VIETNAM COUNTRY REPORT (PRESENTS AT AFACI - GAP PROJECT EXPERT WORKSHOP, JUNE 2015, PHILIPPINES)

The project mainly aims to promote national GAP program for assuring quality and safety of agricultural products, especially vegetables and fresh fruits for providing to both local and

VIETNAM COUNTRY REPORT

(PRESENTS AT AFACI - GAP PROJECT EXPERT

WORKSHOP, JUNE 2015, PHILIPPINES)

HA NOI - 2015

VIETNAM AGRICULTURE

CROPS PRODUCTION 2014

 Rice sowing Area: 7,800,000 ha Yield: 5,74 t/ ha; Production: 44.84 millions

 Maize: Area 1,178,900 ha; Yield: 44t/ha;

Production: 5,2 million tons.

 Vegetable: Area 873,000 ha, Production: 15.3 millions tons.

 Fruits: Area 832,000 ha, growth 2.5%

MARD, 2014

AGRICULTURAL LAND PER

CAPITA

Global average

OVERALL TARGETS

NEW VISSION FOR AGRICULTURE

Every Decade:

- Production Growth increase by 20%, ensuring food security at national and household levels

- Poverty reduced by 20%

- GHG emission reduced by 20%

 Food Security and safety

 Natural disaster mitigation and Environment protection

 Human Resources Development

 Sector Production Restructuring with

emphasis on high-value and deep

1. Science and Technology Development

2. Policy renovation (land policy, human

resource development, farmer-centered approach)

3. Small and Medium Enterprises

 Objectives:

Improvement of quality and safety of

agricultural commodities in the Asian

countries through the establshment of GAP inforamtion network between the AFACI

memebers The project mainly aims to

promote national GAP program for assuring quality and safety of agricultural products, especially vegetables and fresh fruits for

providing to both local and export markets.

Implementing agency:

Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences

(VAAS).

Principal investigator: Prof Dr Nguyen Van Tuat

Working team: Mr Nguyen Hoang Long and Le Thi Lien

Project duration: 3 years commencing from

2012 September to 2015 August

Total budget: 30,000 USD

 In Vietnam, there are more than 120 species with tropical, semi-tropical and temperate originals Thanks to advanced technologies, there are many off-season vegetables being

grown for meeting the domestic consumption as well as

processing for exporting.

 Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) have been conducted in

many countries in the world, and have contributed effectively

in safety food producing in general and in safety vegetables and fruits in particularly

 AFACI-GAP initiative in September, 26, 2012 the VAAS has

signed the MOU under the AFACI program to joint the GAP international team.

AFACI-Project on the GAP practice in Vietnam has conducted

a several activities based on the agreements of the

project document A survey of key vegetable crops has been taken place in northern part of Vietnam,

identifying their achievement and constraints in

vegetable safe production

During the survey and training for farmers and local

technicians through the approach” learning by doing” there are some consultancy and advice for them how

to meet the GAP standards, how to pursue the

technical guidelines/protocols

According to the current existing production and requirement

of integration of agricultural products, of which vegetables and fruits play a key role; learn experiences of the other countries, the Vietnam Government and Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development

(MARD) have issued a number of documents served as legal

foundations for activities related to producing and carrying business

on vegetables and fruits

Good agriculture practice (GAP) is strongly supported by the Vietnam Government This is clearly shown via issuing the Law on Food Safety, which effects since the 1st July 2011 The law indicates requirements of setting up legal regulations and road map of

required implementation of applying the Good Manufacture Practices (GMP), Good Agriculture Practices (GAP)… and other advanced

management systems for food safety during the foods production

and business.

GAP standard (Original document/English translation)

The view point of Vietnam government

The Law on food safety has come into the effect since 2011, 1st July, requesting establish the legal regulatory guidelines and perform the roadmap for the GAP implementation It’s necessary to apply the advanced system of quality controlling food safety during the production process and trading the

agricultural commodities

The information and communication are important parts in the country social economic structure, also as a key economic

trade branch

GAP Mannuals and field experience on the target crops

•On January 28th , 2008 the VietGAP standards has been

officially released by the MARD The key points in this

standards are as followed:

•The meaning of the VietGAP standards is Vietnamese Good Agricultural Practices, wich is based on 4 criteria namely:

•Standard for production technology

•Food safety including the measure not to allow chemical

residues, harmful microorganisms and fysical contamination

•Working environment is good enough to prevent over

imployment of manpower of farmers

•Traceability of origin of products It allows to record the

whole production process begining from produccing to

realization of commodities.

In details there are necessary key factors in agricultural production such as:

- Assessment and selection of site for production

- Seedlings

- Management of soils and substrates

- Fertilizers and additives

- Water

- Chemicals using (including pesticide)

- Harvest and post-harvest treatment

- Waste management and treatment

Action plans

GAP Training program and workshop

•Training were prepared based on the need of field practices and the crops are potential and economical meaning for growers The information and

knowledge, technical guidelines/protocols have being gathered from previous research findings and reviewing by the project team based on the

farmers/technicians feedback, responses through their field practices Farmers were selected by different criteria such as land size, crops growing,

collectivity working ability, etc

Publications

•There are two technical guide books will be issued in early 2015 for GAP implementation practices So far the information and formatting are under the preparation.

•Set up network of necesssary information for dissemination of VietGAP standards for provinces, districts, communes and the list of commodities produced by VietGAP guidelines.

Vietnam delegate has attended the first planning workshop in Seoul, Korea in September, 24-28, 2012

12.1 First year: (2012.9- 2013.8)

In the first year of the project beside the management activities,

in order to fulfill the assignment on “Assessment of the status of National food safety policy and legislation system, GAP

Programs and activities, existence at production level of major fresh fruits and vegetables member countries”, the following

activities have been conducted:

Activity 1: Conduct a survey in regions growing vegetable and fruits about the agricultural products followed GAP/ VietGAPActivity 2: Assess existing documents on GAP/ VietGAP

Activities 3: Identify the target group/ areas/ crops for training

on GAP/ VietGAP

Activity 4: Collect, write and edit document on instructions of growing some key common vegetables followed VietGAP/

GAP

Technical workshop at VAAS headquarter was held in October 2012 with

aims to introduce the AFACI-GAP project, discus about GAP and VietGAP in particular for Vietnam; identify groups of needed vegetables crops, project sites, project counterparts, formulating working groups, encourage the

techniques, methodology and approach to implement the GAP guidelines

A status survey:

+ Survey of current status of vegetables producing and commercializing safe vegetables towards VietGAP in Hanoi City.

The survey showed that total vegetable productivity were 569,802.00

tons/year, of which 20% were categorized as safety standards Other

vegetables species namely leafy, tuber, fruit vegetables are also covered in the survey

Fig 1 Pruning and fertilizing guava

+ In Hanoi there are 300 sites-shops have been established for selling safe vegetables, of which 50 are under operating in resident living areas,

organizations of Thanh xuan, Ha dong, Dong da, Hoan kiem, Ba dinh

districts with the selling amount 100-150 kg vegetables per site in one week + Survey a current status and realization of safe guava in Hanoi: the area

under guava is 125 ha mainly growing in commune Cukhoi– Long bien

district having the long-term traditional fruit growing experiences with good soil properties The large area can be used for the guava GAP practices with certification of 114.5 ha.

+ Survey a current status of safe vegetables production and realization in Gia loc District, Hai duong province:

Main vegetables include winter cabbage, muskmelon with cultural practice pattern as follows: Winter Rice- Muskmelon- cabbage- kohlrabi/ cauliflower.

+ Survey a status of production and consumption of safe Thanh ha lychee in Hai duong province:

The site name: Thanh son commune, Thanh ha district, Hai duong province Scope of survey: 25 households per village The area under lychee in Thanh ha is 4,930 ha and productivity is 23,300 tons and has certified as specific geographical indication for the trade name “Thanh ha

Lychee” by the State IP Department of Vietnam

•In the survey we found that when farmers apply

advanced technologies in lychee cultivation, especialy the use of fertilizers, waterring regime and pesticide

application are considered as very important measures for lychee growth

district, Hanoi City, in October 2013 with 30 participants.

•Organized training course on “Technical protocols for green

been safe production towards VietGAP standards” in Van duc commune, Gia lam district, Hanoi City, in March 2014 with 30 participants

•Updating always the website for knowledge dissemination of safe vegetable production protocols/guideleines, goverment

policy and recommendation papers released, adviertizing the

VietGAP products available in webpage: www.gap.vietnam.com

There several articles relating to VietGAP activities

published and/or loaded in the website:

•Thanh nien newspaper: Delivering VietGAP vegetables to cinsumers” dated March 12, 2014

•Newspaper “Sai gon Giai phong” on line, “ Changing the life due to safe vegetables”, dated March 30, 2014

•Newspaper “Nong nghiep Vietnam” with article” Pineapple VietGAP give high yield”, June 30, 2014

•Website vietgap.gov.vn, article “A glance at all activities for trade promotion”, June, 11, 2014

•Newspaper “Nong nghiep Vietnam”, article: “ VietGAP

vegetables in Binhdinh province”, Mrach , 26, 2014

Uploaded in websites:

•Protocols for GAP practices for fresh safe vegetables, fruits

•Techniques for VietGAP vegetables producing

•Measures for insect pests and diseases management in

organic vegetable producing

•Techniques for tomato safe prodcution persuing VietGAP standards

•Techniques for cucumber safe production persuing

VietGAP standards

•Techniques for planting and plant care of guava safe

production persuing VietGAP standards

Assessment of activities resutls

•There is no abstacles during the project implementing, but so far the site for training course only located in near Hanoi City The other provinces such as Lao cai, Nghe an, Quang binh, are needed for such a training course

•Training course should be performed in time as crop growth timing required and baed on farmers needs

•The results of assessment of current status of prodcution and consuming of guava, vegetables, lychee in Hanoi, Hai duong showed as follows:

Constraints and difficulties in applying VietGAP:

•Although the VietGAP production of safe foods have and

being confirmed their important role, but its scope still

remains at very modest figures, taking only 0.1 % of total

cultivation areas The application of VietGAP face a number

of difficulties and constraints

Difficulties and constraints can be summarized in the

following:

•Small field size, field scatered in agricultural sector

•Knowledge and attitude of growers are still not good in

pursuing VietGAP standards

•There are some networks in safe agricultural production

(Vietnam organic association, ) have been established, but they are in weak linkage of all stages in production chain, especialy between growers and consumers

•High cost for certification for VietGAP standards, over farmer ability to pay while the beneficiary of VietGAP still unclear for all partners (farmers, consumers, policy makers,traders, )

•Farmers face difficulties in persuing all required records of

field actitivites for certification issue

• Some points in VietGAP standards are difficult for farmers

to perform and some requests are non-practicable, non-

feasible for some targets commodities

• The certification of VietGAP has not yet come to their

nature, serving the real needs of growers and traders, it

mainly conducting based on the project goals and support from the projects, programs, but not from the market

demands yet

• There are the opinions that the implementation of

VietGAP standards require a long term time, therefore, it needs to train farmer in field activities recording

• The important factor for successful safe GAP production is sustainable market The linkage between 4 stakeholders should be strong and the enterprises have to agree with

farmers in consuming their products with both side

beneficiary and convenience

- Hoàn thiện và cập nhật thường xuyên Website phổ biến kiến thức thực hành

an toàn nông nghiệp.

- Dự án đã giúp đánh giá được thực trạng việc áp dụng VietGAP trong sản xuất nông nghiệp an toàn, tuy nhiên mới đánh giá được tại Hải Dương và Hà Nội (mỗi tỉnh 01 huyện) nên chưa đánh giá được tổng quát trên diện rộng.

- Giúp tuyên truyền việc áp dụng rộng rãi thực hành nông nghiệp tốt GAP trong sản xuất trồng trọt là một giải pháp chủ yếu quan trọng trong Chiến lược phát triển ngành trồng trọt nhằm nâng cao chất lượng, đảm bảo ATTP, bảo vệ môi trường đáp ứng yêu cầu ngày càng cao của người tiêu dùng, trên cơ sở đó tăng giá trị gia tăng, hiệu quả sản xuất trồng trọt.

-Từng bước thiết lập khuôn khổ pháp lý và tổ chức thực hiện lộ trình bắt buộc áp dụng GAP trong quá trình sản xuất trồng trọt theo quy định của Luật An toàn thực phẩm năm 2011.

- Giúp một phần đẩy mạnh tổ chức liên kết sản xuất giữa nông dân và doanh nghiệp xây dựng cánh đồng lớn, vùng nguyên liệu áp dụng VietGAP;

Đánh giá chung toàn dự án

Đánh giá chung toàn dự án (Tiếp)

- Góp phần giúp địa phương tham gia tập huấn lập kế hoạch triển khai quy trình sản xuất rau, quả theo hướng VietGAP, GlobalGAP nhằm đảm bảo tiêu chuẩn chất lượng và vệ sinh an toàn thực phẩm.

- Xác định đối tượng rau, quả có tiềm năng xuất khẩu hoặc đang có thị trường để sản xuất theo tiêu chuẩn GAP

- Tuyên truyền giúp cho người sản xuất và doanh nghiệp nhận thức đúng đắn về các rào cản kỹ thuật có thể gặp phải và sự cần thiết phải thay đổi cách thức hoạt động của các doanh nghiệp trong thời gian tới.

- Cần có những đơn vị nghiên cứu, theo dõi và cung cấp các thông tin về các yêu cầu rào cản kỹ thuật triển khai việc thực hiện các hệ thống quản lý có liên quan tới chất lượng, môi trường, pháp luật của từng đối tác nhập khẩu cho các đơn vị sản xuất, chế biến, xuất khẩu và những cơ quan chức năng có liên quan nắm được.