It is difficult for old people to learn English.. We find it difficult to learn English.. Ví dụ: - The top shelf is too high for the children to reach.. 13 Ví dụ: - The top shelf is so h
Trang 1e ran too fast for me to follow ( nh y h y quá nhanh để t i h y theo)
2 S + V + so + adj/ adv + that + S + V: ( quá… đến nỗi m … )
e.g This box is so heavy that I annot take it ( hiế h p n y quá n ng đến nỗi t i
kh ng thể mang n l n đư )
e.g e speaks so soft that we an‟t hear anything ( nh y n i quá nh đến nỗi
h ng t i kh ng thể nghe đư gì)
3 It + V + such + (a/an) + N(s) + that + S + V: ( quá… đến nỗi m … )
e.g It is su h a heavy ox that I annot take it ( hiế h p n y quá n ng đến nỗi t i
kh ng thể mang n l n đư )
e.g It is su h interesting ooks that I annot ignore them at all (Nh ng u n sá h
n y quá th v đến nỗi m t i kh ng thể ph t l h ng đư )
4 S + V + adj/ adv + enough + (for someone) + to do something : ( Đủ… ho ai đ
l m gì… )
e.g She is old enough to get married ( y đã đủ tuổi để kết h n)
e.g They are intelligent enough for me to tea h them English ( ọ đủ th ng minh để
Trang 2e.g It takes me 5 minutes to get to s hool (T i m t 5 ph t để đi họ )
e.g It took him 10 minutes to do this exer ise yesterday ( nh m t 10 ph t để l m
9 S + find+ it+ adj to do something: ( th y … để l m gì… )
e.g I find it very diffi ult to learn a out English (T i th y quá khoe để họ tiếng anh)
e.g They found it easy to over ome that pro lem ( ọ th y v n đ n y quá dễ để
vư t qua)
10 To prefer + Noun/ V-ing + to + N/ V-ing ( Thí h ái gì/ l m gì hơn ái gì/ l m gì )
e.g I prefer dog to at (T i thí h h hơn m o)
e.g I prefer reading ooks to wat hing TV (T i thí h đọ sá h hơn xem TV)
11 Would rather („d rather) + V (infinitive) + than + V (infinitive: ( thí h l m gì hơn làm gì )
e.g She would play games than read ooks ( y thí h hơi đi n t hơn đọ sá h) e.g I‟d rather learn English than learn iology (T i thí h họ Tiếng anh hơn m n sinh họ )
12 To be/get Used to + V-ing: ( quen làm gì )
e.g I am used to eating with hopsti ks (T i quen v i vi d ng đ a để ăn)
13 Used to + V (infinitive): ( Thư ng l m gì trong qk v y gi kh ng l m n a ) e.g I used to go fishing with my friend when I was young (T i t ng đi u á v i
n khi t i n tr )
e.g She used to smoke 10 igarettes a day ( y tư ng h t 10 điếu xì g 1 ng y)
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14 To be amazed at = to be surprised at + N/V-ing: ( ng nhi n v … )
e.g I was amazed at his ig eautiful villa (T i r t ng nhi n v ăn i t th r t đ p
ủa anh y)
15 To be angry at + N/V-ing: ( tứ gi n v )
e.g er mother was very angry at her ad marks (M y đã r t tứ gi n v nh ng điểm k m ủa y)
16 to be good at/ bad at + N/ V-ing: ( gi i v …/ k m v … )
e.g I am good at swimming (T i ơi r t gi i)
e.g e is very ad at English ( nh y r t k m v Tiếng anh)
17 y han e = y a ident (adv): ( tình )
e.g I met her in Paris y han e last week (T i tình g p y t i Pari tu n trư c)
18 to be/get tired of + N/V-ing: ( m t m i v … )
e.g My mother was tired of doing too mu h housework everyday (M t i quá m t
20 to be keen on/ to be fond of + N/V-ing : ( thí h l m gì đ … )
e.g My younger sister is fond of playing with her dolls (Em gái t i thí h hơi p bê)
21 to be interested in + N/V-ing: ( quan t m đến… )
e.g Mrs rown is interested in going shopping on Sundays ( rown quan t m đến vi đi mua s m v o mỗi hủ nh t)
22 to waste + time/ money + V-ing: ( t n ti n ho th i gian l m gì )
e.g e always wastes time playing omputer games ea h day ( nh y lu n t n th i gian dể hơi đi n t mỗi ng y)
e.g Sometimes, I waste a lot of money uying lothes (Th nh thoảng, t i ti u t n
ti n v o vi mua qu n áo)
Trang 424 To spend + amount of time/ money + on + something: ( d nh th i gian/ti n
v o vi gì… )
e.g My mother often spends 2 hours on housework everyday (M t i d nh 2 gi mỗi ng y để l m vi nh )
e.g She spent all of her money on lothes ( y d nh t t ả ti n v o qu n áo)
25 to give up + V-ing/ N: ( t l m gì/ ái gì… )
e.g You should give up smoking as soon as possi le ( n n n t vi h t thu
s m nh t thể)
26 would like/ want/wish + to do something: ( thí h l m gì… )
e.g I would like to go to the inema with you tonight (T i thí h đi xem phim v i
n t i nay)
27 have + (something) to + Ver : ( ái gì đ để l m )
e.g I have many things to do this week (T i nhi u vi để l m trong tu n n y)
28 It + e + something/ someone + that/ who: ( hính…m … )
e.g It is Tom who got the est marks in my lass (Đ hính l Tom ngư i nhi u điểm ao nh t l p t i)
e.g It is the villa that he had to spend a lot of money last year (Đ hính l i t th
m anh y d nh ti n để mua năm ngoái)
29 ad etter + V(infinitive): ( n n l m gì… )
e.g You had etter go to see the do tor ( n n n đến g p á s )
30 hate/ like/ dislike/ enjoy/ avoid/ finish/ mind/ postpone/ practise/ consider/ delay/ deny/ suggest/ risk/ keep/ imagine/ fancy + V-ing
e.g I always pra tise speaking English everyday (T i lu n th h nh n i tiếng anh mỗi ng y)
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31 It is + tính t + ( for sm ) + to do smt : ( kh để l m gì )
e.g It is difficult for old people to learn English (Ngư i tuổi họ tiếng nh thì khó)
32 To be interested in + N / V_ing ( Thích cái gì / làm cái gì )
e.g We are interested in reading books on history ( h ng t i thí h đọ sá h v l h
s )
33 To be bored with ( Chán làm cái gì )
e.g We are bored with doing the same things everyday (Chúng tôi chán ngày nào
ng l m nh ng ng vi l p đi l p l i)
34 It‟s the first time sm have ( has ) + PII smt ( Đ y l l n đ u ti n ai l m ái gì ) e.g It‟s the first time we have visited this pla e (Đ y l l n đ u ti n h ng t i t i thăm nơi n y)
35 enough + danh t ( đủ ái gì ) + ( to do smt )
e.g I don‟t have enough time to study (T i kh ng đủ th i gian để họ )
36 Tính t + enough (đủ l m sao ) + ( to do smt )
e.g I‟m not ri h enough to uy a ar (T i kh ng đủ gi u để mua t )
37 too + tính t + to do smt ( Quá l m sao để l m ái gì )
e.g I‟m to young to get married (T i n quá tr để kết h n)
38 To want smb to do smt = To want to have smt + PII
( Mu n ai l m gì ) ( Mu n ái gì đư l m )
e.g She wants someone to make her a dress ( y mu n ai đ may ho y m t hiế váy)
= She wants to have a dress made ( y mu n m t hiế váy đư may)
39 It‟s time sm did smt ( Đã đến l ai phải l m gì )
e.g It‟s time we went home (Đã đến l t i phải v nh )
40 It‟s not ne essary for sm to do smt = Sm don‟t need to do smt
( i kh ng n thiết phải l m gì ) doesn‟t have to do smt
e.g It is not necessary for you to do this exercise ( n kh ng n phải l m i t p này)
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41 To look forward to V_ing ( Mong h , mong đ i l m gì )
e.g We are looking forward to going on holiday ( h ng t i đang mong đư đi ngh )
42 To provide sm from V_ing ( ung p ho ai ái gì )
e.g Can you provide us with some books in history? ( n thể ung p ho h ng
44 To fail to do smt (Kh ng l m đư ái gì / Th t i trong vi l m ái gì)
e.g We failed to do this exercise ( h ng t i kh ng thể l m i t p n y)
45 To be succeed in V_ing (Thành công trong vi l m ái gì)
e.g We were succeed in passing the exam ( h ng t i đã thi đỗ)
46 To orrow smt from sm (Mư n ái gì ủa ai)
e.g She borrowed this book from the liblary ( y đã mư n u n sá h n y ở thư
vi n)
47 To lend sm smt ( ho ai mư n cái gì)
e.g Can you lend me some money? ( n thể ho t i vay ít ti n kh ng?)
2 e spoke so qui kly that I ouldn‟t understand him ( nh ta n i nhanh đến mứ
m t i kh ng thể hiểu đư anh ta)
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50 N + e + su h + ( tính t ) + danh t + that + N + đ ng t
e.g It is such a difficult exercise that noone can do it (Đ l m t i t p quá kh đến nỗi kh ng ai thể l m đư )
51 It is ( very ) kind of sm to do smt ( i th t t t ụng / t tế khi l m gì)
e.g It is very kind of you to help me ( n th t t t vì đã gi p t i)
52 To find it + tính t + to do smt
e.g We find it difficult to learn English ( h ng t i th y họ tiếng nh kh )
53 To make sure of smt ( ảo đảm đi u gì ) that + N + đ ng t
e.g 1 I have to make sure of that information (T i phải ảo đảm h h n v th ng tin đ )
2 You have to make sure that you‟ll pass the exam ( n phải ảo đảm l n sẽ thi đỗ)
54 It takes ( sm ) + th i gian + to do smt ( M t ( ủa ai ) ao nhi u th i gian để l m gì)
e.g It took me an hour to do this exercise (T i m t m t tiếng để l m i n y)
55 To spend + time / money + on smt ( D nh th i gian / ti n v o ái gì)/doing smt làm gì
e.g We spend a lot of time on TV/watching TV ( h ng t i d nh nhi u th i gian xem TV)
56 To have no idea of smt = don‟t know a out smt ( Kh ng iết v ái gì )
e.g I have no idea of this word = I don‟t know this word (T i kh ng iết t n y)
57 To advise smb to do smt ( Khuyên ai làm gì/not to do smt không làm gì )
e.g Our teacher advises us to study hard ( giáo khuy n h ng t i họ hăm h )
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61 To rely on sm ( tin y, d a dẫm vào ai )
e.g You can rely on him ( n thể tin anh y)
62 To keep promise ( Gi l i hứa )
e.g e always keeps promises ( nh y lu n gi l i hứa)
63 To e a le to do smt = To e apa le of + V_ing ( khả năng l m gì )
e.g I‟m a le to speak English = I am capable of speaking English (T i thể n i tiếng nh)
64 To e good at ( + V_ing ) smt ( Gi i ( l m ) ái gì )
e.g I‟m good at ( playing ) tennis (T i hơi qu n v t gi i)
65 To prefer smt to smt ( Thí h ái gì hơn ái gì ) /doing smt to doing smt: làm gì hơn l m gì
e.g We prefer spending money than earning money ( h ng t i thí h ti u ti n hơn kiếm ti n)
66 To apologize for doing smt ( Xin lỗi ai vì đã l m gì )
e.g I want to apologize for being rude to you (T i mu n xin lỗi vì đã t l h s v i n)
67 ad ( „d ) etter do smt ( N n l m gì )/ not do smt ( Không nên làm gì )
e.g 1 You‟d etter learn hard ( n n n họ hăm h )
2 You‟d etter not go out ( n kh ng n n đi ra ngo i)
68 Would ( „d ) rather do smt (Th l m gì )/ not do smt đ ng l m gì
e.g I‟d rather stay at home (T i th ở nh n hơn)
69 Would ( „d ) rather sm did smt ( Mu n ai l m gì )
e.g I‟d rather you ( he / she ) stayed at home today (T i mu n n / anh y / y ở
Trang 9e.g You need to work harder ( n n l m vi tí h hơn)
75 To need doing ( n đư l m )
e.g This car needs repairing ( hiế t n y n đư s a)
76 To remem er doing ( Nh đã l m gì )
e.g I remember seeing this film (T i nh l đã xem phim n y)
77 To remem er to do ( Nh l m gì ) ( hưa l m ái n y )
e.g Remember to do your homework ( ãy nh l m i t p v nh )
78 To have smt + PII ( ái gì đư l m )
e.g I‟m going to have my house repainted (T i sẽ sơn l i nh ngư i khá sơn,
80 To mind doing smt ( Phi n l m gì )
e.g Do / Would you mind closing the door for me? ( n thể đ ng a gi p t i không?)
81 To e used to doing smt ( Quen v i vi l m gì )
e.g We are used to getting up early ( h ng t i đã quen d y s m)
82 To stop to do smt ( D ng l i để l m gì )
e.g We stopped to buy some petrol ( h ng t i đã d ng l i để mua xăng)
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83 To stop doing smt ( Th i kh ng l m gì n a )
e.g We stopped going out late (Chúng tôi thôi không đi hơi khuya n a)
84 Let sm do smt ( Để ai l m gì )
e.g Let him come in (Để anh ta v o)
85 S + began / started + to V/ V-ing + time ago (nh n d ng c u trúc: began/ started
to V/ Ving: b t đ u làm gì)
Viết l i thành: S + have/has + P2 / been Ving+ for / sin e …
Ví dụ: She began to play the piano 5 years ago
=> She has played/ has been playing the piano for 5 years
86 S + last + Ved + time+ ago: L n cu i cùng làm gì
=> S + have/ has +not+ for + time
=> It‟s + time+ sin e + S + last + Ved
=> The last time + S + V ed+ was + time + ago
Ví dụ: It last snowed 2 weeks ago
Trang 1111
=> It hasn‟t snowed for 2 weeks
=> It‟s 2 weeks sin e it last snowed
=> The last time it snowed was 2 weeks ago
87 This is the first time + S +have/has+P2: L n đ u làm gì
=> S +have/ has + never + P2+ before
=> S+ have/ has not+ P2+ before
Ví dụ: This is the first time I have met him
=> I have never met him before
=> I haven‟t met him efore
88 This is the Superlative (…est/ most D N) S +have/has+P2
=> S +have/ has + never + P2+ such a/an+ ADJ+ N
Trang 1212
=> S+ have/ has never+ P2+ a more + ADJ+ N than this
Đ thi minh họa 2015:
This is the most interesting novel I have ever read
=> I have never read such an interesting novel
=> I have never read a more interesting novel than this (one/ novel)
C u trúc 5,6,7,8 thay thế cho nhau linh ho t
89 S + e/V + too + adj/adv + (for someone) + to do something: Quá để cho ai làm gì
Ví dụ:
- The top shelf is too high for the children to reach
- He ran too fast for me to follow
90 S + e/V + so + adj/ adv + that + S + V+O: Quá đến nỗi mà
Trang 1313
Ví dụ:
- The top shelf is so high that the children can not not reach it
- He ran so fast that I could not follow him
Notes: Trong c u tr So… that: vế sau that là m nh đ m i nên c n có thêm O sau
V n n ta rea h it v follow him, trong khi đ ở c u tr “too” thì kh ng, á em hết sứ lưu
Còn c u trúc S + Be/V + so + many/much/little/few +N + that + S + V + O
Ví dụ: She has so much work to do that she can not go out with me tonight
She has so many things to do that she can not go out with me tonight
91 It + e/V + su h + (a/an) + (adj) + N(s) + that + S + V +O: Quá đến nỗi mà
Ví dụ:
- It is such a high top shelf that the children can not reach it
- He was such a fast runner that I could not follow him
Trang 14Ví dụ: She is too young to get married
=> She isn‟t old enough to get married
93 It‟s adj (for S ) to do sth: i đ l m gì như thế nào?
=> Doing sth be ADJ (for sb)
=> S find Ving/ it/ N + ADJ to do sth
Ví dụ: It‟s diffi ult for me to wake up early in the morning
=> Waking up early in the morning is difficult for me
=> I find waking up early in the morning difficult
=> I find it difficult to wake up in the morning
Trang 1515
(v i N) I find English interesting to study
Ví dụ: It‟s ool to try your est for what you want
=> Trying your best for what you want is cool
I find it cool to try your best for what you want
94 S+ should/ ought to/ had better+ V
Or If I were you,…
=> It‟s time for s to do sth
=> It‟s (high/ a out) time S+ did sth (thể hi n s ph n n n, h trá h “sao t i bây
gi mà vẫn hưa l m?”)
Ví dụ: You‟d etter go right now
=> It‟s time for you to go now
Trang 1616
=> It‟s time you went now
95 Although/ Though/ Even though + clause (S+V)
=> Despite / In spite of+ Noun/gerund (Ving)
=> Despite/ in spite of the fa t that S+ V,…
Ví dụ: lthough they don‟t have money, they still live happily
=> Despite no money/ having no money, they still live happily
=> In spite of the fact that they don‟t have money, they still live happily
96 S + V + so that/ in order that+ S + V (ch mụ đí h)
=> S + V + to + V
Ví dụ: She studies hard in order that she can pass the final examination
=> She studies hard to pass the final examination
97 There‟s no point in Ving: kh ng đáng, kh ng í h khi l m gì?
Trang 1717
=> It‟s no good/ no use Ving
=> It‟s not worth Ving
Ví dụ: There‟s no point in arguing
=> It‟s no good/ no use arguing
=> It‟s not worth arguing
98 Các c u tr li n quan đến câu gián tiếp
- Đ ngh : Suggest
Shall we+ V /Let's+ V /How/What about+ Ving /Why dont we + V
=> S+ suggested+ Ving: đ ngh cùng làm gì
Ví dụ: "Why don‟t we go out for a walk?” said the oy
=> The boy suggested going out for a walk
Trang 1818
- G i ho ngư i khá : “Why don‟t you+ Vo?
=> S+ suggested+ that+ S+ should/shouldn't+ V
Ví dụ: “Why don‟t you have a rest?” he said to her
=> He suggested that she should have a rest
- Cáo bu c : S accused Sb of doing sth
“You stole the money on the ta le”, she said to him
=> She accused him of stealing the money on the table
- Th a nh n ho c phủ nh n
S+ admitted/ denied+ Ving/ having P2
e said “Yes, I did”
=> He admitted stealing/ having stolen the money on the table
Trang 1919
e said: “ No, I didn‟t”
=> He denied stealing/ having stolen the money on the table
- L i khuy n (should/ought to/ had etter/ If I were you / Why don‟t you)
S + advised sb + (not) to V
“If I were you, I would save some money” she said
=> She advised me to save some money
“You shouldn‟t elieve him” ane said to Peter
=> Jane advised Peter not to believe him
- Câu m i (Would you like ?)
S+ offered Sb Sth
S+ offered to do Sth