Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.. Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.. Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.. How Managerial Accounting
Trang 1Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All
Environment
The Changing Role
of Managerial Accounting in a Dynamic Business
Environment
Trang 2Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All
rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Learning Objective
1
Learning Objective
1
Trang 4Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All
rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Learning Objective
2
Learning Objective
2
Trang 5Decision Making
Planning Directing
Controlling
Trang 6Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All
rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Learning Objective
3
Learning Objective
3
Trang 7How Managerial Accounting
Adds Value to the Organization
• Providing information for decision making and
planning.
• Assisting managers in directing and controlling
activities.
• Motivating managers and other employees
towards organization’s goals.
• Measuring performance of subunits, activities,
managers, and other employees.
• Assessing the organization’s competitive position.
• Providing information for decision making and
planning.
• Assisting managers in directing and controlling
activities.
• Motivating managers and other employees
towards organization’s goals.
• Measuring performance of subunits, activities,
managers, and other employees.
• Assessing the organization’s competitive position.
Trang 8In which activities must we excel?
Trang 9Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All
rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Learning Objective
4
Learning Objective
4
Trang 10Managerial versus Financial
Accounting
Accounting System (accumulates financial and managerial accounting data in the
cost accounting system)
Information for decision
making, planning, and
controlling an
organization’s
operations.
Managerial Accounting
Information for decision
making, planning, and
controlling an
organization’s
operations.
Financial Accounting Published financial statements and other financial reports.
Financial Accounting
Published financial statements and other financial reports.
Internal Users
External Users
Trang 11Regulation Not required and unregulated, since it is intended
only for management.
Required and must conform to generally accepted accounting principles Regulated by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, and, to a lesser degree, the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
Source of Data The organization's basic accounting system, plus
various other sources, such as rates of effective products manufactured, physical quantities of material and labor used in production, occupancy rates in hotels and hospitals, and average take-off delays in airlines.
Almost exclusively drawn from the organization's basic accounting system, which accumulates financial information.
Nature of Reports and
Procedures
Reports often focus on subunits within the organization, such as departments, divisions, geographical regions, or product lines Based on a combination of historical data, estimates, and projections of future events.
Reports focus on the enterprise in its entirety
Based almost exclusively on historical transaction data.
Trang 12Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All
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McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Learning Objective
5
Learning Objective
5
Trang 13• A staff position supports and assists line positions.– Example: A cost
accountant in the manufacturing plant
• A staff position supports and assists line positions
– Example: A cost accountant in the manufacturing plant
Line and Staff Positions
• A line position is directly
involved in achieving the
• A line position is directly
involved in achieving the
Trang 14Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All
rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Learning Objective
6
Learning Objective
6
Trang 15Controller
The chief managerial and financial accountant
responsibility for:
– Supervising accounting personnel
– Preparation of information and reports, managerial
and financial
– Analysis of accounting information
– Planning and decision making
The chief managerial and financial accountant
responsibility for:
– Supervising accounting personnel
– Preparation of information and reports, managerial
and financial
– Analysis of accounting information
– Planning and decision making
Trang 16Treasurer
Responsible for raising capital and safeguarding the
organization’s assets
– Supervises relationships with financial institutions
– Work with investors and potential
investors
– Manages investments
– Establishes credit policies
– Manages insurance coverage
Responsible for raising capital and safeguarding the
organization’s assets
– Supervises relationships with financial institutions
– Work with investors and potential
investors
– Manages investments
– Establishes credit policies
– Manages insurance coverage
Trang 17– Expresses an opinion to top
management regarding the
– Expresses an opinion to top
management regarding the
effectiveness of the
organizations accounting
system
Trang 18Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All
rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Learning Objective
7
Learning Objective
7
Trang 19Major Themes in Managerial
Accounting
Managerial Accounting
Costs andBenefits
Evolution andAdaptation
Evolution andAdaptation
BehavioralIssues
BehavioralIssues
Trang 20Information and Communication Technology Just-in-Time Inventory Total Quality Management Continuous Improvement
Change
Trang 22Identify and evaluate
new activities that
Identify and evaluate
new activities that
can improve
performance.
Cost Management Systems
Cost Management System
Trang 23Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All
rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Learning Objective
8
Learning Objective
8
Trang 24Product Design
Product Design
Research and Development
Research and Development
Strategic Cost Management and
the Value Chain
Customer Service
Customer Service
Start
Trang 25Theory of Constraints
Restrictions or barriers that impede
progress toward an objective
Restrictions or barriers that impede
progress toward an objective
Trang 26Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All
rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Learning Objective
9
Learning Objective
9
Trang 27Ethical Climate of Business
The corporate scandals experienced over the last few years have shown us that u nethical behavior
in business is wrong in a moral sense and can be
disastrous in the economy In addition to Sarbanes-Oxley, there will likely be more reforms
in corporate governance and accounting.
The corporate scandals experienced over the last few years have shown us that u nethical behavior
in business is wrong in a moral sense and can be
disastrous in the economy In addition to Sarbanes-Oxley, there will likely be more reforms
in corporate governance and accounting.
Trang 28Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc All
rights reserved.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Learning Objective
10
Learning Objective
10
Trang 29Administers
Certified Management Accountant
program
Develops
Standards of Ethical Conduct for Management Accountants
Develops
Standards of Ethical Conduct for Management Accountants
Trang 31End of Chapter 1