LuAn Van T6t NghiQp SVTH: VO Minh Hoing-ia Ki hi€u Y nghia CSDL Co So Dt LipuCSS Cascading Style SheetDOM Document Object ModelDTD Document Type DefinitionHTML Hyper Text Markup Language
Trang 1TRUOIYG DAI HOC TAY PO
KHoA rY rnuAr e c6xc NGHE
a"AffiAe"6 (
Di tdi:
HO rRq wlc tiy rrN rtl ciic w'nnsrca xuic
Sinh vi€n thuc hiQn:
MSSV:0851010025
Md sd d6 tdi: KLDH 011
Thu vi€n: Trudng Dai Hgc TAy D6
L.003706
g,*u*xc s4,l r{S* r&Yfi6
Trang 2Lupn VEn T5t NghiQp SVTH: V6 Minh Hoirng
LOI CAM ON
'rrf,[Irr
nlgn de tar nay.
T6i cfing xin grii loi cim crn dtin cilc thinh viOn gia dinh, b4n
bd cria t6i dA girip <16, hd trg dgng viOn tinh thdn khi t6i gap kh6
khdn.
d6n dA tii lupn v6n, Th.S Le Thi Thu Lan Cd de tan tinh hucrng d6n
ndy.
d6ng g6p cria quy thiy c6 vi c6c b4n dC OA tai niy phrlt tri0n hoan
L.
kh6e vi thinh dat.
Sinh vi6n thUc hiOn
Trang 3Lu4n Vnn T6t NghiQP SVTH: VO Minh Hohng
NILIN XET CUA CIAO VItN HTIONG OAN
qtse)
X6c Nhfln GV Huong DAn CAn Tho, ngiy thrflng nilm2012
Gi6ng Vi0n Hu6ng DEn
X"v pr"rg Vt ebsite Tin Tric C6 H5 Trq L5y Tin Tir Website Kh6c Trmg2
Trang 4Lu4n Van Tdt Nghiep SVTH: VO Minh Hodng
'
I\IHAN XET CUA GIAO VIEN PHAN BIEN
ogSe)
X6c Nhan GV Phin Biqn CAn Tho, ngey thdng nilm20l2
Giang Vi6n Phin BiQ
Trang 5Lupn Vin T6t NghiQp SVTH: V6 Minh Hohng
1.4 Hu6ng gi6i quyOt v6n d0
CHTJONG II: CO SO LV TTTUY T
2.1 TONG QUAN VE HTMI
2.1.1 Gi6i
2.1.2 Cdltruc trang web:
2.1.3 C6c the HTML th6ng dsng: 11 2.1.3.1 Thd <head> <head>
2.2.5 Chi:r CSS vdo vio HTML
2.3 Tim hi6u vC PFIP
t7
18
I9
l9
Trang 6Luin Vin Tdt NghiQp SVTH: VO Minh Hoirng
2.3.1 Gi6ithiQu - ' 19
2.3.2Lichst ph6t trian PFIP - - " -.20
2.3.3 Circ thenh phAn trong PHP 20
2.3.4 PHP vd Form -. - -.- 22
2.3.5 Thao t6c CSDL trong PHP - 24
2.3.6 Session trong PHP - -25
2.4 GilithiQu co s0 dt lieu MYSQL 26
2.4.1I<hAi niQm 26
2.4.2 CLc kiilu dt liQu trong co sd dft lieu MySQL . - : 27
2.4.3 Phatbi6u SQL thao tiic dft lieu 27
2.4.4 phpMyAdmin - C6ng cg qu6n tri Mysql -27
2.5 Gi6i thieu vC ph6n tich thitit tti ne th5ng - -.28
2.5.1l<hili niQm v0 hQ thting 28
2.5.1 Chc giai tlopn phin tfch ttri6t tti hQ th6ng th6ng tin -29
cHuoNG IIr: NoI DLING VA KET QUA NGHIEN Cw 30
3.1 Nghi0n ciru hQ th6ng ' 30
3.1.1 Phucrng ph6p thu thflp thdng tin 30
3.1.2 M6 ti hQ th6ng 30
3.2 Phdn tich hq th6ng vi thi6t k(! md hinh 31
3.2.1 M6 hinh dt liQu quan niqm(MCD) 31
3.2.2Md hinh vflt ly PDM 32
3.23 Giei thu4t 35
3.3 f6t qu6 d4t dugc 38
3.3.1 Sitemap cria website 38
3.3.2Trang di6u khi6n cho qudLn tri vi6n 40
3.4Hanchti 46
KET LUAN 47
ftit tu4n 47
Hudng ph6t tri6n website 47
PHU LUC 48
TAr LrEU THAM KHAO 56
Trang 7Lupn Van TOt NghiQp SVTH: VO Minh Hoing
Trang 8Lupn Van T6t Nghiqp SVTH: Vd Minh Hoing
Website li mQt noi dtl cho chfng ta tim ki6m, trao tt6i th6ng tin Trong thoi dpi internet bung n6 nhu hiQn nay lugng th6ng tin ngiy cdng phong phir da dpng, ddi h6i
chring ta cAn c6 m$t trang web dii cung c6p th6ng tin d5n cho mqi nguli.
Website rin tuc c5 h5 trg l6y tin ti: website khSc di tap hqp dugc c6c nguiin tin cin
l5y de $ry chctin tuc cin thi5t C6c tin tuc dugc hQ th6ng lly dddugc trfch lgc d0 lopi bo
di citcphAn kh6ng cAn thi6t vi kh6ng li€n quan d6n tin tuc dugc lAy vC v6i c6c gi6i thuat
kh6c nhau arii vOi ngu6n tin c6 cung c6p RSS vd c6c ngudn kh6ng cung cdp RSS v6i c5c
chirc n6ng thOm, stra, x6a, tim ki6m cira ngudi quin tri
OC tai ndy nghidn cr?u xdy dUng website t{p hqp tin dti d6ng tin vi giirp cho nhi
qu6n ly tap hqp tin tuc tu nhi6u ngu6n kh6c nhau dga trOn c6c c6ng cU tp tlQng l5y tin tu
,l
c6c ngu6n dd dugc cqp nhQt.
Abstract
Website is a place for us to search and exchange information In the era of internet
website to provide information to everyone.
News Website which supports to get information from other websites had gathered
the necessary data sources The news which was taken by this system has been extracted
to remove unnecessary and unrelated parts With the sources have been provided RSS,
website bases on automatic tools to get information from the sources which have been up
dated.
XAy Dgng Website Tin Tirc C6 H5 Trq L6y Tin Ttr Website Khrlc TrartgT
Trang 9LuAn Van T6t NghiQp SVTH: VO Minh Hoing
-ia
Ki hi€u Y nghia
CSDL Co So Dt LipuCSS Cascading Style SheetDOM Document Object ModelDTD Document Type DefinitionHTML Hyper Text Markup Language
ooP Obj ect-Oriented Pro gramming
PHP PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
SQL Structure Query LanguageXHTML eXtensible Hyper Text Markup Language
XML eXtensible Markup Language
Xdy D1mg Website Tin Tric C5 H6 Tro Tin Tir Website Kh6c
Trang 10Lupn Van T6t NghiQp SVTH: VO Minh Hoing
Nhu chring ta ddbi(:tngiy nay c6ng nghQ thdng tin de vd dang ph6t tririn v6i t6c dd
V6i sg girip dd c:fia cdc c6ng cp tim ki6m nhu google, yahoo nguli dtng c6 th6 nhanh
kh6c" dugc xdy dpg nhim muc dfch tr6n Cirng v6i su ph6t tritin m?nh m6 cria c6ng
nghQ th6ng tin thi dC tai tr6n sC girip fch nhi6u trong vigc khai th6c, tim ki6m nhirng th6ngtin md chring ta cAn quan tdm.
1.2 Lich sri gifri quy6t vin tI6
RSS (Really Simple Syndication) ld tIffi dang dfr liQu dga theo chuAn XML dugc
sri dung d6 chia se vi ph6t t6n nQi dung Web.
website kh6c" dd rlugc nhi6u c6 nh6n, doanh nghiQp nghiOn cr?u vd ph6t tri6n nhu
Nukeviet, DalatSME, Web design, Nhfrng d1r 6n d6 gAn nhu dI hodn thi6n v6 v6n d€
tu trang kh6ng cung.c6p RSS, cfing c6 nhirng dp 6n c6 th6 6y tin tu
nhong m5i tAn chi l5y dugc tu mgt ngu6n.
vi dd dpt dugc ktlt qu6 ttit d6 ln de l5y duoc cdc tin v0 kirim duy6t ua rrro drng l6n trang
web nhrmg b€n cpnh d6 thi module ndy cdn hpn ch6 d6 chinh ld chi l6y duqc c6c tin tucc6 cung c6p RSS.
Nhirng di6u tr6n thric dAy mQt c6ch titip cQn m6i trong vidc xay dlmg website c6
Trang 11Luin Van T6t NghiQp SVTH: Vd Minh Hodng
1.3 PhSm vi ad tii
Website dugc x6y dpg nhim h5 trq cho viQc l6y tin Eu dQng tu c5c ngu6n tin ho[ccap nhat thri cdng c6c tin tuc md chring ta quan t6m, c6c chtic nlng qufur ly, c4p nhit tin
tuc
' 1.4 Hurinrg giii quy5t v6n tlii
Xu6t ph6t tu yOu ciu trOn, aC tai se dugc gi6i quytit theo hudng sau:
o Tim hi6u, xric ttinh ngudn tin cin 16y.
o Dua vio ktit qu6 phin tich xdy dlrng c6c tool nOi ttit l6y tin
o Lga chgn c6c ng6n ngt, c6ng nghg de x6y dpg website:
Trang 12Lu4n Vdn TOt NghiQP SVTH: V6 Minh Hohng
Hrprr-2.1.1 Gi6i thiQu:
dqng trong c6c tAi liQu si6u v6n bAn Dtrtrang web tinh hay dQng dii ngudi dirng th6y dugc
b6n trong theo quy 1u0t nh6t dinh, HTML chi quy dinh cri ph6p kh6ng ph6n biet chir hoa
,J.rru r"i"** b6 r.i6- so6t dugc c6u truc trang rveb hiQn thuc dcn ngutri dirng Internet
nhu thtf nio chring ta cin nghien criu c6u truc trang web vd the HTML'
2.1.2 Cdatrric trang web:
ndy c6 nghia ld trong thO <head>, b4n c6 th$ khai bin cilc thd nhu <title>, <meta)'
<link>,
2.1.3.2 Th6 <titlP </titlP
Th6 ndy cho ph6p ban trinh biy chuSi tren thanh t.ua d0 cria trang web mdi khi
trang web d6 dugc duyqt tr€n trinh duyQt web'
Trang 13Lu4n Van T6t Nghiep SVTH: Vd Minh Hodng
2'1'3'3;il;6
b6o cilcthe kh6c vi nQi dung mu,5n trinh bdy tr6n trang rveb trong th6 niy
Tuy nhi6n, chirng ta c6 thiS sir dgng c6c thu$c tinh hay phuong thric cira Java script d6
hi6n thihay che d6u chfrng tuy mgc dich.
2.1.3.4 Thd ilinh d?ng
The dinh aa"g lirng d6 thay aOi gOc nhin tryc quan cria nQi dung (look and feel),
d6 trang web da d4ng vi sinh dQng, nhiOu the dinh dpng dugc su dqng'
2.1.3.4.1 Th6 <div> </div>
hgp muiin canh diiu mQt do4n vdn bin ta c6 th6 sir dqng th6 <div> v6i c6c thuQc tinh algin
li center hay justiff.
2.1.3.4.2 Th6 <p> .</P>
th6 <p> NQi dung nim trong thd mo <p> ve th6 d6ng </p> sE tu dong xu5ng ddng.
2.1.3.4.3 Th6 <font> .</font>
Th6 niy cho ph6p dinh dang mQt chuSi hay m$t doqn v[n vdi kitiu cht kich thu6c
vd mdu nhat dinh Trong th6 <font> ta cAn khai b6o thu$c tffi face v6i tOn ki6u cht nhu
XaV OUng Wibrit Tin Tric C6 H5 Trq L5y Tin Tri Website Kh5c
Trang 14Lupn Vin T6t Nghiep SVTH: Vd Minh Hodng
2,1.3,4.4 Th6 <b> <lb>, <i> </i>, <u> </u>
The <b> cho ph6p ban dinh d?ng v[n ban in dam (bold), th6 <i> dc <linh d4ng van
b6n in nghi6ng (italic), th6 <u> cho ph6p dinh dang vIn bin in gpch du6i (underline) DC
NCu mu6n trintr Uay dang bing tr6n trang web ta can khai b6o th6 <table> ctng v6i
1 Nguy6n vin A
Ta lim nhu sau:
Trang 15Lu4n V6n T6t NghiQp SVTH: VO Minh Hoing
internet, dia chi email, yahoo messenger ta dirng the <a> v6i thuQc tinh href bing dia chiURL mi chring ta cin tro d6n.
2.1.3.7 Th6 <input>
Th6 <input> c6 m6t s6 thuQc tinh m5i thuQc tinh quy tlinh chric ning ri6ng
r name: chi ttinh cho t$n th6 T€n niy sE dugc grii l6n mriy chir cung v6i gi6
+ value: X6c ttinh gi6tri dflt trudc cho th6.
+ type: ThuQc tinh niy c6 mQt s6 gi6 tri sau :
o Submit: SE x6c dinh mOt nrit b6m (submit) md khi kich chuQt vio d6,
o Text: Hi6n thi mQt 6 vin bin cho phdp ngudi sri dgng nh{p ven ban.
o Password: Hitin th! 6 vin ban de nhflp password.
+ Checkbox: hiiin thi nhi6u lga chgn cho nguoi dirng chqn' n6u ngudi dung
xay Du"g website Tin Tric C6 H5 Trq L6y Tin Tir Website Kh6c Trang 14
<html>
Trang 16Lu4n V[n T6t Nghiep SVTH: Vd Minh Hodng
+ radio: tuong lu nhu checkbox nhung chi cho ph6p ngudi dtng tl6nh dAuvio mQt trong tuy chqn cho Ph6P.
*reset: d4ng reset cho bpn phpc h6i nhiing dt liQu d5 chqn hay t15 nh{p tr0n
cilc th6 <input> hay n6i c6ch kh6c ld phUc frOi at fiQu tr0n trang web vii trpng th5i
<input type: "password" name: "pass')</p>
<input Upe = "submit" value: "ok')
</form>
2.1.3.8 ThG <select>
Cho ph6p ngudi dtrng chgn trong danh s6ch pnan tu duqc dinh nghia tru6c
sau:
<select name: "luachon")
<option value: "giatril'> nQi dungl </option>
<option value: "giatril') nQi dung2 </option>
</select>
Trong d6:
C6c the option x6c dM gi6 tri cria tdn bii5n trong th6 select niiu tlugc chgn Gi6 tri
sE dugc g6n vdo bitin nim trong thuQc tinh value cira th6 option
Trang 17Lupn Van T6t NghiQp SVTH: Vd Minh Hoang
{p}username:
<input type: "text" nrune: "ten" ><lp>
<p>Password:
<input type: "password" name: "pass')</p>
<option value: "l")nam </option>
<option value: "0") nfi </option></select>
<input type: "submit" value= "ok")
</form>
2.1.3,9 Th6 <Form>
Thd <Form> c6 c6c thuQc tinh sau:
ki6u POST hay GET.
tr6n 6 Address du6i fung cdc cdp t6n: gi6-tri.Nhugc di6m cria kiiSu ndy ld toin b9 LIRL
i .^ ,.1 a ,
^FF | .vir chu6i t6n : girl_tri kia sE b! gi6'i h4n du6i 255 kl t.u (do dpc diOm cria trinh duyQt) Vi
vpy t16 c6 thti grii nhiAu dfi lieu hcrn, ngudi ta da sinh ra ki6u POST V6i ki6u ndy, dft ligu
sE kh6ng bi gi6i h4n chi6u diLi 255 tV fu cria chudi dia chi do kh6ng bi gQp vdo chu6i dia
chi mir dugc d6ng thinh dt liQu g6i vi gui d6n server Ki6u POST cfing thucmg dung dii
(password ching h4n).
<form action: "trangcanden.php" method: "post"
<iform>
Trang 18Luin Van T6t Nghiqp SVTH: V6 Minh Hoirng
o Sri dqng tryc ti6p kdm v6i c6c the HTML (Inline Style Sheet).
Dinh nghia trong I trang web (Internal Style Sheet).
2.2.2 SV ra tlli crla CSS:
li bAng", bing c6ch sri dpng c6c the <H1>, <P>, <TABLE>, C6ch Uti tri v6n bin niy
dugc qui dinh bdi trinh duyQt web vi kh6ng c6 b6t cri mQt th6 nio dC dinh d4ng vdn ban.
Dtin c6c trinh duyQt th6 he sau d{c biet le Nescape vd Internet Explorer ti6p tgc dua th6m
mi nQi dung cria n6 bi t6ch rli kh6i c6ch bti tri
Style trong phi6n bin HTML 4.0 qui tlinh c6ch thric th6 hiQn c6c the HTML tuongtrrr nhu the <FONT> hay thuQc tinh COLOR trong HTML 3.2 Style thudng dugc luu
trong c6c file nim ngoii trang web Chring girip b4n c6 th6 thay dOi cach thric dinh dang
AOi t+i todn bQ miu s6c, c6ch tlinh d4ng cira c6c ti6u <16, nQi dung b4n m6i hi6u 16 t6c
CSS cho ph6p chring ta diAu khi6n crich tlinh d4ng vi crich bti tri cria cirng lfc
bpn c6 thC dinh nghia 1 file CSS cho c6c the HTML vi 6p dgng n6 vdo nhi6u trang web
md bpn mu5n EO thay AOi tOng th6 c6c trang web niy ban chi dcrn gian li thay AOi nteCSS vi tit circ5c trang dd 6p dpng sE dugc thay AOi mQt c6ch t.u dQng.
Nhu tr6n d6 n6i, ta c6 th6 sri dgng nhi6u c6ch kh6c nhau di5 hm CSS Di6u gi sE
.A
Trang 19Luln Van T6t NghiQp SVTH: V6 Minh Hoing
Theo mgt c6ch chung nhdt rac6 th6 n6i c5c style cira bpn s0 dugc "x6p ting" (cascade).
HTML)
2.2.4 Ctt ph6p cria CSS:
Cri ph6p cria CSS dugc tpo nOn b&i 3 thanh phAn:
$ cia tri (Value)
Cti ph6p cria CSS dugc th6 hiQn nhu sau:
Selector{
Properfy2 :Yalve2;
)
Selector thudmg li c6c the HTML mi bpn mu5n dinh nghia th6m Property li thuQc
tinh mi b4n mu6n thay d6i, m6i mQt thuQc tinh cAn ph6i c6 mQt gi5 tri MQt thuQc tfnh vd
.i
trong cflp ddu ngoflc nhqn ({}).
hay ttlnh nghia nhi0u thuQc tinh:
P{
)
Trang 20Lupn VIn T6t Nghiqp SVTH: VO Minh Hodng
2.2.5 Chdn CSS vio vio HTML
CSS de qui dlnh cho n6 Theo nhu phAn thf tg citc dM dAng, ta c6 3 c6ch chdn CSS vdo trang web cria minh
:q Vdi External Style ( Su dirng file CSS duqc dfnh nghia thenh I file riOng):
PFIP: vi6t tat cta PFIP Hypertext Preprocessor, mQt itlnh nghia mang tinh dQ quy
kh6 kh6 hi6u, li mQt ng6n ngt lpp trinh kich bin hay mQt lopi mA lQnh chir y6u dugc ding
dO ph6t triiSn c6c img dpng vi6t cho m5y chri N6 r6t thich hgp v6i web vd c6 the dE dnng
nhring vdo trang HTML Do dugc tdi uu h6a cho chc trng dgng web, t6c dQ nhanh, nh6 ggn, cri ph6p gi6ng C vi Java, dE hgc vd thli gian xdy dUng s6n phAm tucrng d6i ngin hon
Trang 21Lupn Van T6t NghiQp SVTH: Vd Minh Hodng
Apache, Microsoft IIS, cfing nhu nhiE:u h0 diCu hinh nhu Unix, Mac OS, Windows
Ngdn ngfr, c6c thu viQn, tii liQu g6c ctra PFIP dugc xiy dpg boi cQng ddng vi c6
nghiQp.
2.3.2Lich sir phrlt tri6n PHP
nghy nay.
d6i xem ai dang dgc tdi liQu cria 6ng ta DAn dAn, ngudi tab6t dAu thfch c5c do4n Script
l\ttnlYYnr'
nhy vd sau d6 dd xuAt bin mQt g6i c6ng c1r c6 t6n ii "Personai Home Pages" (nghia ddu
ti6n cira PHP) Ong ta dI vi6t m6t co chti nhring vi ktSt hqp v6i mQt sti c6ng cp kh6c tt6
phdn tfch diu vio tu c6c mdu biiiu HTML: FI, tuc Form Interpreter hay Phi6n dich bi6u m6u, dugc tt4t tOn la PUPIU hay PFIP2 N6 dugc hodn thdmh vio khoing gita n5m 1995.
hon, vi ilQi ngt phSt tri6n dE thay AOi tu mQt ngudi duy nhdt thenh m$t nh6m c6c nhi
ph6t trii5n ndng ctit trong dg 6n, vd n6 d5 dugc t6 chric ho6 D6 li sg b5t diu cria PHP3.
-,J
viro ng6n ngft bdng c6ch vi6t c6c module cho n6 Ciu truc cira ng6n ngtr dI dugc tinh ch6,
duqc k6t cAu thAn thiQn hon A6i vOi nhfrng ngudi d6n tu c6c ng6n ngt hu6ng tttii tuqng
hay citc ngdn ngt hu6ng thri tuc Nr5u ban da bi6t mQt vdi ng6n ngt lpp trinh khSc thi khid6n v6i PHP, bpn sE kh6ng cim th6y kh6 kh[n
2.3.3 Cic thinh phfln trong PHP
: - | -' - - - "
OO nhring md PFIP trong HTML t6t AAu bing <?php vi d6ng lai bing ?> Ching hpn bpn
mu5n khai b6o mE PFIP trong trang web dii in ra c6u "welcome to PHP"
Trang 22Lupn Vin Tdt Nghiep SVTH: VO Minh Hodng
Th6 <?php vi the ?> sE drlnh d6u sU bit diu vd sU k6t thric ctra phAn md PHP qua
d6 m6y chri bitit dC xu ly vi dfch md cho dring E6y ln mQt di€m kh5 tiqn lgi cua PFIP
giao diQn img dqng HTTP
nhu C++ hay Java, nhung khSc bipt o ch5 khi khai b6o takhdng cin phAi chi dinh ki6u dfr
bi6n dugc dlt giatrithi ki6u c6 bi5n mdi dugc t.Lr dQng x6c dfnh.
$a: 1 ; lldity ld kiOu integer
$a: "1"' lldix lirki6u strins
Cdc c*ttruc di€u khitin nhu c5u truc diAu kiQn if else , switch, vdng 16p for,
cflng dE ddng cho nhirng ngudi mdi hgc lpp trinh do hg khdng cAn phii tdp crich ph6n biQt
gita ngdn ngfr ndy hay ng6n ngt kh6c.
$x: 5;
if($r:5)
Trong vi du tr6n, ta cdn th6y sg xu6t hiQn cria him dugc sri dgng nhiAu nh6t trong
Trang 23Lupn Vdn Tdt NghiQp SVTH: VO Minh Hoing
cSck€tqud ngudi lap trinh mong mrr5n du6i d4ng nQi dung HTML Ngodi ra,ta ctng c6
Hai hdm thulng dugc sri dgng kh6c li include vd require, vdi mqc dfch ch6p do4n
code dd dugc dinh nghia tru6c o mQt trang khric vio trang hiQn tpi Nhmg chring cdn dugc t4n dpng d0 t4o li€n k6t gifa cilctrangweb don 16 vi didu hu6ng website Cri ph6p:
include("ducrng dir/ t€n file.php");
require( "dudmg a6n/ t0n file.php");
dpng hai c6ch truydn dt li6u, d6 le "GET" vi "POST" Cfrng c6 nghia h, PHP sC dirng
(?) Vi dp, ta thuong th6y c6c URL c6 dang sau:
b6ng cSch ph6n c6ch chring bdi d6u &
mang c6 t6n le S-GET[] de nem gia tdt ch cilc cflp biiin vi gi5 tr! t16, trong d6, chi s5 cria
Trang22
Trang 24Lu$n Ven Tdt NghiQp SVTH: Vd Minh Hoing
m6ng chinh li mQt chuSi mang t6n cira t6n bi6n vd gi6 tri cira chi s6 d6 chinh ld gi5 trf cua
bi6n do trinh duyQt grli 10n Vi dg, v6i dia chi URL tr6n thi PF{P sC t.u d0ng sinh ra mQt
ming $_GET c6 nQi dung sau: $_GET["artID"1 : 161 Nhu vAy PFIP de nhan thinh c6ng
ndy c6 chi sd chinh li t6n ctra c6c phAn tu trong form (c6c th6 input, select, c6 thuQc tinh
name) vd giri tri li nQi dung girl trf do ngudi su dqng nh4p vio c6c phdn tri c6 t€n tuong
img Vi du trong mQt form HTML c6 ddng input nhu sau:
, <input type: "text" name= ooten">
N6u ta nhflp nQi dung ddng d6 ld "Nam" vi gui dt liQu di (submit) thi ming $-POST se
Cookies ld mQt phin dt iiQu duqc luu tr6n m6y kh6ch M6i khi m6y kh6ch gui mQt
y6u cAu tdi mrly chri ndo d6, thi n6 sE giri phAn dt liQu dugc luu trong cookie tucrng imgvdi m6y chir d6 Ngudi ta thulng dirng cookies dO luu trft c5c th6ng tin c6 1i6n quan d5n
nhi6u "phiQn" ldm viQc khilc nhau Vi giao thfc HTTP li giao thirc kh6ng luu tr4ng th6i,n$n cookies dugc sinh ra Oe tam nhiQm vu luu trft mQt s5 Uiiin trpng th6i dC khic phr,rcnhuoc tti6m niy
Khric v6i dft liQu gili tu form ("POST" hay "GET") thi cookies sC dugc trinh duyQt t.u d$ng gui di theo m6i lAn truy cpp l6n m6y chu Trong qu6 trinh lirm viQc, cookie e6 th6
bf thay AOi gia tri Cookie sE bf v6 hieu ho6 n5u cria sO trinh duyQt diAu khi€n cookie dong
l4i vi cookie ni5t tfrOi gian c6 hiqu lUc Theo m{c dinh, th}i gian "s6ng" ctta cookies li tdn
Trong PHP, de gui cookie xu6ng trinh duyQt ,ta cb thti sri dpng him setcookie:
setcookie ( string name [, string value [, int expire [, string path [, string domain [, intsecurelllll
Trong d6:
b string name: ChuSi mang t6n cria cookie.
9 string value: ChuSi mang gi|tri cira cookie tucrng img v6i t6n dI cho.
I int expire: Thdi gian fr6t nan cria cookie.
XAy Dlmg Website Tin Tfrc C6 H5 Trq LAy Tin Tir Website Kh6c Trang23
Trang 25LuQn Vdn Tdt NghiQp SVTH: V6 Minh Hoing
b string path: Dulng d6n ctra cookie (iltin 1 thu mgc ndo d6 tr€n m6y chri Tham s6
S string domain: cookie niy sC dugc gui t6i domain ndo?
C5c tham s5 trong cflp dAu ngo{c vudng la tu} chgn.
2.3.5 Thao tic CSDL trong PHP
Th6ng thudng, trong mQt img dgng c6 giao ti6p v6i CSDL, ta ph6i ldm theo bdn
N6u nhu trong lap trinh thdng thulng tren Windows su dpng c5c chucrng trinh di€u
khi6n trung gian (ADO, ODBC, ) dC thUc hien k6t n6i ve truy vin, thi trong PFIP, khi l4p
trinh tuong t6c v6i CSDL, chfng ta thu&ng sri dirng th6ng qua c6c him
Trong Ae tai ndy, sinh vi6n thuc hiQn st dr,rng DBMS MySQL v6i li do ddy ld hQ
c6ng cp phpmyadmin C6ng cg ndy dugc cdi dAt sAn tr6n cdc m6y chir h5 trq MySQL vi
Trang 26Lupn VEn Ttit Nghigp SVTH: VO Minh Holng
mysql-query($query) Truy v6n ktit thric t4i ddy.
bi6n Vi dB: $result: mysql-query($query) Sau d6 ta sC cho hi6n thi k6t qui tri uO bang c6ch chuy6n c6c dfi liQu tri vA thinh d4ng m6ng v6i him mysql-fetch-array0: $row :
mysql_fetch_array($result) VtSi tin gqi thi him niy s€ xu6t I hang vio ming $row Ta
2.3.6 Session trong PHP
Trang web HTML thdng thunng sC ko th6 truyOn dfr liQu tu trang niy sang trang
Di6u niy g6y kh6 kh[n cho mQt s6 c6ng viQc nhu li mua hdng (shopping carts) - nhfingthri cAn thir5t dt liQu (sin phAm nguli ding d5 chqn) ghi nhd tir trang ndy sang trang kh6c.
nhflp cria c5c thinh vi6n Tuy nhi0n nhirng th6ng tin session ndy chi li t4m thdi vi thucrng
bi xo5 di ngay khi ngudi dirng rli kh6i trang web d5 dirng session.
n6 dugc d[t ngay tr€n ttAu trong dopn code, tru6c khi HTML dugc xu6t ra Du6i d6y ln 1
N6u mu6n ktit hqp session vi m6ng de lrru th6ng tin vd l6y rakhi cAn, ta c6
thti ldm nhu sau:
<?php
session_start0;
$_SESSION['giatri'1: Ulluu gi6 tri vdo bi5n
echo "gi6 tri" $_SESSIoN['giatn'l/lLdy giStri dti xem
'l>
Trang 27Lupn V[n T6t ].{ghiQp SVTH: VO Minh Hoing
Cfrng vdi session, ndu ta 6p dqng hArn ki6m tra isset0, ta c6 th6 ki5m tra tr4ng thrii
M[c du dfr lieu trong session chi mang tinh chSt tam th]i vi n6 kh6ng y6u cAu phii
x6a sau khi su dung, nhung c6 ttr6 trong trudng hcr,p nlo d6 ta cAn x6a dfr lieu cila n6 cho mgc dich cria minh
HEy tucmg tugng b4n dang dieu hdnh mQt doanh nghiQp online, vi mQt thinh vi6n
dang dirng website cira bpn mua mQt m6n hing Thenh vi6n d6 dd hodn tAt viec mua hdng
(phi6n giao dich) tr€n website, do d6 ban phii x6a mqi thir trong session sau khi viQc ndy
nh6m LAMP (Linux - Apache -MySQL - PffP)
diAu hnnh cung c6p mQt hp th5ng l6n c5c hdm tiQn ich r6t m4nh.V6i t6c dQ vi tinh b6o
mi6n phi hoin toin cho n€n b?n c6 th6 tai vO MySQL tu trang cht
NetBSD, Novell NetWare, SGI Irix, Solaris, SunOS,
Trang 28Luin Vdn T6t NghiQp SVTH: Vd Minh Hoing
su dirng Ng6n ngfr truy vAn c6 c6u truc (SQL)
2.4.2 Cfic ki6u dtt tiQu trong co s& dif hQu MySQL
hqp ki6u ch6m dQng ta cin phii ghi rd bao nhi€u sO sau dAu phAn 16.
A
so
thi0n).
, Lo?i thri hai li text hay Blob
' Lo?i tht ba li Enum vd Set.
G6m c5c phrit bi6u sau :
o SELECT (Truy v6n m6u tin)
o INSERT (Th€m m6u tin)
2.4.4 phpMyAdmin - C6ng cg quin tr! Mysql
v6i MySQL Cdc chric nlng thudrng dugc sri dgng nh6t dugc hd trg boi giao diQn nguoi
dtng (quin ly co scv dfr liQu, bing bi6u, c6c linh vuc, quan hQ, c6c chi mgc, nguli st
^l
dpng, phdn quy0n cho ph6p, v.v ), trong khi b4n vdn cdn c6 khi ning truc tiOp thirc
,x
h6 trg ci ngdn ngfr LTR (left to right - tr6i sang phei) vi RTL (right to left - phii sang
tr6i)
fO tri phi6n bin 3.0.0, phpMyAdmin de tham gia phong trdo GoPHP5 vd b6 md