92 test bank for modern management concepts and skills 12th edition certo

B Every month the BFL management awards monetary incentives to employees who have exceeded their targets for that month and the top performer is designated as the "employee of the month.

Test Bank for Modern Management Concepts and Skills 12th Edition Certo

Because of his writings on the elements and general principles of

management, Henri Fayol is usually regarded as the pioneer of

1 A) strategic management applications

2 B) organizational behavior

3 C) business finance model

4 D) operations management theory

1 A) Lynn's team members are independent

2 B) Lynn's team members are fiercely competitive

3 C) Lynn's team members enjoy working in a centralized hierarchical system

4 D) Lynn's team members receive orders only from her

5 E) Lynn's team members are harmonious and upbeat

consists primarily of the work of Frederick W.Taylor, Frank and Lillian Gilbreth, and Henry L Gantt

1 A) Higher-level management analysis

2 B) The behavioral approach

3 C) Lower-level management analysis

4 D) Management science

5 E) Comprehensive management

The approach to management was the product of the first

concentrated effort to develop a body of management thought The

management writers who participated in this effort are considered the pioneers of management study

Among the sample variables considered in analyzing motions, as

pioneered by the Gilbreths, the environmental variables include

2 B) a decrease in productivity

3 C) workers losing their jobs

4 D) longer work days

5 E) an increase in quality

Which of the following approaches to management was advocated by Henry Gantt?

1 A) the contingency approach

2 B) using mathematical models to investigate the decision situation

3 C) using human relations skills to manage workers

4 D) work specialization and unity of command

5 E) task-scheduling and rewarding innovation

One of the general principles of management explained by Fayol is "unity

of command." What does this principle mean?

1 A) The entire organization should be moving toward a common objective

2 B) The interests of one person should take priority over the interests of the

organization

3 C) Workers should receive orders from only one manager

4 D) All workers should be given the same orders by managers

5 E) All employees should be treated as equally as possible

Each manager in an organization possesses certain amounts of authority For example, the president possesses the most authority; the first-line supervisor, the least According to Fayol, this is known as

5 E) decentralization

Gantt believed in worker compensation that corresponded to production through the piece-rate system, as well as the system when production exceeded the quota

1 A) the entire organization should be moving toward a common objective

2 B) the importance of the subordinate role should be increased

3 C) work should be divided among individuals

4 D) the interests of one person should be prioritized over the interests of the organization

5 E) workers should receive orders from a number of managers

The primary investigative tool in the Gilbreths' research was , which consists of reducing each job to the most basic movements

If BFL followed the scientific method as proposed by Henry Gantt, which one of the following actions by BFL will be the MOST likely outcome?

1 A) The workers of the Ambition brand of shoes were recently moved to a new assembly line, where they now use only three steps per task compared to the earlier five steps

2 B) Every month the BFL management awards monetary incentives to employees who have exceeded their targets for that month and the top performer is designated

as the "employee of the month."

3 C) The worker wages are not fixed but are dependent on the number of shoe partsthey process in a month

4 D) BFL has no strict guidelines regarding work clothes for their employees

5 E) The managers undergo regular training to enhance their interpersonal skills This has helped increase productivity through better communication between employees

Under classical management theory, comprehensive analysis of

management concerns the management function as a whole The primary contributor to this category was

1 A) Henri Fayol

2 B) Frederick W.Taylor

3 C) Henry L Gantt

4 D) Frank Gilbreth

5 E) Ludwig von Bertalanffy

Which of the following is true of Henry Gantt's method of management?

1 A) The Gantt scheduling chart was found to be impractical and has fallen into disuse

2 B) It gave less importance to the human side of production than F.W Taylor's method

3 C) Gantt believed that worker compensation should correspond only to production

4 D) He considered that studying employee motivation was the role of scientific management

5 E) It dealt with lower-level management analysis and not comprehensive analysis.

Managers use the Gantt chart to

1 A) encourage worker initiative

2 B) conduct motion analysis of tasks

3 C) retain productive employees

4 D) monitor work schedules

5 E) reward innovation by workers

Gene Co., a pharmaceutical company, directs its management to increase production through an understanding of people The company believes that if managers understand their people and adapt their organizations to them, organizational success will follow Which management approach is Gene Co adopting in this scenario?

Best Foot Limited (BFL) manufactures different types of footwear,

including rubber/canvas footwear, leather footwear, and plastic footwear The company has one plant in Norway which produces all the shoes Nearly 800 workers are employed at this plant Which of the following possible actions would indicate that BFL follows the scientific method of the Gilbreths, who primarily focused on motion-study?

1 A) The company switched to a new assembly line process which requires

employees to perform three steps per task compared to the earlier five steps

2 B) Every month the BFL management chooses three employees who have exceeded their targets for that month and awards each of them a special bonus

3 C) To help retain employees, the management awards workers a special loyalty bonus for every two years they complete at the organization.

4 D) BFL has no strict guidelines regarding work clothes for their employees

5 E) The managers undergo regular training to enhance their interpersonal skills This has helped increase productivity through better communication between employees

One of the phases of the Hawthorne studies was the relay assembly test room experiments The experimenters believed that if they studied

productivity long enough, under different working conditions, they would discover the working conditions that maximized production Thus, these experiments originally had a orientation

According to Gantt, the role of a manager is to

1 A) divide specialized work among individuals and groups

2 B) make it in employees' interests to accomplish tasks

3 C) choose the management tactics best suited to particular situations

4 D) convince workmen to do work which they have no desire to do

5 E) use mathematical models to investigate the decision situation

The classical approach to management recommends that

1 A) managers enhance organizational success by building appropriate relationshipswith people

2 B) managers improve their organizations by using the scientific method and mathematical techniques to solve operational problems

3 C) managers continually strive to increase organizational efficiency to increase production

4 D) what managers do in practice depends on, or is contingent upon, a given set of circumstances

5 E) to fully understand the operation of an entity, the entity must be viewed as a system

One of the general principles of management suggested by Fayol is

centralization What is centralization?

1 A) Centralization is increasing the importance of the subordinate role

2 B) Centralization directs that the entire organization should be moving toward a common objective

3 C) Centralization is lowering the importance of the subordinate role

4 D) Centralization directs that all materials and people related to a specific kind of work should be assigned to the same general location

5 E) Centralization directs that the entire organization need not be moving toward a common objective

Which of the following did Gantt advocate in addition to Taylor's rate compensation system for workers?

piece-1 A) decentralizing authority

2 B) a bonus for overproduction

3 C) medical insurance coverage

4 D) mandatory employee training

5 E) tenure and job security

Under the piece-rate system pioneered by Taylor,

1 A) workers were paid according to the amount they produced

2 B) managers develop their employees' work-related skills

3 C) each job was reduced to the most basic movement possible

4 D) workers were paid more than their managers

5 E) managers were paid only after the workers exceeded production

The Hawthorne Studies were conducted in two phases: the relay assembly test room experiments and the bank wiring observation room experiment Which of the following approaches was developed based on these

studies?

1 A) the behavioral approach

2 B) the contingency approach

3 C) the system approach

4 D) the management science approach

5 E) the classical approach

The Gilbreths aimed to increase worker efficiency by

1 A) reducing the number of movements taken to accomplish a task

2 B) enforcing minimum criteria for the types of workers hired for a job

3 C) instituting the piece-rate system for remuneration

4 D) understanding what motivates employees to complete a task

5 E) encouraging teamwork rather than individual work

Lower-level management analysis concentrates on the "one best way" to perform a task The process of finding this "one best way" is known as

Jane, a manager in a soda company, believes that the classical approach

to management will help her to schedule her employees' tasks and handle people better But using only the classical approach may not be the ideal approach because

1 A) exact scientific knowledge of what could be done by a worker is substituted for opinion

2 B) the scientific approach has proven to be ineffective in increasing production

3 C) it is concerned with the entire range of managerial performance and not just thejob design

4 D) it does not adequately emphasize the human variables in the production process

5 E) it does not have a "one best way" approach to management problems

Because of the significance of his contributions, is commonly called the "father of scientific management."

Dress codes are a contentious subject in workplaces, with Gen Y workers favoring a more casual style than older workers, who are often

uncomfortable with the idea of wearing casual clothes to work Human resources departments often find it difficult to enforce company dress codes appropriately Managers find that one of the ways to address this situation is using the contingency approach Which of the following is the best example of the contingency approach to management?

1 A) Rotec Inc requires all employees to dress formally throughout the week, and allows business casuals on Fridays

2 B) Sandman Designs allows employees who don't meet clients to dress casually, while employees who must meet clients are required to wear formals

3 C) G&B Solutions developed a series of guidelines to let employees know what is considered appropriate and inappropriate office wear

4 D) Waterstones observed and compared employee behavior and productivity on

"formal wear" and "casual wear" days and used the findings to devise a company dress code

5 E) Letterman Inc invited employees to share their clothing preferences and used these suggestions to frame a company dress code

The purpose of the bank wiring observation room experiment, which is one of the phases of the Hawthorne studies, was to analyze

1 A) the impact of scientifically designed jobs on worker efficiency

2 B) the most basic movements necessary to achieve a task

3 C) system improvements through task-scheduling innovation

4 D) the impact of social relationships in a work group

5 E) the impact of unity of command in terms of productivity

The Hawthorne Studies sparked the , a people-oriented approach

to management in which the interaction of people in organizations is studied to judge its impact on organizational success

1 A) behavioral study movement

2 B) human relations movement

3 C) scientific management movement

4 D) "one best way" model

5 E) motion studies initiative

Which one of the following approaches has its origin in World War II, when scientists were asked to help the military solve complex operational problems?

1 A) The subjects did not find working in the test room enjoyable

2 B) Human factors within organizations could significantly influence production

3 C) Members of the work group pressured one another to work harder so that each group member would receive more pay

4 D) Improved working conditions resulted in increased production

5 E) Social groups in organizations could effectively exert pressure to influence individuals to disregard monetary incentives.

The scientific method dictates that scientists must test the model by performing an experiment on

1 A) the actual system to see whether the effects of changes predicted using the model actually occur when the changes are made

2 B) various systems to see whether the effects of changes predicted using the model actually occur when the changes are made

3 C) various systems to see whether the necessary changes can be incorporated

4 D) the actual system and other systems to see whether the necessary changes can be incorporated

5 E) various systems to see whether the necessary changes can be incorporated onthe actual system

The contingency approach attempts to outline the in which various management methods have the best chance of success

The use of the classical, behavioral and management science approaches

as sources of information to analyze the management system is referred

Which of the following statements is true for the management science approach?

1 A) It is only suitable for management problems with a small number of variables

2 B) The use of behavioral models to investigate the decision situation is typical in management science applications

3 C) Management science techniques are not suited for analyzing quantifiable factors

4 D) Management science techniques decrease the effectiveness of managers in decision-making

5 E) Management science applications generally use economic implications as guidelines for making a particular decision

Which of the following is true from the point of view of the contingency approach to management?

1 A) There is one best way to solve a management problem in any organization

2 B) Managers' decisions vary depending on the particular situation and the people involved

3 C) In most cases, solutions to similar problems will apply across organizations

4 D) Managers within the same organization should follow the same solution for similar problems

5 E) Managers should make decisions that are consistent from employee to

employee

The approach to management emphasizes "if–then"

relationships: "If" this situational variable exists, "then" a manager

probably would take this action

Which of the following is the best example of a learning organization?

1 A) Patersons, a family firm, has been in business for a century and operates in much the same way as it did when it first began Many find the company culture paternalistic, but it provides generous employee benefits, which is a definite

advantage

2 B) Lowry Ltd emphasizes the reductionist philosophy in management: the

company attempts to analyze and understand operational problems by reducing them to the interactions of their parts

3 C) Cleary Consulting takes pride in the fact that all its departments are

autonomous and self-sufficient Each functions independently, with minimal

interaction with other departments

4 D) Nesbit & White has been in business for just two years, and the small firm still operates almost informally The weekly company meeting gives employees a sense

of community and a chance to know how everyone is working to achieve their common goals

5 E) Park Systems has been immensely successful in a very short time The key to this has been the individual freedom that it offers employees, who develop their own ways of working and solving problems The company concentrates only on the end result

In simple terms, the to management emphasizes that what

managers do in practice depends on the given set of circumstances

1 A) classical approach

2 B) lower level management analysis approach

3 C) management science approach

4 D) contingency approach

5 E) comprehensive management analysis approach

One of the primary characteristics present in situations in which

management science techniques are applied is

1 A) that the management problems have only a few variables

2 B) that the situation deals with quantifiable factors such as sales

3 C) that the situation deals with the physiological, safety, social, esteem, and actualization needs of organization members