have streak

22 The skiers would rather through the mountains than go by bus

a to travel on train b traveled by train c travel by train d traveling by train

23 If we leave now for our trip, we can drive half the distance before we stop lunch

a having b to have c having had d for having

24 I always hear you with your sister What‟s wrong between you?

a argue b to argue c argued d argues

25 Try _ so many mistakes

a not to make b not make c to make not d make not

26 You had better _ home and have a rest

a going b goes c to go d go

27 I hope to university next year

a to go b go c going d went

28 I expected to the party, but I was not

a to invite b inviting c to be invited d being invited

29 The manager insisted ……….me a position in the company

A for offering B on offering C in offer D on offer

30 The flight attendant reminded the man that smoking…there

A was not allowed B is not allowed C not to allow D not allow

31 The little boy begged the lady ………… some soup

A give B gives C giving D to give

32 They invited me the weekend with them

A spends B spend C to spend D spending

33 He reminded me the letter

A post B to post C posting D to posting

34 I warned Jim playing with the snakes

A for B in C of D against

35 Mary apologized for him earlier

A to study B to studying C study D studying

37 My mother asked me the window

A open B opening C to opening D to open

38 Susan insisted on Mary to the beach

A drive B driving C to drive D to driving

39 Huong congratulated me on the entrance exam

A to pass B to passing C passing D passed

40 Mr Smith thanked Linda inviting him to the party

A for B of C on D to

41 Mary refused me any more money

A to lend B to lending C lend D lending

42 The teacher told his students………all the homework before they ……….to class

A do/ come B to do/ come C to do/ came D do/ came

43 The supervisor apologized………

A for be late B for being late C on being late D on be late

44 The father told his son……… his time ………games all day

A not to waste/ play B not to waste/playing C not waste/play D.not waste/ playing

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