luyện thi ielts IDEAS for IELTS topics by IELTS fighter

Lời nĩi đỉu: Các em thân møn, Trong cuĈn IELTS Writing task 2 do IELTS Fighter biên sộn các thỉy cĆ đã dành thĘi gian nĩi khá rõ trong viûc lưn Ğ tđĚng cho mċt bài thi Viøt IELTS.. Cơtrí

Một số hột động Ĕhotĕ của IELTS Fighter

trong thời gian tới

ngày 01 đến 31/03/2017)

 Đëng kĞ tham gia täi:https://goo.gl/xbwspc

 Đëng kĞ tham gia täi:https://goo.gl/zM197k

Lđu Ğ: Các chĎ đ÷ offline sơ thay đĉi theo sĈ lỉn offline

 Theo dõi täi: https://www.facebook.com/ielts.fighter/

Lịch khai giâng täi IELTS Fighter

 Xem chi tiøt: https://goo.gl/f8E7yW

IELTS Fighter – trung tâm luyện thi IELTS hàng đỉu Việt Nam

Cė sĚ 1: 254 Hồng Văn Thái– Thành Xuân – Hà Nơi

Cė sĚ 2: 44 Trỉn Quốc Hồn– Cỉu Giçy – Hà Nċi

Cė sĚ 3: 410 Xã Đàn– ĐĈng Đa – Hà Nċi

Cė sĚ 4: 350 đường 3/2–Quên 10 – TP Hć Chí Mình

Website: http://ielts-fighter.com

Fanpage: https://www.facebook.com/ielts.fighter

Lời nĩi đỉu:

Các em thân møn,

Trong cuĈn IELTS Writing task 2 do IELTS Fighter biên sộn các thỉy cĆ đã dành thĘi gian nĩi khá rõ trong viûc lưn Ğ tđĚng cho mċt bài thi Viøt IELTS Cơtrích läi 3 độn sau đù các em hiùu rĄ hėn tỉm quan trąng cĎa Ideas nhé:

Chính vì vêy mà các thỉy cơ täi IELTS Fighter đã chung tay cČng nhau biên sộn ra cuĈn sách Ideas for IELTS topics đù giúp các em cĩ thêm ý cho IELTS Writing task 2

CuĈn sách đđĜc tham khâo tĒ cuĈn sách v÷ Ideas for IELTS cĎa tác giâAdam Smith và Simon, tuy nhiên các thỉy cĆ đã chþnh sĔa läi cho phù hĜp vęi các hąc sinh Viût Nam đù giúp các em hąc têp tĈt hėn

Đðc biût, cuĈn sách cān đđĜc các thæy cô dành rçt nhi÷u thĘi gian và công sēc đù giâi thích các ideas và ghi chú các tĒ vĖng cùng các cĐm tĒ liên quan

Phæn 3: Các ideas đđĜc nêu ra cho vçn đ÷ trên

Phæn 4: Giâi thích các ideas và các tĒ vĖng, ĞĖ đi kñm vęi các ideas trên

Nhđ vêy, vęi xây dĖng tài liûu nhđ trưn cďng nhđ các chĎ đ÷ xuyên suĈt cĎa

IETLS thì các thỉy cơ tin rìng các em hồn tồn cĩ thù đĎ Ğ đù chinh phĐc

điùm cao cho phỉn thi IELTS Writing – task 2

Đåy sơ là tài liûu khơng thù thiøu trong khi luỷn Viøt IELTS mà trung tâm dành

tðng các em nhé!

Một số điểm lưu ý khi sử dụng tài liệu:

1 Các em nên sử dụng kèm với các tài liệu IELTS Writing khác

- Đåy là tài liûu sĔ dĐng đù lçy ý (ideas) cho phỉn thi IELTS Writing task 2

nên các em cỉn phâi cỉn cĩ các tài liûu khác đ÷ luỷn kĠ nëng Viøt cĎa

mình

- Các em cĩ thù tham khâo thêm bċ tài liûu IELTS Writing cĎa IELTS Fighter

(inbox fanpage đù hđęng dén cách nhên bċ tài liûu nhé)

2 Khi nào nên học IELTS Writing?

- Các em lđu Ğ rìng, Writing là ĔkĠ nëng raĕ (phỉn này cĆ đã nĂi khá kĠ

trên fanpage rći) nên các em Beginner thì khơng nên hąc IELTS Writing

ngay mà têp trung vào Listening và Reading – là 2 ĔkĠ nëng vàoĕ Khi đät

tęi band điùm 4,0-4,5 thü các em nưn Ĕtêp tànhĕ vęi Writing bìng task 1

và task 2 sau đĂ

- Ngồi ra, khi các em hąc Listening và Reading sơ câi thiûn khá nhi÷u

phỉn ideas cďng nhđ các kĠ nëng khác đù bĉ trĜ cho IELTS Writing và

Speaking

3 Cuốn sách phù hợp với IELTS Speaking (part 2 – cue card)

- CuĈn sách đđĜc biên sộn đù các em hồn tồn cĩ thù sĔ dĐng cho

phỉn thi IELTS Speaking, tuy nhiưn các em nưn lđu Ğ phỉn Speaking là vën

nĂi đù áp dĐng tĈt hėn nhị!

Cơ Trà My – thỉy Dương

Trung tâm luỷn thi IELTS Fighter

QUYỂN SÁCH NÀY DÀNH CHO AI?

IDEAS for IELTS Topics là quyùn sách phù hĜp cho các giáo viên và học viên có

ít thĘi gian cho viûc luyûn thi IELTS CuĈn sách này cďng phČ hĜp vęi nhĕng hąc viön bý Ğ tđĚng hoðc ý kiøn v÷ các chĎ đ÷ thđĘng gðp trong phæn thi Viøt cĎa IELTS Lđu Ğ rìng, cho dù ngĕ pháp cĎa bän có hoàn hâo đi chëng nĕa thì bän cďng sô khĆng đät đđĜc điùm cao nøu bän không biøt viøt v÷ cái gì

Quyùn sách này nhìm giúp các bän hąc viên tĖ tin rìng hą có nhĕng Ğ tđĚng,

ý kiøn, và tĒ vĖng tuyût vĘi v÷ nhi÷u chĎ đ÷ trong kĝ thi IELTS writing

LÀM THẾ NÀO ĐỂ ĐẠT 7.0 IELTS HOẶC CAO HƠN?

Bí quyøt đù đät đđĜc điùm cao trong phæn thi IELTS writing không chþ là ngĕ

pháp, không chþ là viûc dung các tĒ nhđ Ĕmoreoverĕ, Ĕin additionĕ, khĆng chþ

là viûc dung các cĐm nhđ Ĕthis is controversial issue nowadaysĕ, mà cān là viûc

bän cæn phâi sĔ dĐng các Ĕtopic languageĕ mċt cách phù hĜp

ĔTopic languageĕ Ě đåy đđĜc hiùu là các từ hoặc cụm từ có liên quan đøn

chĎ đ÷ câu hăi Bän cæn nhĕng Ğ tđĚng tĈt đù trâ lĘi tĈt mċt câu hăi

LÀM THẾ NÀO CHUẨN BỊ CHO IELTS WRITING TASK 2?

Có rçt nhi÷u lĘi khuyön đđĜc đđa ra trong quyùn sách này Dđęi đåy tĆi xin tĂm tít läi nhĕng đi÷u mà tĆi đ÷ xuçt:

 Dành nhiều thời gian chuẩn bị hơn là làm bài kiểm tra

Khi chúng ta làm mċt bài test, chúng ta sô xác đĀnh đđĜc nëng lĖc cĎa mình hiûn đang Ě mēc nào Tuy nhiên, chúng ta không hąc thöm đđĜc đi÷u gì męi câ Bän sô không thù câi thiûn đđĜc nøu bän chþ viøt các bài essays Trđęc khi viøt mċt essay, chúng ta nên nghiên cēu chĎ đ÷ và chuèn bĀ ý tđĚng, ý kiøn, và tĒ vĖng

 Sao chép ý tưởng của tôi (giới thiệu trong cuốn sách này)

Nøu bän chþ sĔ dĐng các tĒ vĖng mà bän đã biøt, bän sô không hąc thêm đđĜc đi÷u gì męi, và sô không thù nào câi thiûn đđĜc nëng lĖc cĎa mình

Đi÷u bän cỉn làm là thĖc hành køt nĈi các Ğ tđĚng cĎa tơi läi vęi nhau và viøt mċt essay hồn hâo

 Sử dụng quyển sách này cùng các tài liệu khác của @ILETS Fighter

CuĈn sách này đi kđm vęi các bċ tài liûu do chính Trung tâm luỷn thi IELTS Fighter biên sộn – đðc biût là bċ tài liûu IELTS Writing task 1+2 Các bän cĩ thù dú dàng tìm thçy và tâi miún phí các tài liûu này täi website và fanpage cĎa IELTS Fighter

Mċt sĈ tài liûu khác đi kđm vęi bċ sách do IETLS Fighter tĉng hĜp và biên sộn đù các bän cĩ thù hąc tĈt hėn:

1 CuĈn IELTS Writing target 7 + task 1

2 CuĈn IELTS Writing target 7 + task 2

3 CuĈn IELTS Writing từ A-Z

4 CuĈn tổng hợpbài mẫu IELTS Writing task 1+2

LÀM THẾ NÀO SỬ DỤNG NHỮNG Ý TƯỞNG NÀY?

Mċt trong nhĕng cách bän cĩ thù làm là luỷn têp viøt các độn vën sĔ dĐng các Ğ tđĚng trong sách này

Sau đåy là một vài ý tưởng về chủ đề The benefits of mobile phones:

 The mobile phone is the most popular gadget in todayēs world

 We can stay in touch with family, friends and colleagues wherever we are

 Users can send text messages, surf the Internet, take photos and listen to music

 Mobiles have also become fashion accessories

 Mobile phones have revolutionized the way we communicate

Bằng cách kết nối những ý tưởng này và thêm thắt một vài thứ, chúng ta

cĩ thể viết một độn văn như sau:

The mobile phone has become the most popular gadget in todayēs world The reason for this is that it is portable and versatile Mobile phones are now carried at all times by most people, allowing us to stay in touch with family, friends and colleagues wherever we are Furthermore, they now have many more functions than a standard telephone; mobile phone users can send text messages, surf the Internet, take photos and listen to music, as well as making calls Mobiles have become fashion accessories, and they have revolutionized the way we communicate

(93 words)

TỪ Ý TƯỞNG ĐẾN ĐOẠN VĂN

Khi Viøt IELTS, chčng ta nưn dành thĘi gian lưn Ğ tđĚng cho nhĕng độn vën Ě

phỉn thån bài trđęc khi bít đỉu vào viøt(xem lại cuốn sách IELTS Writing target

7 + để tìm hiểu kĩ hơn) Båy giĘ hãy cČng tüm hiùu cách køt nĈi nhĕng Ğ tđĚng läi

vęi nhau đù täo thành mċt độn vën hồnh chþnh qua vý dĐ dđęi đåy Đåy là cåu hăi:

The main reason people go to work is to earn money

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Sau đåy là các ý tưởng cho một độn văn:

 Agree that money is the main reason people work

 People look at salary first, they rarely take a salary cut

 Need to live, pay bills, food etc

 Look after our families, save for the future

 Otherwise, most people would probably choose not to work

Kết nối những ý tưởng trên, chúng ta cĩ độn như sau:

I agree that the majority of people work in order to earn money Before taking any other factors into account, it is normal to first consider the salary that a particular post offers, and it is rare to hear of a person who happily takes a cut in pay when beginning a new job We all need money to pay for our basic necessities, such as accommodation, bills and food Many adults also have families who depend on the wages they earn, and at the same time they are conscious of the need to save for the future If we no longer

words)

Contents

1 ADVERTISING 11

2 ANIMAL RIGHTS 16

3 CITIES 22

4 CRIME 26

5 EDUCATION 35

6 ENVIRONMENT 57

7 FAMILY 68

8 GENDER 76

9 GENETIC ENGINEERING 81

10 GLOBAL ISSUES 86

11 GOVERNMENT AND SOCIETY 94

12 GUNS AND WEAPONS 106

13 HEALTH 116

14 HOUSING AND ARCHITECTURE 129

15 LANGUAGE 133

16 MONEY 136

17 PERSONALITY 141

18 SPORT AND LEISURE 148

19 TELEVISION, INTERNET, PHONES 157

20 TOURISM 168

21 TRADITIONAL VS MODERN 174

22 TRANSPORT 177

23 WATER 184

24 WORK 191

1 ADVERTISING

Positives of advertising

* Advertising is a key part of modern business 


* Companies need to tell customers about their products and services 


* Advertisements inform us about the choices we have 


* Advertising is a creative industry that employs many people 


* Without advertising we would have less choice 


* Without advertising there would be higher unemployment 


* Advertising is a form of modern art 


* People enjoy adverts

Advertising is a key part of modern

business To be a key part of sth: Là mċt phæn quan trąng, mċt phæn then chĈt

= To play an important role in sth

Companies need to tell customers

about their products and services

To tell sb about sth: NĂi cho ai đĂ biøt v÷

Advertising is a creative industry that

employs many people

A creative industry (n): Mċt ngành công

nghiûp sáng täo

Chúng ta dùng Industry(n) chþ ngành

ngh÷, lÿnh vĖc Ví dĐ:

- Banking Industry

- Entertainment Industry

Without advertising we would have

less choice

Without sth: Nøu không có sth

Without advertising there would be

Employed (adj): Đang đđĜc thuê Unemployed (adj): Thçt nghiûp

Advertising is a form of modern art To be a form of sth: Là mċt däng cĎaĖ

People enjoy adverts To enjoy sth (v): Thých, thđĚng thēc

= To be interested in sth

= To be keen on sth

= To be fond of sth

Negatives of Advertising

* Advertising manipulates people 


* It aims to persuade people that buying a product will make them happier 


* Advertisers focus on selling a brand image 


* They use glamorous, successful people 


* We now live in a consumer culture 


* We are persuaded to follow the latest trend 


* We are encouraged to associate certain brands with a higher status 


* Advertisers often aim their marketing at children 


* Children can easily be influenced by advertisements 


* Children put pressure on parents to buy them things

To manipulate sb (v): Kiùm soát hoðc ânh

Advertising manipulates people hđĚng ngđĘi khác theo mċt cách không

trung thĖc

 To manipulate sb into sth/ doing sth

It aims to persuade people that

buying a product will make them

We now live in a consumer culture

A consumer culture (n): N÷n vën hĂa tiöu

dùng

Chčng ta cďng cĂ mċt sĈ cĐm tĒ có liên quan nhđ:

A consumer society: Mċt xã hċi mà viûc

mua bán đđĜc xem nhđ rçt quan trąng

Consumer confidence: Ni÷m tin ngđĘi

We are encouraged to associate

certain brands with a higher status

To be encouraged to do sth: ĐđĜc

khuyøn khích làm chuyûn gü đĂ

To associate certain brands with a higher status: Gín li÷n mċt sĈ thđėng

hiûu vęi đĀa vĀ xã hċi cao

 To associate sth/sb with sth/sb

Advertisers often aim their marketing

at children

To aim sth at sb: Nhìm cái gü vào ai đĂ

Children can easily be influenced by

Children put pressure on parents to

buy them things

To put pressure on sb: Làm áp lĖc lên ai

đĂ

= To pressure on sb to do sth

= To be under pressure to do sth

Opinions about Advertising

* Advertising should be regulated

* Advertising aimed at children should be controlled or even banned

* Unhealthy foods should not be marketed in a way that attracts children

* Products that can be risk to health should display warnings

* In some countries it is illegal to advertise cigarettes on television

* Warnings must be displayed on cigarette packets

* However, advertising is necessary in free market economies

* It creates demand for products

* Governments should only censor false information or products that are Harmful

Advertising should be regulated

Should be regulated: Nön đđĜc kiùm soát

 To regulate sth

= To control sth by means of rules

Advertising aimed at children should

be controlled or even banned

To aim at sb: Nhìm vào ai đĂ

= To target sb/sth

Unhealthy foods should not be

marketed in a way that attracts

children

To attract sb: Thu hčt ai đĂ

= To appeal to sb

Products that can be risk to health

should display warnings

To be risk to sth/sb: Có thù gây häi cho

= To harm sb/sth

In some countries it is illegal to

advertise cigarettes on television

However, advertising is necessary in

free market economies

A free market economy (n): Mċt n÷n kinh

Governments should only censor

false information or products that

2 ANIMAL RIGHTS

Arguments for Animal Testing

* Animals are used in important scientific research

* It is necessary to do medical tests on new drugs

* Animal testing helps to advance medical and scientific knowledge / medicalbreakthroughs

* Many important medical discoveries involved experimentation on

animals

* Researchers aim to minimize the suffering that animals experience

* Testing for the cosmetics industry is now banned in many countries

* Some medical or scientific experiments simply cannot be done on

To do medical tests on new drugs: ThĖc

hiûn kiùm tra trên các lội thuĈc męi

 To do tests on sth Bên cänh đĂ, chčng ta cịn hąc đđĜc cĐm

 It is necessary to do sth

Animal testing helps to advance

medical and scientific knowledge/

Many important medical

Researchers aim to minimize the

suffering that animals experience

To minimize sth: Giâm thiùu cái gü đĂ

= To reduce sth to the lowest possible level

Testing for the cosmetics industry is

now banned in many countries

To be banned: BĀ cçm

= To get banned

= To be forbidden

= To be prohibited

Some medical or scientific

experiments simply cannot be

done on humans

Scientific experiments (n): Thí nghiûm

khoa hąc

Arguments against Animal Testing

* The benefits of research using animals do not justify the suffering caused

* It is cruel if it is just done to publish papers

* There are alternative methods of research

* Computer simulation can be used in most cases

* The lives of animals should be respected

* Humans have no moral right to do experiments on animals

The benefits of research using

animals do not justify the suffering

 Take an alternative

= Take another option

Computer simulation can be used

in most cases

Simulation (n): Giâ lêp

The lives of animals should be

respected

Life (n) Mäng sĈng (Singular noun)

 Plural noun: Lives (n)

Humans have no moral right to do

experiments on animals

To have no right to do sth: Không có

quy÷n làm chuyûn gü đĂ

Arguments for Vegetarianism

* Vegetarians do not eat foods that are produced by killing animals

* Many people choose a vegetarian diet for moral or health reasons

* A healthy diet is possible without eating meat

* It is unnecessary to kill animal for food

* A vegetarian diet may reduce the risk of disease like cancer

* Many people question the treatment of animals in factory farms

Vegetarians do not eat foods that

are produced by killing animals

To produce sth: Sân xuçt

Many people choose a vegetarian

diet for moral or health reasons

A vegetarian diet (n): Chø đċ ën kiöng

theo kiùu ën chay, ën chay Moral reasons (n) Lý do v÷ đäo đēc

 Morality (n)

A healthy diet is possible without A healthy diet (n): Chø đċ ën kiöng lành

không cæn làm chuyûn gü đĂ

A vegetarian diet may reduce the

risk of disease like cancer

To reduce the risk of disease: Giâm rĎi ro

bûnh têt

 To reduce the risk of sth

>< To pose the risk

Many people question the

treatment of animals in factory

Arguments against Vegetarianism

* Vegetarians do not eat a balanced diet

* In many cultures, meat is the main ingredient in traditional meals

* Meat-eaters argue that animals are below humans in the food chain

* It is completely natural for us to kill them for food

* Our aim should be improve farming methods

* Farms should produce organic food

Vegetarians do not eat a balanced

diet

A balanced diet (n): Chø đċ ën kiöng

cân bìng, phù hĜp

In many cultures, meat is the main

ingredient in traditional meals

The main ingredient in sth (n): Nguyên

liûu chính trong món/ thē gü đĂ

Meat-eaters argue that animals are

below humans in the food chain Meat – eaters (n): NgđĘi khĆng ën chay,

ngđĘi ën mðn

Canivore (n): Đċng vêt ën thĀt

The food chain (n): ChuĊi thēc ën

It is completely natural for us to kill

them for food

Natural (adj): TĖ nhiên, bân nëng, bünh

* Zoos play an important role in wildlife conservation

* They can help to protect endangered species

* Zoos allow scientists to study animals and their behavior

* Zoos are educational, interesting and fun

* Children, in particular, enjoy learning about animals

* Zoos provide job opportunities

Zoos play an important role in

gðp nguy hiùm

Dangerous species (n): Các loài đċng

vêt nguy hiùm

Zoos allow scientists to study

animals and their behavior

To allow sb to do sth: Cho phòp ai đĂ

làm chuyûn gü đĂ Trong ngĕ cânh này,

= To enable sb to do sth

Zoos are educational, interesting

and fun

Educational (adj): Mang tính giáo dĐc

Children, in particular, enjoy

learning about animals

In particular: Nói riêng

In general: Nói chung

Zoos provide job opportunities

To provide sth: Cung cçp cái gü đĂ Job opportuny (n): Cė hċi viûc làm

Chúng ta có mċt sĈ cĐm nhđ

Job opening Job vacancy

Negatives of Zoos

* Zoo animals are kept in artificial environments

* They are kept in cages or have limited space

* Zoo animals rely on humans

* They lose the freedom to hunt for food

* They best way to save endangered species is by protecting natural habitats

* Some people believe that zoos are unethical

* Zoos exhibits animals with the aim of making money

*We have no right to use animals for entertainment and profit

Zoo animals are kept in artificial

environments

Artificial environment (n): MĆi trđĘng

nhân täo Ngoài ra chúng ta có mċt sĈ cĐm khác nhđ

An artificial limb

An artificial sweetener

They are kept in cages or have

limited space

Limited space (n): Không gian gięi hän

= Narrow/ Insufficient space

Zoo animals rely on humans To rely on sb/sth: PhĐ thuċc

= To depend on sb/sth

They lose the freedom to hunt for

food

To lose the freedom: Mçt sĖ tĖ do

= To give up his freedom

= To surrender his freedom

They best way to save endangered

species is by protecting natural

To exhibit sth: Trđng bày, triùn lãm

With the aim of sth: Vęi mĐc đých Ė

= With the purpose of Ė

We have no right to use animals for

entertainment and profit

To have right to do sth: Có quy÷n làm

chuyûn gü đĂ

3 CITIES

*Reasons for Urbanization

* People move to cities in search of job opportunities

*Cities offer greater employment possibilities and a higher standard of living

*People migrate to cities from the countryside

*Traditional activities like farming need fewer workers nowadays

People move to cities in search of job

opportunities

In search of sth: Đù tìm kiøm sth

= To seek (for) sth

= To search for sth

Cities offer greater employment

possibilities and a higher standard of living

Employment possibility (n): Cė hċi

Traditional activities like farming need

fewer workers nowadays

Farming (n): Nông nghiûp

Negatives of City Life

* Life in cities has its drawbacks

* The cost of living is higher than in rural areas

* Some people do not manage to find work

* Housing is usually much more expensive

* Homelessness and poverty are common on cities

* There is a gap between rich and poor

* Life in cities can be extremely stressful

* There are problems like traffic congestion or traffic jams and crime

* Cities lack a sense of community

* People do not even know their neighbor(s)

* Cities are sometimes described as Ĕconcrete junglesĕ

Life in cities has its drawbacks Drawback (n): Mċt khuyøt điùm,

Life in cities can be extremely stressful To be stressful (adj)

= To be under pressure/ tension

There are problems like traffic congestion

or traffic jams and crime Traffic congestion (n): Ách tíc giao thông

= Traffic jam

Cities lack a sense of community A sense of community (n): Tính

* Pedestrian zones in city centre can improve the local environment

* Banning cars encourages people to walk or cycle

* Many European cities have built bicycle lanes

* Dependence on cars is linked to health problems like obesity

* People who walk or cycle regularly are generally healthier

* Pedestrian areas are safer and more attractive for both residents and tourists

Pedestrian zones in city centre can

improve the local environment

Pedestrian (n): NgđĘi bċ hành Zone (n): Khu vĖc

Chúng ta có mċt sĈ cĐm dùng vęi zone nhđ

khých ai đĂ làm chuyûn gü đĂ

Many European cities have built bicycle

lanes

Bicycle lane (n): Làn đđĘng dành

cho xe đäp

Dependence on cars is linked to health

problems like obesity

Dependence on sth (n): SĖ phĐ

thuċc

>< Independence

To be linked to sth: Liên quan, dén

tęi Trong câu này

= To lead to sth

People who walk or cycle regularly are

generally healthier

Generally (adj): Nhìn chung

Pedestrian areas are safer and more

attractive for both residents and tourists

Police and Crime Prevention

* The job of the polices is to catch criminals

* They must also prevent crime and make communities safer

* There should be an increase in the number of police officers on the streets

* Police officers should be seen as part of the community

* They should be involved with education and prevention

* The police should be in close contact with schools

* They should focus on young people who have dropped out of school

* These teenagers may become involved with gangs

The job of the polices is to catch criminals To catch criminals: Bít tċi phäm

They must also prevent crime and make

>< To carry out/ commit a crime

There should be an increase in the

number of police officers on the streets

An increase (n): Tëng

>< A decrease (n): Giâm

Police officers should be seen as part of

the community Should be seen as sb/sth: Nên đđĜc nhìn nhên nhđ là

They should be involved with education

and prevention Be involved with sth: Quan tâm đøn sth

= Pay attention to sth

The police should be in close contact

with schools To be in close contact with sb: Liên hû thđĘng xuyên, gæn gďi vęi ai

đĂ

They should focus on young people who

have dropped out of school To drop out of school: Nghþ hąc, bă hąc

To focus on: Têp trung vào

= To concentrate on sth

These teenagers may become involved

with gangs Be involved with sth: Liên quan, dính líu

* Fines are used as punishment for minor crimes

* If the crime is more serious, prison is the most common punishment

* Some criminals pose a threat to society

* They are put in prison to ensure the safety of other citizens

Fines are used as punishment for minor

crimes

Fine (n): Ti÷n phät

= Penalty fee

If the crime is more serious, prison is the

most common punishment

Prison (n): Nhà tù

Mċt sĈ cĐm hay dČng nhđ sau:

To send sb to prison

To be in prison

Some criminals pose a threat to society

To pose a threat: Täo ra mĈi nguy

hiùm

= To present a threat Mċt sĈ cĐm hay dČng nhđ sau:

To be under threat The threat from sth

* Criminals are put together

* They make friends with other offenders

* Many prisoners re-offend when they are released

* A criminal record makes finding a job more difficult

Criminals are put together Criminal (n): Tċi phäm

To be put = To be placed

They make friends with other offenders Offender (n): Tċi phäm

= Criminal (n) Many prisoners re-offend when they are To be released (v): ĐđĜc thâ ra (tù)

released Offend (v) Tçn công, phäm tċi

* Another aim of prisons is rehabilitation

* Prisoners receive education of vocational training

* Prisoners should learn personal skills and specific job skills

* Punishment could make prisonersē behavior worse

* Rehabilitation aims to make them better citizens

* Rehabilitated prisoners are less likely to re-offend

Another aim of prisons is rehabilitation Rehabilitation (n) (Trong chủ đề

này): Quy trünh gičp đě mċt ngđĘi

tái hòa nhêp cċng đćng sau khi ra

tù

Prisoners receive education of vocational

training Vocational training (n): Đào täo ngh÷

 Vocational school (n) TrđĘng däy ngh÷

Prisoners should learn personal skills and

specific job skills

Personal skill (n): KĠ nëng giao

Rehabilitated prisoners are less likely to

re-offend

To rehabilitate sb: Tái hòa nhêp

cho ngđĘi męi ra tù

Capital Punishment

* Supporters say that capital punishment deters crime

* Fear of the death penalty stops people from committing offences

* The death penalty shows that crime is not tolerated

* It is a form of revenge

* The cost of imprisonment is avoided

* The offender cannot pose a threat to others

Supporters say that capital punishment

deters crime

Capital punishment (n): TĔ hình

= Death sentence (n)

= Death penalty (n)

Fear of the death penalty stops people

from committing offences

To stop sb from doing sth: DĒng/

ngën chðn ai đĂ làm viûc gü đĂ

= To prevent sb from doing sth

To commit offences = To commit crimes

The death penalty shows that crime is not

To seek revenge for sth/sb

The cost of imprisonment is avoided To imprison sb: Bă tČ ai đĂ

= To put sb in a prison

Against Capital Punishment

*Innocent people could be wrongly convicted and executed

* Crime rates are not necessarily reduced

* Many criminals do not think they will be caught

* Capital punishment is not a good deterrent

* Executing prisoners creates a violent culture and encourages revenge

* We have no right to take another human life

Innocent people could be wrongly

convicted and executed

To convict sb of sth: Chính thēc

đĀnh tċi ai đĂ

>< To acquit sb of sth: Tuyên bĈ tríng án

To execute sb: TĔ hünh ai đĂ

= Death sentence

= Capital punishment

Crime rates are not necessarily reduced Crime rate (n): Tğ lû phäm tċi

Many criminals do not think they will be

Executing prisoners creates a violent

culture and encourages revenge Violent culture (n): Vën hĂa bäo lĖc

To encourage revenge: Khuỳn

khích viûc trâ thù

To take revenge on sth

We have no right to take another human

life

To have no right to do sth: Khơng

cĩ quy÷n làm chuỷn gü đĂ

To take sbēs life: Lçy mäng, tđęc

đột mäng sĈng ngđĘi khác

Community Service

* Community service is a way to reform offenders

* It could be a solution to prison overcrowding

* It avoids the cost of imprisonment

* It makes offenders useful in their local communities

* They are required to clean streets or talk to school groups

* Offenders repay their community

* They avoid the negative influence that prison can have

Community service is a way to reform

offenders Community service (n): Phục vụ

cợng đờng

To reform sb: Câi tạo ai đĂ

It could be a solution to prison

To make sb + adj: Làm cho ai đĂ

trĚ nên thø nào đçy

Offenders repay their community Offender (n): Tċi phäm

= Criminal (n)

To repay sb/sth: Trâ ti÷n, đ÷n bù

Mċt sĈ cĐm tĒ đi chung repay:

To repay a debt/ loan/ mortgage

They avoid the negative influence that

prison can have

Against Community Service

* Community service is not a sufficient punishment

* Criminals should be locked up, away from their victims

Community service is not a sufficient

punishment

A sufficient punishment (n):Mċt

hình phät đĎ mänh Mċt sĈ cĐm tĒ đi chung punishment (n):

Cruel punishment (n) Hình phạt

độc ác Heavy/ harsh/ severe punishment (n): Hình phạt nặng

Corporal/ physical punishment (n): Hình phạt về thể chất

Criminals should be locked up, away from To lock up sb/ lock sb up: NhĈt

their victims mċt ai đĂ

Crime in the Media

* Crime is one of the main subjects of most news programs

* The mass media focus on violent and sensational crimes

* This leads to fear of crime among the public

* Sensational stories attract more viewers or readers

* The media report crime stories in order to increase their audience

Crime is one of the main subjects of most

Sensational news (n): Nhĕng tin tēc

shock hoðc tći tû hėn nhìm thu hút

Sensational story (n): Nhĕng câu

chuyûn gây ra câm giác thú vĀ, bçt ngĘ; làm quá lön đù thu hút sĖ chú

ý

The media report crime stories in order to

increase their audience

To increase their audience: Tëng

sĈ lđĜng khán giâ

= To grab the attention of audience

5 EDUCATION

Benefits of Education

* Education gives people knowledge and skills

* People with qualification are more likely to find work

* They can earn a higher salary

* They can contribute positively to society

* Schools aim to teach young people moral values such as tolerance and sharing

* Schools prepare children to be members of a society

Education gives people knowledge and

To earn a higher salary

= To be offered a higher salary

They can contribute positively to society To contribute to sth: ĐĂng gĂp cho

cái gü đĂ

Hoðc có thù dùng là: To contribute sth to sth/sb

Schools aim to teach young people

moral values such as tolerance and

of a society bị cho ai đó, cái gì đó để làm

chuyện gì đó

Benefits of Studying Abroad

* Foreign institutions may offer better courses

* Many students want to attend a prestigious university

* The best universities employ teachers who are experts in their fields

* Qualifications gained abroad can open the door to better job

opportunities

* Living abroad can broaden studentsē horizons

* Overseas students are exposed to different cultures and customs

* They become more independent

* They are responsible for cooking, cleaning and paying bills

* They will learn a foreign language

Foreign institutions may offer better

courses Foreign institution (n): Tổ chức giáo

dục nđớc ngoài, định chế giáo dục nđớc ngoài

Financial institution (n): Định chế

tài chính

Many students want to attend a

prestigious university A prestigious university (n): Đại

học danh giá

Prestigious (adj): còn đđợc dùng

trong các cụm sau:

A prestigious award (n): Giải

thđởng danh giá

The best universities employ teachers who

are experts in their fields To employ sb: Thuê, sử dụng ai đó

= Hire sb Expert (n) Chuyên gia

= Professional (n)

Qualifications gained abroad can open To open the door to sth: Mở cánh

the door to better job opportunities cửa cho việc gi đó

= To pave the way for sth

|

Living abroad can broaden studentsē

horizons To broaden sbēs horizon: Mở rộng

kiến thức, tầm hiểu biết

= To improve/ develop sbēs knowledge

Overseas students are exposed to

different cultures and customs To be exposed to sth: Đđợc tiếp

xúc với Overseas student: Du học sinh

= Foreign student Customs (n) Phong tục tập quán

They become more independent Independent (adj): Không phụ

thuốc, tự do

>< Dependent (adj)

They are responsible for cooking,

cleaning and paying bills To be responsible for: Chịu trách

nhiệm

= To be accountable for sth

They will learn a foreign language To learn a foreign language: Học

một ngôn ngữ nđớc ngoài

= To learn another language

Drawback of Studying Abroad

* Living and studying abroad can be difficult

* Students have problems with paperwork such as visa applications

* The language barrier can be a problem

* Students have to find accommodation and pay bills

* Studying in a foreign language is challenging

* Living alone in an unfamiliar culture can cause homesickness

Living and studying abroad can be

difficult

To be difficult (adj): Khó khën,

không dễ dàng

= To be tough

Students have problems with paperwork

such as visa applications

Paperwork (adj) Giấy tờ

To have problemswith sth: Có vấn

đề với cái gì đó

The language barrier can be a problem The language barrier (n): Rào cản

ngôn ngữ

Students have to find accommodation

and pay bills

Accommodation (n): Nėi ở

Technology in Education: Advantages

* Technology is a powerful tool to engage students

* Technology can make lessons much more interesting

* Students can do research using online resources

* Students can study at their own place

* Adults can take distance learning courses

* Students can study whenever and wherever they want

* Students also learn skills which are useful for their future jobs

* For example, they learn to write reports using a word processor

Technology is a powerful tool to engage

students

A powerful tool: Một công cụ hữu ích, mạnh mẽ

Technology can make lessons much more

To conduct a survey

To conduct an interview

Students can study at their own place Theirown place: Nėi riöng của họ

 Theirown house: Nhà riêng của họ

Adults can take distance learning courses Distance learning courses: Các

khóa học theo hệ từ xa

To take a course

= To enroll in a course

= To register a course

Students can study whenever and

wherever they want

Whenever (adv): Bất kể khi nào

Wherever (adv): Bất kể nėi đåu However (adv): Bất kể nhđ thế nào

Students also learn skills which are useful

for their future jobs

To be useful (adj): Hữu ích

= To be helpful

For example, they learn to write reports

using a word processor Word processor (n): Một máy tính

chạy chđėng trình xử lý từ vựng,

đđợc dùng cho mục đích viết thđ, báo cáo

Technology in Education: Disadvantages

* People rely too much on computers

* Young learners do not become proficient in some basic skills

* They use word processors and spelling may suffer

* People should be able to write a letter by hand

* Technology is no substitute for a real teacher

* Learners need a structured course

* An experienced teacher knows what materials to choose

* Computers are expensive to maintain and can be unreliable

People rely too much on computers To rely on sth: Dựa dẫm, phụ thuộc

vào

= To depend on sth

Young learners do not become proficient

in some basic skills

To be proficient (adj): Thành thạo

 Proficiency (n)

They use word processors and spelling

may suffer

Word processor (n): Một máy tính

chạy chđėng trình xử lý từ vựng, đđợc dùng cho mục đích viết thđ, báo cáo

Spelling(n): Đánh vần

 A spelling mistake



People should be able to write a letter by

hand

To be able to do sth: Có khả nëng

làm chuyện gìđó

To write sth by hand: Viết bằng tay

Technology is no substitute for a real

teacher A substitute for sth (n): Một sự thay

thế cho cái gìđó

= Replacement (n)