5 2 4 habitats in need of help TG

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Habitats in Need

of Help

SUMMARY The growth of human populations

often results in greater demand for limited

natural resources and the clearing of land to

meet people’s needs The author explains how

this trend contributes to the alarming loss of

animal habitats such as forests, prairies, and

coral reefs, and results in steeply declining

animal populations The author also presents

stories of how people across America are

fight-ing back by workfight-ing to save animal habitats

LESSON VOCABULARY

conservation contribute

enthusiastic environment

investigation

INTRODUCE THE BOOK

INTRODUCE THE TITLE AND AUTHOR Discuss

with students the title and the author of

Habitats in Need of Help Invite them to ask

questions about the title What is a habitat,

and whose habitat needs help? Why? Explain

how the cover image may offer clues on how

the author will answer these questions

BUILD BACKGROUND Tell students that a

habitat is a place where living things can find

food, water, shelter, and nesting places Ask

students to think about their own habitats and

those of different animals Discuss how these

places meet the needs of living things

PREVIEW/USE TEXT FEATURES Ask students

to flip through the book, glancing only at

the photos Then have them preview it

again, taking time to study the images and

accompanying captions slowly and carefully

Discuss how this second read-through

changes their understanding of the book’s

subject

READ THE BOOK SET PURPOSE Have students set a purpose

for reading Habitats in Need of Help Their

own interests in animals, as well as their experience and knowledge of animal habititats, should guide this purpose How would animals be affected by the loss of their homes? How could this loss be prevented?

STRATEGY SUPPORT: ASK QUESTIONS Tell students that a good question often starts

with a question word such as who, what, when, where, why, and how It also asks about

an important detail of the story that can be answered in the reading Based on these criteria, ask students to record questions they have while reading about animal habitats

COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS

PAGE 3 What are some examples of animal

habitats around the world? (oceans, rivers, lakes, forests, deserts, and prairies)

PAGES 3 AND 7 How does the destruction of

habitats hurt animals? (Destruction prevents animals from thriving by harming their sources

of food, water, shelter, and nesting places.)

PAGE 14 Is the author stating a fact or opinion when she writes that the humpback whale’s

“fame comes from the dazzling leaps and

displays that it makes”? (She is stating an opinion because it tells about her feelings and cannot be proven true or false.)

PAGE 23 How can you tell that the author wants to persuade readers to help animals?

(She offers specific suggestions on what students can do to raise awareness of endangered animals and their habitats, such as adopting birds.)

5.2.4

FACT AND OPINION ASK QUESTIONS

44 Habitats in Need of Help

Skill Work TEACH/REVIEW VOCABULARY

Help students decipher the meanings of

vocabulary words such as investigation (page 15) and conservation (page 23) Read aloud

the sentences that feature these words and those that precede and/or follow them Then discuss how you would use contextual clues

to help define the words

TARGET SKILL AND STRATEGY

FACT AND OPINION A statement of fact

can be proven true or false by reading,

observing, or asking an expert A statement

of opinion is a judgment or belief that

cannot be proven true or false but can

be supported or explained Help students make distinctions between the two types

by reading aloud statements from the book about animal habitats Challenge students to identify what types of statements they are

ASK QUESTIONS Asking questions properly

means asking good questions about important text information Skilled readers ask questions before, during, and after reading in order to activate prior knowledge, clarify confusion, and reflect on learning By using this strategy, readers actively engage with the text and remember important ideas Students who ask the right questions can determine whether an author is making statements of fact or opinion As they read, tell them to ask themselves if statements in

the text can be proven true or false

ADDITIONAL SKILL INSTRUCTION

AUTHOR’S PURPOSE Tell students that the

author’s purpose is the reason or reasons

an author has for writing Authors often have more than one purpose for writing, such as

to persuade, inform, express, and entertain

Ask students to share their judgments of the author’s purpose(s) for this book by citing the language and structure of the text

REVISIT THE BOOK

READER RESPONSE

1 Possible response: Fact: Forest-clearing

has resulted in a loss of Asian elephants’

natural habitat Opinion: The habitat of

Asian elephants deserves more protection

than other animals’ homes

2 Answers will vary but may include forests,

swamps, and marshes; runoff from factories

and air pollution; picking up trash, recycling,

conserving water

3 Articles will vary.

4 Students should describe how farming

destroys habitats by clearing land for crops

EXTEND UNDERSTANDING Tell students to look

at the photos and captions in the book Talk

about what these images and words teach

and what questions they inspire Then have

students use reference sources to help answer

these questions and provide more examples of

how photos and captions convey information

Invite students to ask questions that follow simple language patterns, such as,

“What is this?” and “What is happening here?”

while pointing to photos in the book Have

other students answer the questions in detail

RESPONSE OPTIONS

WRITING Invite students to create an oversized

postcard that features an animal habitat of their

choice They should create an illustration of the

environment on one side and write a message

addressed to a friend on the other The message

should describe why the habitat must be saved

SCIENCE CONNECTION

Invite students to consult

reference materials for more

in-depth information on animal

habitats Then have them use art

materials and model-making supplies to

re-create one of these habitats Students must

be prepared to explain how their habitat’s

features help living things survive

Habitats in Need of Help 45

© Pearson Education 5

Fact and Opinion

• A statement of fact can be proven true or false by reading, observing, or asking an expert.

• A statement of opinion is a judgment or belief It cannot be proven true or false but can be

supported or explained.

Directions Read the following passage Decide which sentences are facts and which sentences

are opinions Then complete the chart below by listing three statements of fact and two

statements of opinion

The habitat of orangutans is at risk of disappearing Orangutans are large, funny-looking apes They live on the island of Borneo and the neighboring Indonesian island of Sumatra

An orangutan can weigh from sixty to three hundred pounds and requires large areas of forest

in which to roam But today, due to humans having taken over land for mining, logging, and

various types of farming, less than 20 percent of the orangutans’ original habitat remains Some

researchers estimate that there are fewer than thirty thousand orangutans on the islands today

Losing even one of these amazing apes would be a big tragedy

Habitats in Need of Help

46

Name

Statements of Fact Statements of Opinion

© Pearson Education 5

47

Vocabulary

Directions Choose a word from the box that belongs with each group of words below.

Check the Words You Know

conservation environment

contribute investigation

enthusiastic

1 surroundings background setting

2 examination exploration probe

3 donate add enrich

4 interested eager excited

5 care saving guarding

Directions Circle the word that has the opposite meaning of the vocabulary word.

6 contribute add harm enrich

7 conservation attention guarding destruction

8 enthusiastic uncaring interested excited

Directions Write two sentences about the loss of endangered animals’ habitats Use as many

vocabulary words as you can

9.

10.

Habitats in Need of Help

Name